Abstract: An apparatus and associated method are provided for decoding of block wise coded video pictures. Implementing a de-blocking filter algorithm or the like in a single instruction multiple data (SIMD) environment, especially for processors with 128-bit vector registers. Parallelism between the SIMD and the register size fits the macroblock size disclosed in the H.264 and MPEG-4 standards is exploited by using transpositions and transformations of luminance and chrominance macroblocks in vertical de-blocking filter operations.

Abstract: There are provided a system, an apparatus, and a method for suppressing increase in an amount of distribution data when performing content distribution via a network, improving reliability of the data received by a receiver in the distribution through an unstable transmission path such as a wireless transmission path, enabling provision of the content with a stable quality, and realizing the provision of the content with an optimal quality for the reception environment of content receiver, while suppressing an increase in an amount of processing for improving reliability of the distribution data on both of reception side and a transmission side.

Abstract: A video system includes a central processing unit (CPU) and a graphic processing unit (GPU) including a plurality of processors therein. The system also includes a high definition (HD) imager; a serial bus controller coupled to the imager, the CPU and the GPU to communicate data between the HD imager and the CPU or the GPU over a serial bus having a transmit differential signal pair, a receive differential pair and a compatibility differential signal pair for interoperability with another serial bus version; and computer code executable by the processors in the GPU to encode in parallel the video transmitted over the serial bus controller and to minimize high definition encoding workload on the CPU.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed to map a sequence of data to Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) constellation symbols. The method and apparatus encodes only a portion of the sequence of data and leaves a remaining portion of the sequence of data unencoded. The encoded portion of the sequence of data and the remaining unencoded portion of the sequence of data are then mapped into modulation symbols of the QAM constellation. The encoded portion of the sequence of data selects subsets of the QAM constellation, and the remaining unencoded portion of the sequence of data determines a specific modulation symbol within each subset of the QAM constellation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining timing information from an MPEG-2 stream carrying Advanced Video Coding (AVC) content is disclosed. The method includes receiving an initial access unit from the MPEG-2 stream, and determining whether the MPEG-2 stream contains a temporal picture order count (POC) parameter. If the temporal POC parameter is contained in the MPEG-2 stream, the temporal POC parameter is used to compute a presentation time stamp (pts) for a next presentation unit (m).

Abstract: Method and system for removing artifacts, such as blocking noise and contouring effects, from a block-encoded video signal. One method for removing blocking artifacts includes but is not limited to decoding the block-encoded signal to obtain a decoded sequence of video frames and one or more associated motion vectors. By using the motion vector, the location of one or more blocking artifacts may be identified within at least one of the frames. The location identified by the motion vector is filtered to remove at least some of the blocking artifacts. Another method for removing contouring effects comprises decoding the block-encoded signal to obtain a decoded sequence of video frames, detecting a contouring effect by evaluating the macroblock mode and DCT coefficient information from the decoded signal, and filtering one or more blocks correlating to the detected contouring effect.

Abstract: Embodiments of this invention include computer-implemented mathematical methods to develop software and/or hardware implementations that use wavelet transforms (WT) to pre-process video frames that can then be compressed using a variety of codecs to produce compressed video frames. Such compressed video frames can then be transmitted, decompressed, post-processed using the post-processing methods disclosed in the invention and displayed in their original size and quality using software and/or hardware implementations of embodiments of the invention, thereby producing real-time high-quality reproduction of video sequences. Embodiments of devices that can implement the methods of this invention include mainframe computers, desktop computers, personal computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, wireless computers, television sets, set top boxes, cellular telephones, and computer readable media.

Abstract: Techniques for enabling an estimate of a transmitted signal vector, given a received signal vector and a channel matrix to be computed, are provided. An initial solution signal vector for the estimate is calculated, and based on the initial estimate, a pool of possible solutions is generated. Methods described herein may be iterative in nature, and may cycle through possible estimates of the transmitted signal vector so as to continually improve the estimates and the pool of possible estimates. The methods may terminate once stopping criteria are reached. In some example methods, solutions may be marked at taboo and a taboo period can be established that indicates a number of subsequent iterations for which the current solution signal vector cannot be considered.

Abstract: A ZIF direct-conversion OFDM receiver capable of estimating and correcting an I/Q imbalance in a baseband signal. A complex down-conversion is performed on a received signal r(t). The received signal r(t) is divided into an In-phase signal (I) and Quadrature-phase signal (Q). An I/Q imbalance is introduced by the local oscillator such that the I/Q imbalance includes an amplitude imbalance factor (?) and phase imbalance factor (?). The I and Q signals are amplified, filtered and digitized. The digitized I and Q signals are processed via a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). An I/Q compensation algorithm estimates the values of the amplitude imbalance factor (?) and, the phase imbalance factor (?) based on a time expectation calculation. The imbalance factors are applied to the baseband signal to recover the signal of interest x(t). The OFDM receiver outputs the signal of interest x(t) to an information display device.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a communication system and method that overlays signals which are simultaneously mutually orthogonal in both the time and frequency domains, thereby enhancing spectral efficiency. Whereas commonly used sinusoids provide only two mutually orthogonal functions (sine and cosine), certain polynomials provide multiple orthogonal functions, which are also finite in both time and frequency. Using multiple orders of the orthogonal functions allows overlaying signals within a symbol to generate a modulated signal carrying more information than with traditional QAM. Correlating a received signal with locally generated replicas of the orthogonal functions allows demodulation of the signal. This modulation is applicable to twisted pair, cable, fiber, satellite, broadcast and all types of wireless access. The method and system are compatible with many current and future multiple access systems, including EV-DO, UMB, WiMax, WCDMA (with or without MBMS/MIMO), HSPA Evolution, and LTE.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate employing a scrambling code from a set of scrambling codes, which is indexed by primary synchronization codes (PSCs), to scramble or descramble a secondary synchronization code (SSC). The scrambling codes in the set can be designed to optimize peak-to-average power ratios and/or mitigate cross correlation. For example, the scrambling codes can be based on different M-sequences generated from disparate polynomials. In accordance with another example, the scrambling codes can be based on different cyclic shifts of the same M-sequence. According to another example, the scrambling codes can be based upon binary approximations of possible primary synchronization codes utilized in a wireless communication environment. Pursuant to a further example, the scrambling codes can be based on different Golay complementary sequences.

Abstract: A system and method for estimating a channel in a wireless receiver is disclosed. The method preferably applies to a communication system using the OFDM standard. The method comprises receiving a block of “n” transmitted symbols, the symbols including pilot symbols and “d” data symbols, estimating a channel using the pilot symbols to create a channel estimate, choosing a group of “m” strongest symbols from the “d” received symbols, compensating the “m” strongest symbols using the channel estimate to create a group of “m” compensated symbols, re-estimating the channel using the group of “m” compensated symbols and pilot symbols; and either (1) repeating the steps of choosing a group of “m” strongest symbols, compensating the group of “m” strongest symbols and re-estimating the channel, or (2) using a latest channel estimate to compensate all symbols within the block.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method of transmitting and receiving signaling and a corresponding apparatus. One aspect of the present invention relates to a method of receiving a signal, which includes a preamble, where a bandwidth of the preamble is identical with a bandwidth of a tuner of a receiver.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method of transmitting and receiving signals and a corresponding apparatus. One aspect of the present invention relates to a method of receiving a signal, which includes interleaving in an appropriate manner for a channel bonding system. The interleaving can allow decoding a user requested service at a random tuner window position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of transmitting and a method of receiving signals and corresponding apparatus. One aspect of the present invention relates to an efficient L1 signaling method for an efficient transmitter and an efficient receiver using the efficient L1 signaling method for an efficient cable broadcasting.

Abstract: A digital communication system which applies channel coding and QAM modulation, where in QAM, at the transmitter, a number Q of bits is mapped to one QAM symbol, which is transmitted over the channel, at the receiver side, for each QAM symbol, a de-mapping is performed in order to obtain an L-value for each bit which corresponds to the QAM symbol, such that these L-values provide not only an estimation of the transmitted bits but also give information about their reliability.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes logic configured to encode pilot signals in a first set of subcarriers of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (“OFDM”) symbol and in a second set of subcarriers of a consecutive OFDM symbol. The symbol and the consecutive symbol are in the same smart-utility-network packet.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatuses for jointly demodulating data signals are disclosed. In accordance with the method, pilot signals are received from a base station and are processed. In addition, from a set of expected co-scheduled data streams, a subset of the co-scheduled data streams that are actually transmitted by the base station are determined based on the pilot signals. Further, a group of the transmitted co-scheduled data streams are selected from the determined subset. The data signals are received and jointly demodulated by employing the selected group of co-scheduled data streams and by suppressing non-selected data streams from the determined subset.

Abstract: Techniques for efficiently sending channel state information using differential encoding are described. Differential encoding may be performed across space, across frequency, across space and frequency, across space, frequency and time, or across some other combination of dimensions. In one design, spatial state information may be determined for multiple spatial channels on multiple subbands. The spatial channels may correspond to different antennas, different precoding vectors, etc. Channel quality indicator (CQI) values may be obtained for the multiple spatial channels on the multiple subbands. The CQI values may be differentially encoded across the multiple spatial channels and the multiple subbands to obtain differential CQI information. In another design, CQI values may be obtained for multiple spatial channels on the multiple subbands in multiple time intervals and may be differentially encoded across space, frequency and time.

Abstract: A channel estimating method is provided for a signal transmitted in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, wherein an OFDM symbol of the signal has at least one null subcarrier set in its defined bandwidth. The method includes: obtaining at least one initial channel estimate over at least one OFDM symbol of a received signal; processing the at least one initial channel estimate for delivering at least one soft information in a form of a complete matrix; and updating the at least one initial channel estimate by performing a truncated singular value decomposition of a partial FFT matrix. The partial FFT matrix includes only the first LDP columns and the rows NDP of an FFT matrix of the complete matrix, the NDP rows corresponding to modulated subcarriers of received signal, including data and pilot symbols and excluding the at least one null subcarrier, delivering an improved channel estimate.

Abstract: Apparatus, and an associated method, for sending a data block in an OFDM, or other MCM, communication system with reduced PAPR is provided. The data block is combined with a random scrambling sequence. An IDFT operation is performed upon the combined sequence, and its PAPR, peak-to-average power ratio, is calculated. The PAPR is compared against a threshold. If the PAPR is smaller than a threshold, the transformed, combination sequence is transmitted. Otherwise, a different scrambling sequence, if available, is used to form a new combination sequence, and the process iterates until either a PAPR smaller than the threshold is obtained, or a pre-defined maximum number of iterations is reached. If the maximum number of iterations is reached and no combination sequence is created that leads to an acceptable PAPR, then the transformed, combination sequence that exhibits the smallest PAPR level is selected for transmission.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a signal modulation device, a transmission method, and a code generation method. The signal modulation device includes a code storage unit including a plurality of n-bit members and storing a code with a number n or n?1 of different bits between two neighboring members, and a mapper for mapping data on symbols according to the code.

Abstract: A system and method for non-uniform bit allocation in the quantization of channel state vectors is provided. A method for communications node operation includes receiving a bit-allocation profile for use in quantizing channel state information, measuring a communications channel between the communications node and a controller, generating channel state information based on the measurement, computing a bit representation of the channel state information, transmitting the bit representation to the controller, and receiving a transmission from the controller. The computing makes use of quasi-tail-biting trellis decoding, and the computing is based on the bit-allocation policy. The transmission makes use of the channel state information transmitted by the communications node.

Abstract: A base station capable of performing precoding in a wireless communication system is provided. The base station includes a plurality of codebooks and a codebook selector. Each codebook comprises a plurality of composite precoding matrices that are generated based on a corresponding diversity precoding matrix. The codebook selector is operable to select one of the codebooks for use in a communication session with a subscriber station.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of transmitting a reference signal in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes generating a precoded reference signal or a non-precoded reference signal in accordance with a rank, and transmitting the generated reference signal. Uplink transmission using multiple transmit antennas is supported through reference signal design and related control signaling.

Abstract: Briefly, an apparatus and method to transmit data stream by using a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) transmitters receivers system. The MIMO transmitters receivers system may include a coding mode selector to select a coding mode of each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sub-carrier symbol of a first and second sub-carriers of a data stream according to a feedback data packet having coding information of the OFDM subcarrier symbol. The coding mode may be selected from a diversity coding mode and a multiplexing coding mode.

Abstract: A transmitter for reducing time selectivity and/or frequency selectivity in a wireless communication system includes a plurality of transmit antennas, a phase shifter which is disposed for each transmit antenna and is configured to shift a phase of data transmitted through the transmit antenna by a phase shift value, and a channel selectivity processor configured to obtain the phase shift value by using a channel phase value fed back from a receiver.

Abstract: A data transmission method, a communications system and related apparatuses are disclosed. The data transmission method includes the following steps: a transmitter obtains channel information corresponding to channels between the transmitter and several receivers; the transmitter obtains a control vector corresponding to a receiver according to the channel information; the transmitter modulates data to be transmitted by means of one-dimensional modulation to obtain modulated symbols; the transmitter processes the modulated symbols and the control vector to obtain transmitted data of each antenna; the transmitter transmits the transmitted data to the receiver; the receiver receives the transmitted data in a predetermined spatial direction of received symbol. The present invention also discloses a communications system and related apparatuses.

Abstract: A multiple antenna communication method and a multiple antenna communication system are provided. The multiple antenna communication method includes: determining a weighting vector with respect to a plurality of transmit antennas, using a spread spectrum code; determining a target transmission rate of each of the transmit antennas using the determined weighting vector; transmitting information associated with the target transmission rate to a multiple antenna reception apparatus; receiving, from the multiple antenna reception apparatus, channel information including information regarding whether to accept the transmitted target transmission rate information; and transmitting data to the multiple antenna reception apparatus using the received channel information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of transmitting a multi-carrier signal intended to be used by a system with Nt transmit antennas, where Nt is greater than or equal to two, and Nr receive antennas, where Nr is greater than or equal to one, of the type using OFDM/OQAM modulation and distributing symbols before transmission in a time-frequency plane, in which method the symbols are distributed over blocks of particular size nt.nf where nt?3 and nf?3. The method comprises real type space-time block coding by a space-time coder of blocks using a coding matrix of particular size Nt×N and of particular efficiency Nc/N to generate Nt coded sequences of N blocks of symbols of an input sequence of Nc blocks of symbols.

Abstract: Techniques for performing rank-dependent precoding for a Mulitple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission are described. Each rank may be associated with a set of at least one precoding vector or matrix that can provide good performance for that rank. A transmitter may obtain a precoding vector for a rank-1 transmission from a first set containing at least one column vector of a unitary matrix, e.g., a Fourier matrix. The transmitter may perform precoding for the rank-1 transmission based on the precoding vector. The transmitter may obtain a precoding matrix for a rank-2 transmission from a second set containing an identity matrix. The transmitter may perform precoding for the rank-2 transmission based on the precoding matrix. For the rank-2 transmission, the transmitter may select the identity matrix as the precoding matrix if a MIMO channel resembles a diagonal channel (which may be determined based on antenna configurations) and may select the unitary matrix otherwise.

Abstract: A differential encoding and decoding system and method for multiplexed data is disclosed. The multiplexed data is formed from a plurality of input data sources. The differential encoding and decoding uses a delay proportional to the number of input data streams in the plurality. In this fashion, errors that propagate from an error in one of the input data sources does not interfere with other input data sources upon de-multiplexing.

Abstract: A plurality of substantially static input parameters are provided, and a plurality of signalled input parameters are also provided. From the substantially static input parameters and the plurality of signaled input parameters, an output parameter is determined that is indicative of a number of control symbols per transmission time interval for an amount of control signaling bits. The output parameter relates to a modulation and coding scheme for an uplink.

Abstract: A system and method for transmitting seamless wireless data in real time are disclosed. The system includes a transmission device for transmitting wireless data to a reception device in real time. The transmission device includes a packet transmission unit, a communication efficiency detection unit, and a transmission cycle adjustment unit. The packet transmission unit transmits a data packet to the reception device. The communication efficiency detection unit detects communication efficiency of the packet transmission. The transmission cycle adjustment unit adjusts a cycle of the packet transmission according to the detected communication efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single modulator capable of transmitting an input according to a first and a second modulation technique. The first modulation technique represents changes in the input using a first set of carrier waveform parameters, such as phase variations, whereas the second modulation technique represents changes in the input using a second set of carrier waveform parameters, such as alternative phase variations. The present invention performs both modulation techniques by expressing the 10 second set of carrier waveform parameters as a subset of the first set of carrier waveform parameters. In a preferred embodiment, the first and second modulation techniques comprise the ?/2-offset 2PSK (a good approximation of differential GMSK) and 3?/8-offset 8PSK (also known as EDGE) modulation techniques.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate performing antenna virtualization in a wireless communication environment. A set of physical transmit antennas can be partitioned into a plurality of groups of physical transmit antennas. Further, a precoding vector for a particular group of physical transmit antennas from the plurality of groups of physical transmit antennas can be formulated. Moreover, the particular group of physical transmit antennas can form a particular virtual antenna. By way of another example, a disparate precoding vector for a disparate group of physical transmit antennas from the plurality of groups of physical transmit antennas can be formulated, and the disparate group of physical transmit antennas can form a disparate virtual antenna. The precoding vector can be applied to a signal for transmission over the particular virtual antenna, and the disparate precoding vector can be applied to a disparate signal for transmission over the disparate virtual antenna.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bits-to-symbol mapping method of 4+12+16 amplitude phase shift keying (APSK) having excellent performance against the non-linearity of a high power amplifier. According to the present invention A bits-to-symbol mapping method of 4+12+16 APSK modulation, comprising: representing 32 symbols of the 4+12+16 APSK modulation by a polar coordinate and arranging the 32 symbols by a size of ? while giving priority to a symbol having a small signal size when the size of ? of two or more symbols are same; grouping the arranged 32 symbols into 4 groups according to quadrant regions where the symbols are located; and allocating bits so that the same bits are allocated to the symbols belonging to the same region for each region with respect to each of the first to fifth bits of the symbols grouped into four regions.

Abstract: A transmitter includes an encoding module, an adaptive hierarchical signal mapping module and a transceiver module. The encoding module receives an input signal and encodes the input signal. The input signal includes data to be transmitted. The adaptive hierarchical signal mapping module modulates the encoded signal according to one or more hierarchical level distance ratios to obtain modulated symbols. The hierarchical level distance ratio defines distances between the modulated symbols. The transceiver module generates a radio frequency signal according to the modulated symbols and transmits the radio frequency signal to an air interface.

Abstract: A pulse response for a receiver, as an array PR, is found from the receiver's symbol stream. For a continuous stream of arbitrary data, a value of the array PR[k] can be determined from the signal levels of the symbols received. The stream of received data is input to a FIFO. Between the first and last locations of the FIFO is the symbol referred to herein as Dn. Symbols located in the FIFO before Dn are referred to as Dn?x. Symbols located in the FIFO after Dn are referred to as Dn+x. Dn differs from the other FIFO symbols in that its signal level can be measured with an adjustable error slicer. The ISI effect of any Dn?k upon Dn can be measured, and thus any PR[k] measured, by measuring the average signal level of Dn when only certain types of data streams occur in the FIFO.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for calibrating the IQ-imbalance in a low-IF receiver. A Test Signal can be generated in a mirror frequency and conveyed to the receiver. The power of the signal produced in the receiver from the conveyed Test Signal can be measured. In the absence of an IQ-imbalance, the Test Signal can be completely eliminated in the receiver and the corresponding measured power of the produced signal can be minimized. Accordingly, a two dimensional algorithm is described for calibrating a receiver and correcting the IQ-imbalance by adjusting the phase and gain difference between the I and Q channels in the receiver based on the measured power of the signal produced in the receiver.

Abstract: In a wireless system including a wireless communication channel, a method for estimating a signal quality of a received signal includes the steps of receiving a signal from the wireless communication channel, the received signal including at least one field that is modulated and encoded in a substantially fixed manner, and generating at least one reference field based, at least in part, on the at least one field and on a channel estimation signal. The channel estimation signal is representative of at least one characteristic of the wireless communication channel. The method further includes the step of generating a signal quality estimate as a function of the at least one field in the received signal and the generated at least one reference field.

Abstract: A method of processing first and second corresponding signals having a delay therebetween. The method includes introducing a plurality of different delays between the first and second signals, successive delay amounts differing from each other by less than the interval between chip boundaries, and for each introduced delay, summing samples of the second signal which are obtained at the times of, at least, chip boundaries between bits of the first signal which have the same state, to obtain a value; thereby to obtain a representation of how the value varies according to the introduced delay, which representation contains a level change associated with an introduced delay which bears a predetermined relationship to the delay between the first and second signals.

Abstract: The channel estimator includes a plurality of correlating sections configured to calculate a plurality of time correlation values between the signal and a plurality of known pattern signals having different code lengths, an analyzing section configured to output a control signal representing a selected period for extracting a preferable correlation output from the output from each of the plurality of correlating sections, and a delay profile generating section configured to output a delay profile obtained by adaptively selecting or combining parts of the outputs from the plurality of correlating sections based on the output from the analyzing section.

Abstract: Soft bit values are generated for received symbols transmitted based on a modulation constellation by demodulating the received symbols via a sequence of demodulation stages, each demodulation stage producing a symbol decision based on an effective constellation. Each effective constellation used by a non-final one of the demodulation stages includes subsets of centroids approximating a region of the modulation constellation. Adjacent ones of the subsets have one or more common points so that at least two adjacent subsets overlap. The soft bit values for the symbol decisions are determined based on detection metrics computed during demodulation for the points included in the effective constellation constructed incrementally over the sequence of demodulation stages, the effective constellation produced by the final demodulation stage being devoid of one or more points included in the modulation constellation.

Abstract: An improved encoding and decoding method for the transmission and estimation of multiple simultaneous channels, thereby solving the problem of shortening the time required to measure the attenuation, absorption or distortion of signals passing through a predetermined medium.

Abstract: A receiver is provided to receive a secondary bitstream which is transmitted by a secondary signal together with a primary signal. The receiver includes a down-converter configured to convert an input signal containing the primary and secondary signals, to a baseband complex symbol stream, A first processing unit processes the baseband complex symbol stream and provides a primary bitstream transmitted by the primary signal or a decoded primary log-likelihood ratio stream. A symbol reconstructing unit is configured to process the primary bitstream or the decoded primary log-likelihood ratio stream and to provide a reconstructed primary symbol stream. A subtraction unit is configured to provide a difference symbol stream by substracting the baseband complex symbol stream and the reconstructed primary symbol stream from each other. A second processing unit is provided to process the difference symbol stream and to provide the secondary bitstream transmitted by the secondary signal.

Abstract: A receiver that receives an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal obtained by modulating a common packet sequence and data packet sequence. The common packet sequence is made up of packets common to a plurality of streams. The data packet sequence is made up of packets specific to one of the plurality of streams. The receiver sorts the common packet sequence, obtained by demodulating the received OFDM signal, in the time domain, and sorts the data packet sequence, obtained by demodulating the received OFDM signal, in the time domain. The receiver then switches the output for error correction from the one sorting over to the other sorting if, while the one sorting supplies its output to the error correction, the other sorting completes its input of a predetermined unit of information to be processed.

Abstract: A method of detecting received data in a communication system includes the steps of: performing a QR decomposition on a received input vector as a function of one or more characteristics of a communication channel over which the input vector was transmitted; generating a subset of best symbol candidates from a symbol constellation by comparing an input sample (corresponding to an element of the input vector) with one or more prescribed thresholds; identifying at least one symbol satisfying prescribed minimum Euclidian distance criteria among multiple ambiguity symbols in the subset of best symbol candidates; and generating a subset of best symbols including a prescribed number of symbols from the symbol constellation determined to be closest to the input sample. The subset of best symbols is used in a subsequent iteration of the steps of generating the subset of best symbol candidates and identifying at least one symbol satisfying the prescribed minimum Euclidian distance criteria.

Abstract: A decoding method for determining a preferred survivor path in a decoding process is provided. The method includes calculating a first determination value of a first survivor path at a first time point, the first determination value being determined by a first sub determination value and a second determination value at a second time point, and the second time point being prior to the first time point; calculating a third determination value of a second survivor path at the first time point, the third determination value being determined by a second sub determination value and a fourth determination value at the second time point; and when a difference between the first determination value and the third determination value is equal to or less than a predetermined value, determining the preferred survivor path at the first time point according to the second and the fourth determination values, or the first and the second sub determination values.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a receiving apparatus for receiving signals in a communication system in which the signals are transmitted on the basis of frames. Each frame includes a data part having data blocks, wherein the data blocks are respectively separated by a guard sequence. The receiving apparatus performs a correlation on the guard sequences of a received signal and performs a clock drift estimation in the frequency domain on the basis of the correlation results. The receiving apparatus also compensates the clock drift of the received signal on the basis of the clock drift estimation.