Abstract: In one general aspect, an apparatus comprises a material including a non-layered mixture of an elastomeric polymer with a plurality of voids; and a plurality of conductive fillers disposed in the elastomeric polymer. The apparatus may produce an electrical response to deformation and, thus, function as a strain gauge. The conductive fillers may include conductive nanoparticles and/or conductive stabilizers. In another general aspect, a method of measuring compression strain includes detecting, along a first axis, an electrical response generated in response to an impact to a uniform composite material that includes conductive fillers and voids disposed throughout an elastomeric polymer, and determining a deformation of the impact based on the electrical response. The impact may be along a second axis different from the first axis.

Abstract: In a method of arresting fatigue crack growth in a metal member, a hole is formed beside a tip portion of a fatigue crack with respect to a crack extension direction, in a metal member body, in which the fatigue crack occurs due to an action of applied cyclic tensile stress. Then, a press-fit object being higher in stiffness than the metal member body and larger in external size than the hole is press-fitted into the hole. Compressive stress is made to act on the tip portion of the fatigue crack from directions lateral to the crack extension direction.

Abstract: A sensing assembly including a fiber for monitoring at least one condition or parameter and a strip formed from a pair of laminae disposed with the fiber. The laminae are arranged parallel to each other and engaged longitudinally along the fiber for enabling the strip to secure the fiber in place. A method of monitoring a parameter or condition with a sensing assembly is also included.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for testing sediment submerged in liquid and manufacturing the apparatus. The apparatus and methods of the present embodiment can provide for nano/micro characterization of mechanical properties of materials submerged in liquid, facilitating specimen preparation and installation, and can provide hydrated materials. The apparatus can include cell walls with optical magnifying lenses so that the materials can be viewed without the aid of a microscope.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the adhesive strength of a biofilm formed on an underwater optical surface and for determining the pressure, velocity and configuration of a water jet directed at the biofilm to wash away the biofilm and restore hydrophobicity to the optical surface, with a view to providing removal of such biofilms by underwater travel of a submarine without a need to surface for biofilm removal.

Abstract: A steam quality and flow rate measurement system is described. Embodiments of the system include a steam quality measuring device having a converging/diverging nozzle and ceramic spacer. The steam quality measuring device can be adapted to measure an impedance of a two-phase steam to determine steam quality. The converging/diverging nozzle can be implemented to mix the two-phase flow and reduce pressure loss. The ceramic spacer can be positioned such that steam is in a cross flow when interfacing with the ceramic spacer inside the steam quality measuring device. By placing the spacer in such a position, an electrically conductive liquid phase can be prevented from coating a surface of the ceramic spacer.

Abstract: Ultrasonic flow rate measurement device includes measurement flow path in which a fluid to be measured flows, and a pair of ultrasonic vibrators that are disposed in directions such that a propagation path of an ultrasonic wave forms a V-shape relative to measurement flow path. Moreover, the device includes measurement circuit which measures a flow rate of the fluid to be measured by measuring a propagation time of the ultrasonic wave between the pair of ultrasonic vibrators, and inlet-side rectification part which is disposed, in the inlet side of measurement flow path, to stabilize the flow of the fluid to be measured. Furthermore, the device includes outlet-side coupling part which is disposed in the outlet side of measurement flow path, and signal lead-out part which outputs a flow rate value measured with measurement circuit.

Abstract: A pressure differential flow meter for determining the flow rate of a fluid comprises a constriction device, wherein the constriction device is capable of creating at least a first area of constriction and a second area of constriction having cross-sectional areas that are different, wherein the constriction device automatically moves from the first area of constriction to the second area of constriction when the pressure differential increases above or falls below a predetermined range, and wherein the pressure differential is based on the fluid velocity of the fluid flowing in the flow meter. A method of determining the flow rate of a fluid using the pressure differential flow meter comprises flowing the fluid through the flow meter.

Abstract: A torque-measurement device that has a rotational axis, and wherein the torque-measurement device includes an inner tubular structure, an outer tubular structure, and a plurality of ribs that each have a length dimension in a rib-length direction parallel to the rotational axis, a rib-width dimension in a width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending radially rotational axis, and a minimum rib-thickness dimension in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the length dimension is greater than the width dimension and the width dimension is greater than the thickness dimension, wherein each of the plurality of ribs has a center plane that lies in the rib-length direction and the rib-width direction, and wherein a torque applied between the inner tubular structure and the outer tubular structure results in an angular displacement of inner tubular structure relative to the outer tubular structure.

Abstract: A torque-measurement device that has a rotational axis, and wherein the torque-measurement device includes an inner tubular structure, an outer tubular structure, and a plurality of ribs that each have a length dimension in a rib-length direction parallel to the rotational axis, a rib-width dimension in a width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending radially rotational axis, and a minimum rib-thickness dimension in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the length dimension is greater than the width dimension and the width dimension is greater than the thickness dimension, wherein each of the plurality of ribs has a center plane that lies in the rib-length direction and the rib-width direction, and wherein a torque applied between the inner tubular structure and the outer tubular structure results in an angular displacement of inner tubular structure relative to the outer tubular structure.

Abstract: Provided is a torque measurement device including a stator in which a space portion is formed by a first annular ring and a second annular ring having protrusion pieces, a ring-shaped magnet disposed in the space portion, and a collector assembly including a first collector member and a second collector member to form at least one insertion space in which a magnetic element is disposed, wherein the insertion space is formed by bending an end of the first collector member and an end of the second collector member toward the space portion.

Abstract: A rotational torsion tester, comprising: a first drive shaft; a second drive shaft; a load applying unit that applies a torsional load to a workpiece; at least one bearing unit including a first bearing unit that supports the load applying unit to be rotatable about a rotation axis; a rotation drive unit having a first electric motor that drives the second drive shaft and the load applying unit to rotate in phase; and a torque sensor that detects the torsional load, wherein the load applying unit comprises: a second electric motor that drives the first drive shaft; the torque sensor is attached to a part at which the first drive shaft is inserted into the shaft part; the torque sensor is disposed between a pair of first bearings; and the torque sensor includes a strain gauge adhered to a narrowed part to detect the torsional load.

Abstract: Most mechanical tests (compression testing, tensile testing, flexure testing, shear testing) of samples in the sub-mm size scale are performed under the observation with an optical microscope or a scanning electron microscope. However, the following problems exist with prior art force sensors as e.g they cannot be used for in-plane mechanical testing (a- and b-direction) of a sample; they cannot be used for vertical testing (c-direction) of a sample. In order to overcome the before mentioned drawbacks the invention comprises the following basic working principle: A force is applied to the probe (2) at the probe tip (1) of the sensor. The force is transmitted by the sensor probe (2) to the movable body (3) of the sensor. The movable body is elastically suspended by four folded flexures (4), which transduce the force into a deflection dx. This deflection is measured by an array of capacitor electrodes, called capacitive comb drive (6).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for sampling rock mass, especially jointed rock mass. The present disclosure provides a simple and convenient method for sampling jointed rock mass to prevent the rock sample from being disturbed and damaged during sampling and accordingly resulting in opening of the weak structural planes, to therefore obtain rock specimen correctly reflecting the basic physical and mechanical characteristics of rock mass comprising integral fissure network. The method for sampling jointed rock mass of the present disclosure comprises the following steps: Step a: Siting; Step b: Drilling; Step c: Protecting; and Step d: Sampling. The method is suitable for determining the basic mechanical properties of the rock mass and for assessing the stability of caverns in jointed rock mass.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a liquid sample in a sample tube. The apparatus includes a base, a receptacle for receiving a sample tube, and a heating portion coupled to the base to selectively apply heat to the receptacle. A shaking portion is coupled to the base and supports the receptacle. The shaking portion agitates the receptacle with respect to the base. A magnetizing portion is coupled to the base and movable to selectively change a magnetic field with respect to the receptacle.

Abstract: A polyacrylamide tissue phantom embedded with multi-formulated thermochromic liquid crystals for use in the evaluation of RF ablation therapies is provided. The tissue phantom approximates the properties of biological tissue, and therefore provides a suitable substitute for use in testing the effects of RF and other energy-emitting devices on biological tissue. Also provided is a system for using the tissue phantom in the evaluation of RF therapies.

Abstract: The product efficacy apparatus includes a roller having an outer surface and a test bed having a test surface. The roller may be affixed to a rotatable shaft having opposing end regions. The shaft may be rotatably connected to an arm at each end of the end regions of the shaft. Each arm is pivotally connected to a drive member that is rollingly connected to a stationary track. In operation, a cleaning product may be affixed to the outer surface of the roller. A controlled insult may be applied to the test surface. The arms pivot toward the test surface in order to direct the cleaning product on the outer surface of the roller into contact with the test surface. The drive members direct the roller over the controlled insult. The shaft rotates the roller over the test surface and the arms pivot the roller away from the test surface.

Abstract: In a parallel slider device with a pneumatic linear guide, the stiffness of the mechanical coupling and the air bearing stiffness are prevented from interfering each other such that the parallelism between the two sliders can be maintained at a high precision in a highly reproducible manner. A difference in the slider support stiffness (air bearing stiffness) between a first pneumatic linear guide and a second pneumatic linear guide by varying the sizes of the air gaps and the supply air pressures so that any error in the linearity is accommodated by the changes in the air gap on the side of the linear guide having a lower slider support stiffness in a stable manner.

Abstract: A power take-off system for an internal combustion engine that has a drive gear positioned within a crankcase includes a housing. The housing is coupleable to the internal combustion engine. The system also includes an input gear with a drive gear engagement portion, a toothed portion, and a shaft extending between the drive gear engagement portion and the toothed portion. The input gear is coupled to the housing such that the driver gear engagement portion is positioned within the crank case and the toothed portion is positioned within the housing. The input gear also includes a vent conduit that extends through the shaft. The vent conduit includes a first end open to the housing and a second end open to the crankcase.

Abstract: A power take off drive train for a utility vehicle, comprising first (31, 59), second (35, 55) and third (23, 68) parallel gear pairs, with an input shaft (8) coupled to a gear (31) of the first gear pair. First (K1) and second (K2) connector means, suitably clutches, each operate to couple a gear (31, 59) of the first gear pair with a respective gear (35, 55) of the second gear pair. A third connector (10, 11) couples a first gear (35) of the second gear pair with a first gear (23) of the third gear pair, and a selector mechanism (12) operates to couple a PTO output shaft (7) with either a second gear (55) of the second gear pair or a second gear (68) of the third gear pair.

Abstract: A firefighting pump transmission for use with an emergency vehicle pump comprising a housing receiving a drive shaft, the drive shaft having a PTO gear affixed thereto within the housing, an impeller shaft for turning an impeller of a pump, and means for selectively powering the impeller shaft from the drive shaft, the means for powering may include a multi-disk clutch. The transmission allows for powering the PTO gear while the impeller shaft is idle. A Commercially Available PTO device may be mounted to the housing to power a variety of devices.

Abstract: Provided is an interlocking chain unit that has reliable and strong interlocking and avoids buckling, breaking, and bending of a rigidified chain portion. In the interlocking chain unit (100), the interlocking operation of an outer tooth link plate (112BZ) and an outer tooth link plate (112AY) that are just about to complete the interlocking operation is completed in a manner that causes a first inter-pin distance (d1) and a second inter-pin distance (d2) become substantially equal to each other, and causes a third inter-pin distance (d3) to approach the second inter-pin distance (d2).

Abstract: The transmission comprises: a primary shaft; a secondary shaft; a gearing of first speed comprising a first driving gearwheel carried by the primary shaft and a first driven gearwheel carried by the secondary shaft and permanently meshing with the first driving gearwheel; a gearing of second speed comprising a second driving gearwheel carried by the primary shaft and a second driven gearwheel carried by the secondary shaft and permanently meshing with the second driving gearwheel; an overrunning clutch associated to one of the first driving gearwheel and first driven gearwheel to allow the transmission of the torque via the gearing of first speed only in the direction from the primary shaft to the secondary shaft; a first coupling device arranged to connect either of the first driving gearwheel and first driven gearwheel, namely the gearwheel to which the overrunning clutch is associated, for rotation directly with the respective shaft, so as to allow the transmission of the torque via the gearing of first sp

Abstract: A transmission generally includes a shaft member having a cylindrical outer surface in which longitudinal grooves are formed. Rolling members are disposed in the longitudinal grooves. A gear member having lobes the lobes is disposed between the rolling members and over the shaft member. A clutch spring that at least partially encircles the rolling members and the lobes is also disposed. The clutch spring includes a reduced torque condition that at least defines the clutch spring stretching to accommodate the rolling members leaving the longitudinal grooves and moving to the outer cylindrical surface such that the clutch spring forms a generally elliptical shape in the reduced torque condition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an elastic support module and a rack bar supporting device for a vehicle steering apparatus, which includes the elastic support module. By the present invention, it is possible to prevent a noise from being produced due to the increase of a clearance caused when a vehicle loses the driving durability thereof to a certain degree and hence a support yoke of the vehicle is worn, or due to an impact reversely input from a road surface, and hence to provide a pleasant steering feeling for a driver when steering the vehicle.

Abstract: Ball screw assembly comprising a screw (2) provided with an outer thread (3); a nut (4) provided with an inner thread (5); a series (6) of balls (7) able to circulate along a circulating path (10) between the screw and the nut, along which the balls are engaged in the threads thereof; and recirculating means (8) defining a recirculating channel (9) to carry balls from one end to the other end of said circulating path (10); The recirculating channel (9) comprising a return channel (14) provided on the nut and, between the ends of this return channel and the corresponding ends of said circulating path, deflecting channels (27, 28) which are defined respectively between surfaces (25) of deflecting elements (20, 21) engaged in respective holes (11, 12) of the nut (4) and local zones (26) of surfaces (16) of these respective holes.

Abstract: A gear motor assembly includes a casing having a through hole, a motor fixed to the casing, an output shaft, a gear fixed to the output shaft and driven by the motor, and a substantially tubular bearing fixed in the through hole of the casing. The gear has a shaft portion that is sleeved in the bearing. A slot is formed in the inner surface of the bearing and/or the outer surface of the shaft portion and is filled with lubricant.

Abstract: A sintered gearwheel is described having teeth (1) which, in the flank and root region (2, 3), comprise a compacted surface layer (7, 8, 9) which is continuous in the transition portion (4) between the flank and root region (2, 3) and has a residual porosity of less than 10%. In order to increase the load-bearing capacity it is proposed that the compacted surface layer (9) is formed with a lower thickness in the transitional portion (4) between the flank and root region (2, 3) than in the adjacent flank and root regions (2, 3).

Abstract: A parallel kinematic structure comprises at least two kinematic chains being functionally arranged in parallel. Each of the two kinematic chains has, at a moveable end thereof, at least one degree of freedom, and comprising a passive anti-planar joint arrangement having a translational degree of freedom and two rotational degrees of freedom. Each anti-planar joint arrangement has an input section and an output section. At least one of the kinematic chains comprises a planar joint arrangement having at least one of at least one translational degree of freedom and a rotational degree of freedom, the planar joint arrangement having an output section. Further, the planar joint arrangement is adapted for active movements in at least one of its degrees of freedom. The input section of the anti-planar joint arrangement and the output section of the respective planar joint arrangement are coupled.

Abstract: A steering column arrangement for a motor vehicle includes a bracket, to which a jacket tube of a steering column supporting a steering shaft is releasably fixed by a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes at least one clamping part that is supple in the transverse direction (y direction) of the steering column arrangement and rigid in shear terms in the longitudinal direction (x direction and z direction) of the steering column arrangement.

Abstract: The steering apparatus includes an inner column, a left-right pair of outer column half bodies, a fixing bracket having fixing side portions, and a clamping tool. In a condition where the inner column is clamped fixedly via the clamping tool, the inner column is held by the holding surface portions of the two outer column half bodies, and an upper recessed indentation portion and a lower recessed indentation portion that do not contact the inner column are formed on the respective holding surface portions of the two outer column half bodies. Strip-form contact portions that contact the inner column are formed in locations on either circumferential direction side of the upper recessed indentation portion and the lower recessed indentation portion, the strip-form contact portions being formed in at least four locations on the two outer column half bodies.

Abstract: A steering apparatus includes a steering column rotating integrally with a steering wheel, a bracket supporting the steering column via a bearing in such a manner that the steering column is rotatable, and a fixation piece fixed to a vehicle body, where the bracket includes a locking hole, and during a normal state, the fixation piece is locked on a lower surface of an edge portion enclosing the locking hole thereby locking the bracket to the fixation piece, the bracket includes a pair of guided portions extending from opposing side portions of the locking hole toward the steering wheel, and during a secondary collision, the bracket moves forward to detach the fixation piece from the locking hole, and then, the fixation piece is locked on lower surfaces of the pair of guided portions, while guiding the pair of guided portions in the axial direction.

Abstract: A pedal boss, to which an accelerator pedal is fixed, has a projection-receiving space, which circumferentially extends on a circumferential side of a closing-side end wall in an accelerator-opening direction and receives a projection. When the pedal boss is rotated in an accelerator-closing direction, the pedal boss is rotatable to an accelerator-full-closing position of the pedal boss without being stopped by the projection through engagement with the projection regardless of a rotational position of the projection.

Abstract: A turn signal adaptor for use with a turn signal lever of a vehicle. The turn signal adaptor includes a mounting member and a crossover signal arm. The crossover signal arm extends from the mounting end at the right side of a steering column of a steering wheel of the vehicle to the free end at the left side of the steering column. At least one height adjustment screw allows leveling of the mounting member and the crossover signal arm relative to the turn signal lever such that the crossover signal arm extends across the steering column of the vehicle while creating no or minimal visibility issues with the driver seeing an instrument cluster panel of the vehicle, allowing a user to activate the turn signal lever with the use of the right hand, without taking hands off the steering wheel.

Abstract: In a lower end of a finisher having a substantially I-shape, an extending portion extending along a rim is provided. The finisher has an upper locking portion to be locked to an upper spoke and a lower locking portion provided in the extending portion and to be locked to a lower spoke. The lower locking portion has a protruding portion and a locking piece both standing upright from a back surface of the extending portion. The protruding portion and the locking piece are arranged away from each other in an up-down direction. The lower spoke has an engagement receiving portion for the protruding portion to be fitted and for the locking piece to be engaged.

Abstract: Clutch arrangement for a motor vehicle drive train. The clutch arrangement has a first and a second clutch which are embodied as normally open clutches. The first clutch can be activated from an open position into a closed position by means of a first actuator arrangement. The second clutch can be activated from an open position into a closed position by means of a second actuator arrangement. The clutch arrangement has a locking device for locking a clutch in the closed position. Only the second clutch can be locked in the closed position by means of the locking device, while the first clutch cannot be locked in the closed position. Thus, the first actuator arrangement has to be supplied with energy in order to secure the first clutch in the closed position.

Abstract: A wrench includes a locking mechanism that provides variable locking positions. The wrench has handles that are rotatably connected such that a closing motion of the handles allows the wrench to grip workpieces as desired by moving a plurality of jaw elements inward toward the workpiece. The locking mechanism advantageously allows the jaws and handles of the wrench to be locked precisely on any size workpiece within the working range of the wrench. Related methods are also described.

Abstract: A fastener removal device for accessing and securing a fastener head while in a dirty environment features a cylindrical nut driver. A driver first end features a nut driver head having a hexagonal recess centrally located on a nut driver first end surface. A bottom surface of the hexagonal recess is located on a hexagonal recess plane. The hexagonal recess plane is located parallel to and offset from the nut driver first end surface. The hexagonal recess is adapted to engage with a head of a fastener. A plurality of helical flutes is located around a driver first end outer periphery. A flute first end intersects the nut driver first end surface. A flute second end intersects the hexagonal recess plane. The driver second end features a hexagonal shank adapted to engage a drill chuck of a drill.

Abstract: A socket is provided for removing or installing a fastener having a hexagonally shaped portion. The socket includes a body having a longitudinal axis and opposing first and second ends. First surfaces define a tool-receiving portion at the first end. The tool-receiving portion is constructed and arranged to receive a portion of a tool. Second surfaces define a socket portion at the second end. The socket portion is constructed and arranged to receive and engage the portion of the fastener therein. Holding structure is associated with the socket portion and is constructed and arranged to non-magnetically hold the portion of the fastener in the socket portion so as to not fall out of the socket portion, either due to friction or vacuum, without providing torque to the fastener when the socket is rotated during installation or removal of the fastener.

Abstract: A one handed locking pliers preferably includes a fixed jaw, a movable jaw, a fixed handle, a toggle link, a power link and a movable handle. The fixed jaw is retained in a first end of the fixed handle. The movable jaw is pivotally retained in substantially the one end of the fixed handle. An adjustment screw is retained in a second end of the fixed handle. An end of the adjustment screw engages a first end of the toggle link and a first end of the power link is pivotally engaged with a second end of the toggle link. The movable handle includes a handle portion and an actuation portion, which extends from the handle portion. The movable jaw is pivotally engaged with a first end of the actuation portion and the power link is pivotally engaged with a second end of the actuation portion.

Abstract: A hand tool includes a handle and a holding member is connected to the front end of the handle. A first part is connected to one end of the holding member and is connected to a second part connected to the front end of the handle. The first part has a first recess defined transversely therethrough. A second recess and a third recess are respectively in one side of the first part and communicate with the first recess. The second recess is located between the first and third recesses. A control unit has two pins which are movably cooperated with the first, second and the third recesses. The second pin is connected to the first pin. When pushing the first pin toward the second pin, the first part is shifted from the second part so that a blade is inserted into or removed from the first and second parts.

Abstract: A mechanical device for the fast exchange of jaws in a lathe plate providing an intermediate jaw support attached to the jaw holder with a straight support face and providing with a guide wherein the jaw is positioned and fixed precisely and eliminating the clearances found in the conventional method.

Abstract: A full-automatic optical fiber container connected with an optical fiber cutting unit includes a first shell and a second shell. The first shell includes a bottom case for containing optical fiber, and a cover pivotally connected with a top of the bottom case. An upper fiber collecting shaft is set at the cover and a lower fiber collecting shaft is set at the bottom case. The two shafts are rotationally connected to an opening of the first shell. The second shell includes a container driving unit that connects with the fiber cutting unit's top cap fixedly, a transmission unit that connects with the container driving unit and the lower fiber collecting shaft, and only engages one-way transmission; and a container lever that is flexibly connected with the first shell's cover. The three parts are set in the second shell with flexible connection respectively.

Abstract: Equipment for stabilizing rotation of a blade in a circle saw and for staying at the wanted sawing line which equipment comprises the formation devices (1,2); (7,8); (10,11) of a magnetic field in connection with a ferrous metallic circle saw blade (3) and equipment for adjusting the intensity of the mentioned magnetic field, such as a sensor (14) that measures the sideway position of a control center (13) and a circular blade (3). Of the formation devices of the magnetic field metallic parts (1); (7) or (10) that direct at least magnetic flux in the last resort to the circle saw blade (3) or part of them are located in relation to the circle saw blade (3) outside its toothing (4), at the location of the teeth essentially to the level of the circle saw blade (3).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an automatic electric punching apparatus that can automatically punch documents or paper sheets by lowering a screw punch blade by means of a screw while being rotated in conjunction with driving of a motor due to switching.

Abstract: A programmable ammunition which receives a program as well as energy transmission is provided. The ammunition also comprises an energy store, an electronic system and an ignition in addition to at least one sensor for capturing the signal emitted for the program, the signal having a frequency which is transmitted further to the electronic system. The ammunition is also combined with an energy transfer unit in such a manner that an additional signal having a frequency is guided to the energy unit by the same the sensor and/or an additional sensor and is charged. Programming and the energy transmission occurs when the projectile passes through a weapon barrel, a muzzle brake or similar which is operated as a waveguide below the threshold frequency.

Abstract: Inductive or capacitive transmission of energy to a projectile is disclosed. A waveguide can be used to transmit the energy, the electric field being concentrated in the waveguide. The thus used energy transfer system includes at least one waveguide which is arranged or integrated in the region of the muzzle, for example between a muzzle brake and a gun barrel. A transmission coupler for transmission is fed by a signal generator. The projectile comprises at least one sensor which captures the signal and a store in the projectile is charged. Assemblies of the system are used for a V0 measurement as well as to program the projectile.

Abstract: An armor includes a core that, in turn, includes a first layer of prismatic elements arranged in a tessellated fashion and a second layer of prismatic elements arranged in a tessellated fashion. The first layer of prismatic elements is nested into the second layer of prismatic elements. An armor includes a strike face sheet, a rear face sheet, and a core disposed between the strike face sheet and the rear face sheet. The core includes a first layer of prismatic elements arranged in a tessellated fashion, a second layer of prismatic elements arranged in a tessellated fashion, and a strain isolation layer. The first layer of prismatic elements is nested into the second layer of prismatic elements with the strain isolation layer disposed between the first layer of prismatic elements and the second layer of prismatic elements.

Abstract: A method of designing a wearable air blast wave energy protection device includes computer modeling at least two candidate reflective materials for a first human-protective and primarily reflective response to a specified incident air blast wave energy. The method includes selecting a layer of a first material from the at least two candidate reflective materials based at least partially on the computer modeling of the at least two candidate reflective materials. The method includes computer modeling at least two candidate attenuative materials for a second human-protective and primarily attenuative response to the specified incident air blast wave energy transmitted through the selected layer of the first material. The method includes selecting a layer of a second material from at least two candidate attenuative materials and electronically maintaining informational data corresponding to the selected layer of the first material and the selected layer of the second material.

Abstract: A method of designing a wearable air blast wave energy protection device includes computer modeling at least two candidate reflective materials for a first human-protective and primarily reflective response to a specified incident air blast wave energy. The method includes selecting a layer of a first material from the at least two candidate reflective materials based on the computer modeling of the at least two candidate reflective materials. The method includes computer modeling at least two candidate attenuative materials for a second human-protective and primarily attenuative response and computer modeling another at least two candidate attenuative materials for a third human-protective and primarily attenuative response. The method further includes selecting a first attenuating-region material and a second attenuating-region material.