Abstract: A multiplying analog-to-digital converter is provided. A sample-and-hold unit samples an analog signal, to obtain a sample level. A analog-to-digital converting unit converts the analog signal to a digital signal. A digital-to-analog converting unit converts the digital signal to a recovered signal level. A operating unit provides an output signal according to the difference between the sample level and the recovered signal level. A comparator compares a level of the output signal with an upper threshold level and a lower threshold level, and accordingly provides an indicating signal, wherein the upper and lower threshold levels define a predetermined level range. When the indicating signal indicates that the level of the output signal is outside the predetermined level range, a controller shifts a value of the digital signal and accordingly provides an adjusted digital signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an audio processing system includes a frequency control block that forms a system clock and a master audio clock. The frequency control block is configured to change a frequency of the system clock and change a relationship between the system clock and the master audio clock so that the frequency of the master audio clock remains substantially constant.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for a successive approximation analog-to-digital converter with dynamic search algorithms are provided. In some embodiments, a successive approximation analog-to-digital converter includes a digital-to-analog converter, a comparator, and a search and decode logic modules which cooperate to generate a digital output code representative of the analog input voltage based on a dynamic search algorithm. The dynamic search algorithms may alter a sequence of reference voltages used to successively approximate the analog input voltage based on one or more characteristics of the analog input voltage.

Abstract: Methods and systems for time interleaved analog-to-digital converter timing mismatch calibration and compensation may include receiving an analog signal on a chip, converting the analog signal to a digital signal utilizing a time interleaved analog-to-digital-converter (ADC), and reducing a blocker signal that is generated by timing offsets in the time interleaved ADC by estimating complex coupling coefficients between a desired digital output signal and the blocker signal utilizing a decorrelation algorithm on frequencies within a desired frequency bandwidth. The decorrelation algorithm may include a symmetric adaptive decorrelation algorithm. The received analog signal may be generated by a calibration tone generator on the chip. An aliased signal may be summed with an output signal from a multiplier. The complex coupling coefficients may be determined utilizing the decorrelation algorithm on the summed signals.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) including a plurality of comparators connected to the ADC. The ADC further includes a first pair of terminals and a second pair of terminals connected to each of the plurality of comparators. The ADC further includes a first pair of switches coupled to each of the first pair of terminals and a second pair of switches coupled to each of the second pair of terminals, where the first and second pair of switches are configured to alternate a corresponding comparator between normal operation and a calibration configuration. Comparators other than the corresponding comparator are configured for normal operation if the corresponding comparator is configured to be calibrated.

Abstract: A sampling device for sampling an incoming signal in order to generate an output signal having a different frequency spectrum from the incoming signal. The device comprises a sampler configured to sample the incoming signal at a series of intervals in time, wherein the series of intervals includes a temporally repeating sequence of intervals, and wherein the duration of successive intervals varies throughout the series.

Abstract: A method can be for use in a photonic analog to digital converter, a first optical signal and a radio frequency signal. The method modulates the first optical signal based on the radio frequency signal, quantizes one or more of phase, quadrature, and amplitude coordinates of the modulated signal, and provides the quantized coordinates to one or more electronic analog to digital converters.

Abstract: A sigma-delta modulator includes a processing circuit, a quantizer, a truncater and a feedback circuit. The processing circuit receives an input signal and an analog information and generates an integrated signal by perform an integration upon a difference between the input signal and the analog information. The quantizer includes a successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for receiving the integrated signal and generating a digital information according to the integrated signal. The truncater receives the digital information and generates a truncated information according to the digital information. The feedback circuit generates the analog information to the processing circuit according to the truncated information.

Abstract: A digital to analog converter and a method for controlling a current source array in a digital to analog converter relate to the field of electronics technologies, and are used to reduce a system error. The digital to analog converter includes: a decoding module, a switch array, and a current source array, where the decoding module is configured to generate a 2n?1-bit first temperature code by using high n bits of an input 2n-bit binary digital signal, generate a 2n?1-bit second temperature code by using low n bits of the 2n-bit binary digital signal, and control, by using the 2n?1-bit first temperature code and the 2n?1-bit second temperature code, a working sequence of 2n×2n?1 unit switches.

Abstract: A current steering digital-to-analog converter (DAC) switch driver circuit is provided. The circuit is composed of a conditioning module having a signal input to accept a binary logic digital signal, and signal outputs to supply differential driver signals V+ and V? with a low voltage level (Vlow) greater than the binary logic digital signal low voltage level. Typically, Vlow has a greater potential than ground (0V). A DAC current steering cell has a signal input to accept the differential driver signals and an output to supply a differential analog current responsive to the differential driver signals. The DAC current steering cell may be an NMOS DAC current steering cell. The conditioning module may be a CMOS switch driver, or composed of a level shifter followed by a CMOS switch driver.

Abstract: A harmonic time interleave (HTI) system can include a sample clock to provide a reference signal, a summing component to receive the reference signal and a second input, a splitter component to receive an input signal, and delay blocks to each receive an output from the splitter. The HTI system can also include digitizing components to receive the reference signal from the sample clock and an output from each of the mixing components, and a poly-phase filter matrix block to receive an output from each of the digitizing components. The HTI system can also include an interleave reconstruction block to receive an output from the poly-phase filter matrix block and interleave time domain signal samples from each digitizer to create a reconstructed waveform.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) comprises a sample/hold (S/H) unit, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a comparing unit, and a control unit. The S/H unit samples a first analog signal. The control unit comprises a compensating unit. The compensating unit receives an indication signal, and compensates a current bit and all its less significant bits, such that the sum of the current bit and all its less significant bits approximates a bit weight of the current bit, when the indication signal indicates that the comparison result cannot be determined. The compensating unit then outputs the compensated current bit and all its less significant bits together with more significant bits of the current bit.

Abstract: The solution according to the invention consisting in conversion of a voltage value to a digital word of a number of bits equal to n is characterized in that the converted voltage value is first mapped to a portion of electric charge accumulated in the sampling capacitor (C-n) during the active state of the signal on the trigger input (InS) and the accumulated charge portion is next successively redistributed by the use of the current source (I) in the array (A) of binary-scaled capacitors (Cn-1, . . . , C0) in the order of decreasing capacitances starting from the capacitor (Cn-1) having the highest capacitance value in the array (A). The process of charge redistribution is controlled by the control module (CM) on the basis of the output signals of the comparators (K1) and (K2) without the use of a clock while the value one is assigned to these bits (bn-1, . . . , b0) in the digital output word that correspond to the capacitors (Cn-1, . . .

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter includes a plurality of sequentially cascaded stages, each stage including an amplifier and four copies of a circuit block including a flash and capacitors, in which the four copies of the circuit block operate interleavingly in a respective sample mode, pre-gain mode, gain mode, and reset mode of the circuit block, the copies of the circuit block in the sample mode, pre-gain mode, and reset mode are decoupled from the amplifier, and the copy of the circuit block in the gain mode is coupled to the amplifier to produce an output for a next following stage.

Abstract: A charge redistribution SAR analog-to-digital converter includes a source of a reference voltage, a digital-to-analog converter, and a reset circuit. The digital-to-analog converter includes converter stages that range in significance from most significant to least significant. Each converter stage includes respective capacitors and switches. The switches are controllable to selectively connect the capacitors to the reference voltage or to ground. The capacitors of the converter stages are weighted in capacitance in accordance with significance of the converter stage. The reset circuit is to control the switches to reset the converter stages with a temporal offset between at least two of the converter stages. The temporal offset between the at least two of the converter stages reduces the dependence of the charge drawn from the reference voltage source during each conversion cycle on the sample of an analog input signal converted to a digital value during the conversion cycle.

Abstract: A base band to frequency up-converter is described wherein the base band to frequency up-converter comprises a first input for receiving a first base band signal of first base band samples and a second input for receiving a second base band signal of second base band samples and an output for providing up-converted radio signal samples. The base-band to radio frequency up-converter further comprises a phase converter for converting the first base band signal of first base band samples and the second base band signal of second base band samples into a first intermediate signal of first intermediate samples, a second intermediate signal of second intermediate samples, and a third intermediate signal of third intermediate samples. The intermediate samples are then up-converted into radio signal samples.

Abstract: A system using a remote control to provide independent control of power to one or more track fans and track lights, as well as control of speed of rotation of each fan, and brightness of each light across one or more tracks of various types. The remote control also allows groups of track fans and/or track lights to be controlled together, and allows the controlled track fans and track lights to be attached to different tracks.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention can predict the ground location and intensity of storm cells for a future time using radar reflectivity data. In some embodiments, a Sinc approximation of the general flow equation can be solved to predict the ground location and intensity of a storm cell. In some embodiments, to solve the Sinc approximation the velocity of a storm cell can be estimated using various techniques including solving the flow equation in the frequency domain. The results can provide efficient prediction of storm cell position in nowcasting applications.

Abstract: The conventional ESPRIT method is accompanied by the problem of very long signal processing time. The radar device of the invention includes a signal vector-forming unit for forming signal vectors based on waves reflected from an object and received by using a plurality of receiving antennas; a submatrix-forming unit for forming submatrices based on the signal vectors; a regular matrix operation unit for calculating a regular matrix from the submatrices; an eigenvalue decomposition unit for calculating an eigenvalue of the regular matrix; and an angle calculation unit for calculating an angle at where the object is present from the eigenvalue.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and a radar apparatus for transmitting a transmission signal at a controlled timing in order to avoid signal interference, thereby exactly detecting a target object without misrecognition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of pulse compression in signal processing, and more particularly, to systems and methods for the synthesis of waveforms for suppressing sidelobes and sidebands using a combination of time and spectral control. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a set of waveform symbols which can be used to maximize use of disaggregated grey-space spectrum, adapt to changing spectral condition, and maintain or enhance data rates relative to standard binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) under normal conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for performing a 3D image reconstruction at a high speed and high resolution, regardless of a measurement distance. Specifically, a weight for image reconstruction is previously set, and a 3D image reconstruction algorithm is performed at a high speed, without reducing a resolution, by a parallel processing for image reconstruction, a computation of a partial region using a database based on a measurement result, and a generation of a variable pulse waveform.

Abstract: Techniques for monitoring transmission performance of a satellite communications systems are provided, including techniques for measuring the primary contributors to the end-to-end SNR, including the uplink SNR, the downlink SNR, and the C/I for each link in the network. These individual measurements are used to estimate satellite effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP), satellite antenna gain-to-noise-temperature (G/T), and loss due to an Earth Terminal pointing error. The EIRP, satellite antenna G/T and loss due to Earth terminal pointing error may then be used to determine operating parameters for the satellite communications network that enable the network to operate more efficiently.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing error detection latency in LPV approaches are provided. In certain embodiments, a method for navigational guidance includes calibrating inertial measurements acquired from an inertial navigation system with satellite-based augmentation system position measurements acquired from a satellite-based augmentation system to create corrected inertial navigation system positions. The method also includes determining whether the satellite-based augmentation system experienced a fault when the inertial measurements were calibrated with the satellite-based augmentation system position measurements. Further, when the satellite-based augmentation system did not experience a fault, the method includes monitoring the satellite-based augmentation system navigation position measurements based on the corrected inertial navigation system positions.

Abstract: A system and method may include a plurality of transmit and receive antennas covering one sector of a cellular communication base station; a multi-beam RF beamforming matrix connected to the transmit and receive antennas; a plurality of radio circuitries connected to the multi-beam RF beamforming matrix; and a baseband module connected to the radio circuitries. The multi-beam RF beamforming matrix may be configured to generate one sector beam and two or more directional co-frequency beams pointed at user equipment (UEs) within the sector, as instructed by the baseband module. A number M denotes the number the directional beams and a number N denotes the number of the radio circuitries and wherein M>N.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a positioning system and a method based on a radio communication apparatus including multiple antennas, and more particularly, to a positioning system and a method of positioning a terminal using a communication apparatus including multiple antennas. The positioning system and the method based on a radio communication apparatus including multiple antennas calculate a position of a terminal using a single communication apparatus in which the multiple antennas are mounted and can calculate the position of the terminal more accurately by using two or more communication apparatuses. In addition, the positioning system and the method communicate with a transception apparatus, a relay station, or a wireless access point of an existing communication system, thereby accurately obtaining the position of the terminal.

Abstract: A wireless device having an antenna structure incorporates a conductive structure to extend an effective length of at least one component of the antenna structure. The enhanced 3-D conductive structure is applicable to a variety of antenna types, including, but not limited to, a CRLH structured antenna.

Abstract: An antenna module is provided. The antenna module includes a radiator, a feed conductor, a ground element, a ground conductor and a short conductor. The feed conductor is connected to the radiator. The ground conductor connects the radiator to the ground element. The short conductor connects the feed conductor to the ground conductor.

Abstract: A radiation component of a miniature antenna comprises an access part for transmitting signals, two first radiating structures mirrored upon a mirror line with each other and spacing at intervals, and a second radiating structure connected with the first structures. Every first radiating structure has a first circuit and a second circuit spacing at intervals and along a straight line substantially parallel to the mirror line, and a third circuit connecting the first circuit and the second circuit. The second radiating structure has two first circuits intersected with the extending lines of the first circuits in the first radiating structure, and a second circuit connecting the first circuits. The access part is electrically connected to an end of the first circuit in the first radiating structure which is far away from the mirror line.

Abstract: A mounting system is provided. The mounting system may include a network device, a socket, and a socket cover. The network device is operable to provide one or more network services. The socket is configured to be installed with an opening of an installation surface. The network device is sized to engage the socket and disposed in the opening of the installation surface. The socket cover is sized to engage with the socket such that the network device is covered. The mounting system may be used to install the network device with the installation surface.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus capable of thinning and miniaturizing without causing degradation of antenna characteristics and impairment of operability and its manufacturing method are provided. An electronic apparatus includes: an upper case; a lower case which is connected to the upper case so that the lower case can slide against the upper case; a storage unit placed on a face of the lower case side of the upper case; an antenna stored in the storage unit; and a slot placed on a face of the upper case side of the lower case, wherein the slot has a shape which can store at least part of the storage unit.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a casing, at least an antenna body, a feeding point and a control unit. The casing has a display portion. The antenna body is disposed at the casing and at least has two radiation paths and a switching element. Parts of the radiation paths are respectively disposed at two sides of the display portion. The switching element is electrically connected with the radiation paths. The feeding point is electrically connected with the switching element and operationally connected to one of the radiation paths. The control unit controls the switching element based on the rotation of the electronic apparatus. When one of the radiation paths is located between a user and the display portion, the control unit controls to selectively switch the switching element for connecting the other radiation path to the feeding point.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to impedance tuning of transmitting and receiving antennas.

Abstract: A multiband antenna (200) comprising a substrate (202) and at least one conductive plate (204) on the substrate (202). The at least one conductive plate (204) defines a first conductive region (206), a second conductive region (208) and a third conductive region (210). The first, second and third conductive regions (206, 208, 210) are configured so as to define a first gap (212) between the first conductive region (206) and the second conductive region (208); and a second gap (214) between the second conductive region (208) and the third conductive region (210). The multiband antenna also comprises a feeding port (230) comprising a signal terminal (230a). The signal terminal (230a) is configured to couple the second conductive region (208) to a first connecting element for conducting transmit or receive signals.

Abstract: An antenna system is provided in a portable electronics device having a printed circuit board assembly. The antenna system includes a first antenna and a second balanced antenna provided on the printed circuit board assembly. The first antenna is fed from a portion of the printed circuit board assembly such that a ground plane of the printed circuit board assembly serves as a counterpoise for the first antenna. The second balanced antenna has dipole ends configured and oriented to generally minimize coupling to the ground plane of the printed circuit board assembly to increase isolation between the first antenna and the second balanced antenna.

Abstract: An antenna unit and a radio communication device are provided. An antenna unit has a monopole antenna section and a loop antenna section. The monopole antenna section includes a linear radiating electrode that resonates at a first frequency and has an electrical length of one-quarter of the wave length corresponding to the first frequency. The loop antenna section includes a radiating electrode that resonates at a second frequency, is vertically erected on a non-ground region, and connected to a feed line. A proximal end of the radiating electrode of the loop antenna section is connected to an intermediate portion of the feed line, and a distal end thereof is connected to a ground region. The electrical length of the radiating electrode of the loop antenna section is one-half of the wave length of the second frequency.

Abstract: An antenna system is provided for use in wireless communication, the antenna system is contained in a modular structure. The antenna system includes a plurality of co-located antennas, including at least one active modal antenna, each of the antennas being adapted for operation at a distinct frequency band. The antenna system further includes an active tuning module for tuning a frequency response of the co-located antennas.

Abstract: An active antenna system and algorithm is proposed that provides for dynamic tuning and optimization of antenna system parameters for a MIMO system that will provide for greater throughput. As one or multiple antennas are loaded or de-tuned due to environmental changes, corrections to correlation and/or isolation are made by tuning the active antenna. A null-steering technique is implemented to alter the near-field and far-field characteristics to aid in modifying correlation and isolation in the multi-antenna system.

Abstract: Directive gain antenna elements implemented with an aperture-fed patch array antenna assembly are described. A feed network for the aperture-fed patch array may include offset apertures and may also include meandering feed lines. Scalable aperture shapes and orientations that can be used with antennas operating at any frequency and with dual orthogonal polarizations are also disclosed. Directive gain antenna elements implemented with arrays of orthogonal reflected dipoles are also described with optimal feed networks and parasitic elements to achieve desired directive gain characteristics. Such arrayed dipole antennas feature dual orthogonal polarizations with assembly tabs that lower cost and improve reliability. Backhaul radios that incorporate said antennas are also disclosed.

Abstract: A gyrotropic metamaterial structure that include a plurality of chiral metamaterials forming one or more pairs of dipole structures. A plurality of lumped circuits are positioned between the one or more pairs of dipole structures. The lumped circuits have a plurality of subwavelengths antennas that are combined to change the polarization states of an incident polarized wave by producing Faraday-like rotation allowing for nomeciprocal propagation of the incident polarized wave.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dielectric resonator antenna comprising: a dielectric resonator; a ground plane, operatively coupled with the dielectric resonator, the ground plane having four slots; and a substrate, operatively coupled to the ground plane, having a feeding network consisting of four microstrip lines; wherein the four slots are constructed and geometrically arranged to ensure proper circular polarization and coupling to the dielectric resonator; and wherein the antenna feeding network combines the four microstrip lines with a 90 degree phase difference to generate circular polarization over a wide frequency band.

Abstract: The invention provides a multi-band antenna comprising a planar substrate which in use is intended for vertical mounting, and has a bottom edge and a top edge. A conductor pattern is printed on one side of the substrate with three slots. A first slot is a U or J shape facing downwardly and a second is a U or J shape facing upwardly. A third slot extends in the vertical direction and is open at the top. A first antenna feed is coupled to a horizontal track of the second slot and a second antenna feed is coupled to the third slot. The three slots together provide multi-band performance in three bands.

Abstract: An antenna for producing an omni-directional pattern, and using all frequencies of a frequency range simultaneously, is provided with first and second electrically conductive elements disposed coaxially relative to a central axis. The first element has a first surface of revolution about the axis, the first surface of revolution tapering radially outwardly while extending axially away from the second element to terminate at a first axial end of the first element. The second element has a second surface of revolution about the axis, the second surface of revolution tapering radially outwardly while extending axially toward the first element to terminate at a first axial end of the second element. The first and second surfaces of revolution overlap one another radially and axially, and are mutually non-conformal.

Abstract: In an antenna coil including a first magnetic core, a second magnetic core, and a flexible board, coil conductors are provided on a surface of the flexible board. By winding the flexible board around the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core, a first coil portion is disposed around the first magnetic core, and a second coil portion is disposed around the second magnetic core. The winding direction of the second coil portion is opposite to that of the first coil portion. The first coil portion and the second coil portion are connected to define one coil as a whole.

Abstract: An antenna comprising a network of arrayed radiating elements, a first reflective means comprising a flat central part upon which are disposed the radiating elements and longitudinally folded edges on either side of the array of elements, and at least one second reflective means which is a choke reflector disposed outside of the space separating the radiating elements of the reflector's folded edge. The second reflective means is separated from the first reflective means by a layer of dielectric material in order to connect it to the first reflective means by way of capacitive coupling.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a portable antenna window bracket that securely supports a satellite dish or other over the air type antenna outside a window without the need to drill into or make permanent physical attachment to the window or structure surrounding the window. The portable antenna bracket allows an antenna mounted thereon to be positioned beneath the window, thereby maintaining a clear and unobstructed view through the window. An extender is provided with an antenna receiver and a bridge on distal and proximal ends of the extender, respectively, as well as an interior support of the bridge positioned opposite the extender. An extender support is also provided with first and second edges, with the second edge adapted to abut a surface beneath the window, to support antenna weight and stabilize the antenna bracket.

Abstract: A driver chip for controlling a high-resolution display panel is presented. The driver chip is not much larger than a conventional driver chip that is currently used for lower resolution display panels. The driver chip applies data signals to the data lines of the display panel and gate control signals to a gate driver that is formed in the peripheral region of the display panel. The gate driver, which may be made of amorphous silicon TFTs, generates gate signals in response to the gate control signals from the driver chip and applies the gate signals to gate lines. Since the driver chip of the invention controls more gate lines and data lines than a conventional chip of about the same size, the driver chip may be easily adapted for display devices having multiple panels. Where multiple panels are used, the panels may be scanned simultaneously or sequentially.

Abstract: A multiple display system having at least two mechanical arrangements such that in one of the at least two arrangements one of the multiple displays is stowed, out of the way mechanically and visually, when only a first display is in use; and one of the other of the at least two arrangements wherein the other of the multiple displays is substantially coplanar and adjacent to the one screen when both screens are in use. The other display in the one of the other of the at least two arrangements also runs the graphical user interface of an application, permitting the multiple display system to offer at least two programs running simultaneously, each with its own visual user-interface operating on its own display.

Abstract: An information processing device including a plurality of rectangular-shaped casings each including a first principal surface, and a second principal surface opposing the first principal surface and including a display panel having a predetermined aspect ratio. The information processing device including a connecting portion connecting each of the plurality of rectangular-shaped casings in a closed state in which each of the plurality of rectangular-shaped casings are mutually overlaid and a display panel of at least one of the plurality of rectangular-shaped casings is externally exposed, and in an open state in which wall portions of mutually adjacent rectangular-shaped casings abut and the display panels of each of the plurality of rectangular-shaped casings face a similar direction. The information processing device further includes a terminal state detecting unit that detects the closed state and the opened state, and a display control unit that controls display of each of the display panels.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of a first device for selecting at least one of a plurality of second devices to be accessed. The method includes transmitting pieces of media data to the corresponding plurality of second devices one-to-one, and determining at least one of the plurality of second devices to be accessed by the first device according to a user's selection on the basis of the pieces of media data being reproduced by both the first device and each of the plurality of second devices.