Abstract: A rotating electric machine includes a stator and a rotor. Each of magnetic poles of the rotor includes a magnet insertion hole, a permanent magnet that is inserted in the magnet insertion hole, and a nonmagnetic portion formed between the permanent magnet and an auxiliary salient pole. A portion of the rotor core located toward the stator relative to the nonmagnetic portion function as a bridge portion connecting a magnetic pole peace with the auxiliary salient pole. A side of the nonmagnetic portion located toward the stator includes a first side at the bridge portion, extending along a virtual circular arc passing through the permanent magnet insertion hole closest to the stator, and a side of the nonmagnetic portion located toward the auxiliary salient pole includes a second side extending away from the stator, with the first side and the second side connected through a curved line.

Abstract: A plurality of salient poles projecting toward a stator are arranged on a rotor core along the circumferential direction while being spaced apart from each other, and rotor windings are wound around these salient poles. The rotor windings are short-circuited through diodes, respectively; and when currents rectified by the diodes flow through the rotor windings, the salient poles are magnetized to produce a magnet where the magnetic pole is fixed. The width ? of each salient pole in the circumferential direction is smaller than a width corresponding to an electric angle of 180° of the rotor, and the rotor windings are wound around each salient pole by short-pitch winding.

Abstract: An arrangement to ensure an air gap in an electrical machine is provided. The electrical machine has a stator arrangement and a rotor arrangement, the rotor arrangement rotating around a longitudinal axis. An air gap is defined by a distance between parts of the rotor arrangement and parts of the stator arrangement, wherein the parts of the stator arrangement are opposite to the parts of the rotor arrangement along a certain length. The stator arrangement includes a lamination stack which is constructed to support a winding of a stator-coil, and the rotor arrangement includes a plurality of permanent magnets. A cross section of the air gap changes along the certain length such that the air gap is not uniform in view to the certain length. The cross section of the air gap is configured by a change in a shape of the lamination stack along the certain length.

Abstract: A rotary electric machine includes a plurality of lead end holding grooves defined in insulators at an outer circumferential surface of a stator core, for guiding respective ends of coil leads therein. The lead end holding grooves are defined by ledges of the insulators. The ledges have respective lands which are convex in widthwise directions of the lead end holding groove.

Abstract: An electrical machine includes an armature and at least one field magnet arrangement separated by a gap from each other. The armature and/or the field magnet arrangement include a plurality of coils. Each coil includes conductive body sections. The body sections of the coils are joined electrically by conductive end sections. At least one of the end sections of at least one coil of the armature is tilted in a direction away from the armature towards the field magnet arrangement and/or at least one of the end sections of at least one coil of the field magnet arrangement is tilted in a direction away from the field magnet arrangement towards the armature. The electrical machine may be used in a wind turbine to generate electrical power.

Abstract: An axial self-supported coil for a slotless rotating electric motor. The axial self-supported coil includes one coil body formed by winded electrical conductors, with a head at each end, the electrical conductors in the coil body being substantially coplanar with the motor rotation axis, each coil head having an axial thickness, the axial self-supported coil having a conductor filling factor, characterized in that at least one of the electrical conductors is a multi-stranded conductor, in that a deformation arrangement of the multi-stranded conductor increases the conductor filling factor and in that a bending arrangement of the multi-stranded conductor reduces the axial thickness of each coil head.

Abstract: A permanent magnet motor includes a permanent magnet rotor, a stator surrounding the rotor having a plurality of teeth radially inwardly oriented toward a longitudinal axis of the stator wherein each tooth has a tooth length and a tooth tip surface geometry. An asymmetric air gap is defined by variations in the tooth lengths and tooth tip surface geometries.

Abstract: A stator core includes three split cores, each of the split cores including a core-back portion including an inner surface facing a rotor, a tooth base portion protruding radially inwards from the inner surface of the core-back portion and a pair of tooth overhang portions protruding from both sides of a tip end of the tooth base portion in a circumferential direction. The inner surface of the core-back portion including a pair of orthogonal surface regions extending from both sides of a base end of the tooth base portion in a direction orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to the tooth base portion, the orthogonal surface regions extending radially outwards beyond projection positions of tip ends of the tooth overhang portions when the tooth overhang portions are projected on an imaginary plane including the orthogonal surface regions in parallel or substantially in parallel to the tooth base portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotor that exhibits a rotor shaft, by which a rotor axis is defined, and also a core stack that is arranged around the rotor shaft along a longitudinal portion of the rotor axis. Along the longitudinal portion the rotor shaft exhibits a first surface region, the shape of which describes a circular cylinder, and also a second surface region which is constituted by structural elements that with respect to the rotor axis rise radially outwardly above the first surface region. For the purpose of producing the rotor, the core stack can be pushed over the rotor shaft and in the process can be pushed against the structural elements) in such a manner that it is deformed and by this means a positive connection between the rotor shaft and the core stack is generated. In this way, in particularly simple manner in terms of production engineering a reliable and torsion-proof connection between the core stack and the rotor shaft can be formed.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention relate to a carbon brush for transmitting high currents, having a connecting element for connecting an electrical track and a consumable contact element with a contact surface that is designed to lie flush against a commutator device, wherein the connecting element and the contact element are combined in a layer transition zone aligned perpendicularly to the direction of wear of the carbon brush and form a one-piece molded body, wherein the connecting element and the contact element have different compositions, such that a carbon component of the contact element is greater than the carbon component of the connecting element and the contact element has a metal component differing from that of the connecting element.

Abstract: An electrical machine is provided. The electrical machine includes a rotor comprising an inner rotor having a plurality of inner rotor poles and an outer rotor having a plurality of outer rotor poles. The electrical machine further comprises a stator configured to modulate a magnetic flux and to transmit torque to inner rotor and the outer rotor, the stator comprising a stator core interposed concentrically between the inner rotor and the outer rotor; a multiple of stator windings disposed in a plurality of stator slots, the stator windings configured to form a multiple of stator poles. The stator further comprises a plurality of stator teeth interposed between the plurality of stator slots, wherein an arithmetic sum or difference of twice number of stator teeth and a number of the stator poles equals a number of rotor poles.

Abstract: A piezoelectric resonator includes a resonator substrate having a resonating body with a thickness that is associated with a resonant frequency, a conductor disposed on the resonating body and having a body electrode, a base having a groove aligned with the body electrode and defined by a groove-defining wall, a base electrode disposed on the groove-defining wall and cooperating with the body electrode and the base to form a capacitor load, and a cap disposed on the resonator substrate in a manner that the resonator substrate is sandwiched between the cap and the base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a piezoelectric bimorph switch, specifically a cantilever (single clamped beam) switch, which can be actively opened and closed. Piezoelectric bimorph switch are known from the prior art. Such a switch may be regarded as an actuator. Actuators are regarded as a subdivision of transducers. They are devices, which transform an input signal (mainly an electrical signal) into motion. Electrical motors, pneumatic actuators, hydraulic pistons, relays, comb drive, piezoelectric actuators, thermal bimorphs, Digital Micromirror Devices and electroactive polymers are some examples of such actuators. The switch of the invention comprises piezoelectric stack layers (121, 122), which form a symmetrical stack, wherein an electric field is always applied in the same direction as the poling direction of the piezoelectric layers.

Abstract: In one aspect, matching layers for an ultrasonic transducer stack having a matching layer comprising a matrix material loaded with a plurality of micron-sized and nano-sized particles. In another aspect, the matrix material is loaded with a plurality of heavy and light particles. In another aspect, an ultrasound transducer stack comprises a piezoelectric layer and at least one matching layer. In one aspect, the matching layer comprises a composite material comprising a matrix material loaded with a plurality of micron-sized and nano-sized particles. In a further aspect, the composite material can also comprise a matrix material loaded with a plurality of heavy and light particles. In a further aspect, a matching layer can also comprise cyanoacrylate.

Abstract: A piezoelectric generator includes a fixing part; a cantilever formed at a front edge of the fixing part; a weight part formed at a front end of the cantilever; a centroid adjustment part by which a position of a centroid of the weight part is adjusted; and a piezoelectric generating cell formed on top of the cantilever.

Abstract: In a composite substrate, a back surface of a piezoelectric substrate and a front surface of a support substrate are bonded to each other with an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer includes a swelling portion at an outer peripheral area thereof, and the piezoelectric substrate is bonded to the support substrate in an area excluding the swelling portion 16a. Accordingly, air bubbles do not easily enter between the swelling portion of the adhesive layer and the piezoelectric substrate, and separations caused by the air bubbles can be prevented. As a result, the support substrate and the piezoelectric substrate can be reliably bonded to each other with the adhesive layer including the swelling portion in the outer peripheral area thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a piezoelectric thin-film element including a piezoelectric thin-film layer having good surface morphology and high crystallinity. The method includes forming a lower electrode layer on a substrate; forming a piezoelectric thin-film buffer layer on the lower electrode layer at a relatively low film-formation temperature; forming a piezoelectric thin-film layer on the piezoelectric thin-film buffer layer at a film-formation temperature that is higher than the film-formation temperature for the piezoelectric thin-film buffer layer; and forming an upper electrode layer on the piezoelectric thin-film layer.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a first electrode, a first multilayer composite disposed on the first electrode, a second multilayer composite disposed on the first electrode with a distance from the first multilayer composite, and a covering layer covering the side surfaces of the first and second multilayer composites and the surface of the first electrode between the first multilayer composite and the second multilayer composite. The first and second multilayer composites each include a piezoelectric layer and a second electrode over the piezoelectric layer. The first electrode contains a metal that can react with chlorine, and has at least one of a bump and a dip at the surface thereof between the first multilayer composite and the second multilayer composite.

Abstract: A method of making a light-emitting diode (LED) bulb and an LED bulb comprising a base, a shell connected to the base forming an enclosed volume. A thermally conductive liquid is held within the enclosed volume. A laminate support structure connected to the base and a plurality of flange portions formed in the laminate support structure. A plurality of LEDs are attached to the plurality of flange portions and arranged in a radial array.

Abstract: A self-cooling screw bulb-type electromagnetic induction lamp comprises a bulb body, an inner tube, amalgam and a coupler, wherein the inner tube is arranged inside the bulb body, and the coupler is arranged inside the inner tube; besides, the lamp further comprises a screw-type lamp cap and a radiating piece, wherein the bulb body is connected on the screw-type lamp cap through the radiating piece, and the coupler is connected with the radiating piece. The disclosure effectively solves the problem that the installation of the electromagnetic induction lamp is incompatible with the conventional lighting fitting, while effectively improving the heat-radiating efficiency and the performances, thereby facilitating the promotion, popularization, application and development of the electromagnetic induction lamp.

Abstract: A lighting device includes at least one first electrically activated emitter, at least one lumiphor support element comprising a lumiphoric material spatially segregated from the first electrically activated emitter and arranged to receive at least a portion of emissions from the first electrically activated emitter, and at least one second electrically activated emitter disposed on or adjacent to the at least one lumiphor support element. First and second electrically activated emitters having different peak wavelengths may be in conductive with first and second device-scale heat sinks, respectively.

Abstract: A lamp with a light-emitting unit, at least two separate contact modules and an electrical connection between the light-emitting unit and the contact modules, wherein each contact module has at least one electrical contact for connecting to a corresponding lampholder, is presented and described. So that other lamps can be operated safely as gas-discharge lamps in lampholders provided for them, it is envisaged that at least one protective device for prevention of electric shock is provided on at least one of the electrical contacts in a partially assembled state of the lamp in a corresponding lampholder, and that the protective device is designed to assume a deactivated position in the assembled state of the lamp and an activated position in the dismantled state of the lamp.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include methods and devices for producing light by injecting electrons from field emission cathode across a gap into nanostructured semiconductor materials, electrons issue from a separate field emitter cathode and are accelerated by a voltage across a gap towards the surface of the nanostructured material that forms part of the anode. At the nanostructure material, the electrons undergo electron-hole (e-h) recombination resulting in electroluminescent (EL) emission. In a preferred embodiment lighting device, a vacuum enclosure houses a field emitter cathode. The vacuum enclosure also houses an anode that is separated by a gap from said cathode and disposed to receive electrons emitted from the cathode. The anode includes semiconductor light emitting nano structures that accept injection of electrons from the cathode and generate photons in response to the injection of electrons.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a light-emitting circuit including a substrate, a plurality of light-emitting portions, and a luminous intensity distribution control member is provided. A plurality of the light-emitting portions are arranged apart from each other on the substrate. A plurality of the light-emitting portions each have a plurality of light-emitting elements and a color mixing unit. A plurality of the light-emitting elements radiate light. The color mixing unit combines the lights sealing a plurality of the light-emitting elements and radiated from a plurality of the light-emitting elements. The luminous intensity distribution control member includes a plurality of lenses provided corresponding to a plurality of the light-emitting portions, respectively, provided so that respective lights radiated from a plurality of the light-emitting portions enter a plurality of the lenses respectively, and configured to control the luminous intensity distribution of the light-emitting portions.

Abstract: A multi-chip lighting emitting device (LED) lamp for providing white light includes a submount including first and second die mounting regions thereon. A first LED chip is mounted on the first die mounting region, and a second LED chip is mounted on the second die mounting region. The LED lamp is configured to emit light having a spectral distribution including at least four different color peaks to provide the white light. For example, a first conversion material may at least partially cover the first LED chip, and may be configured to absorb at least some of the light of the first color and re-emit light of a third color. In addition, a second conversion material may at least partially cover the first and/or second LED chips, and may be configured to absorb at least some of the light of the first and/or second colors and re-emit light of a fourth color. Related light fixtures and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting system having favorable luminance uniformity in a light-emitting region when the lighting system has large area. According to one feature of the invention, a lighting system comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a layer containing a light-emitting substance formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, an insulating layer which is formed over a substrate in a grid form and contains a fluorescence substance, and a wiring formed over the insulating layer. The insulating layer and the wiring are covered with the first electrode so that the first electrode and the wiring are in contact with each other.

Abstract: To reduce the thickness of a lighting device which uses an electroluminescent material and to simplify the structure of a lighting device which uses an electroluminescent material, in the lighting device of the present invention: a terminal electrically connecting a light-emitting element included in the lighting device to the outside is formed over the same surface of a substrate as the light-emitting element; and the terminal is formed at the center of the substrate while the light-emitting element is stacked. In addition, the lighting device has a structure in which the light-emitting element is not easily deteriorated.

Abstract: A lighting device including a photoluminescent plate may be provided that includes a light source and a photoluminescent plate disposed over the light source. The photoluminescent plate includes a base layer and a first phosphor layer. The base layer transmits light and has a first roughness on one surface thereof. The first phosphor layer is disposed on the one surface of the base layer and includes a first phosphor.

Abstract: To provide a display device with higher image quality and reliability or a large-sized display device with a large screen at low cost with high productivity. A function layer (such as a coloring layer or a pixel electrode layer) used in the display device is formed by discharging a liquid function-layer-forming material to an opening formed with a layer including a first organic compound which has a C—N bond or a C—O bond in the main chain as a base and a layer including a second organic compound as a partition. The fluorine density exhibiting liquid repellency to the liquid function-layer-forming material, which is attached to a surface of the layers including organic compounds, is controlled, whereby a liquid repellent region and a lyophilic region can be selectively formed.

Abstract: As a result of miniaturization of a pixel region associated with an improvement in definition and an increase in a substrate size associated with an increase in area, defects due to precision, bending, and the like of a mask used at the time of evaporation have become issues. A partition including portions with different thicknesses over a pixel electrode (also referred to as a first electrode) in a display region and in the vicinity of a pixel electrode layer is formed, without increasing the number of steps, by using a photomask or a reticle provided with an auxiliary pattern having a light intensity reduction function made of a diffraction grating pattern or a semi-transmissive film.

Abstract: A mother substrate for forming flat panel display apparatuses and a method of manufacturing the same, the mother substrate including a substrate; a plurality of display units on the substrate, the display units being for forming a plurality of flat panel display apparatuses; a sealing substrate facing the display units; sealing members between the substrate and the sealing substrate, the sealing members surrounding each of the display units; a plurality of wiring units between the substrate and the sealing substrate, the wiring units overlapping the sealing members; a connecting unit including a conductive material, the connecting unit connecting adjacent wiring units in one direction and having a width that is greater than a width of each of the wiring units; and inlets connected to the plurality of wiring units and an external power source, the inlets being for applying a voltage to the plurality of wiring units.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display device includes: forming a display unit on a substrate; disposing a bonding layer including thermosetting resin and surrounding the display unit, on the substrate; forming a sealing substrate including a composite member and a metal layer disposed on one side of the composite member, the composite member including a resin matrix and a plurality of carbon fibers; disposing the sealing substrate on the bonding layer such that the metal layer faces the display unit; and bonding the substrate with the sealing substrate by hardening the bonding layer, connecting a power source to the plurality of carbon fibers to use the composite member as a heating body.

Abstract: A light emitting device package is disclosed. The light emitting device package includes a light emitting device, a body that includes first and second lead frames electrically connected to the light emitting device and has a cavity disposed on the first and second lead frames, and a resin material that fills the cavity and includes a main material having a vinyl group (—CH?CH2) and a sub-material having a plurality of silane groups (Si—H). In the resin material, the vinyl groups and the silane groups are cross-linked to each other by curing. According to an FT-IR signal, an optical density (absorbance) of silane groups (Si—H) not reacted with the vinyl groups (—CH?CH2) may be in the range of 0.0002 to 0.01 (arb. unit).

Abstract: A device for stimulable light emission that includes a fiber mat of nanofibers having an average fiber diameter in a range between 100 and 2000 nm, and includes plural stimulable particles disposed in association with the nanofibers. The stimulable particles produce secondary light emission upon receiving primary light at a wavelength ?. The average fiber diameter is comparable in size to the wavelength ? in order to provide scattering sites within the fiber mat for the primary light. Various methods for making suitable luminescent nanofiber mats include: electrospinning a polymer solution including or not including the stimulable particles and forming from the electrospun solution nanofibers having an average fiber diameter between 100 and 2000 nm. Methods, which electrospin without the stimulable particles, introduce the stimulable particles during electrospinning or after electrospinning to the fibers and therefore to the resultant fiber mat.

Abstract: A plasma lamp apparatus. The apparatus can have a bulb coupled to at least the first end of a support member that is provided within a housing having an interior and exterior region. The housing can also have a first coupling member disposed within the housing, and a gap can be provided between the first coupling member and the support member. Additionally an rf source can be coupled to the support member. A fill material, which can include at least a first volume of a rare gas, a first amount of a first metal halide, a second amount of a second metal halide, and a third amount of mercury, can be spatially disposed within the bulb.

Abstract: A low-voltage, multi-beam, multi-MW RF source that operates at a voltage less than or equal to approximately 60 kV and generates at least one MW. The RF source includes a cathode configured to generate a plurality of beamlets. An input cavity and output cavity are common to the plurality of beamlets. A plurality of gain cavities are provided between the input and output cavities, each having a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of beamlets. The power source may further include a plurality of cathodes, each cathode generating a plurality of beamlets, wherein the input and output cavities are common to the plurality of beamlets from each of the plurality of cathodes, and a separate set of gain cavities are provided for each cathode. A single cathode version generates approximately 2.5 MW, and a four cathode version having four independent cavity systems and a common magnetic system generates approximately 10 MW.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a class of mm and sub mm wavelength amplifiers and oscillators operating with miniature helical slow wave circuits manufactured using micro fabrication technology. The helices are supported by diamond dielectric support rods. Diamond is the best possible thermal conductor, and it can be bonded to the helix. The electron beam is transmitted, not through the center of the helix, but around the outside. In some configurations the RF power produced may be radiated directly from the slow wave circuit. The method of fabrication, which is applicable above 60 GHz, is compatible with mass production.

Abstract: An electric light bulb type light source apparatus includes a light source unit, a power source substrate, a drive substrate, a base, and a casing. On the power source substrate, a power source circuit is mounted, and the power source substrate has one of a through hole and a cutout. On the drive substrate, a drive circuit of at least the light source unit is mounted, and the drive substrate includes a part disposed in the one of the through hole and the cutout of the power source substrate. The base is used to supply power to the power source substrate. The casing is configured to contain the light source unit, the power source substrate, and the drive substrate, and the casing has a translucent cover.

Abstract: A lighting control device for a headlamp of a vehicle includes a light-blocking range setting unit that sets a light-blocking range in a light distribution pattern in accordance with a position of a target vehicle that is present ahead of the vehicle, based on an image acquired by capturing a front view from the vehicle by a camera, and a moving direction detection unit that detects a moving direction of the target vehicle in a horizontal direction based on the image. In addition, a light-blocking range correction unit corrects the light-blocking range based on the moving direction detected by the moving direction detection unit, wherein the light-blocking range correction unit corrects the light-blocking range so that at least a moving direction side of the light-blocking range is expanded, and a headlamp control unit that drives the headlamp based on the light-blocking range corrected by the light-blocking range correction unit.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an electrical module and a method for illuminating a HID lamp on a vehicle, and in particular an off-road recreational vehicle. The electrical module and the method involve a capacitor and a voltage delay mechanism. The capacitor may be charged during the operation of the vehicle or when the operator wishes to illuminate the HID lamp. The voltage delay mechanism comprises a charge-actuated switch and a breakdown voltage means for preventing the supply of current to the HID lamp until the capacitor is charged to a voltage sufficient to illuminate the HID lamp. The voltage delay mechanism also comprises a power-actuated latch relay for maintaining the charge-actuated switch in a position that bypasses the breakdown voltage device, so that the HID lamp remains illuminated even after the voltage has decreased to the operating requirements of the HID lamp.

Abstract: An ignition system for a plasma jet ignition plug that enables a reduction in production cost and provides excellent ignition performance through improvement of plasma formation efficiency. The ignition system includes a plasma jet ignition plug having a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a cavity surrounding at least a portion of a gap formed between the center electrode and the ground electrode to form a discharge space, and a voltage application section for applying voltage across the gap. The ignition system further includes a capacitance section having a capacitance and provided in parallel with the plasma jet ignition plug between the plasma jet ignition plug and the voltage application section.

Abstract: A plasma processing systems having at least one plasma processing chamber, comprising a movable grounding component, an RF contact component configured to receive RF energy from an RF source when the RF source provides the RF energy to the RF contact component, and a ground contact component coupled to ground. The plasma processing system further includes an actuator operatively coupled to the movable grounding component for disposing the movable grounding component in a first position and a second position. The first position represents a position whereby the movable grounding component is not in contact with at least one of the RF contact component and the ground contact component. The second position represents a position whereby the movable grounding component is in contact with both the RF contact component and the ground contact component.

Abstract: An inductively coupled radio frequency plasma flood gun having a plasma chamber with one or more apertures, a gas source capable of supplying a gaseous substance to the plasma chamber, a single-turn coil disposed within the plasma chamber, and a power source coupled to the coil for inductively coupling radio frequency electrical power to excite the gaseous substance in the plasma chamber to generate plasma. The inner surface of the plasma chamber may be free of metal-containing material and the plasma may not be exposed to any metal-containing component within the plasma chamber. The plasma chamber may include a plurality of magnets for controlling the plasma and an exit aperture to enable negatively charged particles of the resulting plasma to engage an ion beam that is part of an associated ion implantation system. Magnets are disposed on opposite sides of the aperture used to manipulate the electrons of the plasma.

Abstract: Driver circuits (1) for driving load circuits (2) comprising first and second light circuits (21-22, 71-72) are in first/second modes for input voltages having first/second voltage amplitudes, the second voltage amplitudes being larger than the first voltage amplitudes. The first light circuits (21, 71) are on in the first and second modes. The second light circuits (22, 72) are off in the first modes and are on in the second modes. A control circuit (21, 71) in dependence of the modes to extend control. These currents may get smaller current amplitudes in higher modes. Light outputs of the first light circuit (21, 71) may get smaller in higher modes. A total light output of all light circuits (21-22, 71-72) may remain substantially constant during all modes.

Abstract: A driver circuit for driving an LED includes a rectifier circuit to receive AC voltage and to convert the AC voltage to DC voltage. The driver circuit further includes a filter circuit for filtering the DC voltage. The driver circuit further includes a detection circuit for determining a change in the filtered DC voltage over a predetermined time interval. The driver circuit further includes a dampening circuit for dampening the filtered DC voltage responsive to the detection circuit determining that the change in filtered DC voltage over the predetermined time interval exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: An illustrative LED driver circuit includes an automatic on and off control function using a light sensing circuit having a light sensing element reacting to ambient light. The circuit uses flyback converter topology and a power factor correction (PFC) controller. The light sensing function is provided by coupling the light sensing circuit to a monitoring/disable function of the PFC controller, thus providing automatic on and off control of the LED driver circuit by using a light sensing element such as a photocell.

Abstract: An LED driver includes a power converter to convert an input voltage to a regulated voltage, a current source to be connected with an LED string in series between the power converter and a bias node, and a switching circuit to apply a bias voltage to the bias node to set the total voltage drop of the LED string and the current source. By controlling the total voltage drop of the LED string and the current source, the LED driver will automatically select a boost mode or a buck mode for operation, thereby improving the efficiency thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving LEDs using high voltage includes a plurality of LEDs divided into a plurality of LED segments connected in series and a plurality of three-terminal voltage controlled current limiting devices. Each of the current limiting devices is associated with one of the LED segments and has a first terminal connected to a negative end of the associated LED segment, a second terminal applied with a bias voltage and a third terminal connected to a common node. A current source is connected between the common node and ground. A power-loss reduction circuit having a plurality of LEDs controlled by an LED controlling circuit may further be inserted between the common node and the current source to reduce the power loss in the current source because of the high voltage at the common node.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for driving and to an associated command and control device for discharge lamps (2), for example high pressure sodium lamps (2), supplied by an alternating current electrical supply network. Both the method and the device provide the use of an electronic microprocessor (7) receiving on the input side data relating to the current drawn by the lamp (7) and connected on the output side to a power switch (6) for high frequency switching of the alternating current supply to the lamp.

Abstract: Various embodiments of systems for transmitting and receiving digital and Various embodiments of systems for transmitting and receiving digital and/or analog signals across a single isolator, solid state lighting systems, or DC/DC converter feedback regulation control systems are disclosed. In one embodiment, the digital and analog signals may be modulated into a frequency modulated signal, and each pulse of the frequency modulated signal may be further encoded into a major pulse and a minor pulse. At least some of the circuits, systems and methods disclosed herein may be implemented using conventional CMOS design and manufacturing techniques and processes to provide, for example, a single integrated circuit or ASIC.