Abstract: Systems and methods for early warnings of power loss in solid state storage drives are disclosed. Early warnings of power loss can be used to power the drive to force the drive into a low power states before the energy in backup power sources, such as backup capacitors, is used. The low power states can allow for the reduction of power use by the drive which can provide cost savings and reduction in the risk that the drive will be rendered reconfigurable by a power failure event.

Abstract: A combination of components is provided for use in making asphalt concrete from a plurality of aggregate material streams. The combination includes an indirect dryer for heating aggregate material from a first material stream without directly exposing said first stream material to hot gases of combustion. The combination also includes a mixer for mixing aggregate material from the first material stream, aggregate material that has not been heated in the indirect dryer from a second material stream, and a binder component to produce asphalt concrete.

Abstract: Truck-mounted tipping equipment for mixing and discharging concrete quickly includes an open tipping bucket shaped as a rectangular prism in the front and a semi-truncated cone in the rear that narrows towards a hydraulic discharge trap-door. The mixing and discharge mechanism has a spindle in an oblique position, to which helical fins have been welded serving as an endless screw. The diameter of these fins varies with the helix having a larger radius in the front (nearest to truck's cabin), and a reduced diameter rear part. The spindle keeps the concrete in continuous movement during transportation to prevent it from setting, and continuously moves the concrete towards the rear hydraulic trap-door. The trap-door remains closed until the concrete needs to be discharged. Once the majority of the total load is extracted, the tank is tipped to the rear to discharge the remaining concrete.

Abstract: A mixing blade is formed into a spiral shape by disposing blade plates, which are twisted in a predetermined manner in a circumferential direction of the blade, adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction along an inner wall surface of a mixer drum. Each of the blade plates includes a rib extended in the circumferential direction of the blade.

Abstract: A screw pair includes first and second screws having an outer circumferential surface on which a groove is spirally formed, and transports a raw material in a first direction along each of axis centers. An inner surface of the groove of each of the screws includes a first surface, which faces in the first direction, and in which the outer circumferential surfaces of the screws are formed to coincide with each other without a gap therebetween in the state where the screws mesh with each other, and a second surface, which faces in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and which forms a gap between the outer circumferential surfaces of the screws in the state where the screws mesh with each other.

Abstract: A method is provided for testing a diffusely reflective liquid for colour strength, said liquid comprising particles in a carrier medium, e.g. white emulsion paint based on titanium dioxide. The method comprises measuring in situ a lightness parameter of the liquid, of the carrier medium and of the liquid diluted with amounts of carrier medium; and determining from said measurements a dilution parameter indicating the amount of carrier medium needed to produce a predetermined reduction in the lightness parameter of the liquid, said dilution parameter providing an indication of colour strength. The lightness parameter may be L* in the CIE L*, a*, b* colour space, and the test may be carried out using a diffuse reflection probe (10) configured to direct light from said probe (10) into the liquid and configured to collect a portion of the light from the probe (10) diffusely reflected by the paint for determining the lightness parameter. The results may be used for process control e.g.

Abstract: To suppress the thermal expansion of a slide bar and to prevent occurrence of failures such as galling or malfunctioning to the slide bar, a resin discharge mechanism, provided in mixing equipment that includes a barrel having a hollow interior and a pair of mixing rotors accommodated in the barrel and that mixes a resin material by causing the paired mixing rotors to rotate within the barrel, for discharging a part of the resin material mixed by the mixing rotors to an outside of the barrel, the resin discharge mechanism including: a resin discharge passage provided in the barrel, and communicating an inside of the barrel with the outside of the barrel; a slide bar closing or opening the resin discharge passage by moving across the resin discharge passage; and a cooling device provided within the slide bar, and cooling the slide bar using a cooling fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mixing system comprising a vessel (1) for housing a disposable fluid mixing bag (2), which vessel (1) comprises a base (3) supporting the fluid mixing bag (2) and a sidewall (4) extending vertically upwards from the base (3). The sidewall (4) of the vessel comprises a door opening (5) which is closable by a sliding door (6). The system with the sliding door provides an easy access to the inside of the vessel (1) in a space saving manner.

Abstract: A drug reconstitution device comprising a disposable liquid transfer unit (18) and a reusable control and drive unit (16) removably connectable to the liquid transfer unit, the liquid transfer unit including a housing (26), a docking interface (30) configured for coupling at least one of first and second constituent containers (2, 4) to the housing (10), and a pump engine (28) and fluid flow system (36) configured for transferring liquid from the first constituent container (2) to the second constituent container (4). The control and drive unit comprises a pump drive (22) configured to drive the pump engine during a liquid transfer action, the pump drive comprising a transmission output coupling (34) removably engaged with a transmission input coupling (50) of the pump engine (28) when the liquid transfer unit and control and drive unit are connected.

Abstract: Devices for preparing a liquid solution are disclosed. The device includes a receptacle defining a cavity for receiving at least one active substance to be dissolved, at least one inlet leading into the cavity for feeding at least one solvent into the cavity, and at least one outlet leading out of the cavity for discharging the liquid solution including the at least one active substance and the at least one solvent from the cavity. The cavity or the receptacle may include a flexible outer shell for enclosing the cavity and an inner, preferably columnar, supporting element for stretching the flexible outer shell between at least two points, the supporting element comprising the at least one inlet at its first end and the at least one outlet at its second end and being enclosed by the flexible outer shell to provide an axially rigid cartridge that can be used in currently customary dialysis machines comprising cartridge connection systems, which can be produced at low cost.

Abstract: An ultrasonic measuring apparatus includes an ultrasonic transducer device having a substrate and an ultrasonic transducer element array that has a first channel group and a second channel group that are arranged on the substrate, a first integrated circuit apparatus that is mounted on the substrate, at one edge portion of the ultrasonic transducer element array in a first direction, such that a long-side direction coincides with a second direction that intersects the first direction, and performs at least one of signal transmission to the first channel group and signal reception from the first channel group, and a second integrated circuit apparatus that is mounted on the substrate, at the other edge portion of the ultrasonic transducer element array in the first direction, such that the long-side direction coincides with the second direction, and performs at least one of signal transmission to the second channel group and signal reception from the second channel group.

Abstract: A sensor can include a plurality of imaging components configured to perform (1) subsurface imaging by acoustical excitation and optical detection, and (2) interferometric surface topographic measurement.

Abstract: The present invention provides visualization of a seismic wavefield as measured by various multi-component sensors, including, but not limited to, pressure, 3-component vector spatial pressure gradients, 3-component linear motion, and 3-component rotational motion. The visualization of the present invention employs combinations of dynamic displacement; dynamic rotation; dynamic dilation and compression; and dynamic color and transparency variations to display various measurements of a seismic wavefield. The visualization of the present invention may be applied to various seismic data sets, including, but not limited to, pre-stack data sets; post-migration data volumes; micro-seismic passive or active source monitoring; and vertical seismic profiles. The method has a wide range of application in seismic surveys in oil and gas exploration and production.

Abstract: An ultrasonic observation apparatus includes: a first conversion unit that converts an ultrasonic signal as a time domain signal reflected from a specimen into a frequency domain signal; a regression analysis unit that calculates a regression expression for the frequency domain signal; an attenuation correction coefficient calculation unit that calculates an attenuation correction coefficient which is obtained by dividing a difference between first-order coefficients in the regression expressions at two points having different reception depths by a difference between the reception depths at the two points; an attenuation correction processing unit that performs attenuation correction processing on the frequency domain signal based on the attenuation correction coefficient; a second conversion unit that converts the frequency domain signal after the attenuation correction processing, into a second time domain signal; and an image data generation unit that generates ultrasonic image data based on the second tim

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for enhanced monitoring of induced seismicity and industrial vibration to comprehensively measure all aspects of potentially damaging motion. The invention utilizes various combinations of multi-component low frequency linear seismic sensors and multi-component rotational seismic sensors. Sensors are jointly deployed in arrays on the free surface of the earth, and/or in arrays of shallow monitoring holes, which may be intended to be permanent deployments. The method has a wide range of risk/damage monitoring applications for industrial activity, and in oil and gas exploration and production for seismic surveys, hydraulic fracturing, and waste injection wells. This abstract is not intended to be used to interpret or limit the claims of this invention.

Abstract: Systems and methods for identifying sanding in production wells using time-lapse sonic data. Formation anisotropy can be characterized in terms of shear moduli in a vertical wellbore, e.g., vertical shear moduli C44 and C55 in the wellbore axial planes and horizontal shear modulus C66 in the wellbore cross-sectional plane. Changes in formation anisotropy between different times can provide qualitative indicators of the occurrence of sanding in the production well. Before production begins, the horizontal shear modulus C66 is typically less than the vertical shear modulus C44 or C55 or both. At a subsequent time after sanding occurs, the horizontal shear modulus C66 is typically greater than the vertical shear modulus C44 or C55 or both. By comparing the shear moduli of the vertical wellbore at different times, it is possible to identify the occurrence of sanding in the production well using time-lapse sonic data.

Abstract: An integrated fish detection module/navigation module system that may provide the location of fish over a distance or time is provided herein. The location of fish can be presented on a navigation module display to provide information regarding the location of fish relative to navigational data known to the navigation module. The information may create a record of fish location over time and distance. In some configurations, the navigational data and fish detection module data of more than one watercraft may be combined and distributed. In some configurations, a marker may be automatically placed on a navigation module to indicate that fish have been detected at the location on the navigation module.

Abstract: A method for locating a tool in a work space via ultrasound includes associating an ultrasound transmitter to a tool and calculating a position of the tool on the basis of determination of the position of the transmitter. At least three ultrasound receivers for receiving ultrasound signals from the transmitter are set in positions relative to the work space. A calculation of a position of the transmitter includes using a trilateration procedure that includes a change of reference of the positions of the receivers and is carried out to reference them in a second simplified reference system. An unknown point in the second simplified reference system is obtained. A rototranslation of the position of the unknown point obtained from the second simplified reference system is carried out into a first reference system, and a corresponding rototranslation matrix is calculated such that the unknown point is used as position of the transmitter.

Abstract: A system for communicating between one digital device and another digital device, such a watch, is disclosed. The user of the system is provided a number of manners in which messages from the first device are to be received, at least some of which are obvious only to the user, hiding the content of such messages from other persons near the intended recipient.

Abstract: An object is to provide an escapement which can improve energy transmission efficiency, a timepiece movement including the escapement, and a timepiece including the timepiece movement. There is provided an escapement 1 including an escape wheel 11, a double roller 53 that is disposed in a balance 5 pivotally moving around a balance staff 51, and a pallet fork 12 that can pivotally move around a pallet staff 33. The double roller 53 includes a first impulse pin 57 which comes into contact with the pallet fork 12 in response to a pivotal movement of the double roller 53 and causes the pallet fork 12 to pivotally move around the pallet staff 33, and a second impulse pin 58 which can come into contact with tooth portion 23 of the escape wheel 11. The pallet fork 12 includes two pallets of an entry pallet 45 and an exit pallet 38.

Abstract: A method of producing unitary formed silicon balance spring having an overcoil portion for regulation of a mechanical timepiece, said method including the steps of providing a silicon balance spring having a main body portion, and an outer portion for formation as an overcoil portion, wherein the outer portion extends radially outward from an outermost turn of the main body portion, and wherein said main body portion and said outer portion are integrally formed from a silicon based material and are formed in a co-planar configuration; moving said outer portion in a direction relative to and out of the plane of said main body portion, and in a direction towards over said main body portion and towards the plane of the main body portion; and providing a stress relaxation process to the balance spring so as to relieve internal stresses induced within the balance spring from step (ii); wherein upon movement of said outer portion into the plane of said main body portion, the outer portion is located in an overcoil

Abstract: The present invention relates to a watch, comprising: a frame (1); a movement (2) mounted in said frame; a top crystal (3); an analog display system including a dial (4) combined with hands (5); and at least one digital display for displaying complementary information. The digital display includes a top functional element (6) extending under a peripheral strip (3a) of the crystal (3) so as to simulate at least part of a bezel.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, a magnetic layer including an alloy having an L10 type crystal structure as a main component thereof, a plurality of underlayers arranged between the substrate and the magnetic layer, and a barrier layer made of a material having an NaCl structure. The plurality of underlayers include at least one crystalline underlayer including Mo as a main component thereof, and at least one of Si and C in a range of 1 mol % to 20 mol % and an oxide in a range of 1 vol % to 50 vol %. The barrier layer is provided between the magnetic layer and the at least one crystalline underlayer including Mo.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a transmit diversity decoding techniques are provided. In one aspect, a method receives a first input that includes signals transmitted by M transmit antennas on C channels and received by N receive antennas, where M, N and C is each a positive integer greater than 1. The method also receives a second input that includes estimates of channel matrix elements. The method further generates an output that includes at least an estimate of a transmit signal transmitted by one of the M transmit antennas on one of the C channels based at least in part on the first and the second inputs.

Abstract: A multidimensional symbol encoder is coupled to a transmitter. Multidimensional symbols are encoded by concatenating two or more partial symbols, wherein individual intervals of up and down sections of the two or more partial symbols are independently controlled as to duration. A multidimensional symbol decoder is coupled to a receiver. Multidimensional symbols are decoded by measuring duration of individual intervals i) that are independently controlled as to duration and ii) that are up and down sections of two or more concatenated partial symbols.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for enabling an operative coupling to a network. In an aspect, first data is detected for forwarding between a first node in a first network and another node by a network relay including a first network interface hardware component operatively coupled to a first network. A determination is made that a second operative coupling to a second network of a second network interface hardware component in the network relay is disabled. The second network interface hardware component is configured to enabled the second operative coupling, in response to the determination. Data received for forwarding between the first network and the second network is forwarded via the enabled second operative coupling.

Abstract: According to an example, a virtual next-hop is created and a destination identity corresponding to each virtual next-hop is stored. Each virtual next-hop comprises one best next-hop and one second-best next-hop, and a next-hop of the best path of the destination identity corresponding to a virtual next-hop is the best next-hop of the virtual next-hop, and a next-hop of the second-best path of the destination identity corresponding to the virtual next-hop is the second-best next-hop of the virtual next-hop. Path forwarding may be performed using the best next-hop of each virtual next-hop. If the best next-hop of a virtual next-hop is determined to be failed, path forwarding may be performed using the second-best next-hop of the virtual next-hop.

Abstract: A device and a system for processing a radio link failure report and for statistically processing an abnormal event include: a user equipment generates a radio link failure report, wherein the radio link failure report carries an A2 event indication recorded by the user equipment; and reports the radio link failure report.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing useful data in association with a high-priority call such as an emergency call. In one embodiment, the data comprises a data (e.g., an MSD or FSD) embedded within one or more real-time protocol packets such as RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) packets, that are interspersed within the voice or user data stream (carried in e.g., RTP packets) of an emergency call. Apparatus and methods are described for transmitting the data portion reliably from the initiating terminal (e.g., an in-vehicle system) to a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP), by using the same transport connection as the user data.

Abstract: A network element configured to operate in a source routing network, wherein the network element comprises a receiver, a transmitter, and a processor coupled to the receiver and the transmitter. The processor may be configured to cause the network element to receive from an upstream network element, a liveness protection probe comprising a header that comprises a list of one or more ordered connection identifiers that indicate a network path traversing the source routing network through which the liveness protection probe should be forwarded, transmit the liveness protection probe toward a downstream network element according to the connection identifiers, receive the liveness protection probe from the downstream network element, and transmit the liveness protection probe to the upstream network element according to a second list of one or more ordered connection identifiers contained within the header.

Abstract: A mobile application gateway configured to interconnect mobile communication devices on a cellular network with an enterprise network is provided. The mobile application gateway includes a voice and data signaling gateway configured to provide routing functionalities, service functionalities and admission control. A gateway GPRS support node (GGSN) is configured to establish a secure data session between one or more of the mobile communication devices and the enterprise network by establishing a GPRS tunneling protocol (GTP) tunnel between a carrier-hosted serving GPRS support node (SGSN) and the GGSN.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for compressing block acknowledgment (ACK) frames/packets are described herein. In some aspects, a method of communicating in a wireless network includes a compressed block acknowledgment frame including a bitmap, the bitmap indicating receipt of a plurality of fragments of a single data unit. The method further includes transmitting the compressed block acknowledgment frame.

Abstract: A first device may receive data associated with a second device from within a first network and independently of a second network. The second device may include a sensor or an application to form or process a data record. The first device may establish a bearer between the first device and a particular user device, of multiple user devices, in accordance with a bearer policy; and provide the data towards the particular user device via a first sub-network, of multiple sub-networks, of the second network and via the bearer. The first sub-network may be independent of a second sub-network of the multiple sub-networks. The second sub-network may permit user device data to be transmitted between the multiple user devices. The first sub-network and the second sub-network may consume different levels of network resources.

Abstract: A microburst detection apparatus configured to detect a microburst of a control plane packet and to extract, from the control plane packet which forms the detected microburst, call information for identifying call of a data plane, a packet extraction apparatus configured to extract a data plane packet corresponding to the extracted call information, and a cause analysis apparatus configured to analyze a payload of an application layer of the extracted data plane packet, specify a service/application which causes occurrence of the microburst, count the number of data plane packets in response to the specified service/application, and display the counted number of packets associated with the specified service/application are included.

Abstract: System and method for multiplexing data Di and one or more streams containing video data Dvideo in a transmission channel with fixed bitrate comprising a multiplexer (11) and its controller (112), the multiplexer (11) comprising one to n inputs (11v) receiving the stream or streams Dvideo, a bitrate allocator (12), the multiplexer (11) comprises an input (11d) for the data Di to be multiplexed, and the said system comprises at least the following elements: a memory (20) receiving the data to be multiplexed with the stream or streams Dvideo, a bitrate estimator (21) which transmits a bitrate request Rd to the bitrate allocator (12), the bitrate request Rd is transmitted to the controller (112) of the multiplexer and delayed, the controller (112) is suitable for reading from the memory (20) the data Di to be multiplexed, up to compliance with the bitrate request Rd.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for providing a web service in a wireless communication system. The apparatus for providing the web service includes: a proxy unit receiving/sending data through the internet; a packet data conversion protocol (PDCP) unit producing and outputting at least one PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) by using the data; and a control unit monitoring the data received from the proxy unit and controlling the proxy unit to transmit data of a size acceptable by the PDCP unit on the basis of the data capacity of the PDCP unit.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a communication terminal in a wireless communication network. The communication terminal includes a receiver configured to receive a first message comprising a media access control (MAC) frame at a first transmission rate from a communication device in the wireless communication network; a message generator configured to generate a second message in response to the received first message, the second message comprising a control response frame; and a transmitter configured to transmit the control response frame at a second transmission rate, wherein the second transmission rate is lower than or equal to the first transmission rate; and wherein the second transmission rate is dependent on a difference in qualities between downlink communication and uplink communication between the communication device and the communication terminal. Methods of modulating a message for transmission in the wireless communication network are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods and apparatus to manage MTC device trigger load in a wireless network are described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for receiving, with circuitry of a network controller, information indicative of characteristics of incoming data traffic in an information transport network, the network comprising at least one packet switched layer and at least one transport layer; determining to transport the incoming data traffic through at least one determined layer being at least one of the packet switched layer and the transport layer, based on the characteristics of the incoming data traffic and/or network information; determining at least one route for the incoming data traffic through the determined layer; and transmitting a signal containing computer executable instructions to at least one switch, to configure the switch to steer the incoming data traffic through the at least one route of the at least one determined layer. The information indicative of characteristics of data traffic may be gathered/provided by one or more traffic monitor.

Abstract: A packet network traffic flow effective bandwidth estimation apparatus comprising a committed burst size (CBS) estimator loop, a peak information rate (PIR) estimator and an effective bandwidth (Eff.BW) estimator. The loop includes a meter arranged to determine a number of conformant bytes (G) and a number of violating bytes (Y) of a traffic flow; a committed information rate (CIR) estimator arranged to determine a subsequent estimated CIR; a controller arranged to, if Y is above zero, determine an estimated CBS (ECBS) correction and to apply the correction to the ECBS, and arranged to, if Y is zero, output the previously used ECBS. The PR estimator receives the ECBS from the loop and the ECIR and determines an estimated PR (EPIR) in dependence on the ECBS and the ECIR. The Eff.BW estimator determines an Eff.BW of the traffic flow from the EPIR, ECBS and ECIR.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided that may be employed in a network environment to implement load balancing for multi-network interface controller (NIC) teaming applications using pause frame flow control communications received at an information handling system in situations where a given data path through a given NIC of the information handling system and a corresponding network switch is heavily loaded or otherwise congested relative to one or more other more lightly loaded data paths through other NICs of the information handling system and their corresponding network switches.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a receiver device determines that it accepts flow entropy, and accordingly determines a set of entropy labels the receiver device is accepting. After transmitting the set of entropy labels from the receiver device to one or more sender devices, the receiver device may then receive packets from the one or more sender devices with selected particular entropy labels from the set of entropy labels. In another embodiment, a sender device receives from a receiver device a set of entropy labels the receiver device is accepting. As such, when determining a packet to forward to the receiver device with flow entropy, the sender device may select a particular entropy label from the set of entropy labels for that receiver device, and transmits the packet device to the receiver device with the selected particular entropy label.

Abstract: Methods and systems for providing device-specific authentication are described. One example method includes receiving, by an input port of a network adapter within the computer system, a stream of network traffic; dividing, by load balancing logic within the network adapter, the received stream of network traffic into a plurality of substreams; and presenting the plurality of substreams to respective interfaces of the network adapter, each network adapter interface being accessible by an operating system executing on the computer system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for managing the traffic load of a delivery node being in a state BLOCKED or UNBLOCKED. The method comprises the step determining that the traffic load of the delivery node is within a pair of upper and lower limits. The method also comprise the step of changing the state of the delivery node upon the determination that the traffic load of a delivery node is within the pair of upper and lower limits. Changing the state is changing from UNBLOCKED to BLOCKED or from BLOCKED to UNBLOCKED. The invention also relates to a delivery node suitable for implementing the method disclosed hereinabove.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system and method include determining bandwidth of a link that connects a local modem to a remote router. A first percentage of the bandwidth is assigned to a first class of data and a second percentage of bandwidth is assigned to a second class of data. The remaining percentage of the bandwidth is assigned for nominal excess capacity. The flow of first class of data and second class of data are controlled to below respective percentages of the bandwidth.

Abstract: In a data network congestion control in a virtualized environment is enforced in packet flows to and from virtual machines in a host. A hypervisor and network interface hardware in the host are trusted components. Enforcement comprises estimating congestion states in the data network attributable to respective packet flows, recognizing a new packet that belongs to one of the data packet flows, and using one or more of the trusted components and to make a determination based on the congestion states that the new packet belongs to a congestion-producing packet flow. A congestion-control policy is applied by one or more of the trusted components to the new packet responsively to the determination.

Abstract: Existing resource reservation techniques are inefficient for M2M communications. In an example embodiment described herein, a system comprises a service layer server that resides on a service layer and a control plane node that resides on an access network, wherein the service layer server communicates with the control plane node via a control plane interface. The control plane interface can be used to configure quality of service (QoS) policies (rules) that are based on an object that is being addressed. In this context, for example, an object may be a memory location or value. For example, the service layer may configure one or more QoS rules for the access network based on the object by sending a QoS provisioning message that includes one or more parameters to the control plane node. The control plane node may determine the object that is identified in the one or more QoS rules, and the QoS rules may be distributed to one or more routers that may be used to access the object.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a traffic routing method and a traffic routing device. A member device of a stacking system receives traffic destined for a destination node. If there is at least one valid Equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) associated with an address of the destination node in a forwarding table, the member device routes the received traffic to the destination node through the at least one valid ECMP path. Otherwise, the member device selects at least one other member device of the stacking system for routing the received traffic, updates an ECMP path associated with the address of the destination node in the forwarding table to a stacking link connecting the member device with the selected at least one member device, and transmits the received traffic to the selected at least one member device.

Abstract: In a network for reliable transfer of packets from a transmitter to a receiver using a Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), a system for packet recovery, the system comprising a detection block (detector) for packet loss detection and a probe device (probe) for lost packet retransmission, wherein the detector includes a means for sending a packet retransmit request to the probe upon detecting a packet loss (a lost packet), and wherein the probe includes a means for storing received packets and for retransmitting the lost packet responsive to the retransmit request.

Abstract: Providing network access is disclosed. Use of a provider equipment port via which network access is provided to two or more downstream nodes, each having one or more classes of network traffic associated with it, is scheduled on a per class basis, across the downstream nodes. The respective network traffic sent to each of at least a subset of the two or more downstream nodes is limited, on a per downstream node basis, to a corresponding rate determined at least in part by a capacity of a communication path associated with the downstream node.