Abstract: A fuel cell power plant stops anode gas supply to a fuel cell stack 1 by an anode gas supply mechanism 20 when an anode gas pressure in the fuel cell stack 1 reaches an upper limit pressure, and resumes supplying the anode gas by the anode gas supply mechanism 20 when the anode gas pressure in the fuel cell stack 1 lowers to a lower limit pressure. A sensor 52-54 detects if a hydrogen supply amount supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 satisfies a required amount to generate a target generated power, and a controller 51 corrects the lower limit pressure in an increasing direction when the hydrogen supply amount does not satisfy the required amount, thereby suppressing a generated power of the fuel cell stack 1 from reducing even when a flooding takes place in the fuel cell stack 1.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell device is provided which prevents excessive rising of the temperature inside a fuel cell module during the startup process. In a startup process, control unit controls to cause a transition from a fuel gas reforming reaction process to a POX process, an ATR process, and a SR process, then to a generating process; when the cell stack temperature and reformer temperature in each process satisfy respectively set transition conditions, a transition to the next process takes place; if control unit determines a temperature rise assist state exists, it executes an excess temperature rise suppression control so that during at least the transition to the generating process, the reformer temperature does not exceed a predetermined value.

Abstract: An air CO2 filtration assembly or system is provided that includes CO2 filters or traps designed and configured with a limited, but high capacity, volume to maximize filtration/absorption of CO2 from an air stream supplied to an alkaline fuel cell to thereby minimize the CO2 level in the air stream fed into the fuel cell cathode. The CO2 filters or traps include at least one thermally regenerative CO2 chemical filter or trap arranged in a tandem configuration with a strongly bonding CO2 chemical filter or trap. The combination of the two types of filters or traps sequentially filter/absorb CO2 from the air stream and reduce the level of CO2 in the air stream fed into the cathode. The air CO2 filtration assembly or system may be used in conjunction with electrochemical purging of the alkaline fuel cell that enables removal of CO2 from the fuel cell by anodic decomposition of accumulated carbonate ions in the fuel cell anode and release of CO2 through the anode exhaust stream.

Abstract: Provided is poly(benzimidazole-co-benzoxazole) having polybenzimidazole to which benzoxazole units are introduced, as a polymer electrolyte material. The polymer electrolyte material has both high proton conductivity and excellent mechanical properties even when it is obtained by in-situ phosphoric acid doping. The polymer electrolyte material may substitute for the conventional phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, particularly in a high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell.

Abstract: Provided is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), including: a fuel electrode for allowing a fuel gas to be reacted; an air electrode for allowing a gas containing oxygen to be reacted; an electrolyte film provided between the fuel electrode and the air electrode; and a reaction prevention film provided between the air electrode and the electrolyte film. The reaction prevention film includes two layers including one layer of a porous layer having an interface with the electrolyte film; and one layer of a dense layer having an interface with the air electrode. The dense layer has a porosity of 5% or less and the porous layer has a porosity of 5.1 to 60%. The porous layer includes closed pores each having a diameter of 0.1 to 3 ?m. The porous layer includes closed pores each including a component (such as Sr) for the air electrode.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly for use in a reversible fuel cell comprises an ion conductive membrane having first and second surfaces; a first electrocatalyst layer in contact with the first surface of the membrane, such first electrocatalyst layer comprising at least one discrete electrolysis-active area (ELE1i) and at least one discrete energy generation-active area (EG1i). A second electrocatalyst layer is placed in contact with the second surface of the membrane, such second electrocatalyst layer comprising at least one discrete electrolysis-active area (ELE2i) and at least one discrete energy generation-active area (EG2i).

Abstract: RFBs having solid hybrid electrodes can address at least the problems of active material consumption, electrode passivation, and metal electrode dendrite growth that can be characteristic of traditional batteries, especially those operating at high current densities. The RFBs each have a first half cell containing a first redox couple dissolved in a solution or contained in a suspension. The solution or suspension can flow from a reservoir to the first half cell. A second half cell contains the solid hybrid electrode, which has a first electrode connected to a second electrode, thereby resulting in an equipotential between the first and second electrodes. The first and second half cells are separated by a separator or membrane.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a battery cell including an electrode assembly and electrolyte provided in a battery case made of a laminate sheet having a resin layer and a metal layer, which includes: (a) mounting the electrode assembly in the battery case and sealing the periphery of the battery case except for one end part thereof through thermal fusion; (b) introducing the electrolyte through the unsealed end part and sealing the end via thermal fusion; (c) charging-discharging the battery cell to activate the same; (d) transferring gas generated during activation and excess electrolyte to the foregoing end part of the battery cell by centrifugal force; and (e) removing the gas and excess electrolyte from the end part.

Abstract: An incombustible lithium secondary battery, which has excellent battery capacity and high safety, contains a separator provided between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a lithium salt, in which the nonaqueous electrolytic solution employs an ionic liquid as a solvent, and the separator contains an electrically insulating porous inorganic membrane and a substrate. The ionic liquid may contain a bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion as an anionic component, and may contain a cation containing a nitrogen atom as a cationic component.

Abstract: A secondary battery including a fixing part on the inside of the can is disclosed. In one embodiment, the battery includes an electrode assembly having a diameter of L2, a can housing the electrode assembly and at least one fixing portion extending from an inner wall of the can toward an outer surface of the electrode assembly. In one embodiment, L1 is defined as the shortest distance between two portions of the inner wall of the can which are substantially directly opposing with respect to each other. The electrode assembly is separated from the fixing part by a gap such that the electrode assembly is prevented from contacting the can.

Abstract: The non-aqueous electrolyte battery includes an outer case, a positive electrode housed in the outer case, a negative electrode housed in the outer case such that the negative electrode is separated from the positive electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte accommodated in the outer case. The negative electrode comprises a current collector and negative electrode layer formed on one surface or both surfaces of the current collector. The negative electrode layer includes at least one main negative electrode layer which is formed on the surface of the current collector and contains a first active material, and a surface layer which is formed on the surface of the main negative electrode layer and contains a second active material different from the first active material, the second active material being a lithium titanium composite oxide having a spinel structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is lithium iron phosphate having an olivine crystal structure, wherein the lithium iron phosphate has a composition represented by the following Formula 1, a sulfur compound with a sulfide bond is contained, as an impurity, in the lithium iron phosphate particles, and carbon (C) is coated on particle surfaces of the lithium iron phosphate: Li1+aFe1-xMx(PO4-b)Xb??(1) (wherein M, X, a, x, and b are the same as defined in the specification).

Abstract: Provided is a technique of achieving a longer-life lithium ion secondary battery. The lithium ion secondary battery includes a cathode including a cathode active material containing Mn, an anode including an anode active material containing graphite and non-aqueous electrolytic solution including electrolyte, and LiBF4 and LiPF6 are allowed to coexist in the non-aqueous electrolytic solution. Especially preferably LiPF6 is contained more than LiBF4 in the electrolytic solution. Preferably the electrolytic solution further includes iodide salt. As a result, an oxide of phosphor and boron is deposited on the cathode, thus preventing elution of Mn included in the cathode. The amount of these electrolytes is preferably in the decreasing order of phosphor, boron and then iodine.

Abstract: A battery for an electric tool includes at least one battery cell, a peripheral device operable to detect a battery condition of the at least one battery cell, and a microcomputer communicating with the peripheral device. The microcomputer periodically operates the peripheral device for detecting the battery condition during the time when the battery is not electrically connected to the electric tool.

Abstract: The present invention provides a secondary cell, wherein an area having generated therein a phenomenon due to an internal short-circuit can be freely changed, a change in the secondary cell due to the generation of the internal short-circuit is correctly grasped, and safety of the secondary cell can be accurately evaluated when the internal short-circuit is generated. An internal short-circuit test method for the secondary cell is also provided. In the present invention, the secondary cell is configured by disposing: an electrode group, which is formed by winding or laminating a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and an insulating layer disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate; and a heat generating body, which is disposed between the positive electrode plate and the insulating layer or between the negative electrode plate and the insulating layer.

Abstract: A battery module having a plurality of battery cells positioned adjacent to one another and electrically connected to one another, between which the thermal resistance between adjacent battery cells may be increased in the case of a malfunction of the battery module and/or of individual battery cells, in order to prevent overheating of adjacent cells. In addition, a method for thermally decoupling battery cells in the case of a malfunction is described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a battery cell configured such that at least one electrode assembly of a structure having a cathode, an anode, and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode is mounted in a battery case, at least one heat dissipation member to dissipate heat generated in the electrode assembly during charge and discharge of the battery cell or upon occurrence of a short circuit is disposed in the electrode assembly and/or is in contact with an outer surface of the electrode assembly, and a portion of the heat dissipation member is exposed outward from the electrode assembly.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention disclose a battery heating circuit, wherein: the battery comprises a battery E1 and a battery E2. For example, the heating circuit comprises: a first charging/discharging circuit, which is connected with the battery E1, and comprises a damping component R1, a current storage component L1, a first switch unit 1 and a charge storage component C, all of which are connected in series to each other; and a second charging/discharging circuit, which is connected to the battery E2, and comprises a damping component R2, a current storage component L2, a second switch unit 2 and the charge storage component C, all of which are connected in series with each other.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a precipitation zone located between the negative electrode and the positive electrode and in fluid communication with the positive electrode, and a fluid electrolyte within the positive electrode and the precipitation zone, wherein the precipitation zone is configured such that a discharge product which is produced as the cell discharges is preferentially precipitated within the precipitation zone.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell system is configured to utilize an ionically conductive medium flowing through a plurality of electrochemical cells. One or more gas vents are provided along a flow path for the ionically conductive medium, so as to permit gasses that evolve in the ionically conductive medium during charging or discharging to vent outside the cell system, while constraining the ionically conductive medium within the flow path of the electrochemical cell system.

Abstract: A hybrid energy storage system (ESS) includes a first energy storage device including a battery having an impedance for providing a substantially constant power output, and a second energy storage device linked to the first energy storage and including a high power electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC) for providing intermittent bursts of high voltage output in a range of 1.5 to 3.0 volts, wherein an operation rating of the second energy source is within a temperature range between 75 degrees Celsius and 330 degrees Celsius while exhibiting a leakage current less than 1 amp per liter of volume over the range of operating temperatures and at a voltage up to a rated voltage.

Abstract: A hybrid battery is configured to power at least one of a low current circuitry and a high current circuitry. The hybrid battery includes a primary battery configured to supply relatively constant, low current to the low current circuitry and a secondary battery configured to supply intermittent, high peak current to the high current circuitry. The hybrid battery also includes a controller configured to monitor energy load requirements of the low current circuitry and the high current circuitry, adaptively direct energy generated by the primary battery and the secondary battery to the low current circuitry and the high current circuitry respectively, and maintain a state of charge of the secondary battery by directing electrical energy from the primary battery to the secondary battery.

Abstract: A waveguide polarization rotator is provided as unitary body with a first bore; a diametral first septum of the unitary body extending between sidewalls of the first bore. The first septum is twisted between a first end of the first septum and a second end of the first septum. The waveguide polarization rotator may be further provided in a matrix configuration with a plurality of second bores each with a diametral second septum of the unitary body extending between sidewalls of the second bores; a longitudinal axis of the first bore and each of the second bores parallel to one another. The waveguide polarization rotator may be manufactured via injection molding, casting or the like.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods related to ferrite based circulators are disclosed. A ferrite disk used in a circulator can be configured to reduce intermodulation distortion when routing radio-frequency signals having closely spaced frequencies. Such a reduction in intermodulation distortion can be achieved by adjusting magnetization at the edge portion of the ferrite disk. By way of an example, a ferrite disk with a reduced saturation magnetization (4 PiMs) edge portion can reduce intermodulation distortion. Example configurations with such a reduced 4 PiMs edge portions are disclosed.

Abstract: A printed circuit board has a dielectric constant different from the dielectric constant of free space, with at least two microstrip lines routed adjacent to one another on a surface of the printed circuit board. A dielectric coating is applied to at least one of the at least two microstrip lines such that the dielectric constant of the dielectric coating differs from the dielectric constant of free space. In a further embodiment, the dielectric coating comprises a material having a dielectric constant approximately equal to the dielectric constant of the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement includes an antenna port, a transmission port, and a reception port, each of which is connected to one respective 90° hybrid that splits an input signal into two output signals that are in quadrature. The circuit arrangement also includes two duplexers which are connected in such a way that the two output signals emitted by the 90° hybrid that is connected to the transmission port constructively interfere on the antenna port, while spurious signals caused by the two output signals destructively interfere on the reception port.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hybrid coupler device that includes a first transmission line structure and a second transmission line structure. The first transmission line structure is interdigitally coupled with the second transmission line structure such that each transmission line in the second transmission line structure is disposed adjacent to a transmission line in the first transmission line structure. The coupling or the mutual capacitance Cd between the transmission lines of the present invention need not be equal; in fact, they all can be different.

Abstract: A radio switch, in particular a snap-action switch, having an antenna, a transmitter assembly and a generator, wherein the antenna is electrically connected to the transmitter assembly in order to emit a signal which is generated by the transmitter assembly, wherein the transmitter assembly is accommodated on a circuit mount which is in the form of a panel, wherein the antenna is held in the radio switch on a mount substrate which is separate from the circuit mount.

Abstract: Handheld electronic devices and methods involving improved antenna performance are provided. A representative device includes: a housing; a first antenna mounted at a first position of the housing; a second antenna mounted at a second position of the housing; a hand position monitoring system operative to determine a position of a hand of a user grasping the housing of the device; and an antenna selection system operative to selectively and alternately activate the first antenna and the second antenna such that, responsive to the hand position monitoring system determining that the hand is in a vicinity of the first antenna, the antenna selection system activates the second antenna, and responsive to the hand position monitoring system determining that the hand is in a vicinity of the second antenna, the antenna selection system activates the first antenna.

Abstract: A wireless electronic device may contain at least one antenna tuning element for use in tuning the operating frequency range of the device. The antenna tuning element may include radio-frequency switches, continuously/semi-continuously adjustable components such as tunable resistors, inductors, and capacitors, and other load circuits that provide desired impedance characteristics. A test station may be used to measure the radio-frequency characteristics associated with the tuning element. The test station may provide adjustable temperature, power, and impedance control to help emulate a true application environment for the tuning element without having to place the tuning element within an actual device during testing. The test system may include at least one signal generator and a tester for measuring harmonic distortion values and may include at least two signal generators and a tester for measuring intermodulation distortion values.

Abstract: A handheld device comprises a casing acting as a protective supporting framework of the handheld device. A circuit board mechanically supports and electrically connects with each other electronic components of the handheld device and is configured to be embedded into the casing. At least one wireless communications circuit transmits signals and data from the handheld device and is carried by the circuit board. A flex-antenna assembly is electrically coupled to the wireless communications circuit for sending and receiving the signals and data, defines flexible dielectric and conductive layers of the flex-antenna assembly disposed adjacent to each other, and is embedded into the circuit board.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a node (1) in a wireless communication system, the node (1) comprising at least one antenna (2) which comprises an even number (A) of antenna ports (3, 4, 5, 6), at least four, where each antenna port (3, 4, 5, 6) is associated with a corresponding polarization (P1, P2), beam-width and phase center. The antenna ports (3, 4, 5, 6) are connected to a reconfiguration network (7) which is arranged for pair-wise linear combination of antenna ports (3, 4, 5, 6) of mutually orthogonal polarizations to a number (B) of virtual antenna ports (8, 9), which number (B) is equal to half the number (A) of antenna ports (3, 4, 5, 6). The virtual antenna ports (8, 9) correspond to virtual antennas and are connected to corresponding radio branches (10, 11). The present invention also relates to a corresponding method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to design of antennas for efficient communication over the radio-frequency airwaves in applications such as cellular phones and more particularly, wearable wireless devices, and to a system for reducing the overall electromagnetic energy radiated from a cellular phone designed to be worn on the body. The invention includes a series of antenna designs with a configuration of materials that can transmit wireless signals efficiently without excess power being emitted, enabling regulatory approval of a wearable wireless communications device, enhancing consumer safety, and increasing battery life. The design further enables a single antenna, with extraordinarily small physical dimensions, to be used across many of the most popular wireless communication spectra in the United State and worldwide.

Abstract: An antenna includes a dielectric sheet and a conductive film. The dielectric sheet is folded into a plurality of fold segments and is configured to be compressed into a compressed state and to be expanded into an expanded state. The conductive film is disposed on a portion of the dielectric sheet. The conductive film has a pattern that defines a current path from the bottom of the dielectric sheet to the top of the dielectric sheet. The pattern is configured so that the each of the plurality of fold segments includes a portion of the pattern and so that the portion of the pattern on each fold segment is substantially non-juxtaposed with respect to the portion of the pattern on each adjacent fold segment when the dielectric sheet is fully compressed into the compressed state.

Abstract: A waterproof part for a feedhorn includes a first waterproof unit having a first interface for generating a first reflected wave and a first transmitted wave when a satellite signal incidents the first interface, and a second waterproof unit covering on the first waterproof unit and having a second interface for generating a second reflected wave and a second transmitted wave when the first transmitted wave incidents the second interface, wherein the first and second reflected waves are substantially out-of-phase to substantially cancel the first and second reflected waves.

Abstract: An antenna array containing two or more radiating elements, with nearest neighbor radiating elements connected together with a non-Foster circuit at terminals of the radiating elements such that mutual reactance of the elements is reduced over a wider bandwidth than which would be obtained if the non-Foster circuits were omitted.

Abstract: Provided is an antenna device (1) including: an antenna element (120); a substrate (100) on which a ground conductor is provided; a first feeding portion (130); a second feeding portion (140); and a switching section (111, 131, 141). A direction in which high frequency electric current mainly flows in the ground conductor is different from while the first feeding portion (130) feeds the antenna element (120) to while the second feeding portion (140) feeds the antenna element (120).

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide for an architecture and method for testing high frequency phase shifter arrays. In one embodiment, an architecture for testing a phase shifter array, includes: a plurality of power dividers, each power divider configured to receive an output from a phase shifter within the phase shifter array and split the output into a first signal and a second signal; a plurality of power clippers, each power clipper configured to receive the second signal and modify the second signal by limiting an amplitude of the second signal; a first power combiner configured to receive the first signal from each of the plurality of power dividers to generate a first output; and a second power combiner configured to receive the modified second signal from each of the plurality of power clippers to generate a second output.

Abstract: A multi-band antenna comprises a single-pole radiating portion and a coupling radiating portion coupled to a grounding terminal. The single-pole radiating portion has a first radiating unit and a fourth radiating unit coupled to a feeding terminal. The single-pole radiating portion is bent to form a second radiating unit and a third radiating unit. The coupling radiating portion has a fifth radiating unit, and the coupling radiating portion is bent to form a sixth radiating unit. The sixth radiating unit of the coupling radiating portion and the third radiating unit of the single-pole radiating portion are coupled to each other to generate a LTE technology band near 700 MHz. The fifth radiating unit of the coupling radiating portion, the third radiating unit and the fourth radiating unit of the single-pole radiating portion are coupled to each other to generate a high frequency band.

Abstract: To ensure a sufficient communication distance and to concurrently suppress a conductor loss, a coil antenna includes a magnetic core including a first peripheral surface including at least a first principal surface, a first coil conductor located on the first principal surface and wound around a predetermined winding axis, a first base material layer stacked on the first principal surface, including at least a first surface parallel or substantially parallel to the first principal surface, and made of a material having a lower magnetic permeability than the magnetic core, and a second coil conductor located on at least the first surface. Opposite ends of the second coil conductor are coupled to the first coil conductor on the first principal surface, and a direction in which a current flows through the first coil conductor on the first principal surface is substantially the same as a direction in which a current flows through the second coil conductor on the first surface.

Abstract: An antenna includes a radiating element with a shape substantially conforming to a quadrilateral, a grounding and feed-in element, substantially surrounding the radiating element and having an opening formed near to a fourth side of the radiating element, wherein the grounding and feed-in element is electrically connected to a ground at one side of the opening and is electrically connected to a signal feed-in terminal at another side of the opening, a first connection element, having a terminal electrically connected to a first side and the fourth side of the radiating element, and another terminal electrically connected to the grounding and feed-in element, and a second connection element, having a terminal electrically connected to a third side and the fourth side of the radiating element, and another terminal electrically connected to the grounding and feed-in element.

Abstract: A patch antenna comprises a patch radiator, at least a first connection point for at least a first radio frequency signal, and at least a first feed structure. The first feed structure is arranged to connect the first connection point to at least two feed points on the patch radiator, a first of the feed points being disposed adjacent to a first edge of the patch radiator, and a second of the feed points being disposed adjacent to a second edge of the patch radiator, the first and second edges being on opposed sides of a central region of the patch radiator. The first feed structure comprises at least a first transmission line arranged to connect the first of the feed points to the second of the feed points, the transmission line being disposed in a substantially parallel relationship to the patch radiator.

Abstract: A planar antenna with widened bandwidth comprises at least one first conducting element disposed above an earth plane and separated from the latter, and means for exciting said at least first conducting element, configured to excite two distinct orthogonal resonant modes, wherein said at least first conducting element is embodied by a substrate comprising at least one thin layer of an anisotropic material with relative permeability of greater than 10 for 2 GHz. The antenna applies notably to mobile communications terminals.

Abstract: A modified PIFA antenna is designed for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The modified PIFA antenna is configured to resist detuning effects caused by use of various cable lengths and is adapted for use in the 2.4 GHz operation band. A slot extends between the ground and feed portions of the antenna for slightly increasing frequency bandwidth of the antenna.

Abstract: Provided is an antenna device including a substrate, a metal chassis disposed adjacent a rear surface of the substrate, multiple patch antenna elements formed in an array on a front surface of the substrate, feeding lines formed on the front surface of the substrate and through which electricity is fed to the multiple patch antenna elements, and a ground conductor formed on the rear surface of the substrate in a portion opposite the feeding lines.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention, a quadrifilar helix antenna can be formed to accommodate multiple frequencies using a single microstrip feed system, illustratively comprising an infinite balun in combination with interspersed antenna conductors tuned for effective resonance at the desired frequencies around the single feed system. Accordingly, as an additional aspect, the present invention also combines the multiple frequency antenna elements and the single feed system into a unitary assembly of cylindrical geometry that is generally reduced in size, with the interspersed arrangement of the multiple (e.g., resonating) antenna conductors wrapped into a short cylindrical surface. Through the use of the single hybrid feed system and resonating antenna conductors for multiple frequencies, the need for complex feed networks having multiple circuits (hybrid circuits, transformers, etc.) is alleviated, while still maintaining acceptable levels of performance.

Abstract: An impedance matching component is disclosed. The impedance matching component is disposed on and closely attached to a first side surface of a function dielectric sheet.

Abstract: Methods and systems for mitigating disturbances in a dual gridded reflector antenna are provided. An antenna system that includes a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and an intercostal ring is provided. The intercostal ring is configured to connect the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface. A baffle is disposed between the intercostal ring and a path of the electromagnetic waves. The baffle is configured to redirect the electromagnetic waves away from the intercostal ring. Alternatively, the baffle is not present, and the intercostal ring is configured to redirect a perturbed portion of an electromagnetic wave away from wave paths of electromagnetic waves reflected by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface, respectively.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a portable housing, a printed circuit board (PCB) carried by the portable housing, a wireless transceiver carried by the PCB, and an antenna connected to the transceiver and carried by the PCB. The mobile wireless communications device may further include at least one director element for directing a beam pattern of the antenna. More particularly, the at least one director element may include an electrically conductive main branch carried by the portable housing, and an electrically conductive connector portion extending between the main branch and the PCB.

Abstract: An antenna array connectivity circuit of a millimeter-wave RF module comprises a multilayer substrate having a rectangular layout; a plurality of triangular antenna edge blocks having a triangular layout arranged in the multilayer substrate such that a base of each triangular antenna edge block of the plurality of triangular antenna edge blocks is parallel to an edge of the multilayer substrate and a vertex of each triangular antenna edge block points to a center of the multilayer substrate; a plurality of antenna interfaces arranged in the multilayer substrate such that each antenna interface of the plurality of antenna interfaces lays parallel to a base of a respective triangular antenna edge block and in a perimeter of one edge of the rectangular layout; and a signal distribution network lays in the center of the multilayer substrate such that a separation is created between two groups of triangular antenna edge blocks.