Abstract: A node comprises a host computer operable to execute application tasks and to transmit data; a local time-triggered Ethernet switch operable to enforce temporal constraints on time-triggered data; and a time-triggered Ethernet controller coupled to the local time-triggered Ethernet switch and operable to be coupled to a time-triggered Ethernet switch in each of a plurality of other control nodes. The time-triggered Ethernet controller is further operable to communicate with the plurality of other control nodes to synchronize a local clock to establish a global time base and to provide a signal to the host computer for the host computer to synchronize execution of the application tasks by the host computer with the execution of application tasks in each of the plurality of other control nodes.

Abstract: Techniques for facilitating cell search by user equipments (UEs) in a wireless communication system are described. In an aspect, a primary synchronization code (PSC) sequence may be generated based on a Frank sequence and a constant amplitude sequence that is repeated multiple times. In another aspect, a set of PSC sequences may be generated based on complementary sequences having good aperiodic correlation properties and efficient implementations. In one design, PSC sequences A+B and B+A may be formed based on Golay complementary sequences A and B, there “+” denotes concatenation. In yet another aspect, a set of secondary synchronization code (SSC) sequences may be generated based on a set of base sequences and different modulation symbols of a modulation scheme. Each base sequence may be modulated by each of M possible modulation symbols for the modulation scheme to obtain M different SSC sequences.

Abstract: In a wireless local area network, a first and second access point in which the RF coverage areas overlap are synchronized by positioning a monitor station within the overlap area. The monitor station receives beacon frames from both access points and records the arrival times. A manager in communication with both access points and the monitor station calculates a retardation interval and issues a control command to the second access point to retard transmission of its beacon frame. The retardation interval is calculated such that the contention-free period of the second access point does not overlap the contention-free period of the first access point. The manager may also issue control commands to the first and second access points to adjust their contention-free periods.

Abstract: Communication methods and apparatuses are provided.

Abstract: A packet insertion mechanism at the front end of a time-synchronized digital television transmission system multiplexes, along with standard packets, packets whose payload is to be transmitted with redundancy for added robustness. The multiplexer also inputs placeholder packets to accommodate duplicated content of the robust packets. Multiplexing of the robust and placeholder packets is configured to alternate and to interleave with the multiplexing of standard packets. The distribution of the robust packets within a frame is determined by the number of robust packets.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a data stream over a communication channel, the method comprising: providing symbol sets having different numbers of symbols; modulating data in the data stream that warrant different degrees of protection against noise onto symbols from symbol sets having different numbers of symbols, wherein which symbol set given data in the stream is modulated onto is independent of symbol sets onto which other data in the data stream is modulated onto; and transmitting the symbols.

Abstract: A communication device includes a transmission amplifier supplied with a binary transmission signal is capable of choosing between amplifying the transmission signal and entering a high-impedance state at an output. An antenna is supplied with a transmission signal output from the transmission amplifier. A comparator compares a signal received by the antenna with threshold values to obtain a reception signal, which is supplied to a processing unit. A capacitor is connected between the transmission amplifier and the antenna or between the antenna and the comparator. A control unit allows the transmission amplifier to be in the high-impedance state for a period during which the processing unit receives a reception signal.

Abstract: A fire alarm network fiber optic multiplex modem includes plural local interfaces, a fiber optic interface, a multiplexor, a fiber optic modem, and a demultiplexor. The multiplexor combines data received at the local interfaces into an outgoing data stream. The fiber optic modem transmits, at a first wavelength, the outgoing data stream to the fiber optic interface and receives, at a second wavelength, an incoming data stream via the fiber optic interface. The demultiplexor separates the incoming data stream into separate data streams, and forwards each of the separate data streams to its corresponding local interface.

Abstract: In a mode-locked laser-diode-excited laser apparatus: a solid-state laser medium is arranged at a distance of at most twice the Rayleigh range from a saturable absorbing mirror with a depth of absorbing modulation of at least 0.4%; the total intracavity dispersion is smaller than zero and makes oscillating light have such a pulse bandwidth that the saturable absorbing mirror can suppress a background pulses other than soliton pulses repeated with a fundamental repetition period, and the magnitude of the total intracavity dispersion has a predetermined relationship with a pulse width of the oscillating light; and an output mirror is a negative-dispersion mirror in which high-index layers and low-index layers, having optical thicknesses randomly varying in the range of one-eighth to half of the predetermined wavelength, are alternately laminated, and the negative-dispersion mirror causes a mirror dispersion of ?1000 fsec2 to ?100 fsec2 and realizes a reflectance of 97% to 99.5%.

Abstract: A system for cooling a semiconductor light source bar during burn-in testing includes a fixture for holding the semiconductor light source bar, and the fixture including a housing having a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel communicated with the water inlet channel; a first water tank with coolant connected with the water inlet channel; a second water tank connected with the water outlet channel; and a pumping device at least connected with the water outlet channel for pumping the coolant from the first water tank to the second water tank, thereby rushing a bottom of the semiconductor light source bar to lower the temperature thereof. The system can disperse the local heat generated during burn-in testing and uniform the local temperature of the semiconductor light source bar, thereby maintaining a proper temperature during burn-in testing and improving the heat stability of the heat assist magnetic recording head.

Abstract: Various embodiments are disclosed for a thermal management system and related method for selectively thermally isolating and thermally connecting a target component. One embodiment of a system includes a first component having a first surface proximate to a target component, and an electromagnet between the first surface and the target component. A second component is spaced apart from the first component to form a gap that serves as a thermal boundary between the first component and the second component. A carrier fluid disposed within the gap includes multiple thermally conductive, ferrous particles. The carrier fluid is configured to align at least a portion of the thermally conductive, ferrous particles when the electromagnet generates a magnetic field that attracts the particles, and to displace at least a portion of the particles when the electromagnet generates a magnetic field that repels the particles.

Abstract: A device includes: a providing unit that provides a driving electric current to a semiconductor laser, the electric current being superimposed a first alternating current signal having a first frequency at a low side of an operational range of the semiconductor laser and a second alternating current signal having a second frequency at a high side of the operational range; a first filter that extracts a first component corresponding to the first frequency from a voltage to be applied to the semiconductor laser; a second filter that extracts a second component corresponding to the second frequency from the voltage to be applied to the semiconductor laser; and a judge circuit that judges a state of the semiconductor laser based on a first differential resistance obtained from the result of the extracting by the first filter and a second differential resistance obtained from the result of the extracting by the second filter.

Abstract: Embodiments provide systems, devices, and methods for controlling a laser. The system includes a controller to control a laser, a ramp generator to ramp down laser power, the ramp generator electrically coupled with the controller and coupleable with the laser, and a hardware protection system electrically coupled with the ramp generator, wherein the ramp generator monitors signals sent from the controller and the hardware protection system to the ramp generator to detect signal failure and ramps down the laser power upon signal failure detection. The method includes sending a control status signal from a controller for a laser to a ramp generator, monitoring the control status signal for missing pulses, sending a hardware interlock status signal from a hardware protection system to the ramp generator, monitoring the hardware interlock status signal for signal failure, and ramping down laser power upon detection of missing pulses or signal failure.

Abstract: A multi-beam semiconductor laser apparatus includes three or more stripe semiconductor laser emission units which are arranged on a substrate, isolation grooves which separate the semiconductor laser emission units from each other, and pad electrodes which are disposed on outer sides of the outermost semiconductor laser emission units. The isolation grooves are formed between the pad electrodes and the semiconductor laser emission units adjacent to the pad electrodes and between adjacent semiconductor laser emission units. A distance between two isolation grooves formed on outer sides of the outermost semiconductor laser light emission units is smaller than a distance between two isolation grooves formed on both sides of inner ones of the semiconductor laser light emission units.

Abstract: A gas discharge chamber that uses a calcium fluoride crystal which reduces a breakage due to mechanical stress (window holder and laser gas pressure), thermal stress from light absorption, and the like, increases the degree of linear polarization of output laser, and suppresses degradation due to strong ultraviolet (ArF, in particular) laser light irradiation. A first window (2) and a second window (3) of the gas discharge chamber have an incident plane and an emitting plane in parallel with a (111) crystal plane of their calcium fluoride crystal. With respect to an arrangement where laser light entering the calcium fluoride crystal passes through a plane including a <111> axis and a <001> axis of each of the first window (2) and the second window (3) as seen from inside the chamber (1), the first window (2) and the second window (3) are arranged in positions rotated in the same direction by the same angle about their <111> axis.

Abstract: A light emitting device and the fabrication method includes forming one or more light emitting modules on a substrate. The light emitting module receives an alternating current input and has at least two micro diodes. Each micro diode has at least two active layers and is electrically connected by a conductive structure so as to allow the active layers of the micro diodes to alternately emit light during positive and negative cycles of the alternating-current input.

Abstract: A spread spectrum clock generation circuit and a controlling method thereof are disclosed, which provide clocks having less jitter and ideal spread spectrum and enable a reduction in circuit scale and in power consumption. To this end, a current control type modulator 19a is equipped with a current source Ia (current 4i). A charger unit CGa and a discharger unit DGa are designed such that currents i, 2i and 4i are allowed to flow, for example, by properly setting the sizes of transistors. Modulation cycles CIa to CIIIa are repeated and an output code is generated from a switching control circuit 20a according to each modulation cycle. A switching unit SSa is controlled according to the output code, thereby charging or discharging a capacitor element C1 with a charge/discharge current CDI corresponding to the output code. Hence, charge amounts and discharge amounts for all the modulation cycles CIa to CIIIa have the same value, i.e., 6i [A·clock].

Abstract: A clipping rate is controlled in spectrum shaping according to a propagation path to thereby improve transmission characteristics and perform communication at a stable transmission rate. Propagation path characteristics are detected by a propagation path information detection unit 5 for detecting propagation path information fed back from a base station device and a water filling principle for distributing energy by a primary spectrum shaping unit 6 according to the propagation path characteristics is applied to transmission spectrum obtained by a DFT unit 4. Clipping information in secondary spectrum shaping fed back from the base station device is detected by a clipping information detection unit 7 to perform the secondary spectrum shaping by a secondary spectrum shaping unit 8. At this time, with the clipping rate by the secondary spectrum shaping unit 8, clipping rates of all transmission devices multiplexed in a scheduling unit 26 of the base station device are controlled adaptively.

Abstract: A system and method for frequency hopping precalibrates a subset of a plurality of channels, storing the channels' associated curves in a computer readable medium. Before hopping to a new channel, decision making circuitry can access the precalibrated curves. If the destination channel has an associated curve, then the system can use the values from that curve when hopping to a new channel. If the destination channel does not have an associated precalibrated curve, then the system can identify a closely situated channel with a precalibrated curve and use an offset value to settle at the destination channel. According to another aspect of the present invention, the offsets can be updated. According to a further aspect of the invention, the updated can be done dynamically.

Abstract: This method for estimating a carrier-frequency offset in a telecommunication signals receiver comprises the following steps: computation of the partial correlations relating to several successive portions of a reference binary sequence, each partial correlation being computed between a portion of a signal received by the receiver at said carrier frequency, this signal comprising said reference binary sequence, and a predetermined portion of said reference binary sequence stored and/or generated by the receiver, in several possible relative positions between the received signal and the predetermined portion, and determination of the carrier-frequency offset from the computed partial correlations. It also comprises a step of selecting a synchronization position and the determination step comprises the estimation of a phase shift between computed partial correlations at the selected synchronization position.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for transmitting/receiving data generate main service data of broadcasting data, generate additional data of the broadcasting data, transform the additional data into a parallel type, generate pseudo-random noise sequences as a spreading code of the additional data, select polarities of the pseudo-random noise sequences using any one additional data bits in the additional data in the transformed parallel type, map the remaining additional data bits excluding the one additional data bit from the additional data in the transformed parallel type to a single sequence, multiply a single sequence to which the remaining additional data bits are mapped by pseudo-noise sequences of which the polarities are selected, control mean power of the additional data multiplied by the sequences, couple the additional data of which the mean power is controlled with the main service data, and then, transmit the broadcasting data.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for interference suppression in WCDMA systems may include one or more circuits that are operable to receive a plurality of multipath signals via one or more receiving antennas. A plurality of weighting factor values may be computed based on the received multipath signals. Estimated signals may be based on the weighting factor values. Residual signals may be generated based on received signals and the estimated signals. Addback signals may be generated based on the estimated signals and the residual signals. Updated estimated signals may be generated based on the addback signals and the weighting factor values. Incremental signals may be generated based on the updated estimated signals and addback signals. Updated residual signals may be generated based on the incremental signals and previous residual signals. The interference suppressed signals may be generated based on the updated residual signals and updated estimated signals.

Abstract: The method is for using a multi-tune transceiver. A single oscillator (VCO/DCO) is provided that is electronically connected to a divider. An input channel is provided that is in communication with the divider and an analog-to-digital converter. The input channel has a first bandwidth and the converter has a second bandwidth that is broader than the first bandwidth. The single oscillator (VCO/DCO) operates at a frequency higher than frequencies inside the reception band such as the FM band. The divider divides the frequency of the single oscillator that is used as input when producing overlapping sub-bands that cover the entire reception band.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of improved impairment covariance matrix estimation for a received signal in a Generalized Rake receiver arrangement. The method comprises providing for a plurality of despread pilot symbols representative of the signal and determining an estimate of an impairment covariance matrix R for the received signal. Subsequently, providing an estimate of scaling parameters ?, ? for the estimate of R by means of a weighted least squares estimate based on the color of a residual noise vector for the impairment covariance matrix estimate R, and forming an improved estimate of the impairment covariance matrix based on the weighted squares estimate.

Abstract: A maximum signal energy level among a plurality of individual distinct path signals in a wirelessly received signal cluster is detected. An early aggregate power level associated with at least a portion of the plurality of individual distinct path signals received at time instants preceding a first moment time, and a late aggregate power level associated with at least a portion of the plurality of individual distinct path signals received at time instants subsequent to the first moment time are computed. The first moment time, which corresponds to the detected maximum signal energy level, is adjusted based on the early aggregate power level and the late aggregate power level. At least a portion of the plurality of individual distinct path signals is received at a corresponding plurality of time instants within a duration comprising a delay spread of the wirelessly received signal cluster based on the adjusted first moment time.

Abstract: A communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a communication antenna that receives a transmission signal where a spectrum spread signal subjected to a spectrum spread is modulated; an intermediate frequency converting unit that converts the transmission signal received by the communication antenna into an intermediate frequency signal having a predetermined frequency; an analog to digital converting unit that discretizes the intermediate frequency signal and outputs a discretization signal; a noise removing unit that detects a noise other than a normal thermal noise included in the discretization signal and removes the detected noise from the discretization signal; and a demodulating unit that demodulates the spectrum spread signal, based on the discretization signal that is output from the noise removing unit.

Abstract: A receiver apparatus for determining a correlation value of a predetermined repetitive chip sequence in a receive signal, the chip sequence having a chip sequence duration and a chip sequence duration cycle. The receiver apparatus has a receive unit for receiving the receive signal and a segmenter for providing receive signal segments from the receive signal, two receive signals representing the same chip sequence in different repetition cycles and having at least one repetition cycle time spacing.

Abstract: A method of generating an index value associated with a primary synchronization code within a communication signal includes splitting a sampled communication signal into even and odd samples. The even and odd samples are correlated with a primary synchronization code of the communication signal and complex values of the even and odd samples are generated. Signal strength values for the even and odd samples are approximated and the approximate signal strength values within a frame of the communication signal are accumulated. A highest accumulated signal strength value is assigned as an index value.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a system and method for processing a signal received from a satellite positioning system (SPS) in the presence of a multi-tone jammer. In one particular implementation, processing of a signal may be altered in response to detection of one or more conditions.

Abstract: A high-speed switch that includes a switch fabric, and both high-speed serial ports and data converter physical ports. A first set of data converter physical ports may perform analog-to-digital conversions, such that an external analog signal may be converted to a digital input signal on the switch. The converted digital input signal may then be routed through the switch fabric in accordance with a serial data protocol. A second set of data converter physical ports may perform digital-to-analog conversions, such that an internal digital signal received from the switch fabric may be converted to an analog output signal on the switch. The converted analog output signal may then be transmitted to an external destination in accordance with a serial data protocol.

Abstract: An integrated circuit chip implements a high-speed switch that includes: a switch fabric; control logic that controls the transmission of digital signals through the switch fabric; a transceiver block comprising one or more transceivers, each transmitting digital signals between the control logic and a corresponding external device; a data converter physical interface comprising one or more data converters, each performing a conversion between analog and digital signals, wherein digital signals associated with the one or more data converters are routed through the switch fabric; and a signal processing engine coupled to the control logic, wherein the signal processing engine performs on-chip processing of digital signals received from the transceiver block and the data converter physical interface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for minimizing feedback overhead in a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication method using multiple transmission and reception antennas. In particular, a method for minimizing feedback overhead in a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication system by using spatial channel covariance, as explicit channel status information (CSI) feedback method is disclosed.

Abstract: A system is provided for transmitting information through a speech codec (in-band) such as found in a wireless communication network. A modulator transforms the data into a spectrally noise-like signal based on the mapping of a shaped pulse to predetermined positions within a modulation frame, and the signal is efficiently encoded by a speech codec. A synchronization sequence provides modulation frame timing at the receiver and is detected based on analysis of a correlation peak pattern. A request/response protocol provides reliable transfer of data using message redundancy, retransmission, and/or robust modulation modes dependent on the communication channel conditions.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes accessing an input signal from a receiver that includes a series of bits and further comprising residual boundary intersymbol interference (ISI). The method includes identifying a first bit sequence in the input signal and identifying a second bit sequence in the input signal that differs from the first bit sequence with respect to one or more data values of one or more bits in the first and second bit sequences corresponding to particular residual boundary ISI for measurement. The method includes determining a difference between first boundary error in the first bit sequence and second boundary error in the second bit sequence and measuring the particular residual boundary ISI by the difference for use in adaptive equalizer control.

Abstract: When video sequences are obtained from e.g. news, interviews, conferences and sports matches, flashlight often appears in the video due to photographing. When encoding the video sequence, the intensity changes a lot so that the motion estimation can not find a well-matching block in a previous picture. Accordingly, the video encoder will encode in intra mode and thereby generate much more bits than for the neighboring non-flash pictures. According to the invention, not the real flash picture is encoded in the video sequence but an artificial non-flash or de-flashed picture, and some indications and parameters are inserted into the bit stream to model the flash effect. The decoder can regenerate the flash picture by reconstructing the non-flash picture and then adding the flash effect. The number of bits required for coding flash pictures is thereby significantly reduced.

Abstract: The digital video referencing frame image is compressed block by block by applying lossless compression algorithm to pixel components with full length, or 1 bit, 2 bits, 3 bits or 4 bits LSB bits truncation. If a sub-block has high complexity which results in more than 3 bits error for most pixel components, a transfer algorithm with quantization and VLC coding is applied to compress this sub-block. Should the complexity is higher than a threshold or at least one sub-block having error of more than 3 bits for most pixel components, truncating 1 LSB bit of sub-block with simple pattern to save more bits to be allocate to code the sub-block with highest complex pattern.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an adaptive overlapped block motion compensation apparatus employing adaptive weights including: an RBMC(x,y) calculator for calculating residual signal RBMC(x,y) in block motion estimation; a DN(x,y) calculator for calculating differential pixel value DN(x,y) between a motion compensated block generated by a motion vector of an adjacent block and a currently motion compensated block; a unit for updating and setting additional information for performing an adaptive overlapped block motion compensation based on RBMC(x,y) and DN(x,y); and an adaptive overlapped block motion compensation operating on respective pixels in certain pixel units based on the additional information, progressing to subsequent pixels if an absolute value of RBMC(x,y) is not greater than the additional information, and if the absolute value of RBMC(x,y) is greater than the additional information, calculating an ROBMC(x,y) with an HN(x,y) selectively signed so that an absolute value of ROBMC(x,y) is smaller

Abstract: Functionality is described for forming a summary representation of a video item to help a user decide whether to obtain a full version of the video item. The functionality operates by: (a) receiving a video item; (b) dividing the video item into a plurality of segments; (c) extracting at least one key frame from each of the plurality of segments to form a plurality of key frames; and (d) organizing the video segments into one or more groups corresponding to one or more respective scenes based on the plurality of key frames, to thereby form the representation of the video item. The functionality can be used to communicate search results to a user, to provide a sample of the video item in a message, etc.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise systems and methods for predicting image elements, comprising extracting a low dynamic range (LDR) image value from a received LDR image data; modifying the LDR image value based on prediction data of a received high dynamic range (HDR) image data; and predicting an HDR image element based on the modified LDR image value and an HDR residual image element of the received HDR image data.

Abstract: A method of determining predicted numbers of processor cycles required for respective segments of a media file for playback of the media file, a method of playback of a media file, a method of downloading a media file, a device for playback of a media file and a system for downloading a media file. The method comprising performing a bitstream analysis of the media file to determine a number of non-zero IDCT coefficients of the respective segments, input parameters of an MC task function associated with respective segments, or both; and determining the predicted numbers of processor cycles based on the bitstream analysis.

Abstract: A video encoder having multiple channels each capable of producing an independently controlled encoded output. In one embodiment, the video encoder has circuitry common to all of the channels and separate circuitry for each channel. The common circuitry can include a motion compensator, a transformer, and a local decoder. One or more of the separate circuitry can include a quantizer, a scanner, an encoder, and a buffer. Each channel includes quantization feedback, and one channel output is fed back to the local decoder for use in generating reference pictures. The channels are separately controllable for the characteristics of at least one of quantization, scanning, and encoding.

Abstract: Techniques are described for encoding and decoding digital video data using macroblocks that are larger than the macroblocks prescribed by conventional video encoding and decoding standards. For example, the techniques include encoding and decoding a video stream using macroblocks comprising greater than 16×16 pixels. In one example, an apparatus includes a video encoder configured to encode a coded unit comprising a plurality of video blocks, wherein at least one of the plurality of video blocks comprises a size of more than 16×16 pixels and to generate syntax information for the coded unit that includes a maximum size value, wherein the maximum size value indicates a size of a largest one of the plurality of video blocks in the coded unit. The syntax information may also include a minimum size value. In this manner, the encoder may indicate to a decoder the proper syntax decoder to apply to the coded unit.

Abstract: A system and method for encoding a video is disclosed having a plurality of frames with spatially correspondent macroblocks. The method includes selecting a coding mode for each spatially correspondent macroblock, such as intra-frame coding or inter-frame coding. A weighting value is determined for each pixel in the macroblock based on the coding mode of the macroblock or other indication of the correlation of the pixel to spatially corresponding pixels in one or more other frames. A temporal filter uses the weighting values to filter noise from the plurality of frames and the resulting noise-reduced output is used in a predictive reference frame.

Abstract: Temporal classified filtering encodes image data by applying filters assigned to classes of pixels in a target frame to predict values for the pixels. The pixels are classified based on their associated motion vectors and the motion vectors are used to position the filters on the reference frame. Prediction error values are also calculated. The filters, motion vectors, and prediction errors represent the pixels in the encoded image data. The reference frame may be a past or future frame of the image data, and multiple reference frames of various combinations of past and future frames may be used. The filters for multiple reference frames are three-dimensional comprising a two-dimensional filter for each reference frame. The filters may be pre-determined or generated as the frames are encoded. The image data is recreated by applying the filters to the reference frames and correcting the resulting predictions with the prediction error values.

Abstract: With regard to a subject block including a subject pixel and four adjacent blocks vertically and horizontally adjacent to the subject block, respective motion vectors of these blocks are considered as candidates of a pixel motion vector of the subject pixel. The block motion vectors are actually applied to the subject pixel, and one of the motion vectors that minimizes difference between pixel values of pixels used for inter-field interpolation is selected as the pixel motion vector of the subject pixel.

Abstract: A method of inter prediction encoding of an image, the method including: searching for a first reference block in a reference picture by using a current block, and estimating a first motion vector in a first pel unit in regards to the first reference block; estimating a second motion vector by using pixels included in a pre-encoded area adjacent to the current block, and pixels adjacent to the first reference block, and determining a second reference block based on the second motion vector; and encoding the current block based on the first motion vector and the second reference block.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating predictors performs motion estimation of a target macroblock in a target field against data segments in reference fields. The same motion estimation engine is used to perform various image processing operations to efficiently use resources of the apparatus. Different reference fields are used depending on modes of operation. In a deinterlacing mode, deinterlacing is performed using directional interpolation, recursive motion compensated deinterlacing, and motion adaptive deinterlacing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a multi-bus architecture within a video codec that discretely and efficiently transports video components within the codec. This multi-bus architecture provides a relatively more efficient transport mechanism because the various buses are designed to specifically address unique characteristics of the video components or parameters being processed within the codec.

Abstract: An integer-reversible MDCT transformation is split into consecutive lifting steps, each introducing considerable rounding errors to the signal. Without noise shaping the rounding error noise will impact all frequency bins of the transformed signal equally. This is a particular problem for low signal level frequency bins. The invention limits the impact of rounding error noise coming with each lifting step in the integer-reversible transformation on the data rate of a lossless audio codec. The filter coefficients of an adaptive noise shaping filter for transform coefficients are adapted in individual lifting steps according to the current time domain signal characteristics. As an alternative, an auto-regressive pre-filter can be added in front of the lossless transformation, for raising the level of frequency regions with low power to decrease the dominance of rounding errors in these areas. Both processes can be combined to further improve lossless codec compression ratio.

Abstract: A video encoder identifies one or more portions of a video picture that contain DC shift blocks and adjusts quantization (e.g., by selecting a smaller quantization step size) to reduce contouring artifacts when the picture is reconstructed. The encoder can identify the portion(s) of the picture that contain DC shift blocks by identifying one or more gradient slope regions in the picture and analyzing quantization effects on DC coefficients in the gradient slope region(s). The encoder can select a coarser quantization step size for a high-texture picture portion.