Abstract: The present invention relates to polymers modified to increase their resorbability. In particular, the polymers of the invention have phenyl ester side chains which are good leaving groups and which thereby increase the resorption rate of the polymer relative to the same polymer, for example, bearing a comparable amount of an alkyl ester side chain. Such polymers are generally water insoluble, but when modified are able to solubilize drugs and upon degradation and resorption, release those in a physiological environment in a controlled and/or sustained manner.

Abstract: A fluid management system for use with a fluid reservoir includes an inflow pump and an outflow pump. The inflow pump is connectable to a probe for delivering a distention fluid to a body cavity. The outflow pump removes the distention fluid through the same probe, thus establishing a re-circulating volume of distention fluid within the body cavity. The removed fluid is filtered and returned to a fluid reservoir for eventual recycling to the body cavity. A controller adjusts the flow rates of the inflow pump and the outflow pump to maintain a pre-selected fluid pressure or volume within the body cavity.

Abstract: A bursitis treatment device (100; 200) for treatment of inflammation of a bursa (150; 502) in a patients joint includes: a rinsing aid; a reservoir (101; 201) for holding the rinsing aid in fluid, freezing fluid or gaseous state; a supply line (103; 204, 208) for transporting the rinsing aid; a heat exchanger (104; 203) for controlling the temperature of the rinsing aid—such that the temperature of the rinsing aid enables to destroy cells causing the inflammation; an access device (209) for injecting the rinsing aid into the bursa (150; 205); and a drain (105; 210) for removing the rinsing aid from the bursa (150; 205) for elimination.

Abstract: An irrigation/aspiration needle has a rigid needle body over which an elastomeric sleeve is fitted. The elastomeric sleeve terminates in a smooth, relatively soft, rounded tip through which a passageway extends, communicating with a passageway in the sleeve which, in turn, communicates with passageways in the needle body and needle mount, forming a liquid flow path through the needle. The softness of the elastomeric sleeve and, particularly, the sleeve tip protects delicate eye tissue when the needle is used for aspiration from or irrigation of the eye during surgery.

Abstract: A method for pre-filling a hemodialysis apparatus includes providing a hemodialysis apparatus comprising a pre-filling liquid source which supplies a pre-filling liquid, a dialyzer, a dialysate side, a blood side. The dialysate side comprises a dialysate chamber, a dialysate pump to pump the pre-filling liquid to the dialysate chamber, and a waste pump to pump the pre-filling liquid away from the dialysate chamber. The blood side comprises an arterial line, a blood pump, a blood chamber of the dialyzer, and a venous line. A pressure sensor is arranged on the dialysate side or on the blood side. The arterial line and the venous line are pre-filled with the pre-filling liquid via the dialysate pump. A blood-side fluid pressure is continuously determined via the pressure sensor during the pre-filling. The pre-filling is stopped when the blood-side fluid pressure determined by the pressure sensor exceeds or falls below a defined limit pressure.

Abstract: A method for exchanging heat between a primary fluid (W) and a secondary fluid (X) and a heat exchanger for heat exchange as well as an arrangement and a kit comprising a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger comprises a first and a second fluid circuit extending through the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger further comprises a stack of fluid plates and a membrane arranged between each of the fluid plates where one interspace is formed between each fluid plate and membrane. The first and the second fluid circuit are each constituted by a passage extending through the fluid plates and membranes and along the fluid plates and membranes in at least two interspaces. A primary fluid (W) is passed through the first fluid circuit and a secondary fluid (X) is passed through the second fluid circuit such that the primary fluid (W) is passed along one side of a membrane and simultaneously the secondary fluid (X) is passed along the other side of the membrane.

Abstract: A fluid trap apparatus includes an inlet configured to receive a flow of composite fluid into the apparatus. The composite fluid contains at least a first fluid and a second fluid. An outer wall defines an interior chamber. A flow diffuser is interposed within the interior chamber. The flow diffuser directs the flow of the composite fluid to circulate through the interior chamber. The first fluid and the second fluid separate as the composite fluid circulates through the interior chamber. A method of separating a first fluid from a second fluid includes introducing a flow of composite fluid into a separate chamber. A pressure gradient is created within the separation chamber. A flow diffuser is interposed in a flow path between an inlet and an outlet. The flow diffuser directs the flow of the composite fluid within the separation chamber. The first fluid and the second fluid are separated.

Abstract: Control methods of a dialysis machine for allowing the dialysate-side detection of a recirculation in an arteriovenous shunt of a patient during ongoing hemodialysis are described. A sensor is arranged downstream of a dialyzer and detects a change of a physicochemical parameter PD of outflowing dialysis fluid. Control elements are provided to guide the dialysis fluid in a selected manner through the dialyzer or pass it by.

Abstract: A split-tip catheter for placement within the vasculature of a patient and for use in hemodialysis or other suitable procedures. In one embodiment, the split-tip catheter includes a catheter body defining a first lumen and a second lumen, and a split distal region extending from a distal end of the catheter body. The split distal region includes an arterial segment defined by an outer wall enclosing an arterial segment lumen, the arterial segment lumen in fluid communication with the catheter body first lumen, and a venous segment defined by an outer wall enclosing a venous segment lumen, the venous segment lumen in fluid communication with the catheter body second lumen, the venous segment outer wall extending from the catheter body distal end to a distal nose portion. The distal nose portion may taper distally from a first outer perimeter to a second outer perimeter smaller than the first outer perimeter.

Abstract: A device for collecting liquid and, in particular, a device for collecting liquid or liquid-like substances used and/or generated in the course of medical procedures, the device including a bag-like product that is removable attachable to the site being treated, such as the ear or the nose, and including at least one opening for transporting the flushing liquid or other liquid-like substance from the site being treated into the bag. In accordance with the invention, the bag includes a collection section to be placed at the site being treated and a connecting support section that extends at least over the patient's one shoulder, the bag being designed to be supported on at least one shoulder when being used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid infusion apparatus, including: a finger module provided in a main body such that the finger module can elastically move backward from a liquid delivery tube; a tube clamp, in which two clamp bodies spaced apart from each other approach each other by means of restoring force of an elastic member upon the opening of a door during infusion, so as to compress and block the liquid delivery tube; and a tube blockage detection device which detects whether the liquid delivery tube is blocked by a cause, for example, when the outlet-side portion of the liquid delivery tube, which delivers medicinal liquid pumped by a liquid pump during infusion, is bent.

Abstract: A needle structure for communicating media to or from a patient includes a hollow shaft having two ends and a longitudinal dimension between the two ends. A passage is provided along at least a portion of its longitudinal dimension for conveying a flowable media. The shaft has at least one bend along its longitudinal dimension to dampen motion of one end of the needle relative to the other end of the needle.

Abstract: A method of administering insulin includes receiving blood glucose measurements of a patient at a data processing device from a glucometer. The blood glucose measurements are separated by a time interval. The method also includes receiving patient information at the data processing device and selecting a subcutaneous insulin treatment from a collection of subcutaneous insulin treatments. The selection is based on the blood glucose measurements and the patient information. The selection includes one or more of a subcutaneous standard program, a subcutaneous program without meal boluses, a meal-by-meat subcutaneous program without carbohydrate counting, a meal-by-meal subcutaneous program with carbohydrate counting, and a subcutaneous program for non-diabetic patients. The method also includes executing, using the data processing device, the selected subcutaneous insulin treatment.

Abstract: An injection device (2) comprises a housing (4) in which a receiving chamber (6) is provided for an injection mechanism (8) having an injection fluid container (10) that can be pressed out by means of an injection plunger (12). The injection device (2) further comprises an actuating device (18) that can be driven for automatically pressing out the injection fluid container (10), wherein said actuating device can be displaced between an insertion/removal position outside of the receiving chamber (6) and an injection position within the receiving chamber (6), wherein the actuating device (18) is spaced by a release distance (d) from the receiving chamber (6) in the insertion/removal position. A contact mechanism (22) is provided, by means of which the actuating device (18) can be brought into a stop position in which an actuating stop (26) of the actuating device (18) contacts the injection plunger (12) and in which an injection volume adjustment (28) is automatically actuated.

Abstract: A hypodermic syringe and a plurality of single use cartridges able to be successively loaded into said syringe for providing rapid dispensing of a medicant to numerous users without contamination. The cartridges are continuously fed through the syringe to inoculate patients quickly and efficiently. An operator inserts a needle into a patient by pushing a trigger. Prior to insertion, a disinfectant is dispersed from the cartridge to maintain sterility. An operator then pushes in a plunger forcing the medication through the needle into the patient. The needle is pulled back with the plunger out of the patient's skin and back into the cartridge. A new cartridge on a clip is then advanced into the syringe to inoculate the next patient. The syringe and cartridge dispenser further maintains a sterile environment during successive vaccinations reducing the transmission of any disease from patient to patient.

Abstract: A device, system and method for treatment of tissue by direct application thereto of therapeutic substances in the form of a stream of therapeutic droplets carried in a high velocity gas. The high velocity gas is produced by accelerating a flow of gas through at least one gas discharge nozzle. At least one flow of therapeutic liquid is introduced into the high velocity gas through at least one liquid discharge nozzle, thereby fragmenting the at least one flow of therapeutic liquid into a stream of therapeutic droplets. The stream is accelerated to a velocity similar to the velocity of the gas discharge flow. The accelerated therapeutic droplet stream is then applied to a tissue mass for therapeutic treatment. The therapeutic substances are provided by containers mounted directly on the device. The containers contain predefined dosages and/or concentrations of the therapeutic substances.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to flush syringe assemblies comprising an integrated contamination-prevention device integrated with device connector flushing positioned so that the practitioner cannot forget to apply disinfectant. The flush syringe assemblies comprise a barrel with an elongate plunger rod disposed therein and a cap comprising a passageway. The plunger rod includes a stopper of which at least a portion can be embedded in the passageway of the cap to form a plug in the cap.

Abstract: The present invention relates to injection devices for injecting a medicament from a cartridge (600) through a needle cannula (510). The injection device (100) includes an actuator (330, 360) for driving a piston driver (310) and includes an end of stroke limiter (341, 611). When the piston driver (310) is arrested by the end of stroke limiter (341, 611) a shielding driver (370) is automatically triggered to actively shift the needle cannula (510) into a shielded state. The injection device may include a fluid dispensing interruption mechanism that automatically interrupts fluid flow when the piston driver has moved a predetermined stroke length. The injection device may also include a single pre-stressed spring acting exclusively in a linear compression mode or exclusively in a torsion mode and adapted to sequentially drive the device to enable fully automatic operation. The invention also relates to a method of sterilizing a needle cannula assembly.

Abstract: A supplemental device for attachment to an injection device including a dosage window covering a sleeve on which dose values are marked is disclosed. The supplemental device comprises a main body; an arrangement for supporting the main body of the supplemental device in a predetermined positional relationship with the injection device; a transparent protection window located at a surface of the main body that is aligned with the dosage window of the injection pen when in use; a sensor arrangement supported in the main body and having a sensor directed at the protection window; an illumination arrangement comprising one or more sources of light, each of the one or more sources of light being directed at the protection window; and a non-transmissive part located on an optical path between a first one of the one or more sources of light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to injectors, such as pen-type injectors, that provide for administration of medicinal products from a multidose-cartridge and permit a user to set the delivery dose. The injector may include a housing, a piston rod adapted to operate through the housing, a dose dial sleeve located between the housing and the piston rod, and a drive sleeve located between the dose dial sleeve and the piston rod. The dose dial sleeve may have a helical thread of first lead and the drive sleeve may have a helical groove of second lead. The first lead of the helical thread and the second lead of the helical groove may be the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for removing delivery member shields which are intended to cover and protect delivery members, said device comprising a remover body arranged to accommodate a delivery member in its interior. The invention is characterised in that the remover body comprises at least two sets of gripping members extending into its interior and wherein each set of gripping members is configured for gripping a certain type of delivery member shield.

Abstract: A device configured to administer a medication can comprise a lower housing that includes a housing latch. The device can further comprise a needle guard that is movable relative to the lower housing along a first direction from a first position to a second position so as to expose a needle, and an upper housing supported relative to the lower housing. The upper housing can be configured to move with respect to the lower housing along a second direction from a pre-use position to a dispensed position. The housing latch can releasably interfere with the upper housing when the upper housing is in the pre-use position so as to prevent the upper housing from moving toward the dispensed position, and the movement of the needle guard toward the second position, causes the interference to be removed, thereby allowing the upper housing to move toward the second position.

Abstract: An injection device includes a syringe with a hollow needle and a stopper for sealing the syringe and displacing a medicament stored in the syringe. An arrangement for transferring a translation of a drive means to a plunger for pushing against the stopper includes a release latch pivoted at one end and connected to either the drive means or the plunger. The other end of the release latch engages the other one of the drive means or the plunger. The non-pivoted end of the release latch disengages by rotation upon contact between a ramp and another component when the stopper has displaced most of a predefined medicament dose. The release latch is long enough to provide a clearance between the plunger and the drive means when engaged to allow the plunger, stopper and needle to be retracted inside the syringe or a housing after disengaging the release latch.

Abstract: An auto-injector comprising an elongate housing arranged to contain a syringe and displacing medicament, wherein the syringe is slidably arranged with respect to the housing, spring capable of: pushing a needle from a covered position inside the housing into an advanced position, operating the syringe to supply a dose of medicament, and retracting the syringe with the needle into the covered position. Activating means is arranged to lock the spring in a pressurized state prior to manual operation and capable of, upon manual operation, releasing the spring for injection. The spring is a single drive spring arranged for advancing the needle and for injecting the dose of medicament via a plunger. A damper is arranged with the plunger by a spline so as to cause rotation of either the plunger or the damper at least during part of a translation of the plunger in proximal direction.

Abstract: A pen needle hub and cover for a pen needle assembly that provides tactile and/or audible indicia of proper attachment between the hub of the pen needle and the pen is provided. Such indicia substantially prevent under- and over-torquing of the pen needle. The tactile indicia may include a user sensing a wave of a torque of peak value followed by a torque of lesser value.

Abstract: A personal vapor device having a disguised appearance is disclosed. The personal vapor device has an outer housing and removable lid that replicate the look of a conventional drinking container, such as a water bottle or drinking cup with a straw. An atomizing device, such as a cartomizer, is contained and concealed within the open interior of the outer housing. A mouthpiece extends through the removable lid and into the open interior. Atomized liquid from the cartomizer is delivered to the mouthpiece for delivery to the user. A power supply and a control circuit are contained within the open interior and, along with the atomizing device, are concealed within the outer housing. The disguised vapor device can be used without drawing attention to the user.

Abstract: A system for controlling the delivery of medical gases includes a digital signal processor that receives at least one ventilation parameter value change, calculates a fresh oxygen flow rate, total fresh gas flow rate into the breathing circuit, and a reference oxygen flow rate representative of a predetermined oxygen concentration delivered to a patient. A graphical display presents the calculated fresh oxygen flow rate, total fresh gas flow rate, and reference oxygen flow rate. A method of controlling the delivery of medical gases to a patient includes calculating a total fresh gas flow rate into the breathing circuit, calculating a fresh oxygen flow rate into the breathing circuit, calculating a reference oxygen flow rate representative of a predetermined oxygen concentration delivered to the patient and presenting the total fresh gas flow rate, the fresh oxygen flow rate, and reference oxygen flow rate on a graphical display.

Abstract: An airway device (14), that is used to maintain a clear airway in a patient, e.g. for artificial ventilation during surgery, comprises an inflatable cuff (26), which is inflated when in position in a patient's airway (24). The inflated cuff (26) provides a seal to maintain the device (14) in position in a patient's airway (24), and to prevent leakage of infected oropharangeal secretions into the patient's lungs. A method and apparatus (10) for monitoring and controlling the pressure in the inflatable cuff (26) is described, which, in one embodiment, controls the pressure about a setpoint pressure, while preventing loss of sealing pressure during a patient's respiratory cycle. In other embodiments, the method and apparatus monitors for: leaks in the pressure system of the device (14) that includes the cuff (26); blockage in the pressure system, and/or malpositioning of the airway device (14) during use.

Abstract: A plaster for attaching a trachestoma valve in connection with a traceostoma on a person's neck. The plaster comprises a socket and an annular flange, communicating with a central opening of the flange which is connected with a single-coated adhesive tape, which extends radially beyond the edge of the flange. The connection includes a first annular joint at or inwardly of the outer periphery of the flange, and a second annular joint located between the outer periphery of the flange and the inner periphery of the flange spaced radially from the first annular joint. A protecting liner covers the adhesive on the tape.

Abstract: A bite block and methods of use thereof are disclosed. The bite block may be configured to encompass a tube such as an endotracheal tube, and to protect the mouth of an intubated patient from clenching damage.

Abstract: A method for managing patient ventilator operation includes receiving data representing one or more hemodynamic parameters. In response to the received data representing the one or more hemodynamic parameters, one or more commands are provided for adaptively altering ventilator operation.

Abstract: A dual lumen cannula includes a first tube defining a return lumen and having a proximal end, a mid-portion and a distal end, wherein the distal end includes a return aperture. A second tube is coaxial with the first tube and has a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the second tube is fixedly attached to the mid-portion of the first tube and wherein the distal end of the second tube includes a drainage aperture. A drainage lumen is defined by a space between the first tube and the second tube. A connector is attached to the proximal end of the second tube. The connector includes a reservoir for receiving a fluid from the proximal end of the second tube. The first tube extends through the connector and does not attach directly with the second tube at the connector, and the first tube remains substantially coaxial with the second tube throughout a length of the second tube.

Abstract: A medical device and method are provided for accessing a side branch in an artery. The device includes a catheter having a sidewall, an internal lumen, and a side port formed through the sidewall. A perforating guide wire has a proximal portion within the internal lumen and a distal portion arranged to be movable out of the side port. The guide wire can be delivered through the side port to a side branch artery when the catheter is deployed to a location with the side port aligned with the side branch artery. In another embodiment, the catheter has inner and outer telescoping tubes with offset exit ports formed therein. The telescoping tubes can be used to change the degree of deflection of the perforating guide wire by changing the relative positions of the offset exit ports.

Abstract: A deflectable catheter including an outer member having a proximal portion and a distal portion, an elongated column member extending distally from the outer member and an inner member positioned coaxial with the outer member and attached to the column member. The inner member extends distally of the outer member and has a distal tip portion. A reinforcement member is positioned over the column member to restrict axial movement of the column member such that when one of the inner member or outer member is moved with respect to the other, axial compression of the column member is restricted by the reinforcement member causing the distal tip portion of the inner member to deflect laterally.

Abstract: A drainage catheter, including a catheter tube body that can have a pig-tail loop in a distal end, a rigid member configured to be placed inside of the catheter, a pig-tail straightening sleeve configured to move axially along the tube body, the sleeve having a lip formed on an end of the sleeve, the lip being configured to be positioned towards the distal end of the tube body, thereby straightening the catheter tube body and facilitating entry of the rigid member into the catheter tube body when the pig-tail straightening sleeve is positioned to straighten the catheter tube body.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an operating member with which curving operation of a catheter distal part can be easily carried out without moving a comparatively-large member. An operating member has a rotational operation part (10) that is fixed to an elongated body (100) for medical use and rotates the elongated body for medical use about the axis, pull wires (20) fixed to the elongated body for medical use, and a pull operation part (30) that is connected to the pull wires and curves at least part of the elongated body for medical use in a direction intersecting the axial direction by pulling the pull wire.

Abstract: A medical appliance securing device. In one embodiment, the device includes a pair of anchoring patches, each of the anchoring patches having an inner edge. A retaining tab extends from and interconnects the inner edges of the anchoring patches. The retaining tab has a first end fixed to the patches and a second end that is free to move relative to patches so that the retaining tab may be wrapped around at least a portion of a medical appliance. Complementary fasteners are adhered to the fixed and free ends of the retaining tab. Both the anchoring patches and the retaining tab are made up of a multi-layer material that includes a breathable non-woven fabric, a pressure-sensitive adhesive adhered to one surface of the fabric, and a moisture-barrier layer adhered to the opposite surface of the fabric.

Abstract: An intravenous catheter system having a retractable needle system and a body system is disclosed. The retractable needle system includes a housing, a needle, a docking feature, and an optional anti-shearing mechanism. The body system includes a body, at least one hub, a catheter connector, at least one plug, a plug recoil mechanism, a locking mechanism, a flash chamber, and a flash window.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a valve assembly for sealing a through passage of a catheter introducing device, comprising a sealing unit having a movable closing member connected to a biasing means, and a seat member arranged with a sealing surface around the aperture of the through passage, wherein the biasing means is arranged to urge the closing member to sealably abut against the sealing surface, corresponding to a closed position, so as to prevent flow of fluid through the valve. The invention also relates to a catheter introducer assembly comprising a valve assembly.

Abstract: A breast cavity spacer device, such as for use with a percutaneous lumpectomy, is provided. The device includes a body having a projection on one end. The body has a bore extending there through. A catheter is disposed at least partially within the bore. A balloon member is fluidly coupled on one end of the catheter, the balloon member having an elliptical shape.

Abstract: A liquid catheter, in particular a urinary catheter, includes a catheter shaft part (21) with a longitudinal liquid channel extending between a proximal and distal side thereof, and an anchoring body (22). The catheter body is intended to be received fully internally in a body cavity, such as in particular the urine bladder (50), and to drain the bladder from inside via the urethra (51). The catheter body has a length to span a distance between the bladder and a closure point (35) of the sphincter urethra. An operating member (24,25) is connected durably to the catheter body to enable a user to carry the catheter body transluminally out of the bladder past the closure point. An insertion device for the catheter includes an insertion sleeve which can be carried transluminally as far as the urine bladder and from which the catheter body can be carried into the bladder.

Abstract: A catheter assembly includes an elongated main body defining two or more longitudinal lumens including distally positioned openings. One or more side-ports are defined in the main body communicating with at least one of the two or more longitudinal lumens. The catheter assembly also includes an inflatable balloon disposed around a portion of the main body. The inflatable balloon includes a distal end disposed substantially adjacent to a proximal side of one or more side-ports. The inflatable balloon in the inflated state is adapted to extend at partially over the one or more side-ports.

Abstract: A balloon catheter capable of delivering torque and pushing through obstructions includes a relatively weak balloon segment of a catheter and rotatable asymmetric tip. A reinforcement sleeve increases column strength and torque transmission to push the balloon and rotate the tip to facilitate passage through said obstructions. The tip is preferably asymmetric around its axis, usually being beveled, and the reinforcement slide includes a slide lock mechanism which increases shaft flexibility after balloon deployment.

Abstract: A balloon catheter of novel configuration, which is capable of both efficiently heating a heating element by using a laser light and of ensuring durability by avoiding the laser light directly heating members other than the heating element. Provided is a balloon catheter with a balloon disposed in a distal end section of a shaft and wherein: a tightly wound coil shaped heating element is housed and arranged in the balloon; an optical fiber that irradiates a laser light inside the heating element is disposed; and a supply path that supplies a fluid to inside the balloon through an inside of the heating element and a discharge path that discharges the fluid from inside the balloon through a discharge port positioned on an outside of the heating element are disposed.

Abstract: The devices and methods shown provide for the minimization of extravazation during arthroscopic surgery. The extravazation minimization device allows a surgeon to drain excess fluids from the soft tissue surrounding the surgical field while also providing a stable surgical portal for arthroscopic surgical instruments.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating the brain comprises an implantable fluid exchange device coupled to a control unit to periodically alternate a delivery of a therapeutic agent with a removal of cerebrospinal fluid from a cranial subarachnoid space to prevent local inflammatory host-products from blocking a transmeningeal diffusion of the therapeutic agents into the cerebral cortex and thereby allow an effective treatment of cerebral cortical disorders by the delivery therapeutic agents.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a pelvic treatment system and method are provided. The present invention can include one or more drug eluting darts or barbs that are lodged into the wall and will elute the drug over a desired time period (weeks, months for example) to treat OAB, BPH, tissue weaknesses, or other disorders or diseases.

Abstract: A spring contact component for a plug socket of an electromedical implant, with a coil surrounding the outer periphery of a plug opening. A simpler, more cost effective and automatable design of a plug socket module can be achieved in that at least one end of the coil is electrically and mechanically connected directly to a connector pin via a wire-shaped and/or strip-shaped element. The invention also relates to a corresponding plug socket module, a modular header, and a method for producing a spring contact component of this type.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for configuring filters for reducing heating within pacing/sensing leads of a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator that might occur due to induced currents during a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedure or in the presence of other sources of strong radio frequency (RF) fields. In particular, techniques are provided for selecting inductors and capacitors for use in LC filters while taking into account the tolerances of the component devices, as well as the target impedance of the components and the particular RF frequencies to be filtered.

Abstract: A method for delivering energy to tissue having a necrotic threshold may generally comprise inserting an electrode array comprising a plurality of electrodes into the tissue, inserting a central electrode into the tissue, positioning a ground pad proximal to the tissue, applying a first sequence of electrical pulses to the electrode array less than the necrotic threshold to induce thermal heating in the tissue, applying a second sequence of electrical pulses to the central electrode equal to or greater than the necrotic threshold to induce cell necrosis in the tissue by irreversible electroporation, and applying a ground potential to the ground pad. Electrical ablation devices and systems and methods of using the same are also described herein.