Abstract: A fluid ejection device includes a fluid ejection unit that ejects a fluid, an ejection control unit that controls the ejection of the fluid from the fluid ejection unit, a fluid container that accommodates the fluid to be supplied to the fluid ejection unit, and a pressure adjustment unit that adjusts an inner pressure of the fluid container in such a manner that the inner pressure of the fluid container gets closer to a target pressure than a first threshold value for the inner pressure of the fluid container. When the inner pressure of the fluid container is closer to the target pressure than a second threshold value that is separated further from the target pressure than the first threshold value, the ejection control unit receives a demand for the ejection of the fluid.

Abstract: A data acquisition unit for use in monitoring print head activity and collecting corresponding data for product analysis is disclosed. A method of using the data acquisition unit is also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid-consuming apparatus includes: a tank including a liquid storage chamber configured to store a liquid, an inlet through which the liquid is poured into the liquid storage chamber, and a liquid flow channel configured to let the liquid flow therethrough from the liquid storage chamber; a cap configured to be attachable to the tank to cover the inlet; a cover configured to be movable relative to the tank between a closed position where a surface, of the tank, in which the inlet is formed is covered and an open position where the surface of the tank is exposed; and a holder configured to hold the cap removed from the tank. The cover is prevented from moving to the closed position by the cap held by the holder to be positioned in a movement area of the cover moving from the open position to the closed position.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus comprising a liquid ejection head that ejects a liquid via nozzles; a first passage that communicates with the liquid ejection head, the first passage being configured to supply the liquid to the liquid ejection head; a second passage that communicates with the first passage in the liquid ejection head, the second passage forming, in cooperation with the first passage, a circulation passage; and a liquid driving unit provided in the circulation passage, the liquid driving unit being configured to move the liquid in the circulation passage when driven. The liquid is moved, by the driven liquid driving unit, at a first flow rate that maintains a meniscus of the liquid inside the nozzles after the liquid is moved at a second flow rate that is faster than the first flow rate.

Abstract: In order to perform recording head maintenance by discharge and reflux of ink with higher pressures without creating instability of the meniscus in the nozzle surface, this image forming device may be provided with a recording head having multiple nozzles, a first reservoir unit and a second reservoir unit which store the ink supplied to the recording head, a supply unit which is opened and closed by a solenoid valve and connects the recording head and the first reservoir unit, a pump which supplies the ink in the second reservoir unit to the first reservoir unit, a recovery passage which is opened and closed by solenoid valves and connects the recording head and the second reservoir unit, and a control unit which controls operation of the solenoid valves and the pump.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes: a supporting member which supports a medium; a transport device which transports the medium; first to fourth heads which eject first to fourth radiation curable type inks; a first irradiation section; a second irradiation section; a third irradiation section; and a fourth irradiation section which is arranged on the downstream side of the fourth head, in which the radiation rays respectively irradiated from the first irradiation section to the third irradiation section have a peak wavelength of 350 nm to 450 nm, and coloring materials included in the third ink and the fourth ink have higher absorption properties of the radiation rays with the peak wavelength than coloring materials included in the first ink and the second ink.

Abstract: A functional amine release agent displaying reduced coefficient of friction as compared to standard silicone oils, comprises a polydimethylsiloxane oil and a functional amine selected from the group consisting of pendant propylamines and pendant N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl. The concentration of functional amine to polydimethylsiloxane oil is approximately less than 0.0001 meq/g. According to certain embodiments, the functional amine release agent is operable to impart a coefficient of friction of about 0.5 or more to the print media, resulting in improved finishing and converting equipment interaction. The release agent may have a viscosity of about 50 cSt.

Abstract: A printer apparatus includes a platen roller, a printer head for performing a printing on a recording paper provided between the printer head and the platen roller, a recording paper guide mounted to a part of a front surface of the printer head to guide the recording paper, and a spring positioned on a rear surface of the printer head to exert force toward the platen roller. The spring causes the printer head and the recording paper guide to move together toward a position in which the platen roller is mounted.

Abstract: A light scanning unit includes a light source unit emitting a light beam according to an image signal, a light deflector scanning the light beam that is deflectively emitted by the light source unit, a housing having a side portion where the light source unit is provided and a base surface on which the light deflector is provided, and a deformation prevention member connecting opposite sides of the housing across an upper side of the base surface. The light scanning unit is employed by an image forming apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tape printer including: a cartridge installation portion to install a tape cartridge; an opening/closing cover that rotates about a hinge portion to open/close the cartridge installation portion; a cover urging portion that rotates and urges the opening/closing cover in an opening direction in a state in which the opening/closing cover is rotated to an opening side to get across a prescribed rotation position and that rotates and urges the opening/closing cover in a closing direction in a state in which the opening/closing cover is rotated to a closing side to get across the prescribed rotation position; and a cover opening operation portion that has an opening button and rotates the opening/closing cover to the opening side to get across the prescribed rotation position with a force to press the opening button.

Abstract: A printing device for transferring an image representing contents on electronic paper is provided. The printing device includes an electronic paper controller for generating a control signal for transferring the image and outputting the generated control signal to the electronic paper, a touch sensor on a top surface of which the electronic paper is disposed to detect a user input command, a touch sensor controller for outputting a control signal to the touch sensor for driving the touch sensor and receiving the user input command detected by the touch sensor, and a main controller for controlling the electronic paper controller to change an image displayed on the electronic paper according to the user input command input from the touch sensor controller.

Abstract: A recording apparatus includes a recording unit that performs recording on a recording surface of a recording medium, a discharge section that discharges the recording medium which is transported from the recording unit along a transport path, a first bending member that is in contact with the recording medium which passes through the recording unit in the transport path and is transported toward the discharge section to bend the recording medium, and a second bending member that is in contact with the recording medium on a further downstream side in a direction of the transport than a contact position of the discharge section where a feeding force is applied to the recording medium and maintains a bending shape of the recording medium which is bent by the first bending member as it is, in which the second bending member has mobility.

Abstract: Conventionally, it has not been possible to perform detailed printing control in accordance with a purpose, such as the improvement in density and the improvement in rubfastness, by taking into consideration a slight difference in the kind of paper (slight difference in the receptive layer), such as matte paper and glossy paper. An information processing apparatus for determining a printing medium having a receptive layer has a transmitted light information acquisition unit configured to acquire information on transmitted light by irradiating a printing medium on which a determination image is printed with light, and a surface characteristics determination unit configured to determine the surface characteristics of the printing medium on which the determination image is printed based on the information on transmitted light.

Abstract: Airborne ink mist is prevented from sticking to the detector part of a paper detector disposed on a carriage without using a configuration for capturing the ink mist. A printer has a conveyance path that conveys paper past the print position of a printhead; a carriage that carries the printhead; and a carriage moving mechanism that moves the carriage bidirectionally on the transverse axis of the printer. A paper detector and a shutter that opens and closes the detection part of the paper detector are disposed on the carriage. When the carriage moves to one end of the range of carriage movement, a shutter operating member disposed on a second side frame facing the carriage contacts the shutter and moves the shutter from its open position or closed position to the other position.

Abstract: A printer includes a printer body including a print head, a lid, a cutter that cuts recording paper, and fixed and movable blade units. The lid is connected to and is opened and closed relative to the printer body. The fixed blade unit is provided in the printer body and includes a fixed blade of the cutter. The movable blade unit is provided on the lid and includes a movable blade of the cutter. A first projection is formed at a first end of the fixed blade unit and a first groove is formed at a first end of the movable blade unit. A second groove is formed at a second end of the fixed blade unit and a second projection is formed at a second end of the movable blade unit. The first and second projections are inside the first and second grooves, respectively, when the lid is closed.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing tension fluctuations in a printing system are disclosed. A plurality of tension zones is defined in the printing system. Tension on the web in one tension zone is controlled independently of the tension on the web in the other tension zones. The printing system also includes at least one roller for each tension zone. The rollers receive tension control commands and control the amount of tension on the web in their respective tension zones. The printing system is used to print a first copy of the print job on the web and tension on the web in each tension zone is measured. Tension control adjustments are computed for each tension zone based on the tension measurements. The tension control adjustments are used to adjust the tension control commands to the rollers to print a second copy of the print job.

Abstract: In printing apparatus, an edge sensor detects a serpentine amount caused by transportation of a web. A predicted waveform data generating unit generates predicted waveform data on the serpentine amount to be produced in the following web in accordance with actually measured waveform data on the detected serpentine amount. A correcting unit corrects a printing position of an image in accordance with a shift amount, and applies a corrected printing position to a printing head. Here, the shift amount is determined with the shift amount determining unit in accordance with the predicted waveform data. Accordingly, the shift amount is determinable in accordance with the actually measured waveform data on the serpentine amount detected with the edge sensor more accurately than that through a method in which a shift amount is directly determined. This allows suppressed misregister.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus, a data processing method and an inkjet printing apparatus are offered that are capable of reducing, in any kind of image, the occurrence of color unevenness while achieving a high speed output via a bi-directional printing. In order to achieve this, forward scan print ratio and backward scan print ratio with respect to a predetermined area comprising a plurality of pixels is set based on multi-value image data of the predetermined area. Next, binary print data for the forward scans and binary print data for the backward scans at the predetermined area is generated based on the multi-value image data and the set print ratios. According to such a configuration it is possible to increase the ratio of bi-directional printing with respect to areas at which color unevenness appears with difficulty, and increase the ratio of one-directional printing at areas where color unevenness appears with ease.

Abstract: In a printing apparatus, print position shift caused by a posture change of a print head is appropriately reduced irrespective of causes of the posture change. Specifically, a test pattern is printed, and then, an inclination of a carriage is calculated based on the read result. On this test pattern appears, for example, not only landing position shift caused by the rolling posture change of the carriage but also synthesized position shift caused by a plurality of kinds of posture changes of the carriage. That is to say, on the test pattern to be printed can appear synthesized position shift caused by a plurality of kinds of posture changes occurring on a print head at this time. The posture of the carriage is corrected in such a manner as to suppress the synthesized position shift.

Abstract: A thermal printer has a casing that houses recording paper, a printer cover connected to the casing in a manner turnable with respect to the casing around a first turning shaft for opening/closing the casing, a head unit provided on the casing and including a thermal head, and a platen unit including a platen roller and being provided on the printer cover and connected to the head unit in a manner releasable along with an opening/closing operation of the printer cover. The platen unit is mounted on the printer cover in a manner turnable around a second turning shaft that is parallel to the first turning shaft and slidable along a direction perpendicular to the second turning shaft. A biasing member is provided between the printer cover and the platen unit for biasing the platen unit toward the closing direction of the printer cover around the second turning shaft.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting device includes a first housing movable between a proximity position and a separated position and which accommodates a liquid ejecting head. The first housing includes a cover attached to the first housing and movable with respect to the head between a protection position for the head and a retreat position, and a movement mechanism which causes the cover to move in accordance with the movement of the first housing. The movement mechanism includes a hole formed in a second housing, and an intermediate member including a protrusion movable along the hole in accordance with the movement of the cover. In the separated position, the protrusion abuts on the hole with respect to both directions in which force to move the cover between the retreat position and the protection position is applied so that the movement of the protrusion is restricted by the side walls.

Abstract: When a cover is assembled to a case, an access opening of the case is opened by an opening operation of the cover. A part which is close to a first end of a link is connected to the cover. A part which is close to a second end of the link is connected to a connecting portion of a decorative sheet. A second fastening portion of the decorative sheet is fastened with respect to a first fastening portion of the case (side wall forming member) by a fastening member which is inserted into the case from the access opening. At this time, even when an opening operation of the cover is restricted by the link and the access opening becomes narrower, it is possible to easily perform the fastening operation. For this reason, it is easy to perform an assembling operation of the cover with respect to the case.

Abstract: A cooling device includes a rotatable belt extended by a plurality of extending members that transfers a sheet in contact with the surface of the belt, and a plurality of cooling members to cool the sheet via the belt. A cooling surface of the cooling members contacts an internal surface of the transport belt. The cooling members are detachable. The cooling device also includes an adjuster to adjust a contact condition between the cooling surface and the internal surface according to the number of cooling members installed.

Abstract: A printer apparatus comprises a paper conveyance path; a carrier which moves in a direction orthogonal to conveyance direction of the paper conveyed; a dot matrix print head arranged in the carrier; an ink ribbon cassette; a photo sensor which is arranged at the external side of the movement direction of the carrier in the printing area of paper and at the downstream side in the paper conveyance direction of the dot matrix print head; a concentration detection pattern printing module which prints a predetermined concentration detection pattern; an exchange necessity determination section which determines an exchange necessity of the ink ribbon cassette according to a value obtained by detecting the printing created by the concentration detection pattern printing module through the photo sensor; and a font changing section which changes the font used in the printing according to the determined result of the exchange necessity determination section.

Abstract: A method of establishing a time interval between maintenance actions expressed in pages for a printing device, includes determining the number of pages of an incoming print job, comparing the determined number of pages to a predetermined time interval between the maintenance actions expressed in pages, changing the predetermined time interval into at least one new time interval between the maintenance actions expressed in pages based on the comparison, printing the incoming print job, and carrying out at least one maintenance action after the start of printing of the incoming print job according to the at least one new time interval. A printing device includes a print unit and a print controller for planning maintenance actions on the print unit according to the method.

Abstract: A calibration-pattern printing method in a page-wide array printer having an array of print nozzles extending in a transverse direction of the printer comprises printing a respective calibration pattern portion on a substrate by at least one first portion of the nozzle array, changing the relative position of the nozzle array and substrate in the transverse direction then printing a respective further calibration pattern portion on the substrate by the at least one first portion of the nozzle array so that a given first nozzle-array portion prints a calibration pattern portion and further calibration pattern portion that are at least partially aligned with each other in the longitudinal direction and join up in the transverse direction to form an enlarged calibration pattern portion.

Abstract: A method of forming a very small, i.e. microliter, finely detailed explosive train for the ignition of energetic munitions—which train is formed by ink jetting picoliter volume droplets of an explosive ink onto the substrate; which explosive ink is a pure liquid that will not clog the ink jet printer. The explosive ink being a solution composed of a secondary organic explosive solute, a polymeric binder solute, and a polar aprotic organic solvent. Where the ink jet printer is a commercial piezoelectric type, drop-on-demand, ink jet printer capable of precisely delivering the subject picoliter volume droplets. And, which printer is capable of heating said substrate to an elevated temperature to more rapidly evaporate the solvent, leaving the desired, finely detailed, efficacious, crystalline explosive train.

Abstract: A reinforced two-side-printable laminate material constructed of a top layer of coated-one-side paper or related material, a middle layer of foamed polypropylene film or related material, and a bottom layer of paper material, said bottom layer being coated with a direct thermal emulsion with the thermal emulsion facing outward.

Abstract: The transfer of the invention is prepared by printing a layer onto a carrier substrate with an ink that comprises a mixture of finely subdivided polyethylene powder, an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, a dispersing agent, and an additive material such as a dye or pigment indicia material and/or a physical property enhancing material such as alumina, glass beads, silica, metal flakes, etc. Preferably high and very high molecular weight polyethylene is used, alone or in mixture with lower density polyethylene in amounts from 25 to 45 weight percent in the ink. The printed layer is thermally treated to remove the hydrocarbon solvent resulting in a transfer having a carrier substrate coated with a printed layer consisting essentially of polyethylene and the additive material.

Abstract: A paper sizing or coating composition is provided, which includes: a first binder resin, which is compatible with dry toner binder resin; a second binder resin, which is compatible with liquid toner binder resin, and which is different from the first binder resin; a first pigment, which has a BET surface area of from greater than zero to about 35 m2/g; and a second pigment, which has a BET surface area of about 35 m2/g or greater, and which is different from the first pigment. Recording sheets which include the composition, methods of making the composition and recording sheets, and methods for making an image are provided.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a printing form and a process for preparing the printing form from a solvent-free curable composition that includes, in prescribed relative amounts, an epoxy novolac resin; a bisphenol-A epoxy resin or a bisphenol-F epoxy resin; a monofunctional reactive diluent; a multifunctional reactive diluent; and a stoichiometric amount of an amine curing agent. The ratio of the epoxy novolac resin to the bisphenol epoxy resin is 1:3 to 3:1 by weight. The process includes applying the curable composition to a supporting substrate to form a layer, curing the layer at one or more temperatures in a temperature range, and engraving to form at least one cell in the cured layer. The process prepares printing forms, particularly gravure printing forms, having a cured resin composition layer that is engravable, resistant to solvent inks and to mechanical wear, and capable of printing gravure-quality images.

Abstract: An anti-counterfeiting technique presents, to a test thermoreflective mark at a first temperature, a first electromagnetic wave. A first test reflective profile for the test thermoreflective mark associated with the first temperature is recorded. A second electromagnetic wave is presented to the test thermoreflective mark at a second temperature. A second test reflective profile for the test thermoreflective mark associated with the second temperature is recorded. The first test reflective profile is compared with a first control reflective profile that is associated with a genuine thermoreflective mark. The second test reflective profile is compared with a second control reflective profile that is associated with the genuine thermoreflective mark.

Abstract: Pocket folders for holding documents and method of manufacture are shown in various embodiments. In one embodiment, a single unitary blank is cut and folded into a double slot folder without the need to glue pieces together. The blank is cut to have adjacent panels and an extension panel cut so that they are folded one panel atop the other to form a unitary pocket folder with two pockets. In a second embodiment, a two pocket folder is formed likewise with three adjacent panels as in the first embodiment, but the extension panel is then wrapped with a back panel to create a second pocket which can be folded outwardly.

Abstract: Index tab holders are movably mounted on top portions of file folders or data separation sheets to locate the tab holders in selected lateral locations without removing the tab holders from the file folders. Linear rails associated with the top portions of the file folders cooperate with ribs on the tab holders to mount and laterally guide the tab holders on the file folders.

Abstract: A multicolor writing and designing device has an elongated pastel color capsule with a plurality of longitudinal segment groups disposed substantially in parallel with a main capsule axis, at least one segment of a group being located within the capsule such that it forms a capsule tip. At least two of the segment groups are of different tints from the same color sampling zone in a color space colorimetric triangle. having a plurality of such sampling zones. The color sampling zones may correspond to areas in the CIE 1964 10° Standard Observer color space.

Abstract: A writing instrument including a hollow body extending between a rear end and a front end of the hollow body; a writing member mounted inside the hollow body and provided with a tip at a free end; a protective sleeve movable between a tip protection position and a retracted position for writing; at least one first stop formed on the hollow body; and at least one locking member able to engage said first stop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to removable door covering having a back side coated with an adhesive material and a front side adapted for at least one of writing, drawing, coloring, and painting on. The adhesive material may be a self-stick removable adhesive which leaves no residue when the door covering is applied to a door and subsequently removed. A hole or cutout may be provided through the front and back sides of the door covering enabling the door covering to be applied over or around a doorknob when the door covering is placed on the door.

Abstract: An adhesive tape application placement device for applying an elongated adhesive material to an adherend is disclosed. In preferred embodiments, the device comprises: an elongated connection rod having a first end and a second end configured to pass through a plurality of connection rod receiving apertures; a spool having a connection rod receiving aperture positioned on the elongated connection rod; a first spool retainer having a connection rod receiving aperture positioned on the elongated connection rod proximate to the spool; and an adjustable offset bumper having a connection rod receiving aperture and an offset bumper guide arm positioned on the elongated connection rod proximate to the first spool retainer. Adhesive tape may be pressed onto an adherend by the spool while the movement of the spool over the adherend may be guided by an offset bumper guide arm contacting and moving over the object with a surface comprising an adherend.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to be able to adjust gloss or impart gloss variation not only for a decoration layer of dark color such as black ink, but also for a decoration layer of light color other than black and the gloss of the ink printed portion is adjusted or the gloss variation where a high gloss pattern part and a low gloss pattern part are adjacent to each other is imparted according to the ratio of blend of ultraviolet ray absorbent and/or ultraviolet ray shielding agent contained in an ink of a print pattern of a transfer film.

Abstract: A molded resin product includes a substrate made of a transparent resin, opaque coating film disposed on rear surface of the substrate except for an area set aside for a patterned portion, a transparent resin material disposed in the area set aside for the patterned portion on the rear surface of the substrate, and an opaque reflection coating or a half-reflective coating laminated to the transparent resin material. Under this configuration, the patterned portion looks as if it pops up from the rear surface of the substrate. If a half-reflective coating is used, the pattern is visible through the half-reflective coating when the pattern is viewed from the rear surface of the lid of a molded resin product.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for the ultrasonic processing of a workpiece using an ultrasonic resonator and optionally a counter-die, the workpiece lying against the ultrasonic resonator and the ultrasonic resonator having a converter, a booster and a sonotrode. According to the disclosure, an additional booster is provided between the converter and the sonotrode and both boosters carry a holder for the ultrasonic resonator.

Abstract: A fitting structure of wheel covers is provided with a plurality of holes disposed circularly around a wheel cover. An inner edge of each hole is projected to form a positioning seat. A fixing seat is connected to a bottom edge of the positioning seat by a connecting segment. In a first position, a fixing seat is located adjacent each hole. The positioning seat includes two mounting rods at two sides respectively, a hook arranged at a center, and mounting space formed between the mounting rod and the hook. The fixing seat includes mounting blocks corresponding to the mounting space and mounted with the mounting rods, and in a second position, the stopping bars lean against the corresponding mounting rods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bicycle wheel rim (10), comprising a radially outer portion (12) configured to be coupled with a bicycle tire and a radially inner portion (14) comprising a plurality of attachment holes (16) for respective spokes. The radially inner portion (14) of the rim (10) comprises opposite side walls (14a, 14b) and a bottom wall (14c) in which said plurality of holes (16) is formed. Such a bottom wall (14c) is configured to house, at at least some of said holes (16), respective perforated inserts (18) for holding the head of said spokes. The radially inner portion (14) of the rim (10) also comprises a first discontinuity of curvature (14d, 14e) that separates at least one of said side walls (14a, 14b) from said bottom wall (14c).

Abstract: An axle shaft has radially outwardly extending drive fingers which drivingly engage drive slots in a wheel hub cover. The hub cover is rigidly secured to a wheel hub and maintains the axial position of the axle shaft. A shock absorber may be positioned between the drive fingers and the drive slots. The axle shaft may be formed from a hollow tube or a solid shaft by cutting an end portion of the shaft and deforming a cut section radially outwardly to form a drive finger.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has an asymmetrical tread pattern. An outboard central main circumferential groove extends zigzag and is made up of alternate minor and major groove segments. The major groove segments incline at an angle of from 5 to 30 degrees with respect to the tire circumferential direction. An inboard central main circumferential groove is widest in main circumferential grooves. Outboard middle axial grooves are widest in axial grooves. The distance Li of the widthwise center line of the straight inboard central main circumferential groove from the tire equator is less than the distance Lo of the amplitude center line of the zigzag outboard central main circumferential groove from the tire equator.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire tread capable of mitigating air column resonance and maintaining drainage performance while ensuring that the flexible fences are abraded to a similar extent to the tread portion is formed from a rubber composition and has a tread portion, in which is formed at least one primary groove of depth D and width W having a base surface and two opposing walls, and multiple flexible fences of thickness E, which extend inside the primary groove such that at least 70% of the cross-sectional area of the primary groove is blocked and which are disposed at intervals such that at least one of the multiple flexible fences is in the primary groove in the tread contact patch when the tire is rolling, wherein the multiple flexible fences are formed from at least a rubber composition for fences that is different from the rubber composition for the tread portion; and the rubber composition for fences has an abrasion index that is more than or equal to twice the abrasion index of the rubber composition of the tre

Abstract: A pneumatic tire tread capable of mitigating air column resonance and maintaining drainage performance while ensuring that the flexible fences are abraded to a similar extent to the tread portion is formed from a rubber composition, and has a tread portion in which a primary groove is formed and multiple flexible fences is formed in the primary groove; the flexible fences are formed from at least a rubber composition for fences that is different from the rubber composition for the tread portion; the rubber composition for fences of the flexible fences has an abrasion index that is more than or equal to twice the abrasion index of the rubber composition of the tread portion; and the rubber composition for fences comprises a filler composition that is based on (a) a diene elastomer, (b) a reinforcing filler selected from the group consisting of carbon black, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, and mixtures of said fillers, which has a BET specific surface area of less than 100 m2/g and is in an amount of betwee

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprising: first carcass ply that is comprised of; a tire-inner-face part extending along inner face of the tire to span between the tire bead portions; and turned-up parts extended as turned up from outer faces of the tire bead portions up to inside beyond fringes of a belt layer; and second carcass ply that is substantially omitted at between the tire bead portions and extends as being turned up from outer faces of the tire bead portions up to inside beyond fringes of a belt layer; and cords forming the tire-inner-face part, the turned-up part and the second carcass ply having inclination to radial direction of the tire; and direction of the inclination of the cords being alternated in respect of leftward or rightward, between two adjacent ones of the tire-inner-face part, the turned-up part and the second carcass ply.

Abstract: Smart Active Tire Pressure Optimizing System is a highly time sensitive design and technique that acts instantaneously to sense and control the tire pressure particularly during imminent/inevitable critical driving situations to reduce emergency and high speed breaking distance, mitigates loss of traction, hydroplaning, roll over, loss of stability, over and under steering, brake-failure, loss of control due to puncture through real-time sensing, perform context aware computing and directing Tire Pressure Control Units to actively control the tire pressure in right time with right pressure on right tires thereby instantly controlling footprint and sidewall deformation rate to enhance, traction and stability simultaneously sustaining drivability/steer-ability and restore/optimize to pre-set tire pressure value immediately after overcoming critical situation for further safe and comfortable driving.

Abstract: A system is provided. The system includes a wheel assembly which defines a chamber that houses a pressurized fluid. A wheel valve assembly is attached to the wheel assembly and is in fluid communication with the chamber. The wheel valve assembly is operable between an open position and a closed position. The wheel valve assembly includes an area having a first flow capacity. A valve assembly is selectively in fluid communication with the wheel valve assembly. The valve assembly includes an area formed in a perforation that has a second flow capacity. The second flow capacity is less than the first flow capacity.