Abstract: A method and an installation for continuously shaping longitudinally slotted pipes (10) from a flat material minimizes or avoids markings in the material if the rolling forces of at least two rolls (40) acting successively on the flat material are evenly introduced into the roll stand and/or freely adjusts the two successively acting rolls (40) relative to one another.

Abstract: A method of flange trimming a sheet metal panel to form a part including flanges for subsequent hemming or weld operation is disclosed. The method utilizes an electro-hydraulic forming (EHF) tool to form a channel within which a flange is cut out in a trimming operation. A combined flange/trim die may be provided in which both a channel forming operation and a flange trimming operation may be performed. A manufacturing system for fabricating a part by forming a channel in a peripheral portion and cutting the channel area to form a flange. The method also relates to a die for an EHF tool that defines a channel-shaped recess and has a trim edge for cutting a flange into the channel.

Abstract: In some examples, a laminated tooling die may include multiple sheets or plates used in conjunction in any of a number of forming operations such as, for example, hydroforming, compression molding, and stamping. The sheets or plates can include an open interior that, when used in conjunction with neighboring sheets, produce a cavity into which a deformable workpiece can be placed and subjected to the forming operation. In some examples, one or more sheets can be coupled with a heat exchanger to impart a heat transfer with the workpiece.

Abstract: Rolling unit including at least two adjacent rolling stands, each having a pair of rolling rolls mounted on respective motorized shafts. The rolls of one rolling stand are disposed orthogonal and close to those of the adjacent rolling stand. The shafts are eccentrically supported in respective support elements, which are selectively rotatable around their axis and are each provided with rotation means to cooperate mechanically with an adjustment member suitable to make the support elements selectively rotate to determine an adjustment of the gap between the rolls. The rotation means of one pair of the support elements are directly connected kinematically to each other. The adjustment member is disposed, with respect to the rolling stands, so that the center of its gear lies very close to the line joining the centers of the support elements, so that a substantial part is contained in the bulk defined by the rolling stand.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process of manufacturing forged components using a combination of open die and closed die forging, and machining. The process involves the steps of togging of the ingot, upsetting the cogged bloom in two steps to form a preform, closed forging the preform on a hammer, rough machining, heat treatment, semi-finishing, and finally finishing the component. The present invention is applicable to any forged components that are used in variety of industries, particularly those which are formed from large ingots. The invention is particularly useful for safety- and application-critical components such as a fluid end which is used in oil and gas industry. With the process of the present invention, 55 to 60% of the shape and size of the final component is achieved through forging and remaining 40 to 45% through machining.

Abstract: Methods, systems, computer-readable media, and apparatuses for obtaining accurate gas sensor data are presented. A mobile device may receive gas sensor data from at least one gas sensor. The mobile device can include the at least one gas sensor and at least one environmental component. Additionally, the mobile device may receive environmental data from the at least one environmental component. Subsequently, the mobile device may calibrate the received gas sensor data based on the received environmental data and one or more reference characteristic curves. In one or more arrangements, the gas sensor can be a Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) gas sensor or an electrochemical gas sensor configured to sense carbon monoxide.

Abstract: An automatic sensor excitation voltage adjustment feature, a multi-range concentration feature, a single calibration feature and a barrier circuit feature. The automatic sensor excitation voltage adjustment feature includes a transmitter having a transmitter microprocessor that provides an initial voltage to a sensor having a sensor microprocessor. As the voltage changes a correction signal is relayed from the sensor microprocessor to the transmitter microprocessor. The correction signal is used to adjust the voltage applied to the sensor. The multi-range concentration sensor feature includes an amplifier associated with the sensor/microprocessor to create gain settings used to optimize sensor resolution by changing a gain value for the sensor. This enables use of a single sensor for a variety of different concentration ranges.

Abstract: In a method for adjusting a gas sensor having a hollow chamber connected to a measuring gas chamber and having an electrochemical pump cell electrochemically pumping the gas component into or out of the hollow chamber, at least two pumping-in phases are provided in which the gas component is pumped into the hollow chamber by the electrochemical pump cell, and at least two pumping-out phases are provided in which the gas component is pumped out of the hollow chamber by the electrochemical pump cell. On the basis of at least one feature of the pump current during the pumping-out phases (Mout), at least one piece of information for adjusting the gas sensor is generated. A parameter regarding the pumping-in is predefined differently in the at least two pumping-in phases.

Abstract: A pressure sensor may measure gas or liquid pressure. A chamber may have an inlet that receives the gas or liquid. A flexible diaphragm may be within the chamber that has a surface exposed to the gas or liquid after it flows through the inlet. A pressure sensor system may sense changes in the flexible diaphragm caused by changes in the pressure of the gas or liquid. A pressure-insensitive sensor system may sense changes in the flexible diaphragm that are not caused by changes in the pressure of the gas or liquid. The pressure-insensitive sensor system may be insensitive to changes in the flexible diaphragm caused by changes in the pressure of the gas or liquid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of testing are provided to test the durability and resilience of crib mattresses and other child development surfaces. The testing apparatus is configured to provide a movable fixture for imparting repeated force to a mattress. The fixture can include a pair of feet formed thereon to mimic the pressure profile provided by a toddler standing or jumping on a crib mattress. The method provides for the cycling of the apparatus over a predetermined time period and the determination of the deflection of the surface after the time period.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for manufacturing Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display panel, and in particular to a device and a method for detecting evaporation source. Through installing a mobile detector above a linear evaporation source, the vapor-deposition rate of the whole linear can be timely and effectively detected. The feedback of uniformity of vapor-deposition can be effectively given, and at the same time the abnormity of the vapor-deposition can be found. Meanwhile, in order to increase the yield and quality of product as well as prevent the evaporation source pollution caused by the dropping of some defects such as organic material or dust, the mobile detector is locked in one side of the evaporation source when it does not work.

Abstract: Provided is a technique to identify a sample substance attached to an inspection target easily and precisely, while improving the rate of operation and reducing the number of persons required for inspection. A trace detecting system includes detection means to detect the size (vertical and horizontal dimensions) of an inspection target, and selects an air nozzle capable of spraying air jet at 15 m/s or more to the surface of the inspection target for air jet spraying.

Abstract: Embodiments of an apparatus comprising a plurality of multiple-gas analysis devices positioned within a relevant area, each multiple-gas analysis device capable of detecting the presence, concentration, or both, of one or more gases. A data and control center is communicatively coupled to each of the plurality of multiple-gas analysis device, the data and control system including logic that, when executed, allows the data and control center to monitor readings from the plurality of multiple-gas analysis devices and if any readings indicate the presence of one or more contaminants, identifying the source of the contaminants based on the readings from the plurality of multiple-gas analysis devices.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a particle sensor, which comprises a ceramic base body, in the exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine for driving a motor vehicle, wherein a particle loading of the particle sensor is determined by applying an electrical voltage between at least two electrodes with interdigital arrangement, a temperature of the particle sensor is determined with a temperature sensor mounted to the ceramic base body or from the electrical resistance of a heating element and said particle sensor is regenerated by means of heating with the electrical heating element.

Abstract: An integrated hose assembly, as well as a monitoring assembly and method of its use are disclosed. The integrated hose assembly includes a hose assembly with a hose having a first conductive layer electrically connected to a nipple and a second conductive layer electrically connected to a socket. The first and second conductive layers are separated by an insulating layer. The integrated hose assembly further includes a monitoring assembly that includes a housing rotatably mounted around at least a portion of the hose assembly, a first flexibly resilient conductive lead seated within the housing and electrically contacting a first outer surface of the hose assembly such that the first flexibly resilient conductive lead is electrically connected to a nipple, and a second flexibly resilient conductive lead seated within the housing and electrically contacting a second outer surface of the hose assembly such that the second flexibly resilient conductive lead is electrically connected to a socket.

Abstract: There is provided a method of channel leakage detection in a medical device having one or more channels and a housing having an internal volume surrounding at least a portion of the one or more channels, comprising the steps of (a) pressurizing one or more of the channels by introducing air or gas into the channel; and (b) detecting leakage by monitoring pressure increase in the internal volume of the housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compact tube clamping device 50 with a simple structure and used suitably for a hydraulic pressure tester for inspecting quality of an electric resistance welded tube. To achieve this object, a lifting/lowering base 52 including a tube support body 55 on itself is provided onto a fixed base 51 to be able to lift and lower. Clamp claws 56 are mounted in positions, between which the tube support body 55 of the lifting/lowering base 52 is sandwiched, to be able to turn. A claw drive body 58 for lifting and lowering independently of the lifting/lowering base 52 is provided in the lifting/lowering base 52. Opposite side portions of the claw drive body 58 are connected to the opposite clamp claws 56 by links 59 so as to turn the opposite clamp claws 56 in closing directions by lowering with respect to the lifting/lowering base 52.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to systems and methods for monitoring attributes of a fluid within a container, and wirelessly transmitting fluid information to one or more remote deices.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of measuring stable hemoglobin A1c using liquid chromatography in a short time with good reproducibility. The present invention is a method for measuring stable hemoglobin A1c using liquid chromatography, installing on a flow path of a liquid chromatograph a filter whose surface is treated with a solution containing 1 to 50% by weight of a silicone oil or a solution containing 1 to 50% by weight of a silicone resin, and setting a pressure value generated in a measurement system of the liquid chromatograph to 9.8×103 Pa or more and 19.6×105 Pa or less.

Abstract: Techniques for determining a wellbore fluid constituent concentration include depositing a portion of a hydraulic fracturing fluid that includes a base fluid on a quartz crystal microbalance, the base fluid including a constituent; measuring an oscillation frequency of the quartz crystal microbalance based on the constituent of the base fluid; determining, with the quartz crystal microbalance, a mass of the constituent in the deposited portion of the hydraulic fracturing fluid; and based on at least one of the determined mass or the measured frequency, determining a concentration of the constituent of the base fluid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a clamp-on-type ultrasonic concentration metering system and method. The clamp-on-type ultrasonic concentration metering system includes an ultrasonic sensor portion and a concentration meter. The ultrasonic sensor portion is attached to an outer wall of a pipe through which a fluid to be measured flows and that transmits and receives an ultrasonic signal through a wall of the pipe. The concentration meter measures a concentration of a substance according an intensity of the ultrasonic signal that is received after passing through the wall of the pipe, the fluid to be measured, and the wall of the pipe by means of the ultrasonic sensor portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ultrasonic system for measuring both a flow rate and a concentration including: a transmission ultrasonic sensor which is attached to an outer wall of a pipe and which transmits an ultrasonic signal, a concentration-metering ultrasonic sensor which is attached to the opposite outer wall of the pipe and receives the ultrasonic signal that has passed through the wall of the pipe, flow-metering sensors which are attached to the opposite wall of the pipe and receive ultrasonic signals transmitted by the transmission ultrasonic sensor at different points in time, and a unified signal processor which measures a concentration and a total amount of suspended solids according to the intensities of the ultrasonic signals received by the sensors, and measures a flow rate of a fluid using a difference in transit time through a medium.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method whereby: (E1) an inner liquid phase is made to flow in an inner flow member, and an outer liquid phase in an outer flow member, the flow of the inner liquid phase opening within the flow of the second liquid phase; and the temperature and pressure in the contact area between the first and second liquid phases being such that the first and/or second liquid phase is in the supercritical state, (E2) the flow rate of the inner phase and/or outer phase is varied in such a way as to modify the flow profile, and a torque is identified from values of the flow rates of the inner and outer phases, called transition flow rates, from which the modification in the flow profile occurs (from drops to a jet; or from a jet to drops); (E3 ) from the transition torque identified in step (E2), the value of the interfacial tension between the two inner and outer liquid phases is calculated, or the result obtained is compared to that obtained for another torque in the conditions of steps (E1) and (E

Abstract: Disclosed herein are portable diagnostic measurement devices for determining at least one analysis parameter of a bodily fluid, in particular for determining an analyte concentration in a bodily fluid as can occur in blood glucose determinations. Also disclosed are analysis systems including the measurement device and at least one disposable test element. The test element can be designed as a carrier strip and can contact a receiving surface of the measurement device at least partially in a flat manner, where the receiving surface is arranged on a narrow side of the housing of the measurement device.

Abstract: A method for obtaining an edge prep profile of a cutting tool with a point sensor. The method includes: (a) scanning edge points of the cutting tool, including a target edge point on a target edge, with the point sensor, by rotating the cutting tool around its axis, to generate a first point cloud; (b) repositioning the point sensor and cutting tool relative to each other based on the location and orientation information of the target edge point, such that the sensor focus is at a region of interest containing the target edge point; and (c) scanning the region of interest using the point sensor to generate a second point cloud. The first point cloud includes location and orientation information of the target edge point. The second point cloud includes information for edge profile analysis.

Abstract: A system according to the principles of the present disclosure includes a vibration intensity module and a stochastic pre-ignition (SPI) detection module. The vibration intensity module determines a vibration intensity of an engine over a first engine cycle and a second engine cycle. The first engine cycle and the second engine cycle each correspond to a predetermined amount of crankshaft rotation. The SPI detection module selectively detects stochastic pre-ignition when the vibration intensity of the first engine cycle is less than a first threshold and the vibration intensity of the second engine cycle is greater than a second threshold.

Abstract: The equipment for test stands of the braking system of vehicles, in particular for four-wheel drive vehicles, includes a bearing frame having a resting and rotation apparatus for a wheel of a vehicle, suitable for resting the wheel and for allowing the free rotation of the wheel during a test of the braking system of the vehicle, and a containment element associated with the frame and suitable for engaging onto a portion of the wheel to retain the wheel onto the resting and rotation apparatus during the test of the braking system of the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring phase behavior of a reservoir fluid comprises a first sample container and a second sample container in fluid communication with a microfluidic device defining a microchannel. A first pump and a second pump are operably associated with the sample containers and the microfluidic device to fill the microchannel with a reservoir fluid and to maintain a predetermined pressure of reservoir fluid within the microchannel.

Abstract: A sensing system comprises at least one gauge disposed in a wellbore, a sensing link coupled to the at least one gauge, and a debris barrier coupled to the sensing link. The debris barrier comprises a housing coupled to the sensing link, and a barrier element configured to reduce the transport of particulates from the wellbore into the sensing link.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flowmeter for two-phase gas/liquid cryogenic fluids, comprising: a liquid/gas phase separator, preferably consisting of a tank, into the top part of which the cryogenic liquid is admitted; a liquid flow-rate sensor, located in a liquid duct in fluid communication with the bottom part of the tank, the tank being placed in a high position in space relative to the liquid flow-rate sensor; a gas duct, in fluid communication with the top part of the tank equipped with the gas valve; and a device for measuring the level of liquid in the tank, preferably comprising two level sensors: a lower level sensor and an upper level sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed is an impaction densitometer having a chamber configured to receive a particle; a beam generator configured to emit a beam; a detector configured to receive the beam and convert a change in intensity of the received beam into an electrical signal corresponding to a particle volume; an impact sensor positioned a known distance from the beam and configured to measure a particle momentum as a function of an impact energy transferred from the particle to the impact sensor; a velocity calculator configured to calculate a particle velocity based on a time it takes the particle to pass through the beam and strike the impact sensor; a mass calculator configured to calculate a particle mass as a function of the particle momentum and velocity; and a density calculator configured to calculate a particle density as a function of the particle mass and volume.

Abstract: An industrial process transmitter comprises a sensor module, a housing and a compression ring. A process sensor is located in the sensor module. The housing comprises an electronics compartment having an internal space in which transmitter electronics are located, and a sensor compartment having opening into which the sensor module is inserted. The compression ring is attached to the sensor module or the housing and is configured to arrest rotation of the housing with respect to the sensor module.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a tire-wheel assembly comprising a single-cell workstation including a plurality of sub-stations. The plurality of sub-stations includes a weight application sub-station, and an audit balancing sub-station. The apparatus also includes a tire/wheel transporting device positioned within reach of all of the plurality of sub-stations. A method is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining current eccentricity of rotating rotor (1) at which is rotor (1) equipped with a phase marker (5) scanned at constant speed of rotation up to 500 rpm by a sensor (50) of phase marker (5) at the point of the phase marker (5), and outside of the phase marker (5) by at least one sensor (3, 30, 4, 40) of relative rotor vibrations, while after digitizing the signals of the sensors (3, 30, 4, 40, 50), is from them estimated current position of phasor of the 1st harmonic component of signal of the sensor (3, 30, 4, 40) of relative rotor vibrations in the complex plane, which is subsequently compared to a reference position of the phasor of the 1st harmonic component of this signal, which has been determined in advance, whereas the variation vector of the phasors is an image of eccentricity of the rotor (1). Further on, is the invention related to a method of diagnostics of eccentricity of rotating rotor (1) based on this method for determining current eccentricity.

Abstract: A detection element for detecting an angular velocity around at least one of X-, Y- and Z-axes orthogonal to one another, has a support, first to fourth vibration arms connected to the support at each first end, first to fourth weights connected to each second end of the respective vibration arms, and weight adjusting parts. Each vibration arm extends in a X-Y plane. The first and second vibration arms are, and the first and second weights are line-symmetrical with respect to the X-axis passing through the support. The first and third vibration arms are, the first and third weights are, the second and fourth vibration arms are, and the second and fourth weights are line-symmetrical with respect to the Y-axis passing through the support. The weight adjusting parts are provided only on diagonally positioned two of the first to fourth weights or the first to fourth vibration arms.

Abstract: The accelerometer of the present application includes: a main body; a channel positioned in the main body and forming a predetermined movement space; a conductive droplet positioned in the movement space and moving in the movement space according to inertia; a conduction section correspondingly positioned to the movement space and coming in contact with the conductive droplet; and a resistance measurement section connected to the conduction section and measuring the electric resistance of the conduction section.

Abstract: An inertial force sensor that can suppress fluctuation of detection sensitivity even if an external stress is applied to the inertial force sensor. Angular velocity sensor (1), that is, an inertial force sensor includes ceramic substrate (6), lower lid (4) adhering to ceramic substrate (6) with adhesives (11a and 11b) (first adhesives), and sensor element (2) adhering to lower lid (4) with adhesives (10a and 10b) (second adhesives). The elastic moduli of adhesives (11a and 11b) are smaller than those of adhesives (10a and 10b).

Abstract: Provided is a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) resonating accelerometer. The MEMS resonating accelerometer according to the present invention comprises: a first inertial mass; a second inertial mass which is spaced at a predetermined distance from the first inertial mass on a first axis; an elastic body which is provided between the first and second inertial masses so as to apply elasticity; and a tuning fork which is connected to the elastic body and measures the change of frequency according to acceleration, wherein the longitudinal direction of the tuning fork is parallel to a second axis which is perpendicular to the first axis, the elastic body has an opening portion being in a circular shape with a portion thereof removed, and one end of the tuning fork penetrates the opening portion and is connected to the inner surface of the elastic body.

Abstract: A capacitance detection circuit inhibits noise. The capacitance detection circuit detects a change in capacitance between a pair of electrodes of a physical quantity sensor, with these electrodes generating the change in capacitance in response to a change in physical quantity. The capacitance detection circuit has a carrier signal generating circuit that supplies a carrier signal to one of the electrodes, an operational amplifier that has an inverting input terminal to which the other one of the electrodes is input, a dummy capacity that is connected in parallel to the pair of electrodes, and a carrier signal conditioning circuit that inverts a phase of a carrier signal supplied from the carrier signal generating circuit to the dummy capacity and adjusts a gain to inhibit the dummy capacity.

Abstract: In a method for testing a box blank formed from flat material, the said box blank is guided along a blade (12). At least one of the layers (10) is folded onto the blade (12), so that it is located between the layers (10, 14). A component (16) is located opposite the blade (12), which component is located outside the box blank (2). Waves (17, 21) which are affected by the layer (10) are propagated between the blade (12) and the component (16). In order to achieve a high contrast, the blade has at least one physical property which differs from the corresponding physical property of the box blank. (FIG.

Abstract: An ultrasonic sensor has: a diaphragm that includes at least two partial regions for emitting and/or receiving ultrasonic signals, the two partial regions possessing different resonance characteristics; and at least one electromechanical transducer coupled to the diaphragm, to which transducer a control signal having at least two different control signal frequencies is applied. In this context, a first control signal frequency is in the range of a resonant frequency of a first partial region of the diaphragm, and a second control signal frequency is in the range of a resonant frequency of a second partial region of the diaphragm. Alternatively, two electromechanical transducers are used, which are coupled to a diaphragm and have different resonance characteristics.

Abstract: A device and method for performing ultrasound scanning of a substantially cylindrical object, the device comprising a cuff adapted to fit around a circumference of the object, a carrier mounted slidably on the cuff and adapted to traverse the circumference of the object, an ultrasound probe mounted on the carrier and positioned to scan the circumference of the object as the carrier traverses the circumference of the object, a carrier motor mounted on the cuff or the carrier and used to drive the movement of the carrier about the circumference of the object, and one or more data connections providing control information for the carrier motor and the ultrasound probe and receiving scanning data from the ultrasound probe.

Abstract: A method of assessing the condition of a tubular member comprises driving an ultrasonic probe to fire a short pulse ultrasonic beam at the outer surface of the tubular member and analysing the reflected signals from the tubular member to assess the condition of the tubular member. The apparatus comprises an ultrasonic probe (22), means for driving the probe to fire a short pulse ultrasonic beam at the outer surface of the tubular member and means for converting the reflected ultrasonic beam into image signals which can be analysed to assess the condition of the tubular member.

Abstract: An ultrasound probe system includes a main body portion, an ultrasound observation portion transmitting ultrasound in a side surface direction of the main body portion and receiving a reflected wave, a distal-end portion provided such that a proximal-end face, on a proximal-end side is adjacent to a distal-end in an axial direction of the main body portion, a sheath portion housing the main body portion inside to be capable of advancing and retracting in the axial direction, a distal-end face arranged at a distal-end of the sheath portion and facing the proximal-end face, a specimen collecting portion provided on the proximal-end face and/or the distal-end face, the specimen collecting portion being formed at an acute angle to separate a specimen from a subject, and an edge portion arranged on the proximal-end face or the distal-end face to cross the entire circumference of the specimen collecting portion to cut the specimen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for monitoring the condition of elongate structural elements and more particularly but not exclusively, to a system for monitoring and detecting cracks and breaks in railway rails. The invention furthermore extends to the methodology of designing and developing such a system. The method includes the steps of identifying modes of propagation and signal frequencies that can be expected to travel large distances through an elongate structural element; selecting a suitable mode of propagation and frequency of operation; designing a transducer that is adapted to excite the selected mode at the selected frequency; numerically modelling the transducer as attached to the elongate structural element; and analyzing a harmonic response of the selected mode of propagation to excitation by the transducer in order to validate the transducer design.

Abstract: A combined driver and pick-off sensor component (200, 300) for a vibrating meter is provided. The combined driver and pick-off sensor component (200, 300) includes a magnet portion (104B) with at least a first magnet (211). The combined driver and pick-off sensor component (200, 300) further includes a coil portion (204A, 304A) receiving at least a portion of the first magnet (211). The coil portion (204A, 304A) includes a coil bobbin (220), a driver wire (221) wound around the coil bobbin (220), and a pick-off wire (222) wound around the coil bobbin (220).

Abstract: An integrated reference vacuum pressure sensor with an atomic layer deposition (ALD) coated input port comprises a housing with an port for a media to enter the housing; a substrate and stress isolation member in the housing; wherein a channel extends through the substrate and the stress isolation member, wherein a trace is embedded within the stress isolation member, wherein stress isolation member and substrate surfaces exposed to the channel are coated with an ALD; a sensor die bonded to the stress isolation member, the sensor die comprising a diaphragm having circuitry, wherein a side of the diaphragm is exposed to the channel and the circuitry is mounted to another side of the diaphragm; a via extending through the sensing die electrically connecting the circuitry to the trace; and a cover bonded to the stress isolation member, the cover having a recess, the sensor die in the recess.

Abstract: A catheter die is provided and includes a device layer defining a cavity and including a piezoresistive pressure sensor operably disposed proximate to the cavity and an insulator having an opening and being disposed on an upper surface of the device layer such that a portion of the piezoresistive pressure sensor is exposed through the opening. The catheter die further includes an insulation layer bonded to a lower surface of the device layer and first and second bond pads, the first bond pad being electrically coupled to the portion of the piezoresistive pressure sensor via the opening and the second bond pad being disposed on the insulation layer.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for sensing a pressure of a fluid includes a Bourdon tube that has a helical segment and an anvil. A portion of the anvil is positioned within the helical segment. The sensor also includes a dielectric material positioned between the portion of the anvil and the helical segment. The anvil, the dielectric material, and the helical segment form a variable capacitor. A capacitance of the variable capacitor changes based on a pressure applied to the Bourdon tube.

Abstract: The invention concerns a pressure transducer comprising a deflecting membrane, said membrane comprising two piezoresistors (10, 11) of different types, said piezoresistors being arranged such that a same stress or a same strain is applied on said piezoresistors and said piezoresistors (10, 11) yield changes in resistance, wherein a piezoresistor of a first type (10) is positioned such that its current direction is perpendicular to the stress direction (trans verse) and a piezoresistor of a second type is parallel to the stress direction (longitudinal), allowing, when a tensile stress is applied to the transducer, said piezoresistor of the first type to increase its resistance and said piezoresistor of the second type to decrease the resistance; or when a compressive stress is applied to the transducer, said piezoresistor of the first type to decrease its resistance and said piezoresistor of the second type to increase the resistance; wherein said piezoresistor of the first type (10) has a specific width and a