Abstract: Devices, systems and methods are disclosed for treating or preventing gastroparesis, functional dyspepsia, and other functional gastrointestinal disorders. The methods comprise transmitting impulses of energy non-invasively to selected nerve fibers, particularly those in a vagus nerve. The methods provide damaged interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) with trophic factors via vagal afferent nerve fibers, thereby reversing ICC damage, and as a consequence improving gastric motility. The methods also increase levels of inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain so as to decrease neural activity within the area postrema, or they deactivate a resting state neural network containing parts of the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex, which will thereby reduce abnormal interoception and visceral hypersensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low-frequency stimulator using music, and a weight-loss assisting system having a low-frequency stimulator. The low-frequency stimulator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a beat extracting unit extracting a beat through a sound pressure magnitude comparison between one or more acoustic signals having different frequencies generated when music is played on a music player; a pulse generator generating a pulse having the same magnitude as that of the extracted beat; and a pair of electrode pads attached to a user's body and applying an electrical stimulus having an intensity corresponding to the magnitude of the generated pulse to the user's body.

Abstract: Portable transdermal electrical stimulation (TES) applicators for modifying a subject's cognitive state. In general, the portable applicators described are specifically configured and adapted to be lightweight and may be wearable, and to deliver a high-intensity TES able to evoke or enhance a predetermined cognitive effect. These TES applicators may include a pair of electrodes and a TES control module comprising a processor, a timer and a waveform generator. TES control module is adapted to deliver a biphasic electrical stimulation signal of 10 seconds or longer between the first and second electrodes having a frequency of 400 Hz or greater, a duty cycle of greater than 10 percent, an intensity of 3 mA or greater, with a DC offset.

Abstract: A method for treating a subject is provided, including applying electrical stimulation to a site of the subject selected from the group consisting of: a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG), a greater palatine nerve, a lesser palatine nerve, a sphenopalatine nerve, a communicating branch between a maxillary nerve and an SPG, an otic ganglion, an afferent fiber going into the otic ganglion, an efferent fiber going out of the otic ganglion, an infraorbital nerve, a vidian nerve, a greater superficial petrosal nerve, and a lesser deep petrosal nerve. The stimulation is configured to excite nervous tissue of the site at a strength sufficient to induce at least one neuroprotective occurrence selected from the group consisting of: an increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) of the subject, and a release of one or more neuroprotective substances, and insufficient to induce a significant increase in permeability of a blood-brain barrier (BBB) of the subject.

Abstract: Non-invasive electrical nerve stimulation devices and magnetic stimulation devices are disclosed, along with methods of treating medical disorders using energy that is delivered noninvasively by such devices. The disorders comprise migraine and other primary headaches such as cluster headaches, including sinus symptoms that resemble an immune-mediated response (“sinus” headaches), irrespective of whether those symptoms arise from an allergy that is co-morbid with the headache. The disclosed methods may also be used to treat other disorders that may be co-morbid with migraine headaches, such as anxiety disorders. In preferred embodiments of the disclosed methods, one or both of the patient's vagus nerves are stimulated non-invasively. In other embodiments, parts of the sympathetic nervous system and/or the adrenal glands are stimulated.

Abstract: A system and method for treating a patient suffering from chronic hypertension. Electrical therapeutic energy is delivered to a nerve branch of a renal artery of the patient, thereby treating the chronic hypertension. Another system and method for treating a medical condition of a patient. Electrical stimulation energy is delivered to a stimulation site on the wall of a blood vessel, thereby evoking a compound action potential in a nerve branch associated with the blood vessel, sensing the evoked compound action potential at a sensing site on the wall of the blood vessel, identifying a circumferential location of the nerve branch as being adjacent the stimulation site or sensing site based on the sensed compound action potential(s), and delivering therapeutic energy to a therapeutic site on the wall of the blood vessel adjacent the circumferential location of the nerve branch, thereby modulating the nerve branch and treating the medical condition.

Abstract: For terminating a high frequency arrhythmic electric state of a heart an electric signal representative of the present electric state of the heart is obtained. From the electric signal a dominant frequency of the present electric state is determined, and from the dominant frequency it is determined whether the present electric state of the heart is a high frequency arrhythmic electric state displaying at least one rotating wave. Further, a dominance level indicative of how dominant the dominant frequency is in the high frequency arrhythmic electric state is determined from the electric signal. Depending on the at least one dominant frequency, at least one series of electric pulses at intervals is generated. The electric pulses are applied to the heart starting at a point in time at which the dominance level exceeds a predefined threshold value for the heart being in a determined high frequency arrhythmic electric state.

Abstract: An implantable medical device operates to promote intrinsic ventricular depolarization according to a pacing protocol. When a cardiac rate exceeds a predetermined threshold, the implantable medical device modifies the pacing protocol parameters to promote AV synchrony.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention concern the timing of sending one or more commands to control circuitry of a multi-electrode lead (MEL). In one embodiment, the one or more commands are sent to control circuitry within the MEL during a predetermined portion of a cardiac pacing cycle to avoid potential problems of prior systems that were not synchronized with the cardiac pacing cycle. In one embodiment, the one or more commands are sent when cardiac tissue is refractory from a cardiac pacing pulse, to prevent the command(s) from potentially undesirably stimulating cardiac tissue. The command sending can occur such that the one or more commands are sent between instances when sensing circuitry of the implantable cardiac stimulation device is being used to obtain one or more signals indicative of cardiac electrical activity, to prevent interference between the one or more commands with the signals indicative of cardiac electrical activity that are sensed.

Abstract: A medical device performs a method for controlling a cardiac pacing therapy. The device determines an inter-atrial conduction time (IACT) and compares the IACT to a threshold. A controller included in the device sets a pacing interval for controlling delivery of pacing pulses to a ventricle to a first ventricular pacing interval that expires after the IACT in response to the IACT being less than the threshold and sets the pacing interval to a second ventricular pacing interval that expires before the IACT in response to the IACT being greater than the threshold.

Abstract: A handheld device (10) has a graphic display (12), an interface (18) for wireless data transmission, an input unit (14) for input of control commands, and a control unit (16) connected to the display (12), the interface (18), and the input unit (14). The control unit (16) is designed to display a schematic diagram of a human body on the graphic display (12) and to allow a selection of partial regions of the diagram with the help of the input unit (14).

Abstract: A co-connected hermetic feedthrough, feedthrough capacitor, and leadwire assembly includes a dielectric substrate with a via hole disposed through the dielectric substrate from a body fluid side to a device side. A conductive fill is disposed within the via forming a hermetic seal and is electrically conductive between the body fluid side and the device side. A feedthrough capacitor is attached to the dielectric substrate and includes a capacitor dielectric substrate, an unfilled capacitor via hole including an inner metallization, a set of capacitor active electrode plates electrically coupled to the inner metallization, an outer metallization disposed and a set of capacitor ground electrode plates electrically coupled to the outer metallization. A conductive leadwire is disposed within the unfilled capacitor via hole. An electrical joint connects the conductive fill, the capacitor inner metallization along with the capacitor active electrode plates and the conductive leadwire.

Abstract: Improved compliance voltage generation circuitry for a medical device is disclosed. The improved circuitry in one embodiment comprises a boost converter and a charge pump, either of which is capable of generating an appropriate compliance voltage from the voltage of the battery in the device. A telemetry enable signal indicating whether the implant's transmitter, receiver, or both, have been enabled is received. A “boost” signal from compliance voltage monitor-and-adjust logic circuitry is processed with the telemetry enable signal and its inverse to selectively enable either the charge pump or the boost converter: if the telemetry enable signal is not active, the boost converter is used to generate the compliance voltage; if the telemetry enable signal is active, the charge pump is used. Because the charge pump circuitry does not produce a magnetic field, the charge pump will not interfere with magnetically-coupled telemetry between the implant and an external controller.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transferring medical information from a first medical monitoring device to a second device are provided. Medical information from the first medical monitoring device is encoded as an ECG waveform and the ECG waveform having the encoded medical information is provided to the second device as an input ECG waveform.

Abstract: In general, the invention is directed to techniques for using an external defibrillator to detect a presence of an implantable medical device (IMD) implanted within a patient, and providing therapy to the patient through communication between the external defibrillator and the IMD. An external defibrillator provides prompts to a user of the external defibrillator to determine the presence of an IMD implanted within the patient. For example, the external defibrillator may prompt the user to visually inspect the patient's chest for signs that an IMD was implanted, such as a scar or raised portion of skin near the patient's clavicles. As another example, the external defibrillator may prompt the user to place a detection device on the patient's chest. The detection device may be coupled to the external defibrillator, and may employ a magnet to initiate telemetry by the IMD to detect the presence of the IMD.

Abstract: An electromagnetic radiation treatment regime includes identifying a target area of a patient. An electromagnetic radiation source, for example, a low frequency and/or radio frequency electromagnetic radiation source, is selected, along with treatment session parameters, such as, pulse frequency, pulse duration, electrical current, magnetic flux density, and/or treatment session exposure time. An amount of electromagnetic radiation is applied to the target area, and a response to the electromagnetic radiation in the target area is measured. Based on an evaluation of the measured response, the treatment parameters may be modified for one or more subsequent electromagnetic radiation treatment session.

Abstract: Devices and systems are disclosed for the non-invasive treatment of medical conditions through delivery of energy to target tissue, comprising a source of electrical power, a magnetically permeable toroidal core, and a coil that is wound around the core. The coil and core are embedded in a continuous electrically conducting medium, which is adapted to have a shape that conforms to the contour of an arbitrarily oriented target body surface of a patient. The conducting medium is applied to that surface by any of several disclosed methods, and the source of power supplies a pulse of electric charge to the coil, such that the coil induces an electric current and/or an electric field within the patient, thereby stimulating tissue and/or one or more nerve fibers within the patient. The invention shapes an elongated electric field of effect that can be oriented parallel to a long nerve. In one embodiment, the device comprises two toroidal cores that lie adjacent to one another.

Abstract: Applicators for HDR brachytherapy for topical skin treatment which employ multiple channels for radioisotope sources, oriented by the applicator generally parallel to each other and to a desired treatment area skin surface. These applicators provide good radiation exposure uniformity. Filtration of undesirable low energy radiation may be employed using an attached filter element. The applicators are particularly adapted for the treatment of squamous and basal cell skin cancers or other skin lesions. The applicators may provide two or more source guides in various sizes and shapes are described.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a method of performing microbeam radiation therapy on a subject, including: producing a high-energy radiation beam in a first direction; producing planar microbeams using the high-energy radiation beam in the first direction, wherein the microbeams have a width, wherein the planar microbeams produce scattered electrons; and applying a magnetic field in a direction lying in a plane substantially parallel to the planar microbeams, wherein the strength of the magnetic field corresponds to the width of the microbeam.

Abstract: Handheld flashlight type vibratory therapeutic treatment invention, devices, and methods that can house a small piezoelectric crystal adjacent to a bulb in the emitting chamber portion of a flashlight housing, where the crystal is located next to or between light source, or off-axis to the light emitting beam of the flashlight. The crystal can generate a fixed output of approximately 7 to approximately 8 Hertz while the flashlight body is positioned up to approximately 18 inches over the body part being treated with a light beam from the bulb being aimed at the area to be treated. Treatment effectiveness can occur within approximately 2 minutes of being treated. The flashlight invention can be used for treating a variety of ailments such as inflammations, nerve problems, joint pain, muscle pain, as well as gall bladder type problems.

Abstract: An irrigant comprising either a hypochlorite compound or a chlorhexidine compound in combination with at least one surfactant and preferably two or more surfactants, including fluorosurfactants, ethoxylates, sulfonates, quaternary ammonium compounds, amine oxides, and combinations thereof, wherein each of the surfactants are capable of complexing with one another.

Abstract: The composition comprises of a component A selected from a hydroxylated derivative of benzoic acid or of cinamic acid, their esters, amides or salts, a glycoside of a hexose, and their mixtures; and a component B selected from quinic acid, shikimic acid, their alkaline metal or alkaline earth salts, their methyl esters, and mixtures of the same. This composition is suitable for protecting the skin against ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun or artificial sources, such as those used in phototherapy units and in sun tanning rooms. For application in the field of dermatology and nutrition, and, in particular, in the photoprotection of the skin and mucosa, photo-ageing and photocarcinogenesis, including protection of the immune system associated with the skin.

Abstract: A fire suppression system for aircraft storage containers includes a fire suppression unit removably located within each cargo container and a human to machine interface (HMI) located in the aircraft cockpit. Each fire suppression unit includes an identifier so that each unit is identified and correlated with its container. The HMI monitors each fire suppression unit including monitoring internal temperature, presence of chemical fumes, presence of smoke, presence of flammable gases, and presence of fire. Each fire suppression unit is programmed with specific thresholds of temperature, chemical fumes, smoke, and/or flammable gases, whereby when a threshold is reached activation of fire suppression means within the fire suppression unit is accomplished.

Abstract: A water monitor includes a stationary portion having a fluid inlet. A movable portion has a first piece rotatably coupled to the stationary portion and a second piece rotatably coupled to the first piece. The first piece has a first sleeve and an opposing second sleeve configured to rotatably couple to the second piece. The second piece has an inlet portion and a fluid outlet. The inlet portion includes a fluid opening and is configured to extend through the first sleeve and the second sleeve. A fluid flow path extends between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet and is configured to communicate fluids from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet. A power transmission is coupled to the inlet portion adjacent the first sleeve and the fluid flow path bypasses the power transmission. The movable portion is rotatable with respect to the stationary portion to position the fluid outlet.

Abstract: An upright ESFR sprinkler includes a generally tubular body, at least one frame arm, a closure assembly, an unactuated heat responsive trigger assembly and a deflector assembly with a K-factor greater than 14, and preferably 16.8. The passageway extends between inlet and outlet openings. The closure assembly is positioned proximate the outlet so as to occlude the passageway with a Belleville seal. An ejection spring is coupled to the closure assembly. The heat responsive trigger assembly has a Response Time Index of 40 meter1/2-second1/2 (m1/2sec1/2) or less. The deflector assembly includes a nosepiece and a plate like redirecting member. The plate like redirecting member faces the outlet and is coupled to the at least one frame arm and spaced from the outlet opening. The plate shaped member includes a first generally planar portion, a conical second portion, and a third portion extending from the conical second portion.

Abstract: An adjustable rebound device may include a support platform and a warping assembly to adjust a rebound resistance of the support platform. The warping assembly may include a plurality of mounting assemblies coupled to the support platform and a rebound adjustment assembly coupled to at least one of the mounting assemblies. The rebound adjustment assembly may be configured to actuate a mounting assembly such that the support platform is warped and a rebound resistance is adjusted. A method for adjusting a rebound resistance of a platform assembly is also described. An exercise machine may include a machine base assembly, a support platform, and a warping assembly. The warping assembly may include a plurality of mounting assemblies and a rebound adjustment assembly, such that the rebound adjustment assembly is configured to actuate a mounting assembly such that the support platform is warped and a rebound resistance is adjusted.

Abstract: A metal sport and entertainment framework includes a plurality of vertical metal supporting tubes, straight type horizontal metal side tubes, oblique horizontal metal side tubes, straight type horizontal metal branch tubes and oblique horizontal metal branch tubes. The vertical metal supporting tube is made of hollow metal tubes, and side tube combination hole units are arranged at interval on each vertical metal supporting tube. Straight type horizontal metal side tubes are laterally set between two vertical metal supporting tubes to form a vertical combined positioning state. An oblique combined positioning state is formed between oblique horizontal metal branch tubes and oblique horizontal metal side tubes.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for enabling an operator to exercise comprising a frame having a body, a base and a top. A load is positioned on the frame for providing a resistive force. A press is positioned on the frame for displacement by the operator. A linkage joins the load with the press for displacing the load upon displacement of the press by the operator. An aria extends between a support end and a user end. A support pivot secures the support end of the arm to the top of the frame for pivoting the arm about the frame. A user interface inputs and outputs data. A user pivot securing the user interface to the user end of the arm for pivoting the user interface about the arm.

Abstract: A range of motion therapy apparatus and kit according to the present invention includes an elongate body member having a flexible construction and generally tubular configuration defining an open space, the body member having an open proximal end and a closed distal end opposite the proximal end. The apparatus and kit includes a tubular receptacle having a closed bottom and a continuous side wall extending upwardly from the closed bottom that, together, define an interior area and an open top. The tubular receptacle includes a diameter smaller than a diameter of the body member such that the tubular receptacle is selectively received in the open space of the body member. A weighted straight bar, a generally C-shaped bar, and a tubular cushion may also be included. All components may be stored in the tubular receptacle.

Abstract: An exercising chair device includes a chair member having a seat element and an upwardly extended column, a lever pivotally attached to the column and having a bar for engaging with an ankle portion of the user, and a barrel rotatably attached to the lever and rotatable relative to the lever between a lateral working position that is located in front of the bar, and an upwardly extended folding position that is moved away from the bar and located in front of the lever, and for allowing the user to easily engage his feet onto the bar when the barrel is moved away from the bar, and for allowing the feet of the user to be engaged between the bar and the barrel when the barrel is rotated relative to the lever to the lateral working position.

Abstract: A treadmill, having: (a) a frame with front and rear rollers and a continuous tread wrapped therearound; (b) a flywheel connected to one of the front or rear rollers; and (c) a magnetic resistance unit positioned near the flywheel to provide resistance to rotation of the flywheel. The magnetic resistance unit is moved up and down by an operator to move a series of magnets to different positions near the flywheel such that the position of the magnets determines the amount of resistance provided to rotation of the flywheel.

Abstract: A recumbent fitness equipment with synchronized pedals and armrests and a seat adjustment device includes a frame, a rotary wheel assembly, a pair of pedal assemblies, a pair of armrests, a seat mounting rack, and seat. When the user stamps the pedals, the armrests also move along with the pedals, so that the user's feet and hands can move simultaneously during exercise, so as to improve exercise effect. Besides, the distances from the seat member and the armrest rods to the pedal assemblies can be adjusted to meet the demands of different users.

Abstract: A combination spirometer and PEP breathing exercise device is described. The device includes a spirometer with a volumetric air chamber having an atmospheric opening, an exhaust port, and an indicator of inhalation rate or volume; a breathing tube having a proximal end in communication with the exhaust port, a distal end with a mouthpiece, and a conduit between the proximal and distal ends; a one-way check valve adjacent the exhaust port allowing air to flow from the spirometer through the breathing tube to the mouthpiece, but preventing air from being exhausted through the spirometer; and a PEP valve in communication with the breathing conduit, whereby expiration of air from the mouthpiece into the breathing tube above a preset pressure causes the valve to oscillate.

Abstract: A muscle conditioning or muscle assessment apparatus comprises a load bearing component incorporating a proximal portion for engagement with at least part of a user's body, and a distal portion for securing said component to a fores applying apparatus or an operator; and a transducer located between said proximal and distal portions; said transducer being configured to derive signals representative of the tensile and/or compression forces applied to said load bearing component; wherein said apparatus further comprises means for determining one or more characteristics of position and/or displacement of said load bearing component; said apparatus being configured to output signals representative of said force and the direction of said force.

Abstract: A method for providing live and archived cycling classes to remote users comprising providing information about available live and archived cycling classes that can be accessed via a digital communication network by a first user using a first stationary bike at a first remote location for display at the first remote location via an interface that includes a display screen, whereby the first user can select either a live cycling class or select among a plurality of archived cycling classes to be displayed on the display screen, receiving from the first user a selection of one of the available live or archived cycling classes for display on the display screen at the first remote location, and providing digital video and audio content comprising the selected cycling class to a computer at the first remote location for display to the first user.

Abstract: An exercise assembly includes a bench sized and configured to support the back of a supine person. In a first mode of operation, the bench is structurally supported in a fixed, upwardly facing orientation relative to an underlying floor surface. The structural support is selectively removed by the person to switch to a second mode of operation, in which the bench is tiltable laterally relative to the underlying floor surface. Left and right pivot poles are mounted on one end of the bench and selectively pivoted back and forth by the feet of the person lying supine on the bench.

Abstract: The surface of a golf ball 2 is divided by four comparting great circles CG into six spherical quadrangles Ss and eight spherical triangles St. The eight spherical triangles St are composed of four first spherical triangles St1 and four second spherical triangles St2. Dimple patterns of the six spherical quadrangles Ss are the same. Dimple patterns of the four first spherical triangles St1 are the same. Dimple patterns of the four second spherical triangles St2 are the same. The dimple pattern of each first spherical triangle St1 is different from the dimple pattern of each second spherical triangle St2. The comparting great circles CG are obtained by projecting the 24 sides of a cuboctahedron inscribed in a phantom sphere of the golf ball 2 on the surface of the phantom sphere.

Abstract: In a multi-piece solid golf ball having a core, an envelope layer, an intermediate layer and a cover, the core is formed primarily of a thermoplastic resin and has a diameter of from 20 to 30 mm, the envelope layer is formed of a rubber composition containing primarily a rubber material and has a thickness of from 3 to 10 mm, the intermediate layer is formed of a resin composition containing primarily an ionomer, and the cover is formed of a resin composition containing primarily a urethane. Both the relationship among the specific gravities of the core, the envelope layer and the intermediate layer, and the relationship among the surface hardnesses of the core, the envelope layer, the intermediate layer and the cover are optimized.

Abstract: A self-balancing golf putter. The self-balancing golf putter includes a club head. The club head includes a clubface configured to make contact with a golf ball. The self-balancing golf putter also includes a shaft attached to the club head. The shaft includes a center axis, wherein the center axis converges with a balance point configured to make the club face seek square when making contact with the golf ball.

Abstract: An iron-type golf club head comprising a high strength face plate with a face support is disclosed herein. In particular, the face plate is affixed to a perimeter region and to a face support that extends upwards from the sole proximate a front opening. The face plate preferably is welded to the perimeter region and brazed to the face support to optimize the sound and feel of the golf club head while preserving the strength of the face.

Abstract: Golf clubs, club heads, and club weighting systems may include: (a) a club head body member; and (b) one or more weight members removably and/or movably engaged with the club head body member so as to move between a first position and a second position to change an overall exterior shape of the club head. This shape change may result in changes to the overall center of gravity, weighting, and/or moment of inertia characteristics of the club head. Alternatively or additionally, the weight member(s) may be removed from the club head body member, reoriented, and/or replaced with a different weight member, e.g., to change the overall exterior shape, center of gravity, weighting, and/or moment of inertia characteristics of the club head. Methods of making and using these clubs, club heads, and weighting systems also are described.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads are generally described herein. In one example, a golf club head may include a body portion with a toe portion, a heel portion, a rear portion, a front portion with a strike face, a sole portion, and a top portion with a plurality of weight ports. The body portion may define a periphery of the golf club head. The golf club head may also include a plurality of weight portions with each weight portion disposed in one weight port of the plurality of weight ports. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A golf putter grip pattern is disclosed. The golf putter grip has a top end, a bottom end, a substantially flat front portion, a substantially curved rear portion, a first side, and a second side. The first and second sides are in between the front portion and the rear portion. The present invention may further include a pattern disposed on the golf putter grip that aids the golfer in perfecting the golf putter swing.

Abstract: A golf club holder includes an elongate body having a first end and a second end. A ground engaging member is positioned at the first end, whereby the elongate body is supported in a ground surface in a substantially vertical orientation. A socket is provided for detachably securing a first end of at least one golf club spaced from the first end of the elongate body. A clamp is provided for detachably securing a second end of the at least one golf club spaced from the second end of the elongate body.

Abstract: A golf glove having improved fit and gripping features is disclosed herein. The golf glove of the present invention includes gripping features permanently disposed on one or more of the fingers, preferably the front surfaces of the ring and little fingers, and also includes an expandable slit that extends from an opening and that helps the golf glove expand to receive a golfer's hand and then retract so that the glove fits comfortably on the golfer's hand.

Abstract: In exemplary implementations of this invention, a basketball net or flat net measures the translational kinetic energy of a ball that passes through an aperture in the net or impacts the net. The net includes one or more electrically conductive cords, which have a resistance that varies depending on the degree to which the cord is stretched. From sensor measurements, a processor determines: (a) instantaneous rate of change of resistance, and (b) duration of a time period that begins when resistance exceeds a baseline (with hysteresis). In the case of a basketball net, a processor may calculate the translational kinetic energy of the ball as equal to a sum of two terms. The first term is inversely proportional to the square of the duration; the second is proportional to the square of the integral of the instantaneous rate of change of resistance over the time period.

Abstract: Kaveman Golfe Systems is a golf-like game incorporating the use of a newly designed baseball-style club in addition to newly designed golf clubs for advancing a game ball about a golf-style course. The golf and baseball hybrid game may be played using newly designed golf balls which are larger in size than a standard sized golf ball. The game may further include a newly designed baseball tee for vertically supporting the golf and baseball hybrid game ball to be struck by a player using a baseball-style swing. The clubs, balls, and tees may be stored in a specially designed golf bag.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for training players and sportsmen. The technical result is an increase in the effectiveness of training. The method for training players and sportsmen with a piece of sports equipment on a pitch includes carrying out the training on a pitch that is provided with controllable dynamic lighting. The dynamic lighting is used to establish permitted zones in which the sportsman must be found, holding the piece of sports equipment. Further, the position, shape and area of the permitted zones are altered at random for the sportsman. The development of the sportsman's skill and the effectiveness of training are judged according to the sportsman's ability to stay in the permitted zones, holding the piece of sports equipment.

Abstract: A golf swing and putting stroke training device is provided that comprises a forearm connection strap, a pivoting member, and a connection means adapted to secure to a golfing glove closure strap. The device firmly secures to the forearm of the forward arm of a golfer, wherefrom a first member is supported therefrom extending toward the user's wrist. A second member is pivotably attached to the distal end of the first member and connects to the user's golfing glove along the top of the user's upper hand. The pivot joint therebetween allows for rotation of the second member in single plane and thus limits the user's wrist to single degree of freedom. Wrist movement is limited during a full swing to radial and ulnar deviation only, while the device is adapted to remain attached while putting to prevent wrist flexion or extension (e.g. wrist “breaking”) during a putting stroke.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus 10 for a golf club 34 includes: a club camera 20 capable of photographing the golf club; a control part 30 capable of controlling a timing at which the golf club is photographed; and three sensors capable of detecting passage of the golf club 34. The three sensors are defined as a first sensor S1, a second sensor S2, and a third sensor S3 in this order from a point close to a position of a golf ball. When a club speed calculated based on the passage of the golf club detected by the second sensor S2 and the third sensor S3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the control part generates a trigger signal for starting to photograph the golf club. The measuring apparatus 10 can effectively suppress erroneous generation of the trigger signal.