Abstract: Some embodiments described herein relate to a measuring system for automated measurement of an object and detection of differences between features of the object and CAD data of the object. The measuring system may include a measuring device having a distance meter for measuring a position of at least one remote target point, a local computer terminal that is connected to or part of the measuring system, an assigned memory unit for storing the data base comprising the CAD data and an assigned set of measurement software program for controlling the measuring system. In some embodiments, the stored CAD data of the object comprise typical dimensions and tolerances of the features of the object and the assigned set of measurement software programs for controlling the measuring system comprises an optimization algorithm for the measurement of each feature.

Abstract: A method of fabrication for a component to be installed in a facility, the facility being represented by an electronic design model, the method including extracting, at a computing device and from the model, details of the component and controlling a plurality of stations with the computing device to fabricate and track the component.

Abstract: A method produces a product that is executed by a manufacturing execution system. A product production rule is provided and contains a plurality of product segments defining all the resources required. A customer request is received and a production request for the execution of the production according to the customer request is created. The production request copies a workflow of abstracted resources representing the workflow of production steps. The production is executed by applying the production request and asynchronously to the creation of the production request adding the resource which replaces the abstracted resource related to the first production step from the production rule to the production request thereby only copying the actually used resource into the production request and executing the respective production step on that resource. The production of the product is executed repeatedly stepwise until all abstracted resources have been replaced in the workflow.

Abstract: In a method and a system for managing product definition updates for controlling a manufacturing process via a MES system, design information entities each defining manufacturing specifications for a specific product and including sets of data concerning different manufacturing steps are downloaded to the MES system. At the first download, first and second MES information entities are created and stored. The first entities have associated second entities each including data for a manufacturing step and include links to the associated second entities. At each update of a design information entity, a differential package including the whole of the data for a set having undergone changes and for newly added sets, and an identification for unchanged sets, is downloaded. A new version of the second entities corresponding to sets having undergone changes and/or additional second entities corresponding to sets of data that have been added are created and stored.

Abstract: A method and structure for an integrated system for fabricating components for a customer's selected wood-based project, including at least one computer for providing an interface with a consumer to input inquiries and design choices directed to a project having at least one component to be machined in a tandem machine system in which a wood-based project component can be fabricated, regardless whether the component is based on dimensional stock or on sheet material stock. The customer interacts with either a database showing previously-designed projects for implementation using the tandem machine or a CAD (Computer Aided Design) module to develop a new project or a modification of a project in the database.

Abstract: A system and method for batch control processing includes at least one controller having instructions and database. The database includes information relating to instruments, control modules, and equipment modules and the instructions pull information from the database to control the system and process, a manufacturing facility is provided that manipulates materials to form products. The facility includes a plurality of components that manipulate or measure the material and at least one controller having instructions and at least one database. The database includes information grouping the plurality of components into task oriented groups, referred to as equipment modules. When the facility requires the completion of tasks, the instructions in the controllers pull information from the database regarding which facility components are required to complete the particular task.

Abstract: A method is provided for inspecting a plurality of parts with an electronic measurement device and a processing system. The method includes a step of creating surface geometry maps of the parts utilizing the electronic measurement device, where each part was manufactured utilizing the manufacturing device. Geometric part models of the parts are generated from the surface geometry maps. The part models can subsequently be analyzed to determine whether a manufacturing device that manufactured the plurality of parts manufactures parts that comply with a part design specification.

Abstract: A method for managing a plurality of equipment pieces and operations within a factory for the manufacture of carbon fiber pieces, in order to increase production rate and reduce thereby manufacturing costs. In the method of the invention, collected production times are classified as added value production time or as wasted production time, and an efficiency parameter is calculated as a proportion between the sum of the added value production times, and a period of production time needed to complete said operation. Based on that efficiency parameter, causes for said wasted production times are identified and corrected. The invention provides a methodology for detecting and correcting causes which reduce production efficiency, in industries with low productivity cadence.

Abstract: A method for operating a numerical control machine including generating monument point data having a plurality of reference points representing a plurality of monument points on a machine bed, generating part data having plurality of reference points representing a part with respect to the plurality of monument points, generating theoretical machined part data having a plurality of reference points representing a theoretical machined part, generating control data by integrating the part data and the theoretical machined part data, generating machine control data by integrating the control data and the monument point data, and executing the machine control data for controlling operation of a numerical control machine to form a machined part.

Abstract: A workpiece processing apparatus includes: a first rotational distance information storage unit that stores multiple pieces of first rotational distance information, each of which is information having, in association with each other, a rotational angle, and first distance information regarding a distance from a rotation center to an edge of a circular workpiece corresponding to the rotational angle, in a case where the workpiece is rotated; an acquiring unit that acquires information for positioning the workpiece, information for specifying an orientation of the workpiece, and information regarding a defective portion at the edge of the workpiece, using the multiple pieces of first rotational distance information stored in the first rotational distance information storage unit; and an output unit that outputs the information for positioning the workpiece, the information for specifying the orientation of the workpiece, and the information regarding the defective portion, which are acquired by the acquiring u

Abstract: A display method of a manufacturing status to visualize a manufacturing status of products each manufactured through processing performed by a plurality of apparatuses included in a manufacturing line includes identifying, for each product to be manufactured in a certain manufacturing unit, a starting time or an ending time or both of the processing performed on the product by a first apparatus and a starting time or an ending time or both of the processing performed on the product by a second apparatus based on log information of the first apparatus and log information of the second apparatus, the first and the second apparatuses being included in the manufacturing line, the second apparatus performing the processing after the processing performed by the first apparatus, using a processor.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for remote monitoring. A signal capturing device running a Web operating system captures an audio signal and/or a video signal, and transmits the captured signal to a remote monitoring device via a communication link between the signal capturing device and the remote monitoring device. The remote monitoring device also supports the Web operating system to allow the communication link to be established using WebRTC technology. The audio and/or video unit of the signal capturing device is accessed through a MediaStream port.

Abstract: A system and method of operating an assembly line for performing an assembly operation on an article. The method includes the steps of detecting an absence or presence of an abnormality in the article and classifying the abnormality as one of a plurality of types including a first type of abnormality and a second type of abnormality. Additionally, the method includes the step of determining that the article is eligible for the assembly operation if at least the abnormality is detected as present and the abnormality is the first type of abnormality. Moreover, the method includes the step of determining that the article is eligible for the assembly operation if at least the abnormality is detected as present, the abnormality is the second type of abnormality, and an override command is received. Furthermore, the method includes the step of providing an electronic output if the article is eligibility for assembly.

Abstract: A control apparatus of a vehicle is provided. In the control apparatus, an unable-to-drive state of the driver of the vehicle is detected or determined. The unable-to-drive state is a state where the driver is unable to drive the vehicle. When the emergency that the driver has become the unable-to-drive state is detected or determined, the detection or determination result is notified to the outside. A leading vehicle which is adapted to leading the vehicle based on the notification, is recognized. Automatic follow-up running control is performed wherein the vehicle is made to automatically follow the leading vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus controller for prompting a rider to be positioned on a vehicle in such a manner as to reduce lateral instability due to lateral acceleration of the vehicle. The apparatus has an input for receiving specification from the rider of a desired direction of travel, and indicating means for reflecting to the rider a propitious instantaneous body orientation to enhance stability in the face of lateral acceleration. The indicating may include a handlebar that is pivotable with respect to the vehicle and that is driven in response to vehicle turning.

Abstract: Systems and methods use cameras to provide autonomous navigation features. In one implementation, a method for navigating a user vehicle may include acquiring, using at least one image capture device, a plurality of images of an area in a vicinity of the user vehicle; determining from the plurality of images a first lane constraint on a first side of the user vehicle and a second lane constraint on a second side of the user vehicle opposite to the first side of the user vehicle; determining, based on the plurality of images, whether an encroaching vehicle is approaching from a side of the user vehicle; and causing the user vehicle to maintain a current velocity and to travel within the first and second lane constraints such that a first distance, on the side of the user vehicle that the encroaching vehicle is approaching from, is greater than a second distance.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of modifying a worksite for calibrating a vehicle model used to autonomously control a first machine on the worksite. The method may include receiving a signal from the first machine indicative of an aspect of the vehicle model in need of calibration. The method may also include determining, in response to receipt of the signal, that the worksite includes a calibration site having a characteristic corresponding to the aspect of the vehicle model, and that calibrating the aspect of the vehicle model requires modifying the characteristic of the calibration site. The method may further include modifying the characteristic of the calibration site with a second machine at the worksite, and directing the first machine to the modified calibration site for autonomous calibration of the aspect of the vehicle model.

Abstract: A collision avoidance ECU sets a target relative deceleration to a first target value when a brake control starting condition is satisfied, and carries out a first brake control for bringing a relative deceleration closer to the target relative deceleration. When a reference relative deceleration with reference to the relative deceleration at a first point in time has reached a specified relative deceleration, the collision avoidance ECU determines a greater value for a second target value when the amount of change in deceleration, which is the amount of change in the reference relative deceleration at the point in time, is small than when the amount of change in deceleration is large. The collision avoidance ECU then sets the target relative deceleration to the second target value, and carries out a second brake control for bringing the relative deceleration closer to the target relative deceleration.

Abstract: The robotic leader-follower navigation and fleet management control method implements SLAM in a group leader of a nonholonomic group of autonomous robots, while, at the same time, executing a potential field control strategy in follower members of the group.

Abstract: An apparatus controller for prompting a rider to be positioned on a vehicle in such a manner as to reduce lateral instability due to lateral acceleration of the vehicle. The apparatus has an input for receiving specification from the rider of a desired direction of travel, and indicating means for reflecting to the rider a propitious instantaneous body orientation to enhance stability in the face of lateral acceleration. The indicating may include a handlebar that is pivotable with respect to the vehicle and that is driven in response to vehicle turning.

Abstract: Method for autonomous safe emergency landing of a powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the event of an engine failure. A landing approach trajectory is generated, including a downwind leg, initiating at an initiation point of the trajectory, an upwind leg, terminating at a selected touchdown point, and a U-turn leg, joining between the downwind leg and the upwind leg. The UAV is directed to the initiation point to follow the downwind leg. A glide ratio of the UAV is repeatedly determined based on current flight conditions. A current turning point is repeatedly determined along the downwind leg based on the determined glide ratio, the U-turn leg initiating at the current turning point. When the UAV arrives at the current turning point, the UAV is directed to follow the U-turn leg and the upwind leg, for landing the UAV at the selected touchdown point.

Abstract: A kite system includes a kite and a ground station. The ground station includes a sensor that can be utilized to determine an angular position and velocity of the kite relative to the ground station. A controller utilizes a fuzzy logic control system to autonomously fly the kite. The system may include a ground station having powered winding units that generate power as the lines to the kite are unreeled. The control system may be configured to fly the kite in a crosswind trajectory to increase line tension for power generation. The sensors for determining the position of the kite are preferably ground-based.

Abstract: In a system for compensating dynamic and thermal deformity errors of a linear motion single-plane gantry stage in real time, a stage apparatus using the system, and manufacturing, measuring, and inspecting apparatuses using the system, the system includes: a first two-dimensional position measuring unit arranged in each of two linear edge beams respectively positioned in both sides of the linear motion single-plane gantry stage for measuring the position of an X-axially movable gantry beam to provide a feedback of an X-axial motion thereof; a second two-dimensional position measuring unit for measuring the position of a Y-axially movable slider movable on the X-axially movable gantry beam to provide a feedback of a Y-axial motion thereof; a thermal fixing point provided as a thermal reference for measuring a thermal expansion of the X-axially movable gantry beam; and a compensation control unit for controlling an error motion of the linear motion single-plane gantry stage in real time by measuring dynamic and

Abstract: A method of detecting and responding to a threat condition includes receiving, at a sensing module, an input acquired in proximity to a pipeline of a fluid distribution system, the input including data associated with a vibration measurement of the pipeline acquired by a sensor exterior of the pipeline. The method also includes determining whether the input indicates a threat condition by comparing the data to a previously recorded baseline vibration measurement. The method further includes automatically closing a first fluid transmission valve in response to a determined threat condition, thereby restricting flow of fluid through the pipeline in a vicinity of the first fluid transmission valve, and wirelessly transmitting a message for receipt by a control module that is remote from the sensing module, the message including indications of the determined threat condition, the first fluid transmission valve, and an identifier associated with the sensing module.

Abstract: A controller for use with a fluid distribution system and method of operation thereof is provided. The controller comprises a touch screen, a processing unit, and an output interface. The processing unit is in communication with the touch screen. The output interface is in communication with the processing unit and the fluid distribution system. In response to a touch input from a user, the processing unit accesses at least one valve profile and adjusts a state of operation of the fluid distribution system through the output interface.

Abstract: The A liquid transport apparatus includes: a U-shaped vessel for storing the liquid; an inverse conically shaped body which is hollow and has an opening part of an upper end and an opening part of a lower end; and a rotating disk driving motor part for rotating the inverse conically shaped body on an axis extending along a substantially vertical direction. The opening part of the lower end of the inverse conically shaped body is immersed in the liquid stored in the U-shaped vessel. In the liquid transport apparatus, an overflow opening part for keeping constant a distance between the opening part of the lower end of the inverse conically shaped body and a surface of the liquid stored in the U-shaped vessel is formed.

Abstract: The present invention is capable of precisely controlling a supply ratio of liquid and continuously supplying liquid at a constant rate by using partition plates for controlling the amount of liquid distribution.

Abstract: For a torque control device that drives a torque control shaft in synchronism with a main control shaft while applying, through the torque control shaft, a predetermined pushing force to a workpiece driven by the main control shaft, a torque control device is obtained which can prevent a positional deviation from being generated even when the main control shaft is moved. The maximum and minimum values of the mechanical parameter representing the mechanical property of the driver driven by the torque control shaft are stored, and either the maximum or minimum mechanical parameter value stored in a memory means is selected according to the main control shaft's driving state, whereby drive torque necessary for following up the main control shaft's driving can be calculated so as to cause the pushing force to be augmented.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle body vibration control device (10) for a vehicle, including a request driving force calculation unit (20) calculating a driver's request driving force, a driving unit (16) applying a driving force to the vehicle (12), a driving force control unit (22) controlling the driving unit based on command driving force, and a notch filter (24) receiving a signal indicating the request driving force, processing the signal so as to reduce a frequency component of vibration of a vehicle body, and outputting the processed signal to the driving force control unit as a command driving force signal. The control device (10) further includes a correction unit (30) correcting, when there is no need to correct the command driving force to a value reduced in effect of the filter processing, the notch filter so as to use a current value as data subjected to the filter processing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for monitoring an on-load tap changer according to the known “windowing technique,” wherein for synchronization, the current (I) on the diverter switch is continuously detected, the effective value (Ieff) is calculated, which in turn is differentiated. The corresponding point in time, at which the maximum or minimum of the differentiated value occurs, is evaluated to be the moment for the diverter switch leap (tLU), and produces the synchronization impulse.

Abstract: A semiconductor system includes a master chip and a plurality of slave chips. The master chip controls internal voltage levels of the respective slave chips based on signals outputted from the plurality of slave chips such that, by referring to any one slave chip of the plurality of slave chips, internal voltage levels of remaining slave chips are controlled.

Abstract: A power supply circuit converts an input electric power into a target voltage and outputs the target voltage is equipped with a power semiconductor element that is connected between an input and an output, a drive circuit that adjusts operation of the power semiconductor element on the basis of a result of a comparison between an output voltage of the power supply circuit and a threshold voltage based on a first reference voltage, and a first monitoring circuit that compares the output voltage with a normal range based on a second reference voltage and outputs a first signal when the output voltage is deviant from the normal range. In addition, the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage are generated in different reference voltage generation circuits.

Abstract: An integrated regulator is described, in particular a voltage regulator for occupant protection means in a vehicle, including a regulating element, which converts an input signal into an output signal having a predefined value, and a trigger circuit, which activates the regulating element to generate the output signal having the predefined value. A configuration circuit is provided, which receives and evaluates at least one configuration signal and deactivates the regulating element as a function of the evaluation.

Abstract: An adjustable bandgap reference voltage includes a first circuit for generating IPTAT, a second circuit for generating ICTAT, and an output module configured to generate the reference voltage. The first circuit includes a first amplifier connected to terminals of a core for equalizing voltages across the terminals, where the first amplifier has a first stage that is biased by the current inversely proportional to absolute temperature and is arranged according to a folded setup with first PMOS transistors arranged according to a common-gate setup. The first circuit also includes a feedback stage with an input connected to the first amplifier output. The feedback stage output is connected to the first stage input and to a terminal of the core. The second circuit includes a follower amplifier connected to a terminal of the core and separated from the first amplifier and the output module is connected to the feedback stage.

Abstract: As may be implemented in accordance with one or more embodiments, an event manager provides control of a battery-powered internal power supply. The power supply has a control port that receives a control signal for activating and deactivating the internal power supply, and one or more output ports for providing a power signal. The event manager includes a plurality of system-event circuits that detect activity signals corresponding to a respective one of a plurality of system events. An event validation circuit, which is powered by the power signal, provides a validation signal that is based upon an activity signal detected by the event manager circuit and that indicates that the internal power supply should provide the power signal in a non-sleep power-operation mode.

Abstract: A method of predicting energy usage having the steps of providing a computer, providing a temperature database, providing a building asset rating database, receiving inputs from a user having a floor area measure of a building, an energy usage measurement, an energy usage start date, an energy usage end date, and a geographic location identifier, determining an estimated energy rating as a function of said inputs, said temperature database, and said building asset rating database, and providing said estimated energy rating to said user.

Abstract: A system for encouraging the use of renewable energy sources and suitable for the conservation of energy resources through the efficient management of energy storage and delivery includes connections to a power source, an energy storage subsystem, and a power grid. The system includes a power routing subsystem coupled to the source and grid, and adapted to operate in a bypass mode, in which energy is transferred from the source to the grid. The system includes a conversion subsystem coupled to the routing and storage subsystems, and switchable in substantially real-time between a storage mode, in which energy is transferred from the routing to the storage subsystem, and a generation mode, in which energy is transferred from the storage to the routing subsystem for delivery to the grid. The system also includes a controller for directing the modes based at least in part on a market factor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for optimizing energy consumption in multi-energy sources sites are provided. These techniques include developing a real-time model and a virtual model of the electrical system of a multi-energy source site, such as a microgrid. The real-time model represents a current state of the electrical system can be developed by collecting data from sensors interfaced with the various components of the electrical system. The virtual model of the electrical system mirrors the real-time model of the electrical system and can be used to generate predictions regarding the performance, availability, and reliability of cost and reliability of various distributed energy sources and to predict the price of acquiring energy from these sources. The virtual model can be used to test “what if” scenarios, such as routine maintenance, system changes, and unplanned events that impact the utilization and capacity of the microgrid.

Abstract: A leakage-current start-up reference circuit is provided which includes a reference circuit unit, a trigger unit, a leakage-current generator and a disable control unit. The trigger unit includes a first transistor. The drain terminal of the trigger unit is connected to a start-up terminal of the reference circuit unit. The leakage-current generator includes a second transistor which is a gate-drain-tied transistor. The disable control unit includes a third transistor. The gate terminal of the disable control unit is connected to a control terminal of the reference circuit unit. The drain terminal of the leakage-current generator, the gate terminal of the trigger unit and the drain terminal of the disable control unit are joined at a node. The reference circuit unit is started up by the trigger unit to generate a reference current. A leakage-current start-up reference circuit having a current mirror is also provided.

Abstract: A sliding rod structure is provided with a rod and a sheath. The rod includes an end body and a threaded portion formed separately at both ends of the rod. The sheath has a receiving space and bearings are installed separately in the inner sides of both ends of the sheath so that the sheath can be placed over the rod and is slidably on the rod. The sliding rod structure is applicable to the brakes or the clutch of a motorcycle. The sheath is still slidably free while being placed over the rod. Friction generated when the sheath is pressed can be reduced. At the same time, discomfort to hands caused by the friction generated between the rod and the sheath while being pressed can be avoided.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing a clutch pedal effort for a vehicle may include a pedal arm lever provided at an upper portion of a pedal arm and protruding forward, a torsion lever, one end of which is installed to be rotatable with respect to a pedal member and positioned at a front side of the pedal arm lever, and a back force link that is rotatably installed in the pedal member between the pedal arm lever and the torsion lever so that one end is connected to the pedal arm lever and the other end contacts the torsion lever, and that decreases the effort by generating turnover force when the pedal arm rotates forward and increases return force when the pedal arm rotates backward.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing clutch pedal effort may include a spring bracket coupled with a hinge pipe, a switching lever rotatably coupled with the hinge pipe so as to come into contact with a pedal arm during a rotation of the switching lever, thus intensifying a forward rotation of the pedal arm, and a reaction providing unit combined with a pedal member and the switching lever at opposite ends. The reaction providing unit may be operated in such a way that, when the switching lever is not rotated, the reaction providing unit sets an initial position of the switching lever by restricting a movement of the switching lever using accumulated elasticity, and when the switching lever is rotated, the reaction providing unit provides a reaction force to the pedal arm so as to cause the switching lever to come into contact with the pedal arm.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing an effort of a clutch pedal for a vehicle may include a hinge pipe provided in an upper portion of a pedal arm so that a pedal hinge penetrates the hinge pipe and having a plurality of pipe protrusions which protrude in a radial direction along a circumferential direction of the hinge pipe on an outer peripheral surface of the hinge pipe, a spring housing fixedly installed on an inside of a pedal member facing the hinge pipe, and a leaf spring positioned in an inner space of the spring housing and fixedly installed in the spring housing to be flexibly bent and having a curve portion contacting one or each of the pipe protrusions.

Abstract: A display (110) providing a tactile display user interface is provided. A display sub-assembly (204) with lens (104) is mounted within an internal frame (218) having a base (214). A perimeter seal (208) is mounted between the lens (104) and the internal frame (218). Mechanical switches (210) are disposed between a back surface of the display and the base (214) of the internal frame (218). The display sub-assembly (204) and lens (104) is moveable relative to the internal frame (218) resulting in actuation of a single mechanical switch in response to the display being pressed. Sealing of the lens (104) to the internal frame (218) being maintained during switch actuation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a touch screen panel and a touch screen assembly including the touch screen panel, the touch screen panel including a substrate; a transparent electrode layer formed on the substrate and defined by a touch area; a plurality of conductive wires electrically connected to the transparent electrode layer; and an insulation film stacked on an upper surface of the transparent electrode layer, wherein each of the plurality of conductive wires is electrically connected to a conductive line inside the insulation film, and the conductive line is extended to an outside of the insulation film and exposed therefrom, whereby a PCB and conductive wires can be improved in electrical reliability.

Abstract: A portable electronic device may have a clip. The clip may be mounted to a housing using hinge structures. The hinge structures may bias the clip towards a closed position. The clip may be opened to attach the portable electronic device to an object. When in the closed position, the clip may lie flush with the exterior of the device housing. Clip biasing may be provided using a torsion spring, a coil spring, a ribbon spring, a clip with built-in biasing, a tension spring, or a compression spring. A coupling mechanism may be used to attach the clip to the housing. The coupling mechanism may include a ratcheting rotatable mechanism, a fixed attachment structure, a flexible attachment structure, a removable structure, or a structure that includes a spring bias adjustment mechanism. The device may have a button with a touch sensor array.

Abstract: A camera that supports removable storage divided into multiple partitions is configured to write files to removable storage that is formatted into journaled and non-journaled partitions. The journaled partition uses a journaling file system and the non-journaled partition uses a non-journaling file system that is supported natively by an operating system, such as the operating system of a desktop computer. The non-journaled partition has stored on it computer program code executable by a processor to use the operating system to access files stored on the journaled partition. The camera may also be configured to partition the removable storage into the journaled and non-journaled partitions. The camera writes data to the journaled partition. This permits the processor to access the files stored on the journaled partition by the camera even if the operating system does not natively support the journaled partition.

Abstract: An object of the present technology is to provide a display device that includes an input device capable of being easily incorporated into the display device as a capacitance coupling type input device. The display device is provided with an input device having a plurality of driving electrodes 11 formed by dividing a common electrode of a liquid crystal panel 1 via slits and detection electrodes 12 arranged to cross the driving electrodes 11, and a capacitive element is formed between respective ones of the driving electrodes 11 and the detection electrodes 12. The driving electrodes 11 and the detection electrodes 12 are constituted by electrically connecting a plurality of island-like electrode blocks 11a, 12a to each other via connection portions 11b, 12b, and the electrode blocks lla of the driving electrodes 11 and the electrode blocks 12a of the detection electrodes 12 are arranged not to be opposed to each other.

Abstract: An accessory suitable for an electronic device is provided. The electronic device has a display area. The accessory includes a coupling portion and a cover portion. The coupling portion is suitable to be coupled to the electronic device. The cover portion is connected to the coupling portion and is suitable for covering the display area of the electronic device. The cover portion has a plurality of light-transmitting areas, and the light-transmitting areas are arranged on the display area in an array. An image generated by the display area is projected out of the cover portion through the light-transmitting areas. Moreover, an electronic assembly containing the electronic device and the accessory is also provided. Furthermore, a controlling method is also provided for controlling the electronic assembly.

Abstract: An electronic device includes at least one electronic component. The electronic device also includes a first housing of a single piece of metal. The first housing defines a length, a width, and a height that is less than both the length and the width. The housing has at least five side walls defining an internal cavity and an open end to the cavity that spans the width and height of the first housing. The electronic component is contained within the cavity. A cover is removably affixed over the open end of the housing so as to contribute to a retaining force applied on the electronic component therein. The first housing can be a base housing for a portable computer, and the cover can be a first portion of a hinge assembly. The electronic device can further include a display assembly operatively connected to the base housing by the hinge assembly.