Abstract: A method for use in determining hydrogen embrittlement in a plated sample is provided. The method includes positioning the plated sample between a first holding member and a second holding member, moving the second holding member towards the first holding member to bend the plated sample, and applying a static load to the plated sample for a predetermined duration of time. The static load is applied by bending the plated sample to a distance between the first and second holding members that is a predetermined percentage of a baseline ultimate failure distance of the plated sample.

Abstract: An axle load monitoring system configured for use on an axle housing is provided. The axle load monitoring system can include a mounting structure and a strain gauge. The mounting structure can have a first end portion, a second end portion and an intermediate portion. The first end portion can be fixedly coupled to the axle housing. The second end portion can be fixedly coupled to the axle housing. The intermediate portion can be offset away from the axle housing. The strain gauge can be fixedly coupled to the mounting structure at the intermediate portion. The strain gauge can be configured to measure strain of the mounting structure.

Abstract: A fuel instrument determination device comprises a first obtaining section for obtaining a slope of a change in a fuel flow rate in a first measurement period; a second obtaining section for obtaining a slope of a change in the fuel flow rate in a second measurement period which is different in length from the first measurement period; and a determiner section for determining a fuel instrument, using the slope of the change in the fuel flow rate in the first measurement period and the slope of the change in the fuel flow rate in the second measurement period.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for ultrasonic flow metering of viscous fluids. In one embodiment, an ultrasonic flow metering system includes an ultrasonic flow meter, a flow conditioner, and a reducer. The ultrasonic flow meter includes a pair of ultrasonic transducers arranged to exchange ultrasonic signals through a fluid stream flowing between the transducers. The flow conditioner is disposed upstream of the ultrasonic flow meter. The reducer is disposed between the flow conditioner and the ultrasonic flow meter to reduce the cross sectional area of the fluid stream flowing from the flow conditioner to the ultrasonic flow meter.

Abstract: Motion is induced in a conduit such that the conduit vibrates in a major mode of vibration having a major amplitude and a minor mode of vibration having a minor amplitude. The major amplitude is larger than the minor amplitude, the major mode of vibration has a first frequency of vibration and the minor mode of vibration has a second frequency of vibration, and the minor mode of vibration interferes with the major mode of vibration to cause a beat signal having a frequency related to the first frequency of vibration and the second frequency of vibration. The frequency of the beat signal is determined, and the second frequency of vibration is determined based on the determined frequency of the beat signal.

Abstract: There is provided a method for evaluating prestressing force of a bonded tendon. The method includes: striking a prestressing strand of a bonded tendon with an impact hammer; measuring an acceleration response signal from the prestressing strand using an accelerometer, and receiving the acceleration response signal with a data logger; and calculating stress wave velocity based on the acceleration response signal received by the data logger, and evaluating prestressing force of the bonded tendon, based on the calculated stress wave velocity, using a controller.

Abstract: A stitched sensor including a plurality of threads stitched to a textile in a stitch geometry is described. The plurality of threads includes a conductive thread, and the stitch geometry is configured such that an electrical property of the stitched sensor changes based on at least one of stretching, relaxation, or bending of the textile. Methods for forming a stitched sensor are also described.

Abstract: A device and method for operating a capacitive input device configured to sense input objects and their applied force in a sensing region, the device including a pliable component having an input surface and characterized by a bending stiffness, and first and second arrays of sensor electrodes. The input device further includes a third array of sensor electrodes and a spacing layer disposed between the third array. The pliable component is characterized by a compressive stiffness and configured to deform in response to a force applied to the input surface and to deflect the second array of sensor electrodes towards the third array of sensor electrodes, wherein the deformation of the input surface and the deflection of the second array of sensor electrodes is a function of the ratio of the bending stiffness of the pliable component and the compressive stiffness of the spacing layer.

Abstract: An elastic strain sensor can be incorporated into an artificial skin that can sense flexing by the underlying support structure of the skin to detect and track motion of the support structure. The unidirectional elastic strain sensor can be formed by filling two or more channels in an elastic substrate material with a conductive liquid. At the ends of the channels, a loop port connects the channels to form a serpentine channel. The channels extend along the direction of strain and the loop portions have sufficiently large cross-sectional area in the direction transverse to the direction of strain that the sensor is unidirectional. The resistance is measured at the ends of the serpentine channel and can be used to determine the strain on the sensor. Additional channels can be added to increase the sensitivity of the sensor. The sensors can be stacked on top of each other to increase the sensitivity of the sensor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fecal microbiome transplant material preparation method and apparatus for the preparation of fecal material for a fecal transplant. A healthy patient's stool is collected and deposited in a first container which has its open end attached to a second container to form a fecal processing device. Blender blades are positioned in the second container and a filter is mounted therein. Liquid is injected into the second container through a syringe port having a valve therein to block the escape of liquid from the connected containers. Intake and exhaust ports allow air to enter and escape from the connected containers while blocking the escape of liquid. The liquid and fecal matter in the connected containers is blended and the blended liquid is strained through the filter in the second container and removed through the syringe port for use in a fecal transplant.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for laser ablation of an analyte from a specimen and capturing of the analyte in a dispensed solvent to form a testing solution. A solvent dispensing and extraction system can form a liquid microjunction with the specimen. The solvent dispensing and extraction system can include a surface sampling probe. The laser beam can be directed through the surface sampling probe. The surface sampling probe can also serve as an atomic force microscopy probe. The surface sampling probe can form a seal with the specimen. The testing solution including the analyte can then be analyzed using an analytical instrument or undergo further processing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to methods of use and a (trainable sight glass assembly for use with a sump pump having a pump housing and being adapted to view the condition of oil disposed, within the pump housing. In some embodiments, the drainable sight glass assembly can comprise a sight glass housing having an upper disk layer with a first diameter and a first threaded receptacle formed therein disposed on a top side of the sight glass housing, a lower disk portion with a second diameter and a second threaded receptacle formed therein and disposed on a bottom side of the sight glass housing, and a substantially transparent wall portion connecting upper disk layer to the lower disk portion so that the sight glass has a hollow, substantially frustoconically shaped interior when oil is not in the sight glass housing.

Abstract: A robot (1) having a workpiece mass measurement function for measuring the mass of a workpiece that is held, includes a force measurement unit (5) that measures the force that is applied to the tip part (2) of the mechanism part of the robot (1), and a mass estimation unit (11) that estimates the mass of the workpiece that is held by the robot (1), based on information about the force acquired by the force measurement unit (5) while the robot (1) is moving.

Abstract: An auxiliary drive system including a transmission which is connectable to a prime mover and produces an output torque for driving a driveshaft, the transmission having at least first and second power takeoffs, a pump in fluid communication with a hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor operably connected to the second power takeoff and in fluid communication with the hydraulic pump, a control valve to vary flow rate to the hydraulic motor, the second power takeoff driving a driveshaft operably connected to the transmission.

Abstract: A sealed dual coaxial rotary shaft feedthrough device is provide. The device includes an inner shaft and a hollow outer shaft that is coaxial to encompass the inner shaft. The shafts include coupled drive and driven shafts. The coupling, which may be referred to as an eccentric coupling, causes the driven shaft to rotate with the drive shaft. The rotation is transmitted without breaking the seal by an eccentric portion of either the drive or driven shaft being nutatingly coupled to either a transition cap or transition cup. Nutatingly coupled means rotation of the shaft causes the transition cap or cup to orbit, but not spin, about the longitudinal axis. The nutation is transmitted by the transition cap or cup to the other of the shafts, which rotates.

Abstract: An oil pumping unit with pinion reciprocating on rack has a base, a housing, crown block, a steel wire rope, a motor, a reducer, a pinion, and a rack. Rack seats are fixed on the inner sides of the front portion of the housing, and the rack is secured on the rack seats. The two inner sides of the housing are guiding rails for the reciprocating frame. At each of the four corners of the reciprocating frame, a horizontal guiding wheel and a longitudinal guiding wheel are mounted, connecting to a pendulous frame via a hinge. The rear interior portion of the housing has a power cable box mounted, in the middle of which is an opening. Shelves are mounted on the upper portion of the housing. The steel wire rope (5) passes through the shelves.

Abstract: A clutch mechanism for coupling and decoupling a motor to a rack is disclosed herein. The clutch mechanism having: a clutch lever pivotally mounted to an axis for movement from a first position to a second position; a cam gear having a cam surface, wherein rotational movement of the cam gear causes the cam surface to move the clutch lever from the first position to the second position; and a gear train configured to cause linear movement of the rack in response to rotational movement of the motor, wherein movement of the clutch lever from the first position to the second position disconnects a pair of gears of the gear train.

Abstract: This invention refers to a speed reducer made up of a chain carrying nuts and of a screw, i.e., a ball screw in the case of the first embodiment, a roller screw in the second embodiment. The ball screw or the roller screw drives the nuts when these are aligned on one of the straight stretches of the chain. The ball screw, or the roller screw, can be almost as long as the distance between the centers of the output sprockets on which the chain is mounted; given these features and because the nuts wrap the ball screw, or the roller screw in a great surface, the load capacity is high. Given that in both embodiments the contact is rolling, friction is therefore low and as a consequence, efficiency is high, so high indeed that it allows this invention also to serve as an amplifier.

Abstract: A switch for a cable transportation system has a movable guide with one degree of freedom, along an operating plane, between two designated or given positions; and an actuating assembly having a rotary actuator, and a crank which is rotated by the rotary actuator between two limit stops about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the operating plane, and is connected to the movable guide in such a manner as to define a mechanism having two stable positions corresponding to the designated or given positions of the movable guide when the crank is in the limit stop positions.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for generating vertical force. The device includes a housing, at least one bearing sleeve mounted in the housing, and at least one mass sleeve mounted within the bearing sleeve. The mass sleeve includes first and second masses with the first mass being larger than the second mass and the first and second masses being positioned substantially 180 degrees relative to one another. Related methods are described.

Abstract: A moving body drive apparatus drives a moving body in a linear direction by a drive source. The drive apparatus includes a relay rotating body moved in a traveling direction of the moving body by the drive source, and provided rotatably in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction to relay drive power to the moving body; a rotation converting body arranged stationary relative to the moving body and engaging an outer circumference of the relay rotating body, for converting movement of the relay rotating body moved in the traveling direction into rotation; and a conveyance linear body adapted to be coupled to the moving body and engaging the outer circumference of the relay rotating body. The conveyance linear body moves in the traveling direction of the moving body by the relay rotating body rotating while being moved in the traveling direction of the moving body.

Abstract: A rack-driven auxiliary power steering apparatus prevents a ball nut and a nut pulley from idling due to a slip thereof and increases durability when the drive belt is operated by driving of a motor, and minimizes vibrations and noise transferred through the rack bar, the ball nut, and the nut pulley when the rack bar is slid while the nut pulley and the ball nut are rotating, thereby providing a comfortable steering feeling to the driver.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a nut screw conveying device including a nut and a screw to convert rotational movement into translational movement. In the nut screw conveying device, a plurality of different threads is spirally formed on an inner circumferential surface of the nut, and the screw is provided with a plurality of rotating media to be respectively engaged with the different threads.

Abstract: An electric linear actuator has a housing with an electric motor, a speed reduction mechanism and a ball screw mechanism. The ball screw mechanism converts the rotational motion of the electric motor to an axial linear motion of a drive shaft. The ball screw mechanism has a nut and a screw shaft. The screw shaft is inserted into the nut, via a large number of balls. The screw shaft is rotationally supported on the housing but is axially immovable. An output gear, forming part of the speed reduction mechanism, is secured on the nut. The bearings are arranged at either side of the output gear. The bearings are mounted on the housing, via a ring-shaped washer, formed from an elastic member.

Abstract: A pivoting mechanism with gross and fine adjustment with a housing, an elongate shaft pivotally retained by the housing, resiliently deformable members retained by the housing, cam members coupled to the shaft wherein the cam members are disposed to deform the resiliently deformable members when the cam members are pivoted, and a locking slide bar for selectively causing the cam members to pivot with the shaft to produce gross adjustments in pivoting resistance. First and second ends of the shaft can act as an output interface for outputting the pivoting resistance exhibited by the shaft to a seat back structure, a seat bottom structure, or some other structure. A threaded rod rotated by a handle can adjust an initial deformation of the first resiliently deformable member for fine pivoting resistance adjustment.

Abstract: A transmission shift device includes a rotary shaft rotationally connected to an input shaft of a transmission, first and second clutch rings rotationally connected to an output shaft of the transmission at a first gear ratio and a second gear ratio, respectively, a clutch hub fixed to the rotary shaft between the first clutch ring and the second clutch ring, a sleeve restricted a relative rotation with the clutch hub and movably engaged with the rotary shaft in the axial direction, first and second dog clutch portions projected from respective side surfaces of the first and second clutch rings and engageably and disengageably meshing with sleeve spline formed at the sleeve, and an elastic member positioned between the clutch hub and the sleeve and restricting a movement of the sleeve in the axial direction in each of a neutral state, a first shift state and a second shift state.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gear which is rotationally fixed on a driveshaft. The gear consists of injection-molded plastic, and the driveshaft consists of a plastic material which is different from the gear, said shaft being encapsulated by the gear. The shaft consists of plastic, and the plastic of the gear has a higher elasticity than the plastic of the shaft. The shaft has a connecting region which increases the diameter of the shaft in the connecting region where the shaft is encapsulated by the gear.

Abstract: In a shift lever device, a width dimension of left ribs and right ribs is set larger than a diameter dimension of a left support shaft portion and a right support shaft portion. In the event of an impact load being imparted to a shift lever in different directions to a control lever axial direction, the left rib and the right rib are broken in this impact load direction since the left rib and the right rib are formed so as to face the whole diameter of the left support shaft portion and the right support shaft portion. Impact load can accordingly be absorbed even in the event that an impact load is imparted to the shift lever in different directions to a control lever axial direction. Namely, impact load can be absorbed for impact load directions within a range of a specific angle. Dependency on the impact load direction is accordingly suppressed when absorbing an impact load imparted to the shift lever.

Abstract: Cement or other liquid-like material fills the hollow tubes of a machine tool under construction. The machine tool structures are held rigidly against a fixture while the substance dries. The machine tool so constructed is relatively lightweight and rigid, and obviates the need for precision machining of large portions of the apparatus.

Abstract: A force detector includes a plate-like first member, a plate-like second member provided with a gap between the first member and itself, an elastic member provided between the first member and the second member, and a plurality of pressure-sensitive devices provided between the elastic member and the second member, wherein an area of a surface of the elastic member at the first member side is larger than an area of a surface of the elastic member at the second member side. Further, the first member and the second member respectively have plate-like shapes. Furthermore, three or more of the elastic members are provided.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for providing treatment to a target site are described. The system may include a guide assembly, an expandable support device coupled with the distal end of the guide assembly, and an operative member disposed on the expandable support device. The expandable support device may be configured to transition between a collapsed and expanded configuration. The expandable support device may be supported by one or more flexible supports aligned in parallel with an axis about which the expandable support device collapses and/or multiple splines arranged in a pattern configured to promote transitioning of the expandable support device between an expanded and collapsed configuration. The guide assembly may be configured to provide torque to the expandable support device. The operative member can include multiple electrodes arranged in parallel to the axis about which the expandable support device collapses.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for providing treatment to a target site are described. The system may include a guide assembly, an expandable support device coupled with the distal end of the guide assembly, and an operative member disposed on the expandable support device. The expandable support device may be configured to transition between a collapsed and expanded configuration. The expandable support device may be supported by one or more flexible supports aligned in parallel with an axis about which the expandable support device collapses and/or multiple splines arranged in a pattern configured to promote transitioning of the expandable support device between an expanded and collapsed configuration. The guide assembly may be configured to provide torque to the expandable support device. The operative member can include multiple electrodes arranged in parallel to the axis about which the expandable support device collapses.

Abstract: An articular structure for a robot according includes: a first intermediate link (26a) supported on a first member (22) to be rotatable about a first axis; a first arm (25a) having one end connected to a second member (23) with a ball joint interposed therebetween and the other end connected to the first intermediate link (26a) with a ball joint interposed therebetween; a first actuator (28a) for rotating the first intermediate link (26a) about the first axis; a second intermediate link (26b) supported on the first member (22) to be rotatable about a second axis; a second arm (25b) having one end connected to the second member (23) with a ball joint interposed therebetween and the other end connected to the second intermediate link (26b) with a ball joint interposed therebetween; and a second actuator (28b) for rotating the second intermediate link (26b) about the second axis.

Abstract: The machine contains the machine's body (1) with guide (L) and the manipulator that consists of the first arm (A) and the second arm (B). Inside guide (L), situated at one of the sides of the machine's, body (1) the following elements, which constitute successive elements of the manipulator, are mounted: element (C1) that guides the end of the first arm (A) together with the first drive (A1) and element (C2) that guides the and of the second arm (B) together with the second drive (B1), whereas the opposite ends of the first arm (A) and the second arm (B) are joined together with each other in the self-aligning manner. The movement range of the tool's socket (2), as delineated by area (P), which constitutes a rectangle with sides (X) and (Y), where side (X) is parallel to guide (L).

Abstract: In an embodiment of the invention, an anti-rotation assembly for a steering column is provided. The anti-rotation assembly includes a bushing and a pin having a detent for engaging the bushing when the pin is inserted into the bushing.

Abstract: An adjustable button apparatus of a lock includes an adjusting sleeve, a transmission rod, a driving plate and a positioning pin, the adjusting sleeve is movable between a positioning position and an adjusting position. When the adjusting sleeve is located at the positioning position, the adjusting sleeve presses the positioning pin and makes the positioning pin engaged with the transmission rod and the driving plate, when the adjusting sleeve is located at the adjusting position, the positioning pin separates apart from the driving plate to make the driving plate transversely movable in the transmission rod. Via the positioning pin inserted at various positions of the driving plate for adjusting a joint length formed by jointing the transmission rod and the driving plate, the lock is applicable for installation in doors of various door thicknesses.

Abstract: An accelerator pedal device includes a slide guide path which is formed in a housing, a first slider which is engaged with the pedal arm for receiving pedaling force as being slidably arranged in the slide guide path and which includes a first inclined face inclined against a movement direction of the first slider, a second slider which is slidably arranged in the slide guide path and which includes a second inclined face contacted to the first inclined face, and an urging spring which exerts urging force in a direction opposing to the pedaling force as being engaged with the second slider, wherein the slide guide path is formed as being tapered in a direction of movement of the first slider and the second slider which are moved in association with depression of the accelerator pedal. Accordingly, desired hysteresis can be obtained on the pedaling force while achieving downsizing.

Abstract: Food processing devices with attached handles are disclosed. The handle may be locked to prohibit movement of the handle relative to the food processing device and unlocked to permit movement of the handle relative to the food processing device. The mechanism for unlocking the handle may include a cam-type arrangement. The handle may function as part of a safety system which controls actuation of a motor.

Abstract: A rotary control (100, 500, 700) provides improved running-torque through a running-torque stack up assembly (140). The running-torque stack up assembly (140) may be implemented in a modular approach (500, 700) independent of a shaft (130) and switch housing, or may be implemented to incorporate the shaft (100) and switch housing. The running-torque stack up assembly (140) is formed of a spring (114), a stationary disk (112), and a rotating disk (108) having sliding top and bottom surfaces provided through either pads (106, 110) or an overmolded coating (710).

Abstract: The invention relates to a camshaft, especially for motor vehicle engines, comprising a hollow outer shaft (1) and an inner shaft (2) arranged coaxially in the outer shaft (1) and mounted in such a way that it can rotate in relation to the outer shaft (1). Said camshaft also comprises first cams (3a) arranged on the outer shaft (1) in a rotationally fixed manner, and second cams (3b) that are arranged on the outer shaft (1) and fixed to the inner shaft (2). According to the invention, a supporting element (7) is provided on at least one of the end regions of the inner shaft (2), said supporting element projecting past the outer shaft (1) in the radial direction. An outer peripheral surface (8) of the outer shaft (1) and an associated inwardly facing surface (9) of the supporting element (7) form a radial bearing.

Abstract: Provided is a utility vehicle which can shorten the entire length of an air intake duct. The utility vehicle includes a belt-type continuously variable transmission that converts and transmits a driving force from an engine, a transmission case that accommodates the continuously variable transmission, an air intake duct that introduces outside air into the transmission case, and an exhaust duct that discharges air in the transmission case, wherein the transmission case is provided in a console box, and an air intake port of the air intake duct is arranged in the console box.

Abstract: A driving apparatus for a hybrid vehicle includes an engine, a motor having a stator and a rotor, and a transmission to which a driving force is delivered selectively from the engine, the motor or both the engine and the motor. The motor is provided between the engine and the transmission to transmit the driving force to the transmission. The motor can be an inner rotor-type motor in which the stator is disposed at an outer side of the motor and the rotor is disposed at an inner side of the motor or an outer rotor-type motor in which the stator is disposed at an inner side of the motor and the rotor is disposed at an outer side of the motor.

Abstract: A transmission includes a main gearbox and an electric machine. The main gearbox has a primary shaft, a secondary shaft and gear sets, each having a driving gearwheel carried by a respective primary shaft and a driven gearwheel carried by a respective secondary shaft. A first gearwheel and a second gearwheel meshing with each other are idly mounted on the primary shaft and on the secondary shaft, respectively, and are selectively connectable for rotation with the respective shaft by a first coupling device and of a second coupling device, respectively. The electric machine is releasably connected to the first gearwheel or to the second gearwheel, such that with the first coupling device in an engaged position the electric machine is able to transmit torque to the primary shaft on which the first gearwheel is mounted, while with the second coupling device in an engaged position, the electric machine is able to transmit torque to the secondary shaft on which the second gearwheel is mounted.

Abstract: A seat drive device is provided with: a single rotary motor; a plurality of operating members, which are arranged to correspond to a plurality of positioning mechanisms; a plurality of tubular members, which are arranged to correspond to the positioning mechanisms and selectively connect an output shaft to the positioning mechanism corresponding to the operating member operated with the operation of any one of the operating members and input shafts rotated by the rotary motor; and a single switch, which passes an electric current through the rotary motor with a polarity corresponding to the direction of the operation with the operation of any one of the operating members.

Abstract: The drive device according to the invention for a vertical roller mill comprises an output gear wheel fixed or capable of being fixed to a rotating grinding table of the vertical roller mill; and a plurality of main drives; a support structure having a ceiling plate; each main drive having a motor and a main gear unit comprising a drive gear capable of meshing with the output gear wheel; said output gear wheel being driven by each of said main drives, wherein said main drives are fitted below the ceiling plate and at least the main gear unit is partially suspended from the ceiling plate, in particular the main drive is partially suspended from the ceiling plate.

Abstract: A machine tool (2) comprising at least one operational group (300) and a main body (10) which supports and moves the parts on which to perform the operations. The main body (10) comprises—at least one mobile table (11) which supports the parts;—at least one fixed portion (12) which supports at least one operational group (300);—means of moving the mobile table (11) comprising a rotation shaft (15), positioned along the main axis in a central cavity. The means for moving the mobile table (11) move it rotationally and further comprise a toothed crown (18) and at least one satellite (17) positioned between the mobile table (11) and the rotation shaft (15).

Abstract: A magnesium-based alloy powder is provided that comprises a magnesium-based alloy containing 0.2 mass % to 5 mass % of calcium. The magnesium-based alloy powder has an average particle diameter of 100 ?m to 1,500 ?m. The mean value of hardness variation index values obtained by dividing the difference of the maximum value and the minimum value of micro Vickers hardnesses taken at 10 measurement points in a particle cross section by the maximum value is 0.3 or less. The magnesium-based alloy powder has a particle surface coated with a calcium oxide-containing coating layer.

Abstract: A magnesium-based alloy powder is made of a magnesium-based alloy that contains 0.2 mass % to 5 mass % of calcium, wherein the magnesium-based alloy powder has an average particle diameter of 100 ?m to 1,500 ?m, wherein the magnesium-based alloy powder has a particle average aspect ratio of 0.5 to 1, wherein the magnesium-based alloy powder has an apparent density of 0.2 g/cm3 to 1.2 g/cm3, and wherein the mean value of hardness variation index values obtained by dividing the difference of the maximum value and the minimum value of micro Vickers hardnesses taken at 10 measurement points in a particle cross section by the maximum value is 0.3 or less.

Abstract: A tube welding rod resistant to low stress abrasion comprises a welded tube and a filler filling the welded tube. Components of the filler comprise macrocrystalline tungsten carbide particles, cast tungsten carbide particles and/or spherical cast tungsten carbide particles undergone surface carburization treatment, mechanically ground cast tungsten carbide particles, alloy powder, and an organic binder. The weight percentages of the components are: the macrocrystalline tungsten carbide particles being 10-50%, the cast tungsten carbide particles and/or spherical cast tungsten carbide particles undergone surface carburization treatment being 43-85%, the mechanically ground cast tungsten carbide particles being 0-20%, the alloy powder being 2-6%, and the organic binder being 0.2-1%. The welding rod improves the abrasion resistance performance of the hard-faced layer in the low stress working condition, and is particularly suitable for surface hardening of cone rolling bits and diamond bits.

Abstract: An aspect provides a method of treating direct reduced iron (DRI) pellets, by applying a foam to the DRI pellets. The foam may include a foam having an expansion ratio of about 20-40 and a bubble size of about 200 microns or less. The foam may include one or more additives, such as anti-corrosion agent(s), oxidizing agents, and dust reducing binder(s). The foam(s) may be applied in a single stage or in multiple stages and may be applied to hot or cold DRI pellets. Other aspects are described and claimed.