Abstract: A layered micro-electronic and/or micro-mechanic structure comprises at least three alternating electrically conductive layers with insulating layers between the conductive layers. There is also provided a via in a first outer layer, said via comprising an insulated conductive connection made of wafer native material through the layer, an electrically conductive plug extending through the other layers and into said via in the first outer layer in order to provide conductivity through the layers, and an insulating enclosure surrounding said conductive plug in at least one selected layer of said other layers for insulating said plug from the material in said selected layer. It also relates to micro-electronic and/or micro- mechanic device comprising a movable member provided above a cavity such that it is movable in at least one direction. The device has a layered structure according to the invention. Methods of making such a layered MEMS structure is also provided.

Abstract: An optical switching assembly having an optical path therethrough includes an optical element, a base frame, an optical support that supports the optical element and is pivotably mounted to the base frame, and a linkage. The linkage interconnects the base frame and the optical support to effect movement of the optical support between an aligned position where the optical element is in the optical path and a non-aligned position removed from the aligned position. The linkage has two over-center positions that respectively correspond to the aligned position and the non-aligned position. No additional energy is required to hold the linkage in the over-center positions.

Abstract: An energy efficient optical window has different optical properties when irradiated by solar light from front or back side of the window. The window is used to reflect most of the infrared light at summer times, leaving the interior cooler and to absorb most of the infrared light at winter times, making the interior hotter by heat transfer from the hot window pane. Mechanical reversal of the window, inside out, is used to apply the needed version for winter and summer. The window is coated with alternating thin metallic and dielectric layers that transmit most of the visible light while reflecting most of the infrared part of the spectrum when impinged by solar light on one side and transmit most of the visible light while absorbing most of the infrared part of the spectrum when impinged by solar light on the other side.

Abstract: An infrared transmission large-area shutter is provided. The infrared transmission large-area shutter includes a first contact layer on a substrate, a plurality of stacks formed in a two-dimensional (2D) array pattern on a first region of the first contact layer, each stack comprising a lower reflection layer, an active layer, an upper reflection layer, and a second contact layer which are formed sequentially in this order on the first contact layer, a first electrode formed on the first contact layer, a plurality of second electrodes on the second contact layers, a first polymer layer that surrounds sidewalls of the plurality of stacks on the first contact layer, and a second polymer layer, which is transparent to infrared rays, to cover the second electrode on the second contact layer. A through hole corresponding to the plurality of stacks is formed in the substrate.

Abstract: An electrochromic thin film, an electrochromic device, and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The electrochromic device comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate provided opposite to each other, a first transparent electrically-conductive layer provided on the inner side of the first substrate, a second transparent electrically-conductive layer provided on the inner side of the second substrate, an organic-inorganic electrochromic thin film provided between the first transparent electrically-conductive layer and the second transparent electrically-conductive layer. The organic-inorganic electrochromic thin film is obtained by forming a mesh-like microsphere-film on the first transparent electrically-conductive layer; forming an inorganic electrochromic film in the voids of the microsphere-film and removing the microsphere-film; and making the inorganic electrochromic film and an organic electrochromic solution undergo a polymerization reaction.

Abstract: A phase-controllable magnetic mirror, system, and method of use are described. The mirror has a ground plate with a surface, a dielectric layer disposed over the surface and having a plurality of electrically-isolated dielectric sections, the dielectric sections defining a plurality of unit cells. The unit cells change their dielectric constant based on an applied voltage such that cells incident photons having a first phase and re-emit photons having a second, different phase. A method of use includes aberrating a wave front and re-emitting, with a phase-controllable magnetic mirror, a second wave front having a different wave front contour. A system including the phase-controllable magnetic mirror has a processor configured to receive aberration measurements and provide selected bias voltages or illumination of the unit cells to make the re-emitted wave front have less aberration than the incident wave front.

Abstract: An electrowetting display device includes a plurality of pixels each including an array substrate, an opposite substrate, and an electrowetting layer. The array substrate includes a base substrate, a barrier wall defining a pixel area, a partition wall partitioning the pixel area into a plurality of sub-pixel areas, a hydrophobic layer disposed in the sub-pixel areas, and an electronic device controlling the electrowetting layer.

Abstract: A method of designing a nanophotonic scattering structure can include establishing an initial design having an array of discrete pixels variable between at least two pixel height levels. A performance metric for the structure can be a function of the heights of the pixels. The height of a pixel can be varied, and then the performance metric can be calculated. The steps of varying the pixel height and calculating the performance metric can be repeated to increase the performance metric. The above steps can be repeated for each pixel within the array and then the method can be iterated until the performance metric reaches an optimized value. Nanophotonic scattering structures can be produced from designs obtained through this process.

Abstract: Embodiments of an interferometric modulator are disclosed having various enhancements and features including a conductive bus. In certain embodiments, the interferometric modulator has a first conductive layer suspended over a second electrode layer. In certain embodiments, a second conductive layer is provided over the first conductive layer. One of the first and/or second conductive buses may further connect to the first electrode layer and/or the second electrode layer. Other disclosed features can be incorporated into embodiments of the interferometric modulator to improve response time, power consumption, and image resolution.

Abstract: Pigment-based inks are provided. The inks include a non-polar carrier fluid and pigment particles suspended in the non-polar carrier fluid. The pigment particles have tri-block copolymer grafts. Each tri-block copolymer graft comprises a tri-block copolymer having three portions: an inner block attached to the pigment particle, a middle block, and an outer block, wherein the inner and outer blocks each contain bulky organic groups to help facilitate solubility of the functionalized polymers in the non-polar solvent and to provide steric stabilization of the resulting particle dispersion in the non-polar solvent, and wherein the middle block contains either acidic or basic functionalized side groups that facilitate charging of the pigment particle. A combination of an electronic display and an electronic ink employing the pigment and a process for making the pigment-based inks are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electrophoretic slurry composition and an electrophoretic display device comprising the same, where the electrophoretic slurry comprises charged particles; polymer beads comprising an acryl- or vinyl-based repeating unit; and a fluid medium. Accordingly, the present invention has a high reactivity to a driving voltage, sustains images or text for a predetermined period of time or longer even when the driving voltage is switched off, and provides a high contrast ratio and enhanced visibility to implement high-quality text or images.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for high-power multi-function millimeter-wavelength (THz-frequency) signal generation using OPO and DFG in a single cavity. In some embodiments, the OPO-DFG cavity includes an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) non-linear material that receives pump light IP having pump-light frequency and generates two different lower intermediate frequencies of light—an OPO-signal beam IS and a spatially/temporally overlapping OPO-idler beam II. A difference-frequency generator non-linear material then receives the two intermediate-frequency beams II and IS, and the DFG then generates a THz-frequency output signal that has a frequency equal to the difference between the two intermediate frequencies. In some embodiments, a single-piece crystal of non-linear material is used for both OPO and DFG functions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, structures and systems for few-mode fiber (FMF) transmission including an optical amplifier exhibiting modal gain control suitable for such transmission in which higher order modes are amplified. An exemplary evaluation system is described and results presented.

Abstract: A circuit apparatus for driving short current pulses through a laser diode is disclosed. The circuit allow fast recovery time, comparable to the pulse duration. This enables high duty cycle pulse trains and bursts. The fast recovery is achieved by a passively self gated charging of the pulse circuit.

Abstract: A rare earth doped optical fiber amplifier is configured to have an enlarged core region and a trench formed adjacent to the core, where at least an inner portion of the trench is also formed to include a rare earth dopant. The presence of the rare earth dopant in the inner region of the cladding minimizes transient power fluctuations within the amplifier as the number of optical signals being amplified changes. The addition of rare earth dopant to the cladding increases the overlap between the pump, signal and the rare earth ions and thus improves the gain efficiency for the optical signal. The relatively large core diameter increases the saturation power level of the rare earth dopant and decreases the transients present in the gain as the input signal power fluctuates.

Abstract: Provided are an electromagnetic wave absorber having a multi-layered structure absorbing an electromagnetic wave, particularly, a terahertz wave, and a method of fabricating the electromagnetic wave absorber. The electromagnetic wave absorber includes a substrate having a predetermined refractive index for an electromagnetic wave, and a plurality of glass spheres arrayed into at least one layer on an upper part of the substrate.

Abstract: A lens optical system including first, second, third, fourth, and fifth lenses sequentially arranged between an object and an image sensor on which an image of the object is formed, in order from a side of the object. The first lens has a positive (+) refractive power and is biconvex. The second lens has a negative (?) refractive power and a meniscus shape convex toward the object. The third lens has a negative (?) refractive power. The fourth lens has a positive (+) refractive power and a meniscus shape convex toward the image sensor. The fifth lens has a negative (?) refractive power, and at least one of an incident surface and an exit surface of the fifth lens is an aspherical surface. A focal length f1 of the first lens and a total length TL of the lens optical system satisfies inequality: 0.5<f1/TL<1.0.

Abstract: An infrared cut filter includes: a transparent dielectric substrate; an infrared reflecting layer formed on one surface of the transparent dielectric substrate and configured to reflect infrared light; and an infrared absorbing layer formed on the other surface of the transparent dielectric substrate and configured to absorb infrared light. The infrared absorbing layer is formed of a resin that contains infrared absorbing pigment. The infrared reflecting layer is formed of a dielectric multilayer film.

Abstract: A device for shifting the imaging axis of a microscope for inspecting endfaces of a fiber-optic connector having multiple rows of endfaces has a supporting body for receiving a microscope; a first swinging lever mounted on top of the supporting body and rotatable about a first swinging axis perpendicular to the imaging axis of the microscope; a first connecting piece extending from the first swinging lever towards the imaging axis; a second swinging lever pivoted on the first connecting piece and rotatable about a second swinging axis perpendicular to the first swinging axis; and a fitting tip connected to the second swinging lever for interfacing with the fiber-optic connector. Using two sets of biasing means and adjustment drivers, the imaging axis passing through the supporting body and the fitting tip can be shifted in two mutually perpendicular directions to selectively align with any endface of the fiber-optic connector.

Abstract: An immersion liquid retainer is an immersion liquid retainer used for an observation made with a microscope including an immersion objective. The immersion liquid retainer includes a fixing part in which a first penetration hole for viewing an observed portion of a specimen is formed and which is fixed to the specimen, and an immersion liquid retaining part where a concave part that has a bottom surface configured with a transparent flat plate and is intended to retain an immersion liquid is formed. The immersion liquid retaining part is joined to the fixing part or formed integrally with the fixing part so that the transparent flat plate covers the first penetration hole.

Abstract: A stiffening strip at selected edges of a screen may enable the use and mounting of a high-elastic modulus substrate screen material. Such screen materials may be engineered to provide polarization-preserving characteristics, and be applied to or part of the high-elastic modulus substrate. Furthermore, the stiffening strip may enable the use of screen vibration techniques to reduce speckle in display applications that use projection screens, particularly those display applications using illumination sources prone to speckle such as laser-based projection. The screen vibration may be provided by a vibrating device attached to the stiffening strip.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a color filter substrate, a fabrication method thereof, and a display device. The color filter substrate comprises: a substrate and a color filter film formed on a light incidence side of the substrate. At least one light refraction structure is continuously formed on a light incidence side of the color filter substrate, and each light refraction structure corresponds to a set of field of views (FOVs). The set of FOVs includes a left-eye FOV and a right-eye FOV, light rays from the left-eye FOV pass through a portion of the light refraction structure to which the left-eye FOV corresponds into a left-eye view zone, and light rays from the right-eye FOV pass through the other portion of the light refraction structure to which the right-eye FOV corresponds into a right-eye view zone.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a pixel structure and a display device concerning to the technical field of 3D display. In this pixel structure, the distance of the center points of the transmitting regions of any two adjacent sub-pixels in each row is equal to the distance of the center points of the transmitting regions of the any two adjacent sub-pixels in each column. The pixel structure and the display device decrease the costs of the display device, and also a better 3D effect in the horizontal and vertical directions can be achieved at the same viewing distance without parallax barriers placed at two different heights.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polarizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: stretching and dyeing a laminate including a resin substrate having a long shape and a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer formed on one side of the resin substrate, to thereby produce a polarizing film on the resin substrate; laminating an optically functional film on a side of the polarizing film of the laminate, to thereby produce an optically functional film laminate; and cutting widthwise direction end portions of the optically functional film laminate. The cut portions include the resin substrate, the polarizing film, and the optically functional film.

Abstract: The zoom lens includes a front unit including a first positive lens unit and a second positive or negative lens unit, a reflective mirror and a rear unit including two or more lens units. During zooming, the reflective mirror is not moved, and the first lens unit and at least two lens units of the rear unit are moved. When the zoom lens is retracted into a body of an image pickup apparatus, at least one of rotation of the reflective mirror such that a normal line thereto is brought closer to parallel to an optical axis of the rear unit and axial movement thereof in a direction of the optical axis of the rear unit is performed. The front unit is moved into a space formed by the at least one of the rotation and the axial movement. Conditions of 10.5<ft/|fn|<30.0 and 0.80<(Lf?L)/Lm<1.

Abstract: Methods create images viewable under different selected angles on optical storage devices and other photosensitive surfaces and optical storage devices with super-imposed images. Generally, a photosensitive surface is exposed with multiple diffraction patterns creating super-imposed images. These diffraction patterns create super-imposed images on the photosensitive surfaces, which can be read by either a human or a computer.

Abstract: A mirror assembly comprising a carrier substrate; a stack comprising a plurality of alternating monocrystalline semiconductor layers of a first and a second type, wherein the layers of the first type have an index of refraction higher than the layers of the second type thereby forming a Bragg mirror; wherein the carrier substrate is curved having a radius of curvature between 0.1 m and 10 km; wherein the stack is attached to the curved carrier substrate.

Abstract: A printed material includes a printed material body with a surface, and an optical element disposed on the surface of the printed material body. The optical element includes multiple structures formed at a pitch not longer than the wavelength of visible light. The structures have an aspect ratio of 0.6 or more and 5.0 or less.

Abstract: The disclosure includes producing a plastic lens with an antireflection film at a lower cost. The plastic lens is configured to include a plastic base material; and an antireflection film having an electrically conductive layer that is formed in contact with a surface of the plastic base material and that has colorless transparency, and an antireflection film main body that contains a metal oxide, formed on the electrically conductive layer.

Abstract: An optical body has an anti-reflection function and can be produced without repeating sequential coating to stack a low refractive index layer and a high refractive index layer. The optical body having an anti-reflection function includes a minute concave-convex surface having fluctuations. The minute concave-convex surface has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of smaller than or equal to 25 nm.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a lens which includes raised portions arranged on a surface of the lens with a pitch smaller than or equal to a predetermined pitch, and is configured to reduce reflection of light having a wavelength longer than or equal to the predetermined pitch includes preparing a molding die in which recessed portions corresponding to the raised portions are formed, filling a molten resin material into a cavity of the molding die via a gate, and curing the resin material in the molding die. The molding die includes a peripheral region in a periphery of the gate, and an adjacent region adjacent to the peripheral region. First recessed portions in the peripheral region are deeper than second recessed portions in the adjacent region.

Abstract: A visual display assembly adapted for use as an anti-counterfeiting device on paper currency, product labels, and other objects. The assembly includes a film of transparent material including a first surface including an array of lenses and a second surface opposite the first surface. The assembly also includes a printed image proximate to the second surface. The printed image includes pixels of frames of one or more images interlaced relative to two orthogonal axes. The lenses of the array are nested in a plurality of parallel rows, and adjacent ones of the lenses in columns of the array are aligned to be in a single one of the rows with no offset of lenses in adjacent columns/rows. The lenses may be round-based lenses or are square-based lenses, and the lenses may be provided at 200 lenses per inch (LPI) or a higher LPI in both directions.

Abstract: A projector zoom lens includes a first lens group having a negative refractive power and a second lens group having a positive refractive power. The first lens group includes a first front group having a negative refractive power and a first rear group having a positive refractive power, including a positive meniscus lens with a convex surface on an enlargement side. The second lens group includes a second front group having a positive refractive power, including two continuously arranged positive lenses made from a same glass material and having a same surface profile and a second rear group having a negative refractive power, including a biconcave lens and a biconvex lens, the lenses of the first and second lens groups being arranged in order from an enlargement side to a reduction side.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens unit having positive refractive power, a second lens unit having negative refractive power, a reflecting unit for bending an optical path, and a rear lens group including two or more lens units, wherein, during zooming, the first and second lens units are moved and the reflecting unit is not moved, and wherein an amount of movement of the first lens unit during zooming from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, a distance on an optical axis from a reflecting surface of the reflecting unit to an image plane, a distance on the optical axis from a lens surface of the second lens unit closest to the image side to the reflection surface of the reflecting unit at the wide-angle end, and a focal length of the second lens unit are appropriately set.

Abstract: A zoom lens adjustment structure includes a substrate, a focus device and a driving device. The focus device is mounted on the substrate, and includes a stationary lens barrel, a outside guide lens barrel, and a cam lens barrel. The outside guide lens barrel is received in the stationary lens barrel, the cam lens barrel is set at the inner side of the outside guide lens barrel, and plurality of active lens barrels are sandwiched between the outside guide lens barrel and the cam lens barrel. The active lens barrel includes a lens set. The driving device includes a motor and a gear group, which is positioned laterally to the stationary lens barrel, to drive the focus device adjusting the position of the active lens.

Abstract: A lens barrel includes an outer barrel including a first cam follower, an internal movable member including a second cam follower, a cam ring, a first cam groove formed on a surface of the cam ring and engaged with the first cam follower, and a second cam groove formed on the surface of the cam ring and is open at a front end of the cam ring. When the outer barrel is positioned in front of a predetermined position, the second cam groove determines a position of the internal movable member in the outer barrel via a limit portion while the second cam groove is not engaged with the second cam follower, and when the outer barrel moves rearward beyond the predetermined position, the second cam groove engages with the second cam follower and moves the internal movable member rearward.

Abstract: An image pickup lens includes: in recited order from object plane toward image plane, a first lens having positive refractive power; a second lens having negative refractive power; a third lens having positive refractive power; a fourth lens having positive or negative refractive power; a fifth lens having positive refractive power; and a sixth lens having negative refractive power and having optical surfaces, one or more of the optical surfaces each having an aspherical shape with one or more inflection points.

Abstract: A lens module is disclosed. A lens module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, and a fourth lens that are arranged successively in the direction from an object side to an imaging surface, wherein the first lens has a positive refractive index, the second lens a negative refractive index, the third lens a positive refractive index, and the fourth lens a negative refractive index, wherein the third lens includes a first sub-lens, a second sub-lens, and a third sub-lens that have a positive refractive index, wherein the fourth lens includes a center portion surrounding an optical axis and a peripheral portion surrounding the center portion, wherein the center portion on the imaging surface side is formed in a concave shape and the peripheral portion on the imaging surface side is formed in a convex shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical system. An optical system of the present invention includes a first lens having a positive refractive power and an object-side surface convex toward an object side; a second lens having a negative refractive power and an image-side surface concave toward an image side; a third lens having a negative refractive power; a fourth lens having a positive refractive power; a fifth lens having a positive refractive power and an image-side surface convex toward the image side; and a six lens having a negative refractive power and an image-side surface concave toward the image side.

Abstract: A five-piece optical lens system includes, in order from the object side to the image side: a first lens element with a positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface and at least one aspheric surface; a second lens element with a negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface and at least one aspheric surface; a third lens element with a positive refractive power having at least one aspheric surface; a fourth lens element with a positive refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, and at least one aspheric surface; a fifth lens element with a negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface and at least one aspheric surface. Thereby, such a system not only can be applied to a high resolution mobile phone, but also has a wide field of view, big stop, high pixel, high resolution and low height.

Abstract: A lens optical system including first, second, third, fourth, and fifth lenses that are sequentially arranged between an object and an image sensor on which an image of the object is formed. The first lens may have a positive refractive power and may be biconvex. The second lens may have a negative refractive power and may have a meniscus shape that is convex toward the object. The third lens may have a positive refractive power. The fourth lens may have a positive refractive power and may have a meniscus shape that is convex toward the image sensor. The fifth lens may have a negative refractive power, and at least one of an incident surface and an exit surface of the fifth lens may be an aspherical surface.

Abstract: An optical image capturing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element. The first lens element with refractive power has a concave object-side surface, and the object-side surface changes from concave at a paraxial region to convex at a peripheral region. The second lens element has refractive power. The third lens element has positive refractive power. The fourth lens element has negative refractive power. The fifth lens element with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface, wherein the image-side surface changes from concave at a paraxial region to convex at a peripheral region. The object-side surfaces and the image-side surfaces of the first and fifth lens elements are aspheric.

Abstract: An imaging lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element. The first lens element with negative refractive power has an object-side surface being concave at a paraxial region thereof, wherein the surfaces thereof are aspheric. The second lens element has refractive power. The third lens element has positive refractive power. The fourth lens element has negative refractive power. The fifth lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being convex at a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface being concave at a paraxial region thereof, wherein the object-side surface thereof changes from convex at the paraxial region thereof to concave at a peripheral region thereof, and the surfaces thereof are aspheric.

Abstract: An image pickup lens includes, an aperture stop, a first meniscus lens having positive refractive power with a convex surface facing the object, a second lens having positive refractive power with a concave surface facing the object, a third lens having negative refractive power with a convex surface facing the object, the both surfaces of the third lens are aspheric and having at least one pole-change point, and following conditional expressions are satisfied: TTL<3.0??(1) 0.80<f1/f<0.93??(2) 0.35<bf/TTL<0.42??(3) 0.70<TTL/(2IH)<0.85??(4) where TTL: a length from the surface closest to the object to an image plane, f: a focal length of an overall optical system, f1: a focal length of the first lens, bf: a length from the image-side surface of the third lens to the image plane, and IH: a maximum image height.

Abstract: An imaging optical system including, from the object side to the image side, a first lens group having positive refracting power, an aperture stop, and a second lens group having positive power, in which the first lens group consists of three lens subgroups, having positive, negative and positive refracting powers, respectively, from the object side to the image side, with satisfaction of the following: 4<(LTL+fB)/fB<15??(1) 0.3<D12/IH<4??(2) where fB is an on-axis distance, from an image side-surface in the second lens group to an image plane upon focusing at infinity, LTL is an on-axis distance from an object side-surface in the first lens group to the image side-surface in the second lens group, D12 is an on-axis length from an image side-surface in the first lens group to an object side-surface in the second lens group upon focusing at infinity, and IH is a maximum image height.

Abstract: Provided are a lens assembly and an optical system including the same. The lens assembly may include a first lens having a groove region, a second lens having an insertion region that is inserted into the groove region, and a light blocking member between the first lens and the second lens. The light blocking member may be disposed between a first surface portion of the first lens and a second surface portion of the second lens, and the light blocking member may be separated from at least one of the first surface portion and the second surface portion. The lens assembly may further include at least one additional lens. The lens assembly may be applied to various optical systems.

Abstract: A monofocal photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element and a sixth lens element. The first lens element with negative refractive power has a concave image-side surface. The second lens element has refractive power. The third lens element has refractive power. The fourth lens element has refractive power. The fifth lens element has negative refractive power. The sixth lens element with positive refractive power has a convex image-side surface.

Abstract: An adjusting device for an optical system has a first slider for a first optical element, which is arranged displaceably along an axial direction, a second slider for a second optical element, which is arranged displaceably along the axial direction, a control cam contour fixed in relation to the axial direction, a coupler between the first slider, the second slider and the cam contour, and a force element to exert force between the first slider and the second slider, so that the coupler is in contact with the first slider at a first point, is in contact with the second slider at a second point and is in contact with the control cam contour at a third point, the coupler including a first lever arm formed between the first and third points, and the coupler including a second lever arm formed between the second and third points.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the low-deformation replaceable mounting of an optical element, in particular a closure plate of an objective of a projection exposure system for microlithography for the production of semiconductor components, in a mount. The optical element is connected to the mount at least partly via an adhesive connection. This is located between the adjacent circumferential walls of mount and optical element. The mount is provided with at least three support feet distributed over the circumference, by means of which the optical element is mounted laterally and axially. The mount is connected to the housing of the objective in an at least approximately deformation-decoupled manner via three mount bearing points.

Abstract: An interior side mirror for side blind spot of a car comprises a base fixed on the dash board or side door of the car, a side mirror, a flexible bar for connecting the base with the side mirror. The base and flexible bar locate the mirror at a best place before a driver, let the driver can view the side blind spot without turning head. The base can be anchor base or sand bag base or cardboard base or silicone sticky pad base or handle base. The flexible bar can be a ball-socket joint flexible bar or a flexible metal conduit bar. The mirror can be adjusted to a best place to reflect the blind spot.