Abstract: A light source system and method that generates stable optical power over time and temperature for use in laser scanning, turbidity sensing, airborne-particle analysis, fog and visibility monitoring, blood-gas analysis and applications where light source output intensity changes less than one-half percent over a 50° C. range. The system includes a miniature semiconductor light emitter that can be powered by two AAA alkaline batteries for more than 100 hours and is about 1 cm3 in size (TO-5 package). A semiconductor light emitter emits a beam of linearly polarized light through a coated optical element having first and second surfaces that meet at an acute angle, the first surface reflecting a portion of the light to a control system and transmitting the rest through the second surface in a direction normal to it and thereby enabling immunity to light interference in the reflected and transmitted beams and novel, error-canceling properties.

Abstract: A drop-in light emitting diode (LED) module that can be used to increase the light output of a conventional flashlight includes a heat sink, a high power LED mounted on the heat sink, and an LED driver circuit. The driver circuit is designed to supply the LED with its maximum rated current so that its light output is brighter than the light output of conventional flashlights. The heat sink channels heat generated by the LED when receiving its maximum rated current into the body of the flashlight so the LED does not overheat and fail. The module is designed to be easily inserted into a conventional flashlight to increase its light output and removed when desired. The module can be used to create a modified flashlight by using the module with a conventional reflector that has been modified for use with the module.

Abstract: Various apparatuses and methods for replacing a fluorescent lamp with a non-fluorescent tube are disclosed herein. For example, some embodiments provide an apparatus for replacing a fluorescent lamp, including an electrical connector adapted to electrically connect to a fluorescent lamp fixture, a DC rectifier connected to the electrical connector, a voltage converter connected to the DC rectifier, and a non-fluorescent light source connected to the voltage converter. The DC rectifier, voltage converter and non-fluorescent light source are substantially contained within a housing that is physically configured to replace the fluorescent lamp in a fluorescent lamp fixture.

Abstract: In an atmospheric inductively coupled plasma generating apparatus, impedance matching between a coil for plasma generation and an RF power source is effected at a high speed. A control method and/or condition for the output frequency of an oscillator which supplies a power to the coil for plasma generation or a control method and a control condition for the output power of the oscillator are changed appropriately in accordance with a generation state of a plasma. When a plasma is not generated, the output frequency is controlled according to a first condition and, when a plasma is generated, the output frequency is controlled according to a second condition different from the first condition. When a plasma is not generated, the output power is controlled according to a third condition and, when a plasma is generated, the output power is controlled according to a fourth condition different from the third condition.

Abstract: A first lighting assembly receives a lighting profile that instructs the first lighting assembly to operate according to the lighting profile over a first period of time. The received lighting profile is implemented, including causing a light of the first lighting assembly to illuminate at a first intensity. An input acquired in proximity to the first lighting assembly and indicating activity in a region proximate the first lighting assembly is received. The received lighting profile is then deviated from, in response to the received input, by increasing the intensity of the light to illuminate at a second intensity for a predetermined period of time. A message is transmitted for receipt by the control center, the message including an indication of the increased light intensity and an identifier associated with the first lighting assembly.

Abstract: Light assemblies may contain a light socket assembly powered by an alternating current source, the light socket assembly containing a female socket for threadedly or otherwise receiving a light bulb or a retrofit socket, for example. An AC/DC converter electrically communicates with the light socket assembly thereby providing direct current to the light socket assembly. A first set of direct current contacts communicating with the AC/DC converter is formed within or about the light socket assembly. A solid state lighting source contains a second set of direct current contacts contained within the solid state lighting source, whereby the second set of direct contacts electrically communicates with and corresponds to the first set of direct current contacts. When assembled, the solid state lighting source such as an annular ring coupled to at least one light emitting diode, operably engages the light socket assembly and is fixed about at least a portion of the light socket assembly.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a dimmable operating device for the combined operation of a gas discharge lamp and a semiconductor light source is provided. The dimmable operating device may be configured such that only the semiconductor light source is operated in the lower dimming range and only the gas discharge lamp is operated in the upper dimming range, and at the changeover points at which one sort of light source out of the semiconductor light source and the gas discharge lamp is switched off or on, at the same time a jump in power is applied to the other light source out of the semiconductor light source and the gas discharge lamp, with the result that the human eye cannot perceive, or can only perceive with difficulty, the changeover point.

Abstract: A driver IC for electrical loads, suitable for regulating a driving voltage depending upon a feedback signal and supplying a regulated driving voltage to a power supply line to which load strings are connected in parallel. The driver IC includes driving current sources respectively connected to the load strings through regulated voltage nodes and configured to supply driving current to the load strings in response to a control signal; sensing units configured to sense and output a minimum voltage among voltages of the regulated voltage nodes; a sample-and-hold circuit configured to sample, hold and output the minimum voltage in response to the control signal; and a comparator configured to compare an output voltage of the sample-and-hold circuit and a reference threshold voltage and generate the feedback signal.

Abstract: The present Invention provides 2-lamp parallel-type and 2-lamp serial-type fluorescent lamp fixtures, in which 2-lamp lighting and 1-lamp lighting are switchable according to an ON/OFF operation of a power supply switch. In a 2-lamp parallel-type or 2-lamp serial-type fluorescent lamp fixture provided with an inverter-type stabilizer, 2-lamp lighting and 1-lamp lighting are switched by a first control circuit (19, 117) operated according to an ON/OFF operation of a power supply switch (12). In the case of the 2-lamp parallel-type fluorescent lamp fixture, the switching is performed by a switching means (18). In the case of the 2-lamp serial-type fluorescent lamp fixture, the switching is performed by light turning-off circuits (113A, 113B) electrically connecting both terminals of a fluorescent lamp. A second control circuit (20, 131) may be provided to switch the 2-lamp lighting and the 1-lamp lighting of the fluorescent lamps according to an external instruction of a PC or the like.

Abstract: A driving circuit, comprising a power supply, a transistor unit and a feedback control circuit, is disclosed. The power supply is adaptor to provide an electric power to drive a load. The transistor unit comprises at least one load coupling end to couple to the load for adjusting an amount of current flowing through the load. The feedback control circuit controls an amount of the electric power provided by the power supply according to a voltage level of the least one load coupling end. Wherein, the feedback control circuit comprises an error amplifying circuit and a feedback control switch. The error amplifying circuit generates an error amplified signal according to the voltage level of the least one load coupling end, and the feedback control switch is coupled to an output of the error amplifying circuit and is switched between a turn-on state and a turn-off state based on a dimming signal.

Abstract: The voltage detection module according to the invention comprises: a first electric terminal; a second ground terminal; a load resistor, connected to the first electric terminal; a main gas-filled spark gap, arranged in series between the load resistor and the second terminal; and a main capacitor, connected, on the one hand, to a first middle point situated between the load resistor and the main gas-filled spark gap and, on the other hand, to the second terminal. The voltage detection module also comprises a light source connected in series between the main gas-filled spark gap and the second terminal, the light source and the main gas-filled spark gap being separate from one another. The voltage detection module comprises an additional stage capable of limiting the voltage applied to the terminals of the gas-filled spark gap to a threshold voltage chosen so as to prevent the gas-filled spark gap from always being on.

Abstract: An LED driver circuit prevents an increase in output voltage of a DC/DC converter in an open circuit condition associated with removal or failure of an LED lighting device. A DC power source provides a first DC voltage across positive and negative voltage rails. A DC/DC converter includes a switching element which when turned ON/OFF provides a second DC voltage across first and second ends of a capacitor which further define first and second LED lighting device connection terminals. A control circuit, upon receiving a drive power signal, turns ON/OFF the switching element to provide constant current control. A power supply circuit is coupled between the second LED lighting device connection terminal and the negative voltage rail and generates the drive power signal to the control circuit during a detected lighting condition. The power supply circuit further disables the drive power signal during a detected open circuit condition.

Abstract: A lighting system for wirelessly providing power to a lighting assembly across a wall. The lighting system may be used, for example, for powering the lighting assembly positioned on an outside portion of the wall, such as on the outside of a boat hull. An example of the lighting system includes a power transmitter with a multi-frequency generator connected to a power source and a controller. The multi-frequency generator is configured to generate an oscillating signal at a predetermined frequency according to a control signal received from the controller. The power transmitter includes a transmitting coil connected to receive the oscillating signal. A receiving coil is positioned to form an inductive coupling with the transmitting coil. A plurality of conditioning units are connected to the receiving coil to receive the oscillating signal. The plurality of conditioning units are connected to provide power to a corresponding light or set of lights.

Abstract: A light emitting diode device emitting at a wavelength of 390-415 nm has a bulk gallium and nitrogen containing substrate with an active region. The device has a current density of greater than about 175 Amps/cm2 and an external quantum efficiency with a roll off of less than about 5% absolute efficiency.

Abstract: An apparatus for LED lights which integrates a voltage booster module is provided. The string lights in series-parallel construction, which is originally powered by a high voltage, becomes now powered by a low voltage. Thus, a dry cell or a solar cell can be used as a power supply, which decreases the needs for electricity from the power rail. Accordingly, less carbon dioxide is generated and energy is also saved.

Abstract: A controller for a light fixture includes: a current-sampling circuit adapted to be connected electrically to the light fixture, and operable to generate a voltage signal corresponding to a current flowing through a light source of the light fixture; a voltage-processing circuit operable to perform at least one of voltage-amplification and voltage-rectification processes upon the voltage signal so as to generate a recognition signal; a signal-recognition unit configured to generate a control signal according to the recognition signal; a driver unit operable to generate a driver signal corresponding to the control signal; and a driving component adapted to be connected electrically to the light fixture, and driven by the driver signal for controlling operation of the light source of the light fixture.

Abstract: A light emitting bulb, a luminary and an illumination device are provided. The light emitting bulb includes a main body and a bulb base. The main body has a plurality of the light emitting units. The bulb base has a plurality of flexible pieces. The flexible pieces are connected to the light emitting units respectively to form a plurality of electrical transmission paths. The luminary further has a lamp holder for holding the light emitting bulb. A control unit in the illumination device is connected to the light emitting bulb through the lamp holder for selectively providing a supply of a power to the light emitting units to control brightness of light emitting units, respectively. The light emitting bulb may facilitate color changing and brightness control without having a control circuit disposed within the light emitting bulb and is associated with a longer lifetime and a lower manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A direct current power system according to one non-limiting embodiment includes a direct current power source operable to distribute a direct current voltage throughout at least one structure, and at least one controller operable to selectively couple a direct current load to the direct current voltage in response to a wireless signal from an energy-harvesting switch.

Abstract: A planar light-emitting module lighting circuit uses a lamp comprising an organic electroluminescence layer and electrodes sandwiching the organic electroluminescence layer as a load, and applies a current to the load so as to cause the organic electroluminescence layer to emit light. In the planer light-emitting module lighting circuit, a current at a lighting start time of the lamp is made small as compared with a current at a stationary lighting time at which a predetermined time period has passed since a lighting start.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus is disclosed. The LED driving apparatus includes a power converter, a voltage sample-and-hold and comparison circuit, and a pre-charge clock generator. The power converter has a power transistor switch for processing power conversion and outputs a driving voltage at an output terminal. The voltage sample-and-hold and comparison circuit enters a sample-and-hold mode or a comparing mode according to a dimming status signal. The voltage sample-and-hold and comparison circuit samples and holds a feedback voltage to obtain a pre-storage voltage during the sample-and-hold mode and compares the pre-storage voltage with the feedback voltage to obtain a comparison result during the comparing mode. The voltage sample-and-hold and comparison circuit generates a pre-charge enable signal according to the comparison result.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a system and method for controlling a light for a component of an electronic device. An embodiment uses brightness evaluation zones and progresses through one or more of the zones to determine whether and when to activate the light for given conditions of ambient light. In doing so, the embodiment sets a current brightness evaluation zone for the device and sets an activation status of the light level to an activation value associated with the current brightness evaluation zone. The embodiment compares an ambient light level for the device to the current brightness evaluation zone. Evaluation loops are provided to test and change the current brightness evaluation zone against the detected ambient light. The light may be a backlight.

Abstract: A primary side PFC driver circuit is disclosed that includes a switch control circuit for commanding a switch to allow an inductor coupled to an output load (e.g., LEDs) to transfer energy provided by an input voltage source. The switch control circuit provides two signals for commanding the switch. A first signal having a first frequency, with a duty cycle in proportion to the input voltage amplitude, commands the switch to allow the average input current to be proportional to the input voltage amplitude. A second signal having a second frequency higher than the first frequency pulses the output load with substantially constant current pulses based on a value of the first signal (e.g., while the first signal is high). The current pulses produce a substantially constant current in the output load.

Abstract: A discharge lamp ballast is provided with a feedback control operation to provide optimal lamp current flow during an electrode heating operation. A startup circuit coupled together with a discharge lamp between output terminals of a DC-AC power converter having a plurality of switches. The startup circuit generates a high voltage to ignite the lamp. A lamp current sensor detects an amplitude of an output current to the lamp. A control circuit controls the switches in accordance with each of a plurality of control operations including a startup operation to ignite the lamp using the high voltage generated by the startup circuit, an electrode heating operation wherein an operating frequency of the switches is controlled to set the amplitude of the detected output current to a predetermined target current amplitude, and a normal operation wherein the operating frequency is reduced to maintain stable lighting of the lamp.

Abstract: A method of controlling the power consumption of a light source in a mobile projector, including calculating power consumption of the light source, and comparing the calculated power consumption with a preset power value, and automatically adjusting current flowing to the light source according to a resultant value of the comparison. Calculating power consumption of the light source includes measuring a voltage applied to both terminals of the light source, measuring current flowing to the light source, and calculating power consumption of the light source by multiplication of the measured voltage and current. Adjusting the current flowing to the light source includes calculating a difference between the preset power value and the calculated power consumption of the light source, adding/subtracting the calculated difference value to/from a preset current value to output a resultant value, and changing the voltage output to the light source according to the resultant output value.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a dimmable power supply are disclosed herein. For example, some embodiments provide a dimmable power supply including an output driver, a variable pulse generator and a load current detector. The output driver has a power input, a control input and a load path. The variable pulse generator includes a control input and a pulse output, with the pulse output connected to the output driver control input. The variable pulse generator is adapted to vary a pulse width at the pulse output based on a signal at the control input. The load current detector has an input connected to the output driver load path and an output connected to the variable pulse generator control input. The load current detector has a time constant adapted to substantially filter out a change in a load current at a frequency of pulses at the variable pulse generator pulse output.

Abstract: Provided are a variable field effect transistor (FET) designed to suppress a reduction of current between a source and a drain due to heat while decreasing a temperature of the FET, and an electrical and electronic apparatus including the variable gate FET. The variable gate FET includes a FET and a gate control device that is attached to a surface or a heat-generating portion of the FET and is connected to a gate terminal of the FET so as to vary a voltage of the gate terminal. A channel current between the source and drain is controlled by the gate control device that varies the voltage of the gate terminal when the temperature of the FET increases above a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A current regulating circuit is for connection in series between a light emitting diode (LED) and a power source, and includes: a first resistive unit having a first resistance that is proportional to an operation temperature of the LED when the operation temperature is above a predetermined threshold temperature; and a second resistive unit connected in series with said first resistive unit, and having a second resistance that is inversely proportional to the operation temperature of the LED when the operation temperature is above the predetermined threshold temperature. When the operation temperature of the LED is above the predetermined threshold temperature, an effective resistance of said current regulating circuit attributed to said first and second resistive units is proportional to the operation temperature of the LED, and absolute value of a rate of change of the first resistance is larger than that of the second resistance.

Abstract: A positive counter starts counting, starting with an initial value, upon receiving a positive edge of a dimming pulse signal. A negative edge counter starts counting, starting with an initial value, upon receiving a negative edge of the dimming pulse signal. For each i-th (2?i?n) channel, the phase shift amount is calculated by multiplying a period count value that indicates the period of the dimming pulse signal by (i?1)/n. When the count value matches the phase shift amount, a burst control signal is switched to a first level. When the count value matches the phase shift amount, the burst control signal is switched to a second level.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an improved compact induction lamp, which includes a lamp bulb coated with a phosphor layer on its inner wall and contains inert gas and mercury vapor. The lamp bulb is connected to a housing and mounted to a lamp base. The housing may include a control circuit. A magnetic ring located within a ring cover surrounded the lamp bulb and enclosed one cross section of the lamp bulb. A wire coil wrapped around the magnetic ring is connected with the control circuit and to the lamp base, which generates an electromagnetic field to lighten the lamp. A double wall exhaust tube containing mercury amalgam is disposed of in the housing at the lamp base to provide mercury vapor to the inner space of the lamp bulb. The double wall exhaust tube provides a mean to prevent the amalgam from penetrating into the lamp bulb and allows the lamp to be mounted in any direction the lamp may be operated.

Abstract: The model train control system includes a remote control device that receives user input with respect to various train functions such as desired speed and effects, and that generates commands based on that input in order to cause the model train to perform in a desired manner. In an embodiment of the invention, the model train controller comprises control input devices that permit user control over corresponding control features of the model train. A touch screen display may be coupled to the housing and adapted to receive user selections regarding the control feature. A processor is operatively coupled to the control input devices and the touch screen display. The processor is adapted to generate at least one model train command to be transmitted to the model train based at least in part on a user input received from either one of the control input devices or the touch screen display.

Abstract: A power stage for driving an electric machine comprising at least two semiconductor switches designed as semiconductor chips, which are connected by at least one bridge conductor to form a half bridge. The semiconductor switches area contact with each one of their contact surfaces an electric conductor track. The conductor tracks and the at least one bridge conductor are connected to the electric connection terminals for the machine and/or the power supply. The at least one bridge conductor is designed as conductor element which is arranged in at least one plane which is partially disposed approximately parallel to the extension plane of at least one of the conductor tracks. The at least one bridge conductor area contacts the semiconductor switches at a second contact surface which is disposed opposite the first contact surface which is connected to one of the conductor tracks.

Abstract: A motor drive circuit includes a positive and a negative supply rail for connection to a battery (104), a motor drive circuit including a plurality of motor drive subcircuits which each selectively permit current to flow into or out of a respective phase of a multi-phase motor (101) in response to control signals from a motor control circuit, and a switching means including at least one switch which is in series with a respective phase of the motor which is normally closed to permit the flow of current to and from the subcircuit to the respective motor phase. A fault signal detecting means (160) detects at least one fault condition and, in the event of a fault condition being detected, causes the at least one switch to open. A snubber circuit (150) is associated with the motor and is arranged so that following the opening of the switch, energy stored in the motor windings is diverted away from the switching means through the snubber circuit to the battery.

Abstract: A DC brushless motor system is disclosed. When a rotor of the DC brushless motor is close to an aligned position, there will be current spike in the coil and voltage spike in an input capacitor. By decreasing the peak current limit of the current in the coil when the rotor is close to the aligned position, the current spike and the voltage spike are reduced.

Abstract: A motor energy recycling device is connected to a motor, a voltage regulating power capacitor, and a switch unit, for storing energy released by the motor. The motor energy recycling device include a switching device having first to third ends for being switched to connect the third end with the first end or second end; a first diode unit; a first capacitor connected to the motor and the first diode unit for using energy released by the motor to charge the first capacitor; a first inductor; a second capacitor; a second diode unit; and a second inductor connected between the second end and the second diode and between the voltage regulating power capacitor and the second capacitor for charging the voltage regulating power capacitor via the second inductor to accomplish an energy recycling.

Abstract: A control system is provided for an AC electric motor which comprises a rotor and a stator and a plurality of phase windings connected in a star formation, each winding having one end connected to a common neutral point and another end arranged to have a terminal voltage applied to it. The control system comprises switching means arranged to control the terminal voltages applied to the windings and control means arranged to control the switching means so as to switch it between a plurality of states in each of a sequence of PWM periods. The control means is further arranged to measure the voltage at the neutral point at sample times within the PWM periods and to generate from the measured voltages an estimation of the rotational position of the rotor.

Abstract: A motor control device, which receives at least two emergency stop signals, includes an LSI, a PWM signal transmission circuit, a drive circuit, and an inverter circuit. The LSI generates PWM signals. The PWM signal transmission circuit transmits the PWM signals. The drive circuit generates inverter drive signals. The inverter circuit includes a P-side power switching device and an N-side power switching device. The drive circuit includes a P-side drive circuit for driving the P-side power switching device, and an N-side drive circuit for driving the N-side power switching device. One of the emergency stop signals is inputted to the P-side drive circuit and the PWM signal transmission circuit. The other emergency stop signal is inputted to the N-side drive circuit and the PWM signal transmission circuit. In response to the receipt of an emergency stop signal, the PWM signal transmission circuit stops transmitting the PWM signals, and the drive circuit stops outputting the inverter drive signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the run duration of an electric motor powered by a battery pack is provided. The apparatus includes an electric motor having a rated motor voltage, a battery pack having an output voltage exceeding the rated motor voltage, and a motor controller which converts the output voltage to supply electrical power to the electric motor at a second voltage lower than the output voltage.

Abstract: A rotation direction control method of a cooling fan is disclosed. The rotation direction control method includes a detection step, a determination step and a driving step. The detection step receives a temperature control signal from a temperature detection unit by a rotation direction control unit when a predetermined dust-expelling time period begins. The determination step determines whether a detected temperature is higher than a predetermined value based on the temperature control signal by the rotation direction control unit. The driving step controls the rotation direction control unit to keep outputting a cooling signal so as to drive a motor of the cooling fan for a cooling operation when the determination of the determination step is positive.

Abstract: When instructed to switch control modes between overmodulation PWM control and sinusoidal wave PWM control, control device corrects the amplitude of a voltage command signal based on a state of power conversion operation performed by an inverter, so as to suppress a change in an influence of dead time over a voltage applied to an alternating-current motor upon switching the control modes. The state of the power conversion operation performed by the inverter includes at least one of a present value of a carrier frequency in a control mode currently employed, an estimated value of the carrier frequency to be obtained when switching the control modes, the length of the dead time, a power factor of alternating-current power exchanged between the inverter and the alternating-current motor, and a driving state of the alternating-current motor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for charging a rechargeable battery comprises determining a safe charging voltage Vsafe that is the maximum open circuit voltage of the battery which provides a minimum battery capacity for a predetermined number of charge and discharge cycles of the battery. The battery is charged with a voltage Vhv which is higher than the Vsafe. The charging voltage is removed and open circuit voltage of the battery is measured. The charging and measuring steps are repeated when the open circuit voltage is less than Vsafe, and the charging process is terminated when the open circuit voltage is substantially equal to Vsafe.

Abstract: A method and system for protecting a vehicle battery from excessive discharge are described. The method includes monitoring vehicle conditions including determining whether safety conditions are met and whether the vehicle is stationary. Further, the method activates a power save mode based on the monitoring step. The power save mode includes simulating an ignition off condition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a power charging device (10) for an electric vehicle (12) with an electric energy store (14). The power charging device (10) comprises at least one rectifier means (16) for converting a supply voltage (18) into a charging d.c. voltage (20), a contacting means (22) for contacting a plug-in connection supply point (24) of the electric vehicle (12), and a residual current monitoring device (26) for detecting a current difference in the contacting means (22) and/or the electric vehicle (12) during a charging process of the energy store (14) of the electric vehicle (12). The invention is characterized in that the residual current monitoring device (26) is designed at least for detection of a direct current difference ?I and comprises a cutoff element (28) which can interrupt the charging process when a predeterminable direct current cutoff difference (36) is exceeded over a predeterminable cutoff time.

Abstract: A power transfer system which includes a power transfer device as well as at least one portable device, and to a method of controlling the power transfer system specifically in case of a dead battery condition of a battery of the portable device. The power transfer device for wireless charging of the battery arranged in the portable device and the power transfer device each comprise a near field communication functionality for data communication by a data communication link between the devices. The method includes a step of starting to establish the data communication link between the power transfer device and the portable device.

Abstract: The described method and system provide for managing the charging of individual electric vehicles with respect to local substations or grids to lower the load on a given substation or grid. When the load on a substation or grid reaches a warning threshold, a call center may facilitate the implementation of a charging plan to reduce the load. The call center may locate and identify vehicles that are being charged in the relevant area and may further manage the charging of the located vehicles to reduce the load through a charging plan. The plan may be based on the current state of charge of each vehicle, the historical use and projected use of each vehicle, vehicle charging patterns, and the severity of the load on the substation or grid.

Abstract: A charging device for an electrically-drivable vehicle comprises a power-supply connector (100), a power-receiving connector (200), a safety-charging-signal-generating unit provided in the charging device, a CAN control module receiving a safety-charging signal generated by the safety-charging-signal-generating unit. The charging device may be configured to be chargeable to the electrically-drivable vehicle when the charging terminal and the charging-terminal-accommodating chamber are connected to each other. The power-supply connector and the power-receiving connector are engaged with the CAN module detecting the safety-charging signal. The personal safety during maintenance or other unexpected accidents is enhanced.

Abstract: Electric vehicle charging stations are coupled with a circuit sharing controller. Multiple electric vehicle charging stations are wired on the same electrical circuit. The circuit sharing controller implements a circuit sharing process that dynamically allocates electric current to charging stations on the same electrical circuit such that the capacity of the electrical circuit is not exceeded while permitting each of those charging stations to draw electric current through that electrical circuit for at least some amount of time.

Abstract: A battery measuring clamp, comprising a battery pole clamp 2, a measuring resistor 12 electrically connected to the battery pole clamp 2, and an evaluation circuit which evaluates at least the voltage across the measuring resistor 12, wherein the evaluation circuit is electrically connected to the measuring resistor 12 via at least two measuring contacts 18 and at least two data lines 24 are arranged on the evaluation circuit. A flexible use of such a battery measuring clamp is ensured by the fact that the data lines are arranged in a connection means 26, that a data connector 32 is monolithically connected to a coupling means 28 corresponding to the connection means 26, and that the coupling means 28 and the connection means 26 are plugged together in order to electrically contact the data connector 32 to the data lines 24.

Abstract: An electricity storing device includes a high-voltage terminal, a low-voltage terminal, a plurality of rechargeable battery modules, a plurality of first switches each coupled between one rechargeable battery module and the high-voltage terminal, a plurality of second switches each coupled between one rechargeable battery module and the low-voltage terminal, a plurality of third switches each coupled between two of the rechargeable battery modules, and a control module for outputting a control command to control couplings of the plurality of first switches, the plurality of second switches and the plurality of third switches.

Abstract: A circuit includes multiple battery modules and protection circuits respectively coupled to the battery modules. Each protection circuit includes a controller and a shunt circuit. The controller is coupled to one of the battery modules and detects a fault associated with the battery module. The shunt circuit is coupled to the battery module and the controller, and shunts a current around the battery module if the fault associated with the battery module is detected by the controller.

Abstract: Model-based battery fuel gauges that connect across a rechargeable battery and track the per-cent state of charge of the battery. The model based fuel gauges provide a measure of the open terminal voltage of a battery, even when the battery is powering a load, to provide the state of charge information. Analog and digital implementations of the battery model fuel gauges may be used, and incorporated into a battery powered device in various ways, including constantly powered implementations and implementations that are turned on and off with the battery powered device. Various exemplary embodiments are disclosed.