Abstract: The present invention provides a method of predicting the risk of reoccurrence of melanoma in a patient from whom melanoma tissue was previously removed which comprises the following: a. obtaining a RNA-containing sample of the previously removed melanoma tissue containing RNA from the patient; b. treating the sample to determine from the RNA contained in the sample the level of expression of a plurality of preselected genes; and c. comparing the level of expression of each gene of the plurality of pre-selected genes to a predetermined reference level of expression for each such gene; wherein a higher level of expression of the plurality of pre-selected genes in the sample as compared with the predetermined reference level of expression of such genes indicates that the patient has a reduced risk of reoccurrence of melanoma.

Abstract: A method for screening patients with a cancer comprising i) determining in a tumor sample obtained from a patient an expression level ELA1-ELAn of one or several genes GA1-GAn representative of human adaptive immune response and an expression level ELI1-ELIn of one or several genes Gl1-GIn representative of human immunosuppressive response, ii) comparing the expression levels ELA1-ELAn and ELI1-ELIn determined at step i) with predetermined reference values ELRA1-ELRAn and ELRI1-ELRIn selected such as said predetermined reference values separate a panel of patients with a cancer into two groupings according to the expression level of said genes and to survival of patients according to Kaplan Meier curves analyses and associated logrank p values iii) concluding whether the patient has a good (level higher than the predetermined reference value) or a bad (level lower than the predetermined reference value) adaptive immune response and a good or a bad immunosuppressive response, optionally further comprising a st

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of diagnosing, prognosing, and monitoring cancer in a subject. These methods involves selecting a subject having cancer, and obtaining, from the selected subject, a sample containing exosomal DNA. The presence or absence of one or more mutations in BRAF and/or EGFR is detected in the exosomal DNA sample from the subject, and a diagnosis and/or prognosis of the cancer is given based on the detection of the one or more mutations in BRAF and/or EGFR. The present invention further relates to methods of treating a subject having cancer and/or monitoring a subject response to therapy based on the detection of one or more mutations in BRAF and/or EGFR in the exosomal DNA sample.

Abstract: Disclosed are markers, methods and assay systems for the identification of patients suspected of having lung cancer and/or cancer patients who are predicted to respond, or not respond to the therapeutic administration of specific chemotherapeutic regimens. Particularly, the invention provides a testing paradigm based on tumor cell samples to select cancer patients who will benefit from chemotherapy including one or more kinase inhibitor(s), as well as a paradigm to select cancer patients who will not benefit from such chemotherapy regimen.

Abstract: A method of determining the presence or absence of a target nucleic acid in a cell sample, said method comprising: a) contacting a surface comprising anion exchange moieties with the sample under conditions suitable to induce binding between the cells and said surface; b) separating the surface with the bound cells from the remaining sample to collect the cells; c) releasing nucleic acids from the cells and d) generating a hybrid between the target nucleic acid and a probe specific for the target nucleic acid e) detecting the presence or absence of the hybrid. The present invention is provides a rapid and automatable method, wherein cells, such as epithelial cells originating from cervical swab samples, are collected from the surrounding liquid medium, such as a liquid based cytology medium, by binding them to an anion exchange surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of testing whether a patient suffering of multiple myeloma will respond or not to a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) comprising: i. determining the expression level (ELi) of several genes G1-Gn selected from table A in a biological sample obtained from said patient ii. comparing the expression level (ELi) determined at step i) with a predetermined reference level (ELRi) iii.

Abstract: Described are embodiments related to prostate cancer biomarkers, agents, and systems for detecting and targeting the same, and associated prostate cancer diagnostic and prognostic methods.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detection and diagnosis of a lymphoid malignancy using high throughput sequencing of rearranged T cell receptor DNA sequences.

Abstract: Methods and kits are provided for detecting Babesia microti using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the detection of genetic differences among soybeans. More particularly, the invention relates to soybean quantitative trait loci (QTL) for tolerance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, to soybean plants possessing these QTLs, which map to a novel chromosomal region, and to genetic markers that are indicative of phenotypes associated with protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor tolerance. Methods and compositions for use of these markers in genotyping of soybean and selection are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides cotton event MON 88701, and plants, plant cells, seeds, plant parts, and commodity products comprising event MON 88701. The invention also provides polynucleotides specific for event MON 88701 and plants, plant cells, seeds, plant parts, and commodity products comprising polynucleotides specific for event MON 88701. The invention also provides methods related to event MON 88701.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions for identifying and selecting maize plants with enhanced resistance to northern leaf blight. Maize plants generated by the methods of the invention are also a feature of the invention.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method used thereof for detecting HIV-1 in a saliva sample at early stages of viral infection. The method comprises the steps of: (A) providing glycan immobilized metal nanoparticles which can recognize HIV-1 and diluting the saliva sample to half of the concentration; (B) contacting the glycan immobilized metal nanoparticles with the saliva sample and a mixture is obtained, wherein a volume ratio of the glycan immobilized metal nanoparticles to the saliva sample is 1:49, wherein the HIV-1 in the saliva sample is approximately 0.1 to 10 copies/ml; (C) concentrating the mixture; and (D) determining HIV-1 in the concentrated mixture by a detecting method; wherein each of the glycan immobilized metal nanoparticles includes a ligand-conjugate, the ligand-conjugate has a linker compound, the linker compound has a formula (1).

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for directly detecting and typing nucleic acids of pathogenic microorganism without amplification and a related kit, the invention achieves detecting and typing nucleic acids of pathogenic microorganism without amplification by the combination of multiprobe and the layer by layer assembly of fluorescence quantum dots. The method according to the invention can directly detect a nucleic acid with low concentration without amplification; the multiprobe prevents the false positives which are likely to occur in the process of signal amplification and thus increases detection accuracy. Such technology can achieve the real-time detection and simultaneous genotyping of pathogenic microorganisms with rapid speed and low cost.

Abstract: A method for producing sugars from lignocellulosic biomass is provided. Lignocellulosic biomass is composed of lignocellulosic fibers which are hollow and primarily contain cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Lignin is concentrated in the outer fiber wall and glues the fibers into bundles, but the inner fiber wall has a much lower concentration of lignin and has more easily accessible cellulose and hemicellulose. This method uses vacuum infusion to infuse homogeneous reagents into the lumen (hollow center) of lignocellulosic fibers to hydrolyze the hemicellulose and cellulose to produce sugars and oligomers, and then uses cycles of vacuum pressure to pump these homogeneous reagents and sugars and oligomers into and out of the lumen. Some types of reagents are dilute acids, cellulase enzymes, hemicellulase enzymes, Fenton or Fenton-like reagents, and hydrogen peroxide. These reagents are homogenized by mixing the reagents with process water using turbulent mixing to produce a homogeneous reagent.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for processing the skin side (5) of a tubular pelt (3), the apparatus comprising an elongated tapering mandrel (1) for supporting the pelt with its skin side turned outwards, a scraping device comprising a first set of primary scraping roller (6, 7) arranged on opposing sides of the mandrel and a second set of primary scraping rollers (8, 9) arranged on other opposing sides of the mandrel, the scraping device further comprising primary rotation means (6, 7, 8, 9) for rotating said primary scraping rollers during processing of a pelt so as to engage a skin side of the pelt, moving means for conducting a relative movement between the scraping device and the mandrel in the longitudinal direction of the mandrel, and displacement means for displacing at least one scraping roller in the direction of the axis of rotation of said scraping roller.

Abstract: A method and system for softening a high-density leather finished roll good and other stiff high density roll goods may include adjusting a first horizontal distance between a first impact grid and a first tunnel opening and adjusting a second horizontal distance between a second impact grid and a second tunnel opening based on the stiffness of the roll good. The method also may include introducing the roll good in a first direction through the air tunnel until the roll good hits the second impact grid, and introducing the roll good in an opposite direction through the air tunnel until the roll good hits the first impact grid. The method may further include passing the roll good through a cooling chamber.

Abstract: This blast furnace installation is configured such that when pulverized coal, which has been prepared by pulverizing high-grade coal, is pneumatically conveyed into a supply tank by a combustion gas, pulverized coal, which has been prepared by drying, dry-distilling, cooling, and pulverizing low-grade coal with a drying device, a dry-distillation device, a cooling device, and a pulverization device, is supplied from a storage tank by a feeder and pneumatically conveyed into the supply tank by a nitrogen gas, and then the pulverized coals in the supply tank are pneumatically conveyed from a supply line into an injection lance by a carrier gas, a control unit controls the feeders so as to gradually increase the supply amount of pulverized coal while maintaining the total amount of supply amount of pulverized coal and supply amount of pulverized coal to be supplied to the tuyere at a prescribed amount.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for measuring the liquid-metal surface level (13) and the slag surface level (14) in the crucible (1) of a metallurgical shaft furnace comprising the following steps: measuring, at one or more points on the external wall (2) of the crucible, the following variables: the circumferential strain in said external wall (2) by means of a number of strain-gauge sensors (6) fixed to the armour (4) of the external wall (2) of the crucible; and the temperature of said external wall (2) by means of one or more temperature sensors (7) fixed to the armour (4) of the external wall (2) of the crucible; introducing said variables measured at a number of points on the external wall of the crucible into the general equation governing circumferential strain, the solution of which is analytical, and which contains two unknowns, the liquid metal level and the overall liquid metal/slag level, considering set parameters; and solving said equation and obtaining an analytical solution giving

Abstract: Provided is a ferritic lightweight high-strength steel sheet having excellent stiffness and ductility and a method of manufacturing the same. The steel sheet including 0.02 wt % to 0.1 wt % of carbon (C), 4 wt % to 15 wt % of manganese (Mn), 4 wt % to 10 wt % of aluminum (Al), 2.0 wt % or less (excluding 0) of silicon (Si), 0.01 wt % to 0.3 wt % of titanium (Ti), 0.005 wt % to 0.2 wt % of antimony (Sb), and iron (Fe) as well as unavoidable impurities as a remainder, and having a value of 0.25×Ti/C ranging from 0.17 to 1.0 and a value of Mn/Al×Log(C×Ti×10000) ranging from 1.0 to 10.

Abstract: We propose a method for leaching nickel, cobalt and iron from a nickel laterite ore, characterized in that the nickel laterite ore is brought into contact with a solution of sulphuric acid and urea mixture. In this way, there is provided a method for efficient recovery of nickel and cobalt from nickel laterite ores where leaching in sulphuric acid/urea mixture can be completed in about less than 1 hour.

Abstract: The present invention provides an extraction solvent for extracting metallic elements that is characterized in that: the total concentration of chlorine (Cl2) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is from 20 to 1000 ppm; chlorine (Cl2) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) are included at a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:11; the oxidation-reduction potential is from 1100 to 1400 mV; and the pH is from 1.7 to 3.7. The present invention also provides a method for producing said extraction solvent, and a method for recovering metallic elements by using said extraction solvent.

Abstract: A method for recovering precious metal held in a metal carrier catalyst from said catalyst, that includes a step (1) in which the catalyst is heated in a nitric acid solution, and a step (2) in which the post-step (1) catalyst is heat treated in a sulfuric acid solution.

Abstract: An improved method for treating manganese-containing materials, such as nodules recovered by undersea mining, including reacting the materials with ammonia, and leaching with a mineral acid, and to methods for recovering valuable constituents from such nodules, especially manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron, copper, titanium, vanadium, cerium, and molybdenum. A method for the production of nitrate products is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of producing a master alloy for refining the grain size of a bulk alloy comprises the step of providing an Al—B alloy and adding Nb in elemental form to form an Al—Nb—B master alloy. The Al—B alloy may be prepared by providing an Al—B alloy with a higher boron content than is required and diluting it with elemental aluminium.

Abstract: A copper alloy for fastening wherein the alloy has a structure of a mixture of ?-phase and a ?-phase; and wherein the alloy has a composition represented by the general formula: Cubal.ZnaMnb, where bal., a, and b are expressed in % by mass, bal. represents the balance, 34?a?40.5, 0.1?b?6, and inevitable impurities may be contained; and the composition satisfying the equation (1): b?(?8a+300)/7, where 34?a<37.5 and equation (2): b?(?5.5a+225.25)/5, where 35.5?a?40.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a TiAl alloy for use at high temperatures having the main constituents titanium and aluminum and having a proportion of aluminum of greater than or equal to 30 at. % and a matrix composed of ? phase and precipitates of ? phase embedded in the matrix, with the ? phase and the ? phase together making up at least 55% by volume of the microstructure, and also a process for the production thereof and the use thereof.

Abstract: Provided are a metal-carbon composite material having good workability and a high carbon content and a method for producing the same. The metal-carbon composite material (1) includes a continuous metallic phase (3) and carbon particles (2) dispersed in the metallic phase (3). The carbon particle (2) includes a carbon base material and a ceramic layer covering the carbon base material.

Abstract: Provided is a 7000-series aluminum alloy sheet that is for an automobile part and that is provided with both strength and stress corrosion cracking resistance. The cold-rolling rate and solution treatment conditions are controlled of an Al—Zn—Mg alloy sheet having a specific composition and produced by means of a conventional method. Also, the structure has a low average crystal size, an average fraction of low-angle grain boundaries at an inclination angle of 5-15° of at least 15%, and an average fraction of high-angle grain boundaries at an inclination angle exceeding 15° of 15-50%. Alternatively, there is a specific aggregate structure having a low average crystal size, and a total area ratio of the specific orientation of the Brass orientation, S orientation, Cu orientation, and the like of at least a set amount.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy which has excellent thermal conductivity as well as high castability and satisfactory tensile characteristics, and is thus applicable to various kinds of structural products that require heat dissipation characteristics. According to the present invention, the aluminum alloy for die casting includes 5.5-8.5 wt % of zinc (Zn), 0.5-3.0 wt % of magnesium (Mg), 0.45-1.5 wt % of iron (Fe), and the remainder consisting of aluminum (Al) and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: Provided is an automobile part comprising a 7000-series aluminum alloy sheet and provided with both strength and stress corrosion cracking resistance. The automobile part is configured from a 7000-series aluminum alloy sheet having a specific composition, and after artificial aging processing, the grain size distribution of precipitates evaluated by means of a small angle x-ray scattering among the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy plate and the normalized dispersion of the grain size distribution are controlled, resulting in being simultaneously provided with high strength in the form of an 0.2% proof stress of at least 350 MPa, high ductility, and SCC resistance.

Abstract: An extrusion of a magnesium-based alloy consisting of, by weight: 0.5 to 1.5% manganese, 0.15 to 0.4% rare earth including lanthanum wherein the lanthanum content of the alloy is 0.15% to less than 0.3%, and up to 0.1% strontium, the balance being magnesium except for incidental impurities which includes zinc.

Abstract: This boron-containing aluminum material is obtained by carrying out the following: a mixed powder, obtained by mixing a boride powder containing first boride particles, second boride particles and particles of unavoidable impurities with an aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder that forms a matrix, is filled into in a square aluminum pipe having a prescribed shape and then rolled by using pressure rolls the gap between which is adjusted.

Abstract: There is provided a steel material with small heat treatment deformation, comprising a machine structural steel used for components for power transmission, such as gears and shafts used in automobiles, industrial machines, and the like. In the steel material, the Ms point of the steel material comprising a machine structural steel, comprising in mass %: C: 0.20 to 0.30%; Si: 0.10 to 1.50%; Mn: 0.10 to 1.20%; P: 0.030% or less; S: 0.030% or less; Cr: 1.30 to 2.50%; Cu: 0.30% or less; Al: 0.008 to 0.300%; O: 0.0030% or less; and N: 0.0020 to 0.0300%; and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, is 460° C. or less; a ratio (J9/J1.5) of hardness J9 at a distance of 9 mm from the quenched end of the steel material to hardness J1.5 at a distance of 1.5 mm from the quenched end of the steel material, as measured by Jominy end quenching method, is in a range of from 0.70 to 0.85; and a ratio (J11/J1.5) of hardness J11 at a distance of 11 mm from the quenched end of the steel material to hardness J1.

Abstract: A ferritic stainless steel having a good thermal fatigue property and oxidation resistance while minimizing the contents of Mo, W, and Nb which are expensive elements and minimizing the content of Cu which deteriorates oxidation resistance and workability.

Abstract: A cold-rolled flat steel product where Rm?1400 MPa and A80?5% and also a method for producing such product. The product includes, in addition to Fe and unavoidable impurities (in wt. %), 0.10-0.60% C, 0.4-2.5% Si, ?3.0% Al, 0.4-3.0% Mn, ?1.0% Ni, ?2.0% Cu, ?0.4% Mo, ?% Cr, ?1.5% Co, ?0.2% Ti, ?0.2% Nb, ?0.5% V. The microstructure includes (in vol. %) ?20% bainite, 10-35% residual austenite and martensite as the remainder. A slab, thin slab or a cast strip having said composition, is hot-rolled to form hot strip with a hot-rolling end temperature ?830° C., coiled at a coiling temperature ?560° C., cold-rolled at ?30% reduction and heat-treated by firstly being heated to an annealing temperature ?800° C., then being cooled at a cooling rate of ?8° C./s to a holding temperature of 470° C. to greater than the martensite start temperature and then being held at the holding temperature until at least 20 vol. % bainite is present in the microstructure.

Abstract: A non-heat treated steel according to the present invention includes, as steel composition, by mass %, 0.20 to 0.60% of C, 0.50 to 2.0% of Si, 0.20 to 2.0% of Mn, 0.010 to 0.15% of P, 0.010 to 0.15% of S, 0.10 to 0.50% of V. 0.002 to 0.02% of N, and a balance consisting of Fe and impurities, in which, when a ratio of a maximum value of a V content in the steel to an average value of the V content in the steel in a cross section of the steel is defined as a segregation ratio of V, the segregation ratio of V is 1.0 or more and less than 3.0.

Abstract: A high strength, corrosion resistant alloy suitable for use in oil and gas environments includes, in weight percent: 0-15% Fe, 18-24% Cr, 3-9% Mo, 0.05-3.0% Cu, 4.0-6.5% Nb, 0.5-2.2% Ti, 0.05-1.0% Al, 0.005-0.040% C, balance Ni plus incidental impurities and deoxidizers. A ratio of Nb/(Ti+Al) is equal to 2.5-7.5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a thermally sprayed, thin-walled cylinder liner for insertion into a cylinder crankcase and to a cylinder liner produced with said method.

Abstract: A method for heat treating a steel component, which comprises the steps of: (a) carburizing the steel component with a carbon potential above 1.0, (b) carburizing the steel component with a carbon potential above 0.6, (c) quenching the steep component, and (d) subjecting the steel component to a bainitic treatment.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert having a cemented carbide substrate and a coating including a layer of NbN, wherein the cemented carbide substrate includes 11-12.5 wt % cobalt, 0.2-1.2 wt % chromium, and 86.3-88.4 wt % wolfram carbide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus, comprising a vacuum chamber, a vapor deposition source disposed in the vacuum chamber, and a positioning unit arranged above the vapor deposition source; wherein the vapor deposition source includes a heating container and a heating unit; wherein the heating container includes a material container, a steam vessel, and an output unit successively arranged from bottom to top; wherein a first partition disposed between the material container and the steam vessel defines a first vent; wherein a second partition disposed between the steam vessel and the output unit defines a second vent; and wherein the caliber of the first vent is larger than the second vent.

Abstract: In a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus including a plurality of linear-shaped vaporization sources, equal-thickness surfaces are calculated for vaporization containers, respectively. Each of the equal-thickness surfaces indicates where a deposition amount of vapor of a vaporization material released from release holes in the corresponding vaporization container is the same per unit time. Then, the vaporization containers are placed in such a manner that contact points of the respective equal-thickness surfaces all coincide with each other on a deposition surface of a substrate, each of the contact points being where the corresponding equal-thickness surfaces come in contact with the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Arranged in the middle of an upper communication sleeve 21 is a first shutter 25 that is moved back and forth in a horizontal open-close direction to open and close a first communication path 23 that makes the inside of a first bobbin chamber 11 and the inside of a furnace body 3 communicate with each other. Arranged in a middle of a lower communication sleeve 53 is a second shutter 57 that is moved back and forth in a horizontal open-close direction to open and close a second communication path 55 that makes a second bobbin chamber 33 and the inside of the furnace body 3 communicate with each other.

Abstract: An installation for chemical vapor infiltration of porous preforms of three-dimensional shape extending mainly in a longitudinal direction, the installation comprising a reaction chamber of parallelepiped shape, the side walls of the reaction chamber including heater means and a plurality of stacks of loader devices arranged in the reaction chamber. Each loader device being in the form of an enclosure of parallelepiped shape provided with support elements for receiving porous preforms for infiltrating.

Abstract: A multilayer substrate includes a diamond layer CVD grown on a composite layer. The composite layer includes particles of diamond and silicon carbide and, optionally, silicon. A loading level (by volume) of diamond in the composite layer can be ?5%; ?20%; ?40%; or ?60%. The multilayer substrate can be used as an optical device; a detector for detecting radiation particles or electromagnetic waves; a device for cutting, drilling, machining, milling, lapping, polishing, coating, bonding, or brazing; a braking device; a seal; a heat conductor; an electromagnetic wave conductor; a chemically inert device for use in a corrosive environment, a strong oxidizing environment, or a strong reducing environment, at an elevated temperature, or under a cryogenic condition; or a device for polishing or planarization of other devices, wafers or films.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of thionyl chloride and related materials for dry etching of internal surfaces of metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) reactors to remove deposits. The method is also useful for the dry etching of process substrates within such reactors for cleaning and processing of those substrates. The invention may be particularly adaptable to chemical vapor deposition reactors used in the manufacture of high brightness LED's based on III-V semiconductors such as GaN and related materials. Features of the process include thermal, UV, and plasma activated dry cleaning, and the use of etchant gases such as COCl2, COBr2, COl2, SOl2, SOCl2, SOBr2, SO2Cl2, SO2Br2, NOCI, NOBr, NOl, S2Cl2, S2Br2, SCI2, SBr2, SOClBr, SOClF and SOFBr, either formed from neat materials or combinations of constituent gases such as CO, SO, SO2 or NO with halogens, to achieve the desired effect.

Abstract: Vaporizable material is supported within a vessel to promote contact of an introduced gas with the vaporizable material, and produce a product gas including vaporized material. A heating element supplies heat to a wall of the vessel to heat vaporizable material disposed therein. The vessel may comprise an ampoule having a removable top. Multiple containers defining multiple material support surfaces may be stacked disposed within a vessel in thermal communication with the vessel. A tube may be disposed within the vessel and coupled to a gas inlet. Filters, flow meters, and level sensors may be further provided. Product gas resulting from contact of introduced gas with vaporized material may be delivered to atomic layer deposition (ALD) or similar process equipment. At least a portion of source material including a solid may be dissolved in a solvent, followed by removal of solvent to yield source material (e.g., a metal complex) disposed within the vaporizer.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to apparatus and methods for symmetry in electrical field, gas flow and thermal distribution in a processing chamber to achieve process uniformity. Embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plasma processing chamber having a plasma source, a substrate support assembly and a vacuum pump aligned along the same central axis to create substantially symmetrical flow paths, electrical field, and thermal distribution in the plasma processing chamber resulting in improved process uniformity and reduced skew.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to performing deposition of material on a substrate by causing short-distance reciprocating motions of the substrate. A series of reactors for injecting material onto the substrate is arranged along the length of the substrate in a repeating manner. During each reciprocating motion, the susceptor moves a distance shorter than an entire length of the substrate. Portions of the substrate are injected with materials by a subset of reactors. Since the movement of the substrate is smaller, a linear deposition device including the susceptor may be made smaller.