Abstract: Turbine frequency tuning, fluid dynamic efficiency, and performance can be improved using a particular airfoil profile, which can be used to determine a throat between adjacent airfoils. By shaping the throat according to the particular profile, the total pressure at an endwall can be energized, improving performance of the turbine.

Abstract: Methods for balancing rotating machinery, such as gas turbine engines, to minimize vibrations. An optimal engine balance solution is obtained using a hybrid optimization technique based on vibration data from one or more vibration sensors and corresponding influence coefficients which quantify the change in vibration level at the vibration sensors due to a unit increase in unbalance level at unbalance source locations. More specifically, balance weight and angular position are determined based on multiple optimization methods which concurrently process the vibration data, the multiple optimization methods comprising local and global optimization algorithms.

Abstract: A sealing band located in opposing seal band receiving slots of adjacent turbine disks to seal an annular gap therebetween. An anti-rotation body including a base portion is located between edges of the sealing band within the annular gap, and a pin portion extends axially from the base portion for engagement with a cut-out portion of at least one of the disks. A pair of spaced projections extend from the base portion and into through openings in the sealing band at a location within the annular gap. The projections define an attachment structure attaching the anti-rotation body to the sealing band.

Abstract: An airfoil for a turbine engine includes pressure and suction sides that extend in a radial direction from a 0% span position at an inner flow path location to a 100% span position at an airfoil tip. The airfoil has a relationship between a total chord length and a span position and corresponds to a curve that has an increasing total chord length from the 0% span position to a first peak. The first peak occurs in the range of 45-65% span position, and the curve either remains generally constant or has a decreasing total chord length from the first peak to the 100% span position. The total chord length is at the 0% span position in the range of 8.2-10.5 inches (20.8-26.7 cm).

Abstract: A turbine vane includes a generally elongated hollow airfoil and a cooling system. The cooling system is positioned within the airfoil and includes a cooling chamber and an impingement insert positioned in the cooling chamber. The impingement insert and an inner surface of an outer wall of the airfoil define a cooling channel therebetween. The impingement insert includes a plurality of impingement nozzles extending toward the inner surface of the outer wall and a plurality of impingement orifices. At least one of the impingement orifices is arranged in a non-aligned pattern with respect to at least one adjacent impingement orifice such that cooling fluid passing out of the at least one impingement orifice does not directly flow into a centerline of a cooling fluid flowpath of cooling fluid passing out of the at least one adjacent impingement orifice.

Abstract: A damper for a turbine rotor assembly of a gas turbine engine may include a forward plate with a forward face and an aft face, and an aft plate with a forward face and an aft face. The aft face of the forward plate may be connected to the forward face of the aft plate with a longitudinal structure. An area of the aft plate in a plane transverse to the longitudinal structure may be greater than an area of the forward plate in the plane transverse to the longitudinal structure. The damper may also include a pocket on the forward face of the forward plate.

Abstract: A bucket assembly includes a plurality of first buckets, and a pair of transition buckets. Each first bucket includes a bucket cover including a pair of lateral edges each having a first configuration. Each transition bucket includes a transition cover including a first lateral edge having the first configuration and a second lateral edge having a second configuration.

Abstract: A system and method for repairing a turbine. The method includes applying a coating on an outer surface of a tenon that extends from a stator vane. The tenon may be inserted at least partially into an opening defined by an inner shroud segment of the turbine. A bushing may be inserted at least partially into the opening in the inner shroud segment of the turbine such that the tenon becomes at least partially disposed within an opening defined by the bushing. A bolt may be inserted through the opening in the bushing and at least partially into an opening defined by the tenon. The bolt may be threadably engaged with the tenon.

Abstract: A compressed air supply system for routing compressed air from a compressor to at least one combustor of a gas turbine engine is disclosed. The compressed air supply system may be formed from one or more plenums having an upstream end in fluid communication with an inner chamber of the compressor in which air is compressed and having a downstream end in fluid communication with the at least one combustor. Channeling compressed air through the plenum reduces damage to other components by confining the compressed air within the plenum. An upstream end of the plenum may be sealed to at least a portion of the compressor, and a downstream end of the plenum may be sealed to at least a portion of one or more combustors.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly is provided. The nozzle assembly includes at least one stationary nozzle. An outer ring having a predefined shape includes at least one groove defined therein and the groove is configured to receive at least a portion of the stationary nozzle therein. A coupling portion is formed integrally with the stationary nozzle or the outer ring such that the coupling portion extends outwardly therefrom. An attachment member is coupled to the coupling portion to facilitate substantially restricting movement of the stationary nozzle when the outer ring is substantially distorted.

Abstract: An assembly for a gas turbine engine includes a component and a finger seal. The component has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface has an elevation that differs from an elevation of the second surface. The finger seal is connected to the first surface and extends above the second surface. The disposition of the second surface relative to the finger seal creates a cavity below a curved portion of the finger seal.

Abstract: Electrodynamic control of fluid leakage loss is provided. Embodiments utilize electrohydrodynamic (EHD) principles to control and/or reduce leakage flow in turbomachinery. Electrodes can be used to provide a flow actuation mechanism inside the clearance gap for generating discharge. The electrodes can be positioned to have geometric asymmetry. Embodiments provide the electrodes on a turbine blade. The blade can have a DC power that can function as a square pulsed DC wave with the duty cycle equal to the blade passing frequency and the stator can be grounded. In an embodiment, the stator can have the actuator of the electrode-insulator assembly attached to the inside. In one embodiment, the actuators can be arranged just on the stator or casing. The phase and power supply to individual electrodes can be adapted as needed. In one embodiment, the phase can be lagged for accurate control of leakage flow.

Abstract: The dynamo of the present invention is provided in the flow field of a fluid, and has: a columnar oscillating body, one end of the oscillating body being supported in the flow field of the fluid by a shaft that is parallel to the flow direction of the fluid, and the oscillating body being moved reciprocally by self-excited oscillation about the shaft; and an electricity generation unit for generating electrical energy in response to the reciprocal oscillation of the oscillating body.

Abstract: A brush ring seal device for installation within a packing case of a turbine includes: a brush seal carrier having a substantially ring-shaped body portion having a front face, a rear face, an inner circumferential groove, and an outer circumferential groove; a brush seal mounted within the inner circumferential groove of the brush seal carrier; and a ring-shaped spring mounted within the outer circumferential groove of the brush seal carrier. The rear face of the brush seal carrier is coated with an anti-friction coating, thereby allowing movement of the brush ring seal device within the packing case.

Abstract: An aircraft engine for use in a low-bypass turbofan application has a high pressure turbine having a blade and an engine casing disposed about the blade. A shield is disposed around the casing adjacent to the blade to create an area between the shield and the casing. A gate selectively controls entry of cooling air into the area and may be closed if the engine is maneuvering and may be open if cruising.

Abstract: The tank for a turbine engine comprises a partition separating a first compartment from a second compartment of the tank , the partition having a first end and a second end, the second end being closer to the bottom of the tank than the first end, the partition being inclined from the first end to the second end in the first direction and in the direction of the first outlet to the second outlet , the partition comprising at least one first Through-hole near the first end and at least one second through-hole closer to the second end than the first hole.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a steam valve apparatus including a main throttle valve, a steam control valve arranged on a downstream side of the main throttle valve, and an intermediate flow-channel part which connects the main throttle valve and the steam control valve. The intermediate flow-channel part is a circular pipe flow channel forming a circular arcuate shape so as to change a flow of steam, which has flowed out of the main throttle valve, from a perpendicular direction into a direction of flowing out into the inlet part. An outlet part is open upward, and a valve rod penetrates a lower part of a casing downward.

Abstract: A clamp suitable for use in an anti-icing system of a gas turbine engine is provided is disclosed. The clamp has a clasping portion for clasping a heating element. Two resilient arms extend from the clasping portion to a substantially rigid outer collar. Translational movement of the clasping portion, which may be created by radial expansion of an annular heating element being clasped thereby, can be accommodated by the clamp by elastic deformation of the resilient arms. This allows radial expansion of the heating element to be accommodated without relative rotation between the clasping portion and the heating element.

Abstract: A gas compressor includes a compressor unit having a compressor body for compressing gas and an electricity-generation device generating electricity by obtaining a driving force by vaporizing a working fluid utilizing exhaust heat generated by a compressing action in the compressor body and expanding the working fluid so as to utilize the power generated by the electricity-generation device as a power source, and includes a switch device switching between power from the electricity generation device and power from a commercial power supply to supply power to the power consumption equipment, and a control device detecting an electricity-generation amount or a value correlative to the electricity generation amount and switching between the powers by the switch device, thereby generating the power using exhaust heat as a heat source to surely drive an auxiliary machine by a simple configuration regardless of a shortage of the electricity generation amount.

Abstract: A system and method for converting otherwise wasted energy produced in the form of heated gases as a byproduct of an industrial process into electrical energy. At least some waste gases are diverted from a typical exhaust structure through a heat exchanger and back into the exhaust structure. The amount of gases flowing through the heat exchanger is monitored and regulated by a controller. A heat source liquid is simultaneously circulated under pressure through the heat exchanger and through an organic Rankine cycle system. The amount of heat source liquid being circulated is also monitored and regulated by the controller. The ORC system converts the heat from the heat source liquid into electricity.

Abstract: A bearing block comprises a camshaft in an internal combustion engine and a valve drive. The valve drive may include at least one rocker arm mounted on a rocker arm shaft, wherein the bearing block is formed concurrently with the mounting of the at least one rocker arm.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a variable valve timing mechanism includes an electronic controller which includes a microcomputer converges a valve timing of a variable valve timing mechanism to a target changing amount based on a deviation between the target changing amount and an output of a sensor for detecting a changing amount of the valve timing.

Abstract: A cam element portion comprises a slant portion (reverse-rotation return slope portion), which is positioned on a rotary-delay side from a maximum-lift portion (lift ending point) of an end-face cam and slants inward toward the rotary-delay side from an outer peripheral face of the end-face cam. Accordingly, in a valve gear of an engine in which cams operative to control opening/closing of a valve are switchable, it can be properly prevented that the cam element portion is switched unexpectedly and improperly or an operational member breaks down which are possibly caused by an engine's reverse rotation.

Abstract: Described herein is a gasket for a valve of an internal-combustion engine; the valve comprises at guide element defining a through seat, find a stein slidably mobile in said seat; the gasket comprises an annular sealing element, which is elastically deformable and is designed to be set externally on the valve to co-operate both with the guide element and with the stem, and an annular supporting member, which is set coaxially on at least part of the sealing element in such a way that the latter is radially pressed between the supporting member and the valve; the supporting member comprises a first portion for interaction with the sealing element and a second portion for positioning in use the gasket on the engine; the first and second portions of the supporting member form part of a first component and a second component respectively, that are distinct from one another and are mounted coaxially by snap-action coupling means.

Abstract: Provided is a variable-capacity oil pump capable of stably securing a required pump discharge volume and discharge pressure even with a clogged oil filter and/or an electromagnetic valve failed. The oil pump is provided with a first control chamber for applying a force under oil pressure from a main oil gallery in a direction for decreasing of the eccentricity of a cam ring, a second control chamber for applying a force under oil pressure from the oil gallery in cooperation with a spring force in a direction for increasing of the cam-ring eccentricity, a first branch flow path that connects the oil gallery and the first control chamber, and a second branch flow path branched from the first branch flow path and communicating with the second control chamber via the electromagnetic valve. Two oil filters are disposed in the oil gallery and the first branch flow path, respectively.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an engine assembly and an oil containment system attachable to the assembly. The oil containment system includes a cover component including an oil fill apparatus configured for conducting an oil to the internal combustion engine. The apparatus has a first end sealable with a cap, a second end spaced apart from the first end along a central longitudinal axis, and an annular wall concentric with and extending along the central longitudinal axis. The annular wall defines a first passage therethrough and a channel extending through the cover component along the central longitudinal axis. The oil containment system also includes a baffle component abutting the second end and defining a second passage therethrough such that the second passage is spaced apart from the channel.

Abstract: Oil mist separator (1) for a crankcase ventilation for separating particles (2) from a fluid (3) guided from a first fluid line (14) to a deflector body device (20), with a device (10) for actively accelerating the fluid (3) in the first fluid line (14).

Abstract: An exhaust gas after-treatment device for a diesel engine is provided. The exhaust gas after-treatment device comprises an oxidation treatment unit having a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), an adsorption treatment unit having a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a discharge unit for discharging exhaust gas that is filtration-treated through the oxidation treatment unit and the adsorption treatment unit, wherein the DOC of the oxidation treatment unit is provided with a baffle on the front thereof for even diffusion-introduction of exhaust gas.

Abstract: An active regeneration control device for a diesel particulate filter (DPF) according to the present disclosure includes: an active regeneration determining unit judging an active regeneration time of the (DPF); an active regeneration signal generating unit generating an active regeneration signal according to the decision of the active regeneration determining unit; and an active regeneration inducing unit. The active regeneration inducing unit induces the active regeneration when the active regeneration is not performed after the active regeneration signal is generated.

Abstract: A positive ignition engine comprising an exhaust system, which comprises a catalysed filter for filtering particulate matter from exhaust gas emitted from a positive ignition internal combustion engine, which filter comprising a porous substrate having a total substrate length and having inlet surfaces and outlet surfaces, wherein the inlet surfaces are separated from the outlet surfaces by a first porous structure containing pores of a first mean pore size, wherein the porous substrate is coated with a washcoat composition which is a NOx absorber catalyst washcoat composition comprising at least one precious metal; or a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst washcoat composition, wherein a second porous structure of the washcoated porous substrate contains pores of a second mean pore size, wherein the second mean pore size is less than the first mean pore size, which NOx absorber catalyst washcoat or SCR catalyst washcoat being axially arranged on the porous substrate as a first zone comprising the inl

Abstract: An engine unit includes an engine, an exhaust gas treatment device and a connecting pipe. The engine has an exhaust gas port. The exhaust gas treatment device is arranged above the engine. The connecting pipe connects the exhaust gas port and the exhaust gas treatment device. The connecting pipe has an expandable-contractible bellows portion. The bellows portion has a linear form following the upward-downward direction. The lower end portion of the bellows portion is positioned lower than at least a part of the exhaust gas port.

Abstract: A diesel engine exhaust treatment device includes an exhaust flow divider in an exhaust path. The flow divider causes exhaust to flow EGR gas with PM unevenly distributed and remaining discharged gas in a divided manner. EGR gas is recirculated to a combustion chamber, and the discharged gas is atmospherically discharged. First and second corona discharge passages are provided at the exhaust flow divider. Corona discharge in the first discharge passage causes the PM, water vapor, and oxygen in the exhaust to generate electron attachment. Electrostatic force causes the exhaust to flow the EGR gas with the electron-attached PM, water vapor, and oxygen unevenly distributed and the remaining discharged gas in a divided manner. The discharged gas is guided to the second discharge passage. Corona discharge in the second discharge passage causes gas molecules in the discharged gas to dissociate, and NOx in the discharged gas is reduced to nitrogen.

Abstract: A correction device for an air/fuel ratio sensor in the present invention, the sensor issuing an output according to an air/fuel ratio and installed on the downstream from catalyst of the exhaust passage, has air/fuel ratio control means for controlling an air/fuel ratio of an exhaust gas on the upstream side from a catalyst to switch between a rich air/fuel ratio which is richer and a lean air/fuel ratio which is leaner than a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio. Moreover, correction means for correcting an output of the sensor in accordance with a difference between the output of the sensor during a predetermined period during air/fuel ratio control by the air/fuel ratio control means, and a reference output corresponding to a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio, is provided.

Abstract: Abnormality of an electrically heated catalyst is detected in a more accurate manner. In an abnormality detection apparatus for an electrically heated catalyst which is provided with a heat generation element that is arranged in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, and is electrically energized to generate heat, and an insulation part that provides electrical insulation so that electricity does not flow through the exhaust passage when the heat generation element is electrically energized, provision is made for a determination unit which makes a determination that abnormality has occurred in the electrically heating catalyst, in cases where the heat generation element is electrically energized from before starting of the internal combustion engine, and in cases where a value of an insulation resistance of the insulation part after a predetermined period of time has elapsed from the starting of the internal combustion engine is equal to or less than a threshold value.

Abstract: An SCR-catalytically active diesel particle filter having a ceramic wall flow filter substrate with inflow channels, outflow channels, walls separating the inflow and outflow channels, and two coatings. The first coating is applied in inflow channels, is composed of high-melting point materials, and closes the inflow sides of pores in walls connecting the inflow channels and outflow channels to soot particles without preventing passage of gaseous exhaust gas constituents. The second coating is within the walls between inflow channels and outflow channels, and effectively catalyzes the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides when in the presence of a reducing agent. The particle filter displays excellent banking-up pressure properties combined with high filtration efficiency and good regeneration properties; and displays good aging stability of NOx conversion activity.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for reducing emissions from an engine includes an exhaust conduit adapted to supply an exhaust stream from the engine to an exhaust treatment device. The conduit includes an aperture. An injector injects a reagent through the aperture and into the exhaust stream. A flow modifier is positioned within the exhaust conduit upstream of the injector. The flow modifier includes a diverter for increasing the velocity of the exhaust gas at a predetermined location within the conduit relative to the injected reagent.

Abstract: A multi-functional apparatus and method for diagnosing issues in an engine system with a SCR exhaust gas processing system and controlling reductant delivery to the SCR system. The apparatus includes a Venturi exhaust passage device with a reductant injector positioned on a transition from a low pressure passage to a downstream high pressure passage. Temperature and pressures in the Venturi exhaust passage device are measured, and an exhaust flow rate value is calculated. The exhaust flow rate value can be used in controlling reductant delivery, and with a downstream lambda sensing value, the exhaust flow rate value, and a temperature sensing value, a variety of issues in the engine system and the SCR system can be detected. No engine operating parameter is required in the SCR controls and diagnostic algorithms, and less reductant deposit is introduced due to the elimination of stagnant area in the exhaust passage device.

Abstract: The honeycomb catalyst body includes a honeycomb structure having porous partition walls, outflow side plugged portions, inflow side plugged portions, and catalyst layers formed on the surfaces of the partition walls on the side of the outflow cells, the cells are formed so that an open area of each outflow cell is larger than an open area of each inflow cell, a porosity of the partition walls of the honeycomb structure is from 25 to 55%, and in a cross section parallel to the extending direction of the cells, a total area of the catalyst layers formed on the surfaces of the pores in the partition walls is 5% or less of a total area of the pores in the partition walls.

Abstract: A system includes an exhaust aftertreatment system configured to treat emissions from a combustion engine. The exhaust aftertreatment system includes a first catalyst assembly having an outlet. The exhaust aftertreatment system also includes an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) assembly configured to receive a fluid from the first catalyst assembly and to convert ammonia (NH3) within the fluid into nitrogen (N2), wherein the ASC assembly has an inlet. The exhaust aftertreatment system further includes a silencer disposed between the outlet of the first catalyst assembly and the inlet of the ASC assembly, wherein the silencer is configured to receive the fluid and an oxidant for mixing with the fluid provide sufficient oxygen in the fluid flowing into the inlet of the ASC assembly to enable the catalytic activity in the ASC assembly that coverts NH3 into N2, and the silencer is configured to mix the fluid and the oxidant.

Abstract: Described herein is an air dithering system for an internal combustion engine generating exhaust gas that includes an exhaust line in exhaust gas receiving communication with the internal combustion engine. The system also includes an exhaust aftertreatment component positioned within the exhaust line in exhaust gas receiving communication with exhaust gas in the exhaust line. Further, the system includes an air injector in air injecting communication with exhaust gas in the exhaust line at a location downstream of the internal combustion engine and upstream of the exhaust aftertreatment component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structure for preventing the heat of a muffler from being diffused, which prevents the heat generated by the muffler from being diffused into the peripheral components in the engine room and discharges the heat through the engine hood to the outside. The structure for preventing the heat of the muffler for a construction machine includes a plurality of frames mounted on the bottom of the engine room outside the muffler, a shield supported by the frames so as to surround the outside of the muffler to form a shielding area, and a detachment means formed on one side of the shield.

Abstract: A cross recess is provided at a fastening seat portion of a cylinder head in which exhaust port outlets are arranged in two rows and two in each row. A cross protrusion that is fittable to the cross recess is provided at a flange of an exhaust manifold. A gasket has a cross opening through which the cross protrusion is insertable. The exhaust manifold is fastened to the cylinder head by passing the cross protrusion of the flange of the exhaust manifold through the cross opening of the gasket and then fitting the cross protrusion to the cross recess of the fastening seat portion of the cylinder head.

Abstract: A mounting system for an exhaust system component may include one or more end mounting brackets and one or more intermediary mounting brackets. Each of the one or more end mounting brackets and the one or more intermediary mounting brackets may each include a vertical member, a horizontal member, one or more attachment openings, and an attachment strap configured to secure a component of an exhaust system to the respective end mounting bracket or intermediary mounting bracket. The one or more end mounting brackets and the one or more intermediary mounting brackets may be configured to be selectively attached and detached from a mounting surface via one or more surface attachment members and the one or more attachment openings.

Abstract: An engine system that includes a timing drive cavity defined by at least one of an engine block, front cover, and timing drive cover, a timing drive positioned within the timing drive cavity, and a fluid pump assembly. The fluid pump assembly includes an impeller housing, a fluid inlet port coupled to the impeller housing, and a fluid outlet port coupled to the impeller housing. At least one of the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports is positioned at least partially within the timing drive cavity.

Abstract: A temperature control arrangement for transmission oil in a motor vehicle comprises a coolant circuit which fluidly connects an internal combustion engine and a cooler. The coolant circuit includes a thermostat configured to direct at least a fraction of a coolant leaving the internal combustion engine back to the internal combustion engine, either directly or through the cooler. The temperature control arrangement is configured to direct some of the coolant, flowing back through the cooler or directly, first through the heat exchanger and then to the internal combustion engine. The thermostat is fluidly connected to an interior heater, to the cooler, and to a bypass configured to direct a fraction of the coolant directly back to the internal combustion engine, bypassing the cooler. A suitable method for controlling the temperature of transmission oil in a motor vehicle using a temperature control arrangement of this kind is furthermore indicated.

Abstract: A power plant is provided and may include an exhaust gas recirculation passage and a turbo machine having a first turbine rotationally coupled to a pump. The first turbine may include an expanded air passage. The pump may be arranged in the exhaust gas recirculation passage. A pre-cooler may be arranged in the expanded air passage and in the exhaust gas recirculation passage upstream from the pump.

Abstract: An exhaust gas exhausted from a combustion chamber of a two-stroke engine is fed to a turbine of a supercharger. Part of the exhaust gas that has passed through the turbine is extracted as an EGR gas by an exhaust gas recirculation part. The EGR gas is cooled by the heat of vaporization of liquid ammonia ejected from an ammonia ejection part, circulated into a suction gas in a suction path, pressurized by a compressor, and supplied as a scavenging gas into the combustion chamber. This recirculation of the exhaust gas can reduce the amount of nitrogen oxide exhausted from the two-stroke engine into the ambient air. Ejecting the liquid ammonia toward the EGR gas in a recirculation path facilitates cooling of the EGR gas, which is required for circulating the EGR gas into the suction gas.

Abstract: A turbocharger is disclosed for use with an engine system. The turbocharger may have a housing at least partially defining a compressor shroud and a turbine shroud. The turbine shroud may form a first volute and a second volute, each having an inlet configured to receive exhaust from an exhaust manifold of the engine in a tangential direction, and an axial channel disposed downstream of the inlet. The turbocharger may also have a turbine wheel disposed within the turbine shroud and configured to receive exhaust from the axial channels of the first and second volutes, a compressor wheel disposed within the compressor shroud, and a shaft connecting the turbine wheel to the compressor wheel. The turbocharger may further have a nozzle ring in fluid communication with the axial channels of the first and second volutes at a location upstream of the turbine wheel.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for shared handling of fuel vapor purge and crankcase ventilation in an engine system. Fuel vapors from each of a canister and a crankcase are drawn into an intake manifold in a common direction during both boosted and non-boosted engine operating conditions using vacuum drawn at various aspirators. Compressor bypass flow through a first aspirator is used to enhance vacuum produced during boosted conditions while throttle bypass flow through a second aspirator is used to enhance vacuum produced during non-boosted conditions.

Abstract: A housing for an engine is provided. The housing includes an intake manifold configured to supply air to at least one chamber defined within the housing, a fuel port configured to supply fuel to the at least one chamber, and a compression control port configured to control at least one of a pressure and a volume of a fuel-air mixture in the at least one chamber during a compression cycle of the engine. The compression control port includes a passage defined through the housing, and at least one valve disposed in the passage and configured to control a flow through the passage.