Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for an automatic variable creasing with a digital creaser. This method includes the following steps: determining a zero point position C0, a starting location C1, and a variable parameter X; transferring a paper sheet i to the creasing area of an creaser, and calculating creasing position P of the paper sheet according to the zero point position C0, the starting location C1, the variable parameter X and i, making an crease at the creasing position P. This apparatus is composed of a parameter obtaining module, a detection module, a transferring module, an creasing module, and a processing & control module. The present invention realizes the object of automatic variable creasing, making the variable creasing efficiency higher, the precision higher, facilitating binding and page turning of thick paper books.

Abstract: A user is able to intuitively understand differences in shaft characteristics relating to the distribution of shaft stiffness values between a plurality of types of shafts. A printed material on which is printed a plot diagram is provided. This plot diagram has plotted thereon a plurality of points respectively representing characteristic values of a plurality of shafts for a golf club, and includes a plot region having an axis that represents a first index. The first index is determined based on the distribution of stiffness values of the shaft in a direction along the shaft.

Abstract: The invention concerns a security element for a security document comprising a structure layer and diffractive first and second relief structures, wherein the relief structures viewed parallel to the plane of the structure layer are arranged in different planes of the security element, wherein the first relief structure adjoins a partial first reflection layer and the second relief structure adjoins a partial second reflection layer, and wherein—if the first reflection layer is towards a viewer—a second item of information generated by the second relief structure is at least partially concealed and—if the second reflection layer is towards the viewer—a first item of information generated by the first relief structure is at least partially concealed, and processes for the production of such security elements and security documents formed therewith.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices that change their appearance and/or physical properties when under an external influence, and methods for their production and use. Such devices may be used as features of any type of items, documents, billboards, posters, display devices, advertisements and other items etc. and may be adapted to include decipherable content. Such devices also afford new techniques for a user to check quickly and easily whether the item is a legitimate or a counterfeit copy, either by hand-manipulation of the device, or with the assistance of an additional screening tool.

Abstract: Provided is a valve type writing instrument, eliminating the need for frequently making a core pushing-in operation, thus being long-lasting, and causing no blurring of a written character. The valve type writing instrument includes an ink tank barrel; a valve housing cylinder, fitted into the ink tank barrel; and a core, slidably held in the valve housing cylinder, in which an ink reservoir member, reservoiring ink, and a valve unit case, incorporating a valve mechanism are loaded. The ink reservoir member has a truncated cone shape, a core insertion hole being formed so as to be penetrated through the central portion thereof, one half part of core being slidably housed therein, a number of slits for reservoiring ink being radially formed from the core insertion hole, and ink reservoired in the slits being capable of permeating into the housed portion of core in the core insertion hole as needed.

Abstract: A three-dimensional dry erase board is fabricated in a vacuum forming process using a suitable thermoplastic material laid over a mold of any desired three-dimensional surface. The three-dimensional dry erase board can be fashioned into any three-dimensional surface, with it replicating well-known persons, objects, logos, scenery, or the like. The dry erase board retains its markable and erasable qualities of the three-dimensional surface.

Abstract: Provide is a tool that includes a handle assembly including a top and bottom portion and a blade disposed between the top and bottom portion having first and second ends and an opening at its first end. The opening includes first and second notches opposed to one another. The tool also includes a latch assembly disposed between the top and bottom portion that is movable between first and second positions, the latch assembly including a latch having a protrusion that engages one of the first or second notches in the first position and disengages from the one of the first or second notches in the second position. The blade is rotatable about the first end between a closed positioned where the first notch is engaged by the protrusion, and an open position where the second notch is engaged by the protrusion.

Abstract: A bicycle spoke has a spoke body having two remote ends, a rim end, and a hub end. The elongated body includes a longitudinally flattened cross-section. The body includes a first end portion thickness at the hub end transverse to a longitudinal plane. The body includes a second end portion thickness at the rim-side end transverse to the longitudinal plane. The body includes in a first center region disposed closer to the first end portion than to the second end portion, a first center region thickness transverse to the longitudinal plane that is less than the first end portion thickness. In a second center region disposed closer to the second end portion than to the first end portion, the body has the flattened cross-section wherein the second center region includes a second center region thickness transverse to the longitudinal plane that is less than the first center region thickness.

Abstract: An electrically motorized driving wheel for vehicles such as bicycles is provided. The electrically motorized wheel can include a wheel rim, a housing disposed inside and connected to the wheel rim, wherein the housing defines an installation space inside the housing, a driving force generating mechanism disposed in the installation space, and a driving force transfer mechanism connected to the driving force generating mechanism and configured to transfer a driving force generated from the driving force generating mechanism to the housing.

Abstract: A tire handler for movement and manipulation of tires and wheels for large vehicles. The tire handler is lifted by a crane or similar hoisting equipment. The tire handler comprises improvements including an automatic leveling system, power adjustable tire control and support arms, and wireless remote operation of powered functions.

Abstract: A tire comprising an innerliner, where the inner-liner includes a rubber, a first carbon black having a statistical thickness surface area of at least 50 m2/g, and a second carbon black having a statistical thickness surface area of at most 45 m2/g.

Abstract: A tire comprising: a carcass; and inclined belt layers and a circumferential belt layer, wherein: the circumferential belt layer satisfies a correlation that X?750 when it is defined that X=Y×n×m, where Y is a Young's modulus in GPa of the cords forming the circumferential belt layer, n is a number of the cords implanted per 50 mm of width, and m is a number of layers of the circumferential belt layer; the inclined belt layers comprise at least two inclined belt layers having different tire widthwise widths; and a tire widthwise width W1 of an inclined belt layer having a widest width and a tire widthwise width W2 of an inclined belt layer having a narrowest width satisfy a correlation that W2?0.6 W1.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire that makes steering stability, rolling resistance performance, and noise performance compatible includes a carcass toroidally extending between two bead portions; an inclined belt, with inclined belt layer(s) including cords that extend at an inclination relative to a tire circumferential direction, and a circumferential belt, with circumferential belt layer(s) including cords that extend along the tire circumferential direction, radially at an outer side of a crown portion of the carcass; and a tread at an outer side of the circumferential belt in the tire radial direction. An inclination angle of the cords in the inclined belt layers is 35° to 90°, the circumferential belt has a higher tire circumferential direction rigidity per unit width in a central region including a tire equator than in other regions, and in a surface region including the tire equator, the tread includes a land portion continuous in the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: An airless tire includes a tread ring having a cylindrical form and a ground contact surface, a hub positioned on radial direction inner side of the tread ring and formed to be fixed to an axle, and a spoke structure connecting the tread ring and hub. The tread ring includes a tread rubber layer forming the ground contact surface, and a reinforcing rubber layer formed on tire radial direction inner side of the tread layer, and the reinforcing layer is formed of a rubber material obtained by co-crosslinking a rubber composition including a rubber component, an ?, ?-unsaturated carboxylic acid metal salt and a peroxide such that the metal salt has amount in range of 10 to 80 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component and the rubber component has content rate of butadiene rubber in range of 10 to 100% by mass.

Abstract: [Object] A motorcycle tire, for an uneven terrain, which exhibits both impact absorption and handling stability is provided. [Solution] A tire 2 includes a pair of rubber reinforcing layers 14 disposed inward of a carcass 10 near ends, respectively, of a tread surface 16. A profile of the tread surface 16 is formed by: an arc C1 that is disposed at a center, and that projects outward in a radial direction; and a pair of arcs C2 each of which is disposed outward of the arc C1 in an axial direction and each of which projects outward in the radial direction. The arc C1 contacts with the arcs C2. A radius R1 of curvature of the arc C1 is less than a radius R2 of curvature of each arc C2. Outer ends 40 of the rubber reinforcing layers 14 are disposed outward of ends TE of the tread surface 16 in the radial direction. Inner ends 42 of the rubber reinforcing layers 14 are disposed inward of the ends TE of the tread surface 16 in the radial direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire is provided with an asymmetrical tread pattern. The width of an outboard shoulder main groove is less than the width of an outboard crown main groove. The angle of the axially inner groove-sidewall is less than that of the axially outer groove-sidewall. An outboard shoulder land region is provided with outboard shoulder blind grooves extending from the outboard tread edge and terminating within the outboard shoulder land region, and outboard shoulder lateral grooves extending from the outboard tread edge to the outboard shoulder main groove, which are arranged alternately in the tire circumferential direction. An outboard middle land region is provided with outboard middle blind grooves extending axially inwardly from the outboard shoulder main groove, and outboard middle sipes extending from inner ends of the outboard middle blind grooves to the outboard crown main groove.

Abstract: A wireless sensor includes an antenna, a tuning circuit, a pressure sensing circuit, a processing module, and a transmitter. Collectively, the pressure sensing circuit, the antenna, and the tuning circuit have one or more radio frequency (RF) characteristics and the pressure sensing circuit causes the RF characteristic(s) to vary with varying sensed pressures. The processing module detects a variance of the RF characteristic(s) from a desired value. In response to the detecting of the variance, the processing module adjusts the tuning circuit to substantially re-establish the desired value of the RF characteristic(s). The processing module generates a message regarding the adjusting of the tuning circuit, wherein a level of the adjusting is representative of a variance of pressure sensed by the pressure sensing circuit. The transmitter transmits the message.

Abstract: The present application relates to a tire (2) comprising a tread portion (4) and sidewalls (6) terminating with beads, with inner sides defining an annular cavity; a deformable structure (8) located in the annular cavity in contact with the inner side of the tread portion (4), said structure (8) comprising bendable elements (10); wherein the bendable elements (10) of the deformable structure (8) comprise a piezoelectric material (102) so as to produce electrical energy from bending of said elements (10) and comprise at least one thermoelectric material (101, 103) so as to produce electrical energy from heat of said elements.

Abstract: Valve for a compartmentalized tyre, which has a body (1) having an end (1A) for being coupled to an inflation/deflation system (50) of the compartmentalized tyre; a second end (1B), opposite to the first end, for being coupled to an inflation/deflation duct (3) of the compartmentalized tyre; a flow channel (1C) between the first end (1A) and the second end (1B). The valve has two cavities in the interior of the body (1) of the valve—the cavities have devices for connecting to chambers of the tyre; a communication channel (1D) between the first cavity (14) and the second cavity (15); an opening/closing element (172) formed by: an opening/closing cover (12) of the flow channel (1C); a connection/disconnection separator (17) of the communication channel (1D).

Abstract: A device for connecting a first unit and a second unit of an articulated vehicle, including means for connecting the first and second unit, configured for allowing a movement on a horizontal plane of the first and second unit, for varying the relative position on the horizontal plane between the first and second unit, and a movement on a vertical plane of the first and second unit, for varying the relative position on the vertical plane between the first and second unit, the connecting means being at least in part made from composite material reinforced with fibre.

Abstract: Disclosed are a bump stopper and a manufacturing method therefor which can maintain the shock-absorbing characteristics and durability performance constantly for a prolonged period of time regardless of the temperature or humidity of the usage environment, which can maintain a constant dimensional precision for a finished product, which is excellent in material yield rate and manufacturing efficiency, and which is low-cost, lightweight, recyclable, and ecological. A bump stopper (1) is provided in the vicinity of a rod of a shock absorber to elastically limit the stroke of the shock absorber at the time of the contraction thereof and to absorb the shock generated at that time. The bump stopper includes a hollow cylindrical bellows part (11) which extends along a stroke direction S of the shock absorber.

Abstract: A method includes a coating step of coating a vulcanizing adhesive at a surface of a vulcanized centrum of a rubber bush; a heating step of heating a portion to be adhered of a stabilizer bar; a fitting step of fitting the centrum of the rubber bush at which the vulcanizing adhesive is coated on the heated portion to be adhered of the stabilizer bar; and an adhering step of clamping the rubber bush in a radial direction by a clamping device to adhere the rubber bush on the portion to be adhered of the stabilizer bar.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus is provided that can extend the mileage of a vehicle by reducing the power consumed by the operation of a compressor and a heater. When a required quantity of heating Q_req is acquired, the minimum power sharing ratio between quantity of heat release Q_hpof a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 22 and quantity of heat release Q_htrof a water heater 32 is calculated, which allows the power consumption W_total to be minimized, and a compressor 21 and the water heater 32 is operated based on the result of the calculation.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for the continuous operation of an air conditioning unit or climate control system in a vehicle. The system may include a power generating unit, such as an engine or a fuel cell stack, and an exhaust loop in fluid communication with the power generating unit. First and second adsorption-based thermal batteries are provided in thermal communication with the exhaust loop. The vehicle may be configured to simultaneously operate in both an air conditioning operational mode powered by the first thermal battery, and a charging operational mode that regenerates the second thermal battery. A thermoelectric generator may also be provided such that the system is entirely self-powered, reducing or eliminating a need for supplemental, i.e. plug-in, charging.

Abstract: A system for cooling a vehicle compartment using a twin cell thermal battery and waste heat. Cool air from the evaporators of a twin cell thermal battery system is used to chill a compartment, such as an icebox in a trunk or a cabin of a vehicle. The energy needed to create the cooling effect for the cool compartment comes directly from the waste heat of vehicle exhaust gas. The system provides for the air conditioning and charging mode to work simultaneously because of a twin cell battery configuration. A thermoelectric generator (TEG) is also provided in addition to the twin cell battery thereby making the system self-powered. The system uses energy that would otherwise be lost to the environment to provide a cooling source within the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle window shade that is installable in a secure manner against a vehicle window. The window shade has a screen that is adapted to fit windows of varying heights. The shade comprises a base and a screen coiled and housed within the base and adapted to be extended outside of the base and retracted. At least one clip is pivotally connected to the base. The clip secures an elongated housing of the base in a substantially horizontal plane aligned with an upper or lower edge of a vehicle window. A temperature indicator may be connected to the shade and an attachment device may also be attached and adapted to secure the screen to a flat surface in an extended position.

Abstract: A door frame includes: a column, wherein the column includes: an outer member; and an inner member, which is attached to the outer member and of which at least a part is located at an inner side of the vehicle, wherein the outer member includes: a base portion; and a first bent portion that is bent at an end portion of the base portion and extends to the inner side of the vehicle, wherein the inner member includes: a side portion that has faces, which respectively face the base portion and the first bent portion, and wherein the first bent portion of the outer member is welded to the side portion of the inner member in a state where a gap is formed between the base portion of the outer member and the face of the side portion of the inner member, which faces the base portion.

Abstract: A sunshade assembly for use in a vehicle roof assembly comprises a flexible sunscreen having at least a central part and two opposed inwardly folded longitudinal edges connected to the central part by means of folding lines. A winding shaft for winding and unwinding the flexible sunscreen is provided at the trailing edge and an operating beam at the leading edge of the sunscreen. Two opposed longitudinal guides retain therein and guide corresponding ones of the folded longitudinal edges of the sunscreen. The guides are provided with locking members for engaging an outer end of the inwardly folded longitudinal edges for preventing these edges from moving out of the longitudinal guides when the sunscreen is at least partly unwound. The sunscreen includes at least two members which are each arranged substantially parallel to a respective longitudinal edge and which are buckle-stiff in a direction parallel to said longitudinal edge.

Abstract: A headliner corner retractor for a convertible top. The corner retractor moves a front corner of the headliner between a covering position concealing a front portion of the side linkage and a contracted position in which clearance is provided for the side linkages to extend and retract the convertible top. The corner retractor is moved by a mechanical actuator including a cable and a hollow tubular housing.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has a body including a header margin at least partially defining a body side opening. The motor vehicle further includes a first door received in and closing at least a first portion of the body side opening and a drip resistant textured-paint surface feature provided along the header margin above the first door.

Abstract: A battery unit mounting structure includes a pair of right and left vehicle body frame members extending in a vehicle front-rear direction, a pair of right and left side members extending in the vehicle front-rear direction, a battery unit disposed between the right and left side members, and a reinforcement. The right and left vehicle body frame members are disposed respectively at right and left outer side portions of a vehicle body in a vehicle-width direction. The right and left side members are connected respectively to inner sides of the right and left vehicle body frame members in the vehicle-width direction. The reinforcement is disposed on a bottom or top surface of the battery unit, and disposed at a position at which the reinforcement overlaps with the battery unit in a plan view. The reinforcement extending in the vehicle-width direction is longer than the battery unit in the vehicle-width direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a work machine, in particular to a construction machine and/or mining machine such as a crawler-type vehicle, a dump truck, mining device or the like, having an electric drive which comprises power electronics which have at least one transformer which has power connections covered by a cover for connecting power cables, wherein a manually actuable grounding device is provided for the all-pole grounding of the transformer and/or for short-circuiting an intermediate circuit connected thereto. The invention in this respect in particular also relates to such a transformer. In accordance with the invention, the manually actuable grounding device is coupled to a cover latch of the cover such that the cover can be unlatched by actuating the named grounding device.

Abstract: A drive unit for a hybrid-vehicle to realize a variety of drive modes for covering various running conditions. A first planetary gear unit is included of a first carrier, a first sun gear, and a first ring gear. A second planetary gear unit is included of a second carrier, a second sun gear, and a second ring gear. A first clutch connects the engine selectively with the first carrier. A first motor is connected with the first sun gear, the second motor is connected with the second sun gear, and the first ring gear and the second ring gear are individually connected with an output member. The drive unit is with a second clutch for connecting the first carrier selectively with the second sun gear. In the drive unit, a reverse stage fixing-mode to propel the vehicle backwardly while changes the output member speed in accordance with the engine speed.

Abstract: A powertrain includes a motor-generator and an auxiliary electric system. The powertrain also includes a first energy storage device disposed in a parallel electrical relationship with a motor-generator and an auxiliary electric system. Additionally, the powertrain includes a first switching device selectively transitionable between a first open state to electrically disconnect the first energy storage device from at least one of the motor-generator and the auxiliary electric system, and a first closed state to electrically connect the first energy storage device to at least one of the motor-generator and the auxiliary electric system. The motor-generator and the auxiliary electric system are operable regardless of the first switching device being in the first open and closed states.

Abstract: A vehicular drive assembly for providing independent rotational torque to each wheel of a vehicle includes a vehicle that has a frame and a plurality of wheels rotatably coupled to the frame. A plurality of drive arrays is attached to the vehicle and each of the wheels has one of the drive arrays mechanically attached thereto. Each of the drive arrays applies a rotational torque to an associated one of the wheels thereby facilitating each of the wheels to have an independent power source.

Abstract: A traction system for vehicles comprises a first power source of the non-reversible type, a second power source of the reversible type and a transmission which is connected to the power sources and which includes a first differential device. The transmission further comprises a speed variator which is interposed between the first source and the first differential device and which comprises a continuous speed variation device, and a second differential device. The continuous speed variation device is of the toroidal friction wheel type and comprises a lateral motion input disc, a lateral motion output disc and at least two idle oscillating friction roller members. The lateral motion input and output discs have a friction surface of toroidal shape and the idle oscillating roller members have a friction surface shaped in the form of a spherical dome.

Abstract: A self-cleaning radiator grille assembly having a radiator housing, a plurality of trash filter units forming a grill plate held by a frame wherein each of the plurality of trash filter units has at least one pair of filter lines, a plurality of corrugated sheets placed between the filter lines and parallel to each other such that hollow spaces between the corrugated sheets form air conduits for facilitating removal of clogging agents.

Abstract: A dump truck includes: a main frame that extends in a front-back direction of a vehicle body; an engine installed on the main frame; an exhaust aftertreatment device that is supported by the main frame and purifies exhaust gas from the engine; and a communication pipe having a first end connected to the engine and a second end connected to the exhaust aftertreatment device, in which the exhaust gas discharged from the engine flows to the exhaust aftertreatment device. The communication pipe includes: an upstream pipe extending from the engine to a lateral side thereof; a bellows pipe angularly connected to the upstream pipe and extending in an up-down direction; and a downstream pipe angularly connected to the bellows pipe.

Abstract: In a fuel tank, high-rigidity portions are formed to protrude to an inner side from a part of a wall portion inside the fuel tank, the wall portion defining a closed space. A built-in part is fixed to the high-rigidity portions, and is also fixed to the horizontal portion. Therefore, when the fuel tank is deformed, deformation of the high-rigidity portions is restrained, so displacement of the built-in part is restrained. As a result, deformation is restrained in the horizontal portion of the fuel tank fixed to the built-in part that is restrained from being displaced when the fuel tank is deformed.

Abstract: A mounting assembly for supporting a fuel supply on a vehicle, which is specifically adapted for the operable support and positioning of an auxiliary fuel supply. The vehicle with which the mounting assembly is utilized may vary significantly, but is primarily structured for use on mine haul vehicles, bulldozers, and other heavy duty commercial vehicles, wherein the operation thereof is significantly benefited or enhanced through the provision of an auxiliary, or alternate fuel supply such as, but not limited to, liquid natural gas (LNG), selectively powering the engine of the vehicle as determined by an improved electronic control system. The mounting assembly comprises a containment structure in the form of at least one fuel tank and a housing is structured to enclose the fuel tank. A base supports the housing and provides a pivot point about which the housing may be disposed between a first and second orientation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for supplying feedback to a driver of a vehicle so that transmission shifting busyness may be reduced are presented. In one example, the systems and methods include increasing resistance of an accelerator pedal in response to a difference between an available powertrain torque and a desired powertrain torque.

Abstract: A system may include an in-vehicle component, including a first control set to configure the component, configured to identify a device associated with a user approach to the component; and send an interaction request to the device to cause the device to display a user interface for the component including a second control set to configure the component, the second control set including at least one function unavailable in the first control set. A personal device may receive, from an in-vehicle component including a first control set to configure the component, a user interface definition descriptive of a second control set to configure the component; and receive, from the component, a request to display a user interface for the component including the second control set to configure the component, the second control set including at least one function unavailable in the first control set.

Abstract: A vehicle-to-vehicle communication system providing a spatiotemporal look ahead and method thereof is provided. A trailing vehicle having a look ahead capability can communicate with a preceding vehicle. The preceding vehicle can measure a distance to a leading vehicle and provide that information through vehicle-to-vehicle communications to the trailing vehicle. The trailing vehicle can then display an augmented reality indicator above the vehicle through its head-up display indicating how far the leading vehicle is in front of the preceding vehicle. An icon representing the leading vehicle can be displayed within the augmented reality indicator representing the leading vehicle. Braking actions by the leading vehicle can be communicated to the trailing vehicle through the augmented reality indicator.

Abstract: A pointer instrument, in particular in a motor vehicle, including a central indicating unit arranged on a fastening column. The fastening column is arranged outside of the center of the indicating unit, an indicating surface concentrically surrounding the indicating unit, and a centrally supported first pointer for visibly pivoting over the indicating surface. The indicating unit is arranged in front of the pointer and outside of the view of the observer. A second pointer, which has an opening for surrounding the fastening column, is arranged concentrically to the first pointer.

Abstract: A system includes a grid coupled to an electrical bus; an electrical power modulation device coupled to the electrical bus that can output modified electrical power received from the electrical bus; a blower motor coupled to the electrical power modulation device that can receive the modified electrical power output and can provide a stream of air to affect a temperature of the grid, and a controller. A speed of the blower motor may be based at least in part on an amount of the modified electrical power. The controller can receive an operating parameter, and is responsive to that parameter by causing the electrical power modulation device to vary the amount of the modified electrical power. A blower motor speed may be controlled based at least in part on the operating parameter.

Abstract: An electrical apparatus, including: a circuit breaker having a breaking capacity and a breaking current; a DC voltage source including two batteries connected in parallel, connected in series with the circuit breaker, the sum of short-circuit currents of the batteries being greater than the breaking capacity, each battery including: a first branch including storage batteries and a switch connected in series; a second branch connected in parallel with the first branch and including a free-wheeling diode; an ammeter measuring output current; and a control circuit configured to detect a short-circuit. The control circuits simultaneously keep a majority of switches open and close one switch to apply a current passing through the circuit breaker which is higher than the breaking current and lower than the breaking capacity.

Abstract: In a method for detecting whether a motor vehicle in a parked state, in particular in the switched-off state, has been hit or moved, at least one sensor signal is transmitted as a function of a position of the motor vehicle relative to at least one vehicle-external reference object from a sensor device to a control device. The control device compares the at least one sensor signal with at least one predetermined signal pattern or with at least one predetermined value interval or with at least one predetermined signal template, and transmits at least one control command for initiating a safety measure to at least one unit of the motor vehicle, when the comparison reveals a difference.

Abstract: A method controls regenerative braking for a vehicle equipped with regenerative brakes and with a separate braking apparatus. The vehicle includes at least one first wheel and at least one second wheel. The separate braking apparatus is applied to the at least one first wheel and to the at least one second wheel. The regenerative brakes are applied to the at least one first wheel only. The method includes receiving a speed value of the first wheel and a speed value of the second wheel, estimating a value of a parameter representing a slip associated with the regenerative braking as a function of the speed value of the first wheel and as a function of the speed value of the second wheel, and forming a regenerative braking setpoint value as a function of the estimated value of the parameter representing slip associated with the regenerative braking.

Abstract: The invention discloses a three-DOF hybrid damping pantograph, comprising an electric driving transmission system fixed on a base, and collector heads, transverse dampers, parallel support frames as well as longitudinal dampers. Square auxiliary holes are arranged on the base, supporting insulators are arranged on four angles below the base; four transverse dampers are symmetrically fixed on the base, and arranged on the outside of the parallel support frames and connected with the parallel support frames through hinges; four longitudinal dampers are symmetrically fixed on the top of the parallel support frames; the collector heads are connected with the parallel support frames by the longitudinal dampers and separators are arranged on the collector heads. The invention can realize bearing and damping spatially in three directions, avoid pantograph detachment, catenary scraping and other safety accidents, and improve the structural stability of the pantograph and adaptability to the catenary.

Abstract: A motor vehicle electrical system which includes an electric machine, an active bridge rectifier, and at least one control device, the at least one control device being configured for converting an alternating voltage which is output by the electric machine at a number of phase connections into a direct voltage by controlling active switching elements of the bridge rectifier. An arrangement is provided configured for initiating a short circuit of at least two of the phase connections as soon as a signal characterizing the direct voltage exceeds an upper threshold value, and for deactivating the short circuit as soon as the signal characterizing the direct voltage subsequently falls below a lower threshold value. An evaluation device is provided configured for detecting a value of the direct voltage, for filtering the detected value, and for providing the filtered value as the signal characterizing the direct voltage.