Abstract: A video system includes a first video device. The first video device includes a video output port and an arbitrary data scrambler. The first video device transmits a video stream through the video output port. The video output port is configured to insert video timing reference values into the video stream. The arbitrary data scrambler is configured to scramble non-video data for transmission in the video stream such that unscrambled non-video data containing video timing reference values is transformed, without information loss, to scrambled non-video data containing no video timing reference values.

Abstract: A computing device executing an optimizer analyzes a video. The computing device identifies one or more optimizations for the video based on the analysis. The computing device suggests the one or more optimizations to an entity associated with the video. In response to the entity accepting the one or more optimizations, the computing device implements the one or more optimizations for the video.

Abstract: Innovations in signaling of reference picture list (“RPL”) modification information. For example, a video encoder evaluates a condition that depends at least in part on a variable indicating a number of total reference pictures. Depending on the results of the evaluation, the encoder signals in a bitstream a flag that indicates whether an RPL is modified according to syntax elements explicitly signaled in the bitstream. A video decoder evaluates the condition and, depending on results of the evaluation, parses from a bitstream a flag that indicates whether an RPL is modified according to syntax elements explicitly signaled in the bitstream. The condition can be evaluated as part of processing for an RPL modification structure that includes the flag, or as part of processing for a slice header. The encoder and decoder can also evaluate other conditions that affect syntax elements for list entries of the RPL modification information.

Abstract: This application relates to video encoding and decoding, and specifically to tools and techniques for using and providing supplemental enhancement information in bitstreams. Among other things, the detailed description presents innovations for bitstreams having supplemental enhancement information (SEI). In particular embodiments, the SEI message includes picture source data (e.g., data indicating whether the associated picture is a progressive scan picture or an interlaced scan picture and/or data indicating whether the associated picture is a duplicate picture). The SEI message can also express a confidence level of the encoder's relative confidence in the accuracy of this picture source data. A decoder can use the confidence level indication to determine whether the decoder should separately identify the picture as progressive or interlaced and/or a duplicate picture or honor the picture source scanning information in the SEI as it is.

Abstract: Techniques are described for signaling decoding unit identifiers for decoding units of an access unit. The video decoder determines which network abstraction layer (NAL) units are associated with which decoding units based on the decoding unit identifiers. Techniques are also described for including one or more copies of supplemental enhancement information (SEI) messages in an access unit.

Abstract: Techniques are described for signaling decoding unit identifiers for decoding units of an access unit. The video decoder determines which network abstraction layer (NAL) units are associated with which decoding units based on the decoding unit identifiers. Techniques are also described for including one or more copies of supplemental enhancement information (SEI) messages in an access unit.

Abstract: An electronic device for sending a message is described. The electronic device includes a processor and instructions stored in memory that is in electronic communication with the processor. The electronic device determines whether a picture is a random access point (RAP) picture. If the picture is a RAP picture, the electronic device generates a message including a RAP network access layer (NAL) unit type (NUT) and a RAP information parameter. If the picture is a RAP picture, the message does not include a NAL unit header (NUH) temporal identifier parameter. The electronic device sends the message.

Abstract: A device for processing video data receives an indication of a maximum layer identification (ID) value for a bitstream; receives a flag for a first layer with a layer ID value less than the maximum layer ID value; and, based on a value of the flag, determines if the first layer is included in an operation point.

Abstract: Error mitigation techniques are provided for video coding system in which input frames are selected for coding either as a Random Access Pictures (“RAP frames”) or as a non-RAP frame. Coded RAP frames may include RAP identifiers that set an ID context for subsequent frames. Coded non-RAP frames may include RAP identifiers that match the RAP identifiers that were included in the coded RAP frames. Thus, in the absence of transmission errors, a coded non-RAP frame should include a RAP identifier that matches the identifier of the preceding RAP frame. If the identifier of a non-RAP frame does not match the identifier of the RAP frame that immediately preceded it, then it indicates that a RAP frame was lost during transmission. In this case, the decoder may engage error recovery processes.

Abstract: Video frames of a higher-resolution chroma sampling format such as YUV 4:4:4 are packed into video frames of a lower-resolution chroma sampling format such as YUV 4:2:0 for purposes of video encoding. For example, sample values for a frame in YUV 4:4:4 format are packed into two frames in YUV 4:2:0 format. After decoding, the video frames of the lower-resolution chroma sampling format can be unpacked to reconstruct the video frames of the higher-resolution chroma sampling format. In this way, available encoders and decoders operating at the lower-resolution chroma sampling format can be used, while still retaining higher resolution chroma information. In example implementations, frames in YUV 4:4:4 format are packed into frames in YUV 4:2:0 format such that geometric correspondence is maintained between Y, U and V components for the frames in YUV 4:2:0 format.

Abstract: Cross-plane filtering may be used to restore blurred edges and/or textures in one or both chroma planes using information from a corresponding luma plane. Adaptive cross-plane filters may be implemented. Cross-plane filter coefficients may be quantized and/or signaled such that overhead in a bitstream minimizes performance degradation. Cross-plane filtering may be applied to select regions of a video image (e.g., to edge areas). Cross-plane filters may be implemented in single-layer video coding systems and/or multi-layer video coding systems.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a signal from a transmitter over a channel to a receiver on a Power Line Network, wherein said signal is OFDM-modulated on a set of sub-carriers, is proposed, wherein an OFDM tonemap and an eigenbeamforming encoding matrix are determined based on a channel estimation for each sub-carrier, a tonemap feedback signal and an eigenbeamforming feedback signal are generated, which are descriptive of said OFDM tonemap and said eigenbeamforming encoding matrix, respectively, and transmitted to the transmitter. A corresponding receiver, a transmitter, a power line communication and a power line communication system are described as well.

Abstract: A communication system according to the present invention comprises a first communication device and a second communication device for performing power line communication using a power line as a transmission line with the first communication device, and in the communication system, the first communication device has a detection means for detecting a zero crossing timing of a commercial power supply and a transmitting means for transmitting a transmission signal modulated in OFDM mode at the zero crossing timing, the transmitting means first transmits a header signal (HS) having a preamble as the transmission signal when the power line communication is started, and the transmitting means transmits a data signal (DS) having no preamble as the transmission signal after the header signal (HS) is transmitted, and the second communication device has a receiving means for performing a demodulation process on the transmission signal which is received, to thereby obtain receive data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for pulse-based binary communication are provided. An example system may include a transmitting device and a receiving device. The transmitting device may be configured to generate a supply voltage for use in operating the receiving device and to cause at least one pulse to occur in the supply voltage, the at least one pulse being based on a binary value. The at least one pulse may comprise, for example, a temporary change in the supply voltage. The receiving device may be configured to receive the supply voltage from the transmitting device, to detect the at least one pulse in the supply voltage and to determine the binary value based on the at least one pulse. The receiving device may then perform an action based on the binary value.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for allowing signals across electrical domains. The method includes applying a clock signal (of at least 1 GHz) to an electronic element in a location having first electrical properties. Data is output from the first electronic element; and received at a second electronic element located in a location having second electrical properties. The first and second electrical properties are different by either voltage and clock frequency.

Abstract: Systems and methods for establishing transmission format parameters between communication devices are provided. In some aspects, a method includes identifying, by a first base station, a first communication session with a first user equipment. A master set of transmission format parameters is shared between the first base station and the first user equipment. The method also includes assigning a first subset of the master set of transmission format parameters to the first communication session. The first subset is specifically assigned to the first communication session and specifies which of the master set of transmission format parameters is allocated for use in the first communication session. The method also includes transmitting an indicator of the first subset to the first user equipment.

Abstract: Methods for WiFi beamforming, feedback, and sounding (WiBEAM) are described. Codebook based beamforming feedback signaling and sounding mechanisms for use in wireless communications are disclosed. The methods described herein improve the feedback efficiency by using Givens rotation based decompositions and quantizing the resulting angles of the Givens rotation based decompositions using a range from a subset of [0, 2?]. Feedback may also be divided into multiple components to improve feedback efficiency/accuracy. Time domain beamforming reports for taking advantage of channel reciprocity while still taking into account practical radio frequency (RF) channel impairments are also described. Beamforming feedback that prioritizes the feedback bits in accordance with the significance of the bits is also disclosed.

Abstract: Various wireless precoding systems and methods are presented. In some embodiments, a wireless transmitter comprises an antenna precoding block, a transform block, and multiple transmit antennas. The antenna precoding block receives frequency coefficients from multiple data streams and distributes the frequency coefficients across multiple transmit signals in accordance with frequency-dependent matrices. The transform block transforms the preceded frequency coefficients into multiple time domain transmit signals to be transmitted by the multiple antennas. The frequency coefficients from multiple data streams may be partitioned into tone groups, and all the frequency coefficients from a given tone group may be redistributed in accordance with a single matrix for that tone group. In some implementations, the frequency coefficients within a tone group for a given data stream may also be precoded. In some alternative embodiments, tone group preceding may be employed in a single channel system.

Abstract: A method for communication by means of a transformer, which has at least a primary coil and a secondary coil, which are parts of an oscillatory circuit, wherein the oscillatory circuit is supplied on the primary side with an exciter frequency. For transmission of a signal from the secondary side to the primary side, the inductance of the secondary coil is modulated. A corresponding apparatus for performing the method is likewise provided.

Abstract: An approach is provided for high penetration alerting in a mobile satellite system. A message is generated for transmission to a wireless terminal. The message is partitioned into a number of symbols, each symbol composed of a portion of the message. The symbols are encoded via FEC coding to generate outer coded symbols, and each outer coded symbol is encoded based on a corresponding binary orthogonal sequence. The inner coded symbols are modulated based on a binary modulation scheme, and pulse shaped to generate message bursts for transmission to the wireless terminal. Each message burst reflects a group of the inner coded symbols, wherein the grouping of the inner coded symbols facilitates joint sequence detection by the wireless terminal, and each message burst exhibits relatively low peak-to-average power ratio.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a clock generator to generate differential clock signals. The apparatus also includes a distributed polyphase filter to obtain phase-corrected multi-phase clock signals based on the differential clock signals.

Abstract: A device for fixing a gain or attenuation factor for a gain or attenuation element during a transmission of a sequence of synchronization-data symbols registers the signal level of a received signal at the input of the gain or attenuation element. It then identifies the start of transmission of the sequence of synchronization-data symbols on the basis of the signal level of the registered, received signal and signals the time interval for the fixing of the gain or attenuation factor starting with the identified start of transmission of the sequence of synchronization-data symbols.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, there is provided a signal generating device, including a signal generator and a local signal generating unit. The signal generator generates a signal of a fixed frequency. The local signal generating unit generates, based on the signal of the fixed frequency, a first local signal to convert a frequency of a first signal, and a second local signal to convert a frequency of a second signal. The second signal is a signal resulting from that the first signal is subjected to frequency conversion based on the first local signal and has a frequency different from the first local signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method and an apparatus for transmitting data in a multiple-antenna system, which are applied in a transmit diversity mode. The method includes: in a data transmission period, determining, according to transmission quality of the system, the number of antennas to be turned off and turning-off time; and in the turning-off time, turning off the determined number of antennas, turning on remaining antennas other than the antennas that are turned off, and transmitting, through the remaining antennas, the data to be transmitted; and during the remaining time of the data transmission period excluding the turning-off time, turning on all antennas and transmitting, through all the antennas, the data to be transmitted. According to the embodiments of the present invention, power consumption may be decreased while at the same time dynamic transmission performance of the system is considered, decreasing implementation complexity.

Abstract: Provided is a frame configuration usable for both SISO transmission and MISO and/or MIMO transmission. According to the frame configuration, a frame has a preamble, a control symbol, and transmission data symbols. A transmission device includes the designation of a transmission scheme of the transmission data symbols in the control symbol and includes the designation of a transmission scheme of the control symbol in the preamble. This improves the reception performance (detection performance) of a reception device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for improving system timing margin of high speed I/O (input/output) interconnect links by using fine training of a phase interpolator are described. In some embodiments, I/O links use forward clock architecture to send data from transmit driver to receiver logic. Moreover, at the receiver side, Phase Interpolator (PI) logic may be used to place the sampling clock at the center of the valid data window or eye. In an embodiment, a Digital Eye Width Monitor (DEWM) logic may be used to measure data eye width in real time. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: A clock data recovery circuit includes a binary phase detector configured to receive an incoming data signal and a recovered clock, and output a phase offset signal and recovered data; a digital loop control circuit configured to receive the phase offset signal and output a control signal; and a digital frequency generator configured to receive the control signal and output the recovered clock. A method of clock recovery includes generating a digital phase offset signal from incoming data and feedback clock signals; generating a clock frequency control signal from the phase offset signal; generating a recovered clock in response to the control signal; slowing down the recovered clock when the digital phase offset signal has a first binary state; speeding up the recovered clock when the digital phase offset signal has a second binary state; and holding the recovered clock when the digital phase offset signal has a third binary state.

Abstract: A rectification circuit includes a first field-effect transistor and a bias voltage generation circuit. The field-effect transistor includes a first gate terminal, a first source terminal, a first source region having a first p-type diffusion layer and connected to the first source terminal, a first drain terminal, and a first drain region having a first n-type diffusion layer and connected to the first drain terminal. The bias voltage generation circuit is configured to apply a DC voltage between the first gate terminal and the first drain terminal.

Abstract: A first radio frequency, RF, signal is directly received from a first source radio node in a radio destination node. The first RF signal includes a coded first source information signal. A second RF signal is directly received from a second source radio node that includes a coded second source information signal. A third RF signal is received from an intermediate network node that includes a network coded signal which is a combined coded information signal generated at the intermediate node after demodulating the coded first source information signal and the coded second source information signal received from the first and second source radio nodes.

Abstract: A frequency offset estimation method for a multi-carrier communication system is provided. The method includes: transforming a representation of a reception signal from a time domain to a frequency domain, and generating a plurality of symbols; calculating a correlation of two symbols among the symbols, and obtaining a plurality of correlating complex numbers corresponding to a plurality of subcarriers; generating M number of candidate subcarrier position sets according to a subcarrier position set of a specific signal and M number of candidate frequency offsets; calculating M number of calculated values according to the correlating complex numbers corresponding to the M number of candidate subcarrier position sets; and determining a frequency offset according to the maximum calculated value among the M number of calculated values.

Abstract: A receiver for receiving an RF signal transmitting a bit sequence representing a symbol is provided. The receiver includes an oscillator, a counter, at least one state machine and at least one correlator. The oscillator is configured to oscillate dependent on the received RF signal, wherein the oscillator signal is controlled to provide an oscillation signal based on the oscillation during a plurality of subsequent active periods. The counter is configured to provide a counter value describing threshold crossings of the oscillator signal for each of the active periods. The at least one state machine is connected to the counter and configured to output state values, each state value dependent on two subsequent counter values. The at least one correlator is configured to correlate the output state values with a predefined bit sequence and to output a value representing the symbol dependent on the correlation.

Abstract: A wireless communication device according to the present invention includes a standard signal holding unit for holding a plurality of standard signals, a correlation value calculation unit for performing a correlation operation between a received signal and the plurality of standard signals, and a reference signal selection unit for determining a reference signal from among the plurality of standard signals on the basis of a correlation operation result obtained by the correlation value calculation unit. When a correlation value peak which provides a maximum value is not detected among a plurality of correlation values obtained by the correlation operation between the received signal and the plurality of standard signals, the reference signal selection unit repeats a predetermined number of times, a process of performing a correlation operation between a new standard signal which is generated so that a head of a data part is located at some midpoint in a predetermined symbol interval and the received signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure presents methods and apparatuses for enhanced received signal processing using signal-based channel impulse response (CIR) estimation. For example, according to an example method presented herein, a user equipment (UE) or a component therein may receive a signal corresponding to a transmitted signal sent by a network entity, wherein the transmitted signal comprises at least a data channel, estimate chip contents of the transmitted signal, based on the received signal including the data channel, to obtain estimated chip contents, and compute an estimated channel impulse response (CIR) based on at least the estimated chip contents. Based on this estimated CIR, the UE may thereafter reprogram a received signal reconstruction filter, perform interference cancelation procedures, and/or adjust one or more equalizer taps. By performing such functions, the UE may exhibit improved communication characteristics and enable a more robust user experience.

Abstract: A method, a system, and an apparatus for dynamically adjusting a link, where the method includes: determining, by a transmitting end, link adjustment information according to the data traffic change when detecting a change of data traffic, where the link adjustment information contains the number of required working links; and adjusting, by the transmitting end, the number of working links on an interface of the transmitting end according to the determined link adjustment information, and sending a configuration request to a receiving end, where the configuration request includes the link adjustment information; and after receiving the configuration request, adjusting, by the receiving end, the number of working links on an interface of the receiving end according to the configuration request. In the embodiments of the present invention, data transmission on an original working link is not affected, thereby saving bandwidth and power consumption.

Abstract: A method comprising generating a baseband information signal by mixing a received modulated carrier signal with a local oscillator (LO) signal having an LO frequency; obtaining baseband signal samples of the baseband information signal having a baseband signal magnitude and a baseband signal phase; determining a cumulative phase measurement associated with baseband signal samples having a baseband signal magnitude greater than a threshold; and, applying a correction signal to compensate for an LO frequency offset of the LO frequency based on the cumulative phase.

Abstract: A method comprising generating a baseband information signal by mixing a received modulated carrier signal with a local oscillator (LO) signal having an LO frequency; obtaining baseband signal samples of the baseband information signal having a baseband signal magnitude and a baseband signal phase; determining a cumulative phase measurement associated with baseband signal samples having a baseband signal magnitude greater than a threshold; and, applying a correction signal to compensate for an LO frequency offset of the LO frequency based on the cumulative phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for providing an emergency supply to a nuclear installation. The arrangement comprises a container (10) with a plurality of permanently installed devices and at least one motor (22), one generator (26), one pump (24), one fuel tank (14) and one transformer (34), wherein the pump and the generator are functionally connected to the motor in order to activate said motor.

Abstract: A counter in a non-volatile memory including at least two sub-counters, each counting with a different modulo, an increment of the counter being transferred on a single one of the sub-counters and the sub-counters being incremented sequentially.

Abstract: A shift register includes a plurality of stages, each of which outputs a carry pulse and a scan pulse. An nth one of the stages includes a carry output switching device controlled by a voltage applied to a set node and connected between a carry clock transfer line transferring any one of i carry clock pulses and a carry output terminal of the nth stage, a scan output switching device controlled by the voltage applied to the set node and connected between a scan clock transfer line transferring any one of j scan clock pulses and a scan output terminal of the nth stage, and a stabilization switching device controlled by any one of the i carry clock pulses and connected between a carry output terminal of an (n?p)th one of the stages and the set node or between a start transfer line and the set node.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a shift register unit and a driving method thereof, a shift register and a display apparatus. The shift register unit includes a carry signal output terminal(CA(n)); a driving signal output terminal(OUT(n)); a staged output module(33) connected to the pulling-up node(PU), the pulling-down node(PD), the carry signal output terminal(CA(n)) and the driving signal output terminal(OUT(n)), respectively, for outputting a carry signal and a driving signal in stages so that the driving signal maintains a high level in the evaluating phase and a low level in the resetting phase; a pulling-up node level maintaining module(34) for, in the evaluating phase, maintaining the level at the pulling-up node(PU) at a high level via the first output control module(31) so that the driving signal maintains the high level.

Abstract: Radiographic images for different imaging directions taken by applying radiation to a subject from the different imaging directions are obtained, and a plurality of first tomographic images having a first slice thickness are generated based on the obtained plurality of radiographic images and a plurality of second tomographic images having a second slice thickness that is greater than the first slice thickness are generated based on the radiographic images. Then, MinIP processing is applied to the first tomographic images to generate a MinIP image, and MIP processing is applied to the second tomographic images to generate a MIP image. Then, combining processing is performed using the MinIP image and the MIP image to generate a composite image.

Abstract: Techniques are provided that enable displaying of medical images that depict cyclic motions in the subject. An X-ray CT system scans, with X-rays, the subject whose targeted region is experiencing a cyclic motion and acquires detection data. This X-ray CT system comprises a reconstruction processor, a moving image creator, and a display controller. The reconstruction processor generates a plurality of sets of volumetric data based on a plurality of sets of detection data that have been acquired during one cycle of the cyclic motion. The moving-image creator creates a moving image that shows the cyclic motion, on the basis of at least a part of the plural sets of volumetric data. The display controller superposes the moving image over an image based on the volumetric data and displays these images on the display unit.

Abstract: A recording unit is rotatable about an axis of rotation, and includes an X-ray emitter and detector to detect X-rays from a fan-shaped region. The fan-shaped region is asymmetrical in relation to a vertical to the axis of rotation, running through the X-ray detector wherein the two edges of the fan-shaped region, on rotation, in each case tangentially delimit a first projection region and a second projection region. The second projection region abuts the first projection region. A method includes recording projections of the two projection regions during a full rotation of the recording unit for the reconstruction of a first image of the first projection region in such a way that the projection angle intervals in each case exhibit the same start angle. It further includes reconstructing a second image of the second projection region to merge the two reconstructed projection regions to form one unitary image.

Abstract: A configuration and an associated operating method for tomosynthetic fluoroscopy utilize an x-ray emitter and with an x-ray detector. The configuration further contains a mounting device, which is rotatably mounted about a rotational axis and about which the x-ray emitter is arranged such that the optical axis of the x-ray emitter is directed to the x-ray detector and that, in the case of a rotation of the mounting device, the focus of the x-ray emitter describes a circular path. An advantage offered by the invention lies in ensuring robust tomosynthetic fluoroscopy.

Abstract: A press plate includes: a press section that is disposed to face towards an imaging face of an imaging table and is resiliently deformable; and a movable support point portion that is movable and supports the press section at the opposite side to the imaging face so that a reaction force occurring at the press section is adjusted according to a position of the movable support point portion to support the press section. The press plate may further include: a support section that is disposed separated from the press section on the opposite side to the imaging face and with at least one end portion coupled to one end portion of the press section, wherein the movable support point portion is movable between the press section and the support section so that a deformation amount of the press section is adjusted by such movement.

Abstract: A press plate includes: a press section that is disposed to face towards an imaging face of an imaging table and is resiliently deformable; and a reaction force section that is capable of supporting the press section from the opposite side to the imaging face, that has a variable support force, and that adjusts the reaction force arising in the press section by changing the support force to the press section. The press plate may further includes a reaction force adjustment mechanism that changes the support force of the reaction force section.

Abstract: A gamma radiation breast imaging apparatus, comprising an object positioning device, defining an imaging space and having as an intended insertion direction of the breast to be imaged, and a gamma camera positioned to image a volume in said imaging space. The gamma camera comprises a collimator with a first plurality of focused pinholes, the individual fields of view of the first pinholes defining a common central field of view having a geometrical centre. The apparatus also has a gamma sensitive detector to receive images from the collimator. The first pinholes are provided non-symmetrically with respect to a first plane through said geometrical centre that is perpendicular to the collimator and parallel to said intended insertion direction. Hereby, more angular information about the scanned volume can be obtained for the same detector size, in particular when combined with a similar opposite camera.

Abstract: Radiographic images for different imaging directions taken by applying radiation to a subject from the different imaging directions are obtained, and a plurality of tomographic images of the subject are generated based on the obtained plurality of radiographic images. Then, compression processing in the direction perpendicular to slice planes of the generated tomographic images is applied to the tomographic images to generate compressed tomographic images, wherein a range of the imaging directions is obtained, and a compression rate of the compression processing is set based on the obtained range of the imaging directions.

Abstract: An apparatus for measurement of a flow-rate and/or a composition of a multi-phase fluid mixture is provided. The apparatus includes a radiation device that generates a pulsed beam of photons to irradiate the fluid mixture spatially along a section of flow of the mixture. A controlling device is configured to apply a predetermined, time-dependent voltage to the radiation device during a single pulse of photons. A detection device is spatially configured for receiving photons emanating from the section of flow of the mixture at different points in time during the pulse of photons to form images of a spatial distribution of the received photons for each of points in time. An analysis device is configured for determining the flow rate of one or more phases of the mixture and/or the composition of the mixture based on a temporal sequence of the images of the spatial distribution of the received photons.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation detector (10), in particular for detecting x-ray radiation, comprising a carrier substrate (11), a detector layer (12) which comprises GaN, is arranged on the carrier substrate (11) and has a thickness less than 50 ?m, and contact electrodes (13) which form ohmic contacts with the detector layer (12). The invention also relates to a measurement device which is equipped with at least one such radiation detector (10).