Abstract: A battery unit includes a battery assembly. The battery assembly includes a glass ceramic and a positive-side active material constituting a first composite layer, a glass ceramic and a negative-side active material constituting a second composite layer, and a solid-state electrolyte layer located between the first composite layer and the second composite layer. The battery unit also includes a case in which the battery unit is stored, a load sensor provided on the case, and a clamp member clamping the case and the load sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery. The present invention provides the lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The negative electrode includes a water-dispersible binder and a conduction agent. The non-aqueous electrolyte solution includes fluoroethylenecarbonate (FEC). The batteries of the present invention are advantageous in that they have a high efficiency charging lifespan characteristic and enable high capacity charging in a short time.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing magnesium ions which shows excellent electrochemical characteristics and which can be manufactured in a general manufacturing environment such as a dry room, and an electrochemical device using the same are provided. A Mg battery has a positive-electrode can 1, a positive-electrode pellet 2 made of a positive-electrode active material or the like, a positive electrode 11 composed of a metallic net supporting body 3, a negative-electrode cup 4, a negative electrode 12 made of a negative-electrode active material 5, and a separator 6 impregnated with an electrolytic solution 7 and disposed between the positive-electrode pellet and the negative-electrode active material.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell catalyst having a catalyst surface bearing a non-occluding layer of iridium. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell catalyst comprising a catalyst surface bearing a sub-monolayer of iridium. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell catalyst comprising a catalyst surface bearing a layer of iridium having a planar equivalent thickness of between 1 and 100 Angstroms. In some embodiments, the fuel cell catalyst comprises nanostructured elements comprising microstructured support whiskers bearing a thin film of nanoscopic catalyst particles. The layer of iridium typically has a planar equivalent thickness of between 1 and 100 Angstroms and more typically between 5 and 60 Angstroms. The fuel cell catalyst typically comprises no electrically conductive carbon material and typically comprises at least a portion of the iridium in the zero oxidation state.

Abstract: The present invention concerns bio-nano power cells and methods of their manufacture and use. More particularly, the present invention relates to the preparation of bio-nano power cells that are biocompatible and capable of producing flash, intermittent, or continuous power by electrolyzing compounds in biological systems.

Abstract: Provided is a battery which can prevent deactivation from occurring by avoiding solid deposition at electrodes. The battery includes an anion conductor, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a first aqueous liquid electrolyte layer and a second aqueous liquid electrolyte layer, wherein the first aqueous liquid electrolyte layer and the positive electrode are present in this sequence on a first surface of the anion conductor, and the second aqueous liquid electrolyte layer and the negative electrode are present in this sequence on a second surface of the anion conductor, and wherein the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material which can release a metal ion upon discharging.

Abstract: A device to produce electricity by a chemical reaction without the addition of liquid electrolyte comprises an anode electrode, a polymer membrane electrolyte fabricated to conduct hydroxyl (OH—) ions, the membrane being in physical contact with the anode electrode on a first side of the membrane, and a cathode electrode in physical contact with a second side of the membrane. The anode electrode and cathode electrode contain catalysts, and the catalysts are constructed substantially entirely from non-precious metal catalysts. Water may be transferred to the cathode side of the membrane from an external source of water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reversible solid oxide electrochemical cell that may operate in two modes: a discharge mode (power generation) and a charge mode (electrolytic fuel production). A thermal system that utilizes a SOFB and is inclusive of selection of operating conditions that may enable roundtrip efficiencies exceeding about 80% to be realized is disclosed. Based on leverage of existing solid oxide fuel cell technology, the system concept is applicable to energy storage applications on the kW to MW scale.

Abstract: A fuel cell system (101) comprising a fuel cell (120) and a reaction container (103), wherein the fuel cell (120) comprises a fuel electrode (121), an air electrode (122) and an electrolyte film (123) and the reaction container (103) comprises a hydrogen storage material (106) and a heater (114) and can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell (120), and wherein a water flow path (109) for supplying water produced in the air electrode (122) to the reaction container (103) is provided.

Abstract: A fuel cell is provided which can control an optimum fuel concentration according to an output without a sensor for measuring the fuel concentration. The fuel cell uses a liquid organic compound for fuel and includes a membrane-electrode assembly, a passage for allowing fuel or oxidant to flow, a fuel supply unit for supplying the fuel to the fuel cell and intermittently or periodically changing a rate of fuel supply, and a computation processor for measuring a signal of a voltage or an output of the fuel cell, computing the rate of the fuel supply and the signal, and correcting the rate of the fuel supply. In the fuel cell, the optimum fuel concentration can be easily controlled according to the output by periodically varying the fuel concentration from a reference fuel concentration, measuring a voltage or an output and a variation range of the voltage or the output, and then determining whether the reference fuel concentration is appropriate or not.

Abstract: A process is provided for operating a fuel cell system (1), especially in a motor vehicle, wherein the fuel cell system (1) includes at least one reformer (2) and at least one fuel cell (3). To prolong the service life of the system (1), a warm-holding mode is carried out after switching off the fuel cell system (1). During the warm-holding mode an educt containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is fed to the reformer (2) and reacted with air in reformer (2) at a catalyst (5) of reformer (2) in an exothermal reaction.

Abstract: A cooling system is provided.

Abstract: A device for minimizing a buoyancy driven convective flow inside a manifold of a fuel cell stack includes a plurality of spaced apart baffle walls. The spaced apart baffle walls are configured to be disposed inside the manifold of the fuel cell stack. The spaced apart baffle walls increase a viscous resistance to the buoyancy driven convective flow inside the manifold.

Abstract: A modular fuel cell system is provided, especially for use in vehicles, with a fuel cell module, which has a stack of a plurality fuel cell elements between a first end plate and a second end plate, with a burner-heat exchanger module, which has a heat exchanger for preheating cathode gas and a burner for reacting fuel cell waste gases. Manufacturing advantages are provided with the first end plate has, on a connection side facing away from the stack, an anode gas inlet opening, a cathode gas inlet opening, an anode waste gas outlet opening and a cathode waste gas outlet opening and if the burner-heat exchanger module has an anode gas outlet opening communicatingly connected to the an anode gas inlet opening, an cathode gas outlet opening communicatingly connected to the an cathode gas inlet opening, an anode waste gas inlet opening communicatingly connected to the an anode waste gas outlet opening and an cathode waste gas inlet opening communicatingly connected to the an cathode waste gas outlet opening.

Abstract: In a solid polymer electrolyte membrane [film] type fuel cell of the invention, where a pair of electrodes are provided on opposite sides of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane [film], and the outside thereof is clamped by a pair of separators, and nonconductive picture frame-shaped members 61 are arranged at the outer edge portions of the separators, for allowing increase and decrease of a space between separators, while sealing a gap between the separators.

Abstract: A fuel cell roll good subassembly is described that includes a plurality of individual electrolyte membranes. One or more first subgaskets are attached to the individual electrolyte membranes. Each of the first subgaskets has at least one aperture and the first subgaskets are arranged so the center regions of the individual electrolyte membranes are exposed through the apertures of the first subgaskets. A second subgasket comprises a web having a plurality of apertures. The second subgasket web is attached to the one or more first subgaskets so the center regions of the individual electrolyte membranes are exposed through the apertures of the second subgasket web. The second subgasket web may have little or no adhesive on the subgasket surface facing the electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: The invention provides catalysts which are not corroded in acidic electrolytes or at high potential and have excellent durability and high oxygen reducing ability. The catalysts include a niobium-containing oxycarbonitride having I2/(I1+I2) of not less than 0.25 wherein I1 is the maximum X-ray diffraction intensity at diffraction angles 2? of 25.45 to 25.65 degrees and I2 is the maximum X-ray diffraction intensity at diffraction angles 2?=2? of 25.65 to 26.0 degrees according to X-ray powder diffractometry (Cu—K? radiation).

Abstract: A fuel cartridge includes a container having an outlet port section, and a liquid fuel provided in the container. The liquid fuel contains a cationic impurity excluding H+. The concentration of the cationic impurity falls within a range of 1×10?7 to 6×10?6 equivalent/L at the outlet port section.

Abstract: The electrode for a fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode substrate and a catalyst layer disposed on the electrode substrate, the catalyst layer including metal nanoparticles, a binder and a catalyst. The metal nanoparticles in the catalyst layer improve electrical conductivity, and also have catalyst activity to implement a catalytic synergetic effect so as to provide a high power fuel cell.

Abstract: Novel cathode, electrolyte and oxygen separation materials are disclosed that operate at intermediate temperatures for use in solid oxide fuel cells and ion transport membranes based on oxides with perovskite related structures and an ordered arrangement of A site cations. The materials have significantly faster oxygen kinetics than in corresponding disordered perovskites.

Abstract: A first layered article (14a) in which a first electrolyte membrane (12a) and an anode-side catalyst layer (13a) are laminated, and a second layered article (14b) in which a second electrolyte membrane (12b) and a cathode-side catalyst layer (13b) are laminated, are formed. Then, the first layered article (14a) and the second layered article (14b) are disposed so that the electrolyte membrane-side surfaces of the two articles face each other. A reinforcement frame (20) is then disposed between the two articles. The whole layered assembly in this state is thermocompression-bonded. Thus, a membrane-electrode assembly (15) in which the reinforcement frame (20) is embedded within an electrolyte membrane (15) that is formed by the fusion of first electrolyte membrane (12a) and the second electrolyte membrane (12b) is obtained.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is disclosed, wherein during the physical design process, a curvilinear path is designed to represent an interconnecting wire on the fabricated semiconductor device. A method for fracturing or mask data preparation (MDP) is also disclosed in which a manhattan path which is part of the physical design of an integrated circuit is modified to create a curvilinear pattern, and where a set of charged particle beam shots is generated, where the set of shots is capable of forming the curvilinear pattern on a resist-coated surface.

Abstract: A first reticle set designed for manufacturing dies with a limited number of cores is modified into a second reticle set suitable for manufacturing at least some dies with at least twice as many cores. The first reticle set defines scribe lines to separate the originally defined dies. At least one scribe line is removed from pairs of adjacent but originally distinctly defined dies. Inter-core communication wires are defined to connect the adjacent cores, which are configured to enable the adjacent cores to communicate during operation without connecting to any physical input/output landing pads of the resulting more numerously cored die, which will not carry signals through the inter-core communication wires off the P-core die. The inter-core communication wires may be used for power management coordination purposes or to bypass the external processor bus.

Abstract: Provided is a mask blank which enables EB defect correction to be suitably applied and which further enables a reduction in the thickness of a light-shielding film. A mask blank 10 is used for producing a transfer mask adapted to be applied with ArF exposure light and has a light-shielding film 2 on a transparent substrate 1. The light-shielding film 2 is composed mainly of a material containing a transition metal, silicon, and at least one or more elements selected from oxygen and nitrogen. An etching rate of the light-shielding film by a fluorine-containing substance in a state of not being irradiated with charged particles is low enough to at least ensure etching selectivity with respect to an etching rate of the light-shielding film by the fluorine-containing substance in a state of being irradiated with the charged particles.

Abstract: Methods are provided for fabricating a semiconductor device. One method comprises providing a first pattern having a first polygon, the first polygon having a first tonality and having a first side and a second side, the first side adjacent to a second polygon having a second tonality, and the second side adjacent to a third polygon having the second tonality, and forming a second pattern by reversing the tonality of the first pattern. The method further comprises forming a third pattern from the second pattern by converting the second polygon from the first tonality to the second tonality forming a fourth pattern from the second pattern by converting the third polygon from the first tonality to the second tonality forming a fifth pattern by reversing the tonality of the third pattern, and forming a sixth pattern by reversing the tonality of the fourth pattern.

Abstract: The present invention provides a colored curable composition including a phthalocyanine pigment, a dioxazine pigment, a dye, a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound and a solvent; and a colored curable composition including a phthalocyanine pigment, a dye multimer having a polymerizable group and a group derived from a dipyrromethene dye, a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable compound and a solvent.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate, a photosensitive layer, and a cured protection layer, wherein the cured protection layer comprises a cured material of a tri- or more functional radical polymerizable compound and a filler exposed from the surface of the cured protection layer which comprises a bump along the surface of the filler, and wherein the cured protection layer has a thickness (T) larger than a diameter (2r) of the filler therein and the following relationships (a) is satisfied: (the number of the fillers present to a depth of T/2 from a free surface of the cured protection layer/the total number of the fillers in the cured protection layer)×100?7%??(a).

Abstract: Disclosed is an decolorizable electrophotographic toner, containing a binder resin, an electron-donating color-developable agent, and a wax having a color-developing action and having an acid value of 60 mgKOH/g or more.

Abstract: A carrier for developing electrostatic latent image, including a core material; and a coated layer covering the core material, including a binder resin and a particulate material, wherein the core material is exposed on the surface of the carrier at an areal ratio of from 0.1 to 5.0% and has the largest exposed part having an areal ratio not greater than 0.03%, and wherein the coated layer comprises the particulate material in an amount of from 100 to 500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.

Abstract: An aromatic ring-containing compound for a resist underlayer and a resist underlayer composition, the aromatic ring-containing compound being represented by the following Chemical Formula 1: wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, R1 to R6 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C20 aromatic ring group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2 to C20 heteroaryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2 to C20 heterocycloalkyl group, X1 to X6 are each independently hydrogen, a hydroxy group (—OH), a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl amine group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, or an amino group (—NH2), n1 to n6 are each independently 0 or 1, and 1?n1+n2+n3+n4+n5+n6?6.

Abstract: An actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition comprising (A) a guanidine compound having a logP value of 1.2 or more, and (B) a compound capable of generating an acid upon irradiation with an actinic ray or radiation.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor includes: a support; and an image-recording layer containing (A) a polymerization initiator, (B) a sensitizing dye and (C) a polymerizable compound, and the image-recording layer or an undercoat layer which is optionally provided between the support and the image-recording layer comprises (D) a polymer compound comprising (a1) a repeating unit having a side chain having a structure represented by the following formula (a1-1) and (a2) a repeating unit having a side chain having at least one structure of the formulae (a2-1), (a2-2), (a2-3), (a2-4), (a2-5) and (a2-6) as defined herein.

Abstract: A resist pattern forming method including in the following order, (1) a step of forming a film by using a negative chemical-amplification resist composition capable of undergoing negative conversion by a crosslinking reaction, (2) a step of exposing the film, and (4) a step of developing the exposed film by using a developer containing an organic solvent; a developer and a negative chemical-amplification resist composition used therefor; and a resist pattern formed by the pattern forming method.

Abstract: Negative-Working Lithographic Printing Plate Precursors can be provided with desired contrast coloration after imaging using a coloring fluid that includes a water-insoluble colorant that is soluble in a water-insoluble fatty alcohol. The coloring fluid provides an optical density change in the exposed regions of at least OD2 that is greater than the original optical density of those regions, OD1. The coloring fluid can be applied immediately after imaging and before processing, or it can be applied as part of the developer or processing solution, or it can be applied after processing. The coloring fluid can also be applied to imaged precursors that are designed for either off-press or on-press development.

Abstract: A process for making a relief printing plate is provided, the process including a layer formation step of forming a relief-forming layer from a resin composition containing (Component A) a compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group and/or a silanol group and (Component B) a conjugated diene monomer unit-containing polymer, and at least either further containing (Component C) a vulcanizing agent having a sulfur atom or Component A above being a compound further having a sulfur atom, a crosslinking step of thermally crosslinking the relief-forming layer to thus obtain a relief printing starting plate having a crosslinked relief-forming layer, and an engraving step of laser-engraving the relief printing starting plate having a crosslinked relief-forming layer to thus form a relief layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a magnetic recording medium comprising at least a recording layer and a protective film provided on top of a non-magnetic substrate, the method comprising, in the following order, forming a continuous recording layer on the substrate, forming a patterned resist layer, partially removing the recording layer based on a resist pattern, applying an organosilicon compound having an active energy beam-curable functional group onto the recording layer and regions from which the recording layer has been removed, curing the organosilicon compound with an active energy beam, etching the organosilicon compound to expose a magnetic layer, and forming a protective film.

Abstract: A method of forming an image having multiple phases is disclosed herein. The method includes forming exposed and unexposed areas, the exposed areas comprising a first polymer network exhibiting first and second phases that are chemically connected and have different refractive indices, the first phase being continuous, and the second phase comprising a plurality of structures dispersed within the first phase, and the unexposed areas comprising a second polymer network comprising third and fourth phases that are chemically connected and have different refractive indices, the third phase being continuous, and the fourth phase comprising a plurality of structures dispersed within the third phase. The first and second polymer networks are chemically connected, and morphology formed by the first and second phases is different than that formed by the third and fourth phases.

Abstract: A color photographic element has a reflective support and a blue light sensitive color record, a green light sensitive color record, and a red light sensitive color record and can be used to provide color photographic prints. The element also has a non-light sensitive layer over the red light sensitive color record. This non-light sensitive layer has (1) a hydrophilic colloid in an amount of at least 200 mg/m2 to and including 2,000 mg/m2, (2) matte particles, and (3) an acrylate latex polymer having latex particles having an average size of less than 1 ?m and a glass transition temperature of at least 70° C. The dry weight ratio of the acrylate latex polymer to the hydrophilic colloid is at least 0.8:1 and the dry weight ratio of the acrylate latex polymer to the total matte particles is at least 15:1.

Abstract: A pattern forming method, including: (A) coating a substrate with a positive resist composition of which solubility in a positive developer increases and solubility in a negative developer decreases upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation, so as to form a resist film; (B) exposing the resist film; and (D) developing the resist film with a negative developer; a positive resist composition for multiple development used in the method; a developer for use in the method; and a rinsing solution for negative development used in the method.

Abstract: The current invention provides a new organ preservation solution, suitable for machine perfusion, for maintaining viability of organs, parts of organs and tissues. This solution has been designed to overcome a number of problems associated with hypothermic machine perfusion of donor organs, in particular organs obtained from non-heart-beating donors. The solution prevents or minimizes the adverse affects caused by ischemia, hypoxia, energy and nutrient depletion, acidification, hypothermia and reperfusion injury. The preservation solutions according to the current invention are superior to current state of the art preservation solutions, in particular for preservation and perfusion of organs obtained from non-heart-bearing donors, by supplying increased concentrations and an optimized balance of amino acids, vitamins, anti-oxidants, high molecular weight additives and enhanced buffering capacity.

Abstract: A liquid plasma expander or resuscitation fluid composition for use in a subject in need thereof, comprising, consisting of, or consisting essentially of: (a) a keratin derivative (preferably alpha keratose, gamma keratose, or combinations thereof, and with basic alpha keratose preferred over acidic alpha keratose); and (b) an electrolyte solution, with the keratin derivative solubilized in the electrolyte solution to form a homogeneous liquid composition. Blood substitutes formed therefrom and methods of making and using the same are also described.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to the monitoring and treatment of lung transplant recipients. In particular, the invention pertains to the use of biomarkers to predict or detect post-lung transplantation complications (e.g., organ rejection, acute organ rejection, organ injury, bronchiolitis obliterans, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, organizing pneumonia), fibroproliferative repair responses, interstitial lung diseases (e.g., idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic lung diseases), and other immune-mediated lung diseases (e.g., graft versus host disease, scleroderma).

Abstract: A method of determining antimicrobial activity of an agent can include providing a well, wherein the well contains at least one antimicrobial agent, the well further including at least two electrodes. A sample of a microbe can be added into the well and a voltage pulsed between the electrodes. An electrical property can be sampled and recorded. In another aspect, a method of identifying at least one microbe includes taking a sample containing the at least one microbe, isolating the at least one microbe from the sample, dividing the at least one microbe into a at least one well, wherein each well contains at least one antimicrobial agent and at least two electrodes. A voltage is pulsed between the at least two electrodes, an electrical property is sampled during the pulsing and recorded. In another aspect, a diagnostic device for detecting at least one microbe is presented.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the use of an envelope polypeptide or a functional variant thereof from a lentivirus that is not HIV-1 as a molecular scaffold for HIV-1 epitopes. The HIV-1 epitopes can be recognized by HIV-1 binding antibodies, HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies and/or CD4-induced antibodies. Thus, methods are provided for detecting HIV-1 binding antibodies in a subject infected with HTV-1. Further provided are methods to determine an epitope for an HIV-1 binding antibody; methods to assay for an HIV-1 binding antibody; methods to identify a soluble CD4 mimic; methods to neutralize an non-HIV-1 virus; diagnostic assays to monitor HIV disease in a subject or to monitor the subject's response to immunization by a HIV vaccine; and methods to alter the neutralization potential of an HIV-1 derived CD4-induced antibody. Chimeric polypeptides, chimeric polynucleotides, kits, cells and viruses are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the V617F variant of the protein-tyrosine kinase JAK2, said variant being responsible for Vaquez Polyglobulia. The invention also relates to a first intention diagnostic method for erythrocytosis and thrombocytosis allowing their association with myeloproliferative disorders, or to the detection of the JAK2 V617F variant in myeloproliferative disorders allowing their reclassification in a new nosological group.

Abstract: The invention is a novel MECP2E1 splice variant and its corresponding polypeptide. The invention also includes methods of using these nucleic acid sequences and proteins in medical diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders or development disorders.

Abstract: Ecdysteroid action in Drosophila melanogaster and other insects is mediated by the dimerization of two nuclear receptors, the ecdysone receptor (EcR) and Ultraspiracle (USP), which regulate the transcription of target genes. Disclosed are nucleic acid constructs to identify insecticides having the ability to modify insect development and growth in a developmental stage-specific and/or species-specific manner.

Abstract: A method is provided in which with respect to an optical detection apparatus including an optical detection unit and a temperature control unit, whether optical signal detection and temperature control are performed accurately, i.e. the performance thereof, can be verified simply with high reliability. With respect to an optical detection apparatus including an optical detection unit for detecting an optical signal of a sample and a temperature control unit for controlling temperature of the sample, the optical signal detection performance and temperature control performance are verified by the following method. First, a standard sample containing a nucleic acid sequence and a strand complementary thereto that have a known optical signal intensity and Tm value is provided, the temperature of the standard sample is increased or decreased with the temperature control unit, and optical signal intensity of the standard sample is measured with the detection unit.

Abstract: The methods and apparatus of the present invention allow the evaluation of inflammation of the esophagus. Measurements may be utilized, for example, to diagnose a disease of the esophagus, to monitor inflammation of the esophagus, or to access the treatment of a disease of the esophagus. In one embodiment, the invention comprises a method for measuring esophageal inflammation comprising deploying a device into the esophagus of a subject, removing the device after a predetermined period of time, analyzing the device for a diagnostic indicator of esophageal inflammation and evaluating the diagnostic indicator to diagnose esophageal inflammation.

Abstract: Signatures indicative of cancer grades are based on over- and under-expression of 214 genes that characterize expression patterns in CD133+ cells.