Abstract: The use of a complex ester obtainable by esterification reaction between aliphatic linear or branched C2- to C12-dicarboxylic acids, aliphatic linear or branched polyhydroxy alcohols with 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups, and, as chain stopping agents, aliphatic linear or branched C1- to C30-monocarboxylic acids or aliphatic linear or branched monobasic Ci- to C30-alcohols, as an additive in a fuel.

Abstract: The use of an alkoxylated polytetrahydrofurane of formula wherein m, m?, n, n?, p, p? and k are integers in the range of ?1, R1 denotes an unsubstituted linear or branched alkyl radical, R2 denotes —CH2—CH3, and R3 denotes a hydrogen atom or —CH3, as an additive in a fuel for reducing fuel consumption in the operation of an internal combustion engine with this fuel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to branched saturated hydrocarbons which are covalently modified with haloalkylene units. Said modified hydrocarbons show low values of wear and friction with respect to the corresponding non modified hydrocarbons and can be conveniently used as lubricants in applications wherein higher resistance to wear and friction is required.

Abstract: A lubricant composition includes at least one branched polyglycerol ether, and more particularly at least one branched polyglycerol ether and at least one dispersant. A method for reducing fuel consumption of a vehicle utilizing a lubricant composition is also provided. Furthermore, a use of a branched polyglycerol ether as a friction modifier in a lubricant composition is disclosed.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions containing at least one estolide compound and at least one ene and/or Diels Alder compound. In certain embodiments, the addition of at least one ene and/or Diels Alder compound to an estolide-containing composition may improve the cold temperature, viscometric, and/or anti-wear properties of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel sulphur-bridged compounds, in which within the molecule there is at least one fatty acid bonded by way of at least one sulphur bridge to at least one polyalkylene glycol ester, the reaction product of a fatty acid with a polyalkylene glycol, and these have from 8 to 29% by weight sulphur content, to use of these as sulphur carrier and lubricant additive and to production of the said compounds.

Abstract: An overbased alkylated arylalkyl sulfonate is easy to prepare and is useful as a detergent in various lubricant applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antiwear agent and lubricating compositions thereof. The invention further provides for a method of lubricating a driveline device application by employing a lubricating composition containing the antiwear agent.

Abstract: A transmission lubricant composition, a method of lubricating a machine part, and a transmission are provided that utilize select boronated and phosphorylated N-substituted polyisobutylene succinimide dispersants combined with metal containing detergents to achieve high friction durability and low wear rates for automatic transmissions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricant composition containing a base stock and at least 0.01 wt % of a friction reducing additive which is a compound of the Formula (I): R1[(AO)n—R2]m??(I) wherein R1 is the residue of a group having at least 2 active hydrogen atoms; m is at least 2; AO is an alkylene oxide residue; each n is independently from 0 to 100; and each R2 is independently H or R3, where each R3 is independently a residue of a polyhydroxyalkyl or polyhydroxyalkenyl carboxylic acid, a residue of a hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyalkenyl carboxylic acid and/or a residue of an oligomer of the hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyalkenyl carboxylic acid; and on average at least 0.5 of R2 groups are R3. The lubricant composition is suitable for use in an engine oil, a hydraulic oil or fluid, a gear oil and/or a metal-working fluid.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of lubricating an end-pivot finger follower valve train lash adjuster of a passenger car compression ignition internal combustion engine having a reference mass not exceeding 2610 kg comprising supplying to the internal combustion engine a lubricating composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity 0.01 wt % to 3 wt % of a dispersant viscosity modifier, and 0.01 wt % to 3 wt % of a zinc free sulphur-containing antiwear agent, wherein the lubricating composition has a sulphur-content of less than 5000 ppm, a phosphorus content of 1000 ppm or less, and a sulphated ash content of (typically 3000 to 12,000 ppm).

Abstract: The present application relates to perfume raw materials, perfume blends, perfume delivery systems and air care products comprising such perfume raw materials, perfume blends and/or such perfume delivery systems, as well as processes for making and using such perfume raw materials, perfume delivery systems and air care products. The perfume blends disclosed herein expand the perfume communities' options.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) in the form of any one of its stereoisomers or a mixture thereof and wherein one R represents a methyl group and the other R is a hydrogen atom; which are useful as perfuming ingredients.

Abstract: Installation and method for producing fatty acid esters usable as fuel for which the installation includes a tank (10) containing oils and/or fats to be treated, a tank (11) containing light alcohol, pumps (3) and (4) feeding the materials to a tubular reaction vessel (30) having a winding configuration provided with a heater for internally maintaining a supercritical temperature with respect to the alcohol used and a pressure provided by the pumps, suitable for producing esterification and transesterification reactions, without the presence of catalysts of the oils and/or fats and alcohol, a heat exchanger (8) for heating the affluents and cooling the reaction effluents and a reaction effluent depressurization tank (21). The installation further has a stirrer (22, 23, 28) for stirring the reaction product at the reaction temperature and pressure in one or more segments of the tubular vessel (30) covering a sector of the reactor before its end area for exit towards the depressurization tank (21).

Abstract: A detergent composition with a superior drying performance is provided comprising a surfactant according to the formula: wherein n=0-5 and m=10-50; or formula 2: R1O(AlkO)xM(OAlk)yOR2 wherein R1 and R2 are independently saturated or unsaturated, and possibly hydroxylated, alkyl radicals with 4 to 22 carbon atoms. wherein Alk is an alkyl radical with 2-4 carbon atoms; wherein x and y are independently an integer between 1 and 70; wherein M is an alkyl radical selected from the group CH2, CHR3, CR3R4, CH2CHR3, CHR3CHR4; and wherein R3 and R4 are independently saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals with 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Agents including siloxane group-containing copolymers to improve the cleaning performance of detergents during the laundering of textiles. The disclosure relates to the use of specific soil-release polymeric active substances to intensify the cleaning performance of detergents in the laundering of textiles, to detergents containing such soil-release active substances, and to the use of such soil-release active substances for forming a protective layer on textile fabrics.

Abstract: An automotive cleaning composition includes by weight of the composition about 48% by weight of xylene, about 22% by weight of a nonylphenol ethoxylate, about 15% by weight of a hydrophobic glycol ether, and the balance being water.

Abstract: Phosphorus-free detergent compositions are provided. Detergent compositions including an aminocarboxylate, water conditioning agent, source of alkalinity and water beneficially do not require the use of additional surfactants and/or polymers to provide suitable detergency and prevent scale build-up on treated surfaces. The detergent compositions are used with a sanitizer to employ the phosphorus-free detergent compositions for use as low temperature ware wash detergents that beneficially reduce scale build-up. Methods of employing the phosphorus-free detergent compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for extraction into an aqueous medium of hop acids from a hop acids containing matter and for dissolution in an aqueous medium of hop acids, comprising contacting a hop acids containing matter with carbon-containing chemical substances having at least one functional group containing a nitrogen atom with a lone electron pair and at least one other polar and/or hydrophilic functional group, thereby forming complexes of hop acids with the carbon-containing chemical substances with at least one functional group containing a nitrogen atom with a lone electron pair and at least one other polar and/or hydrophilic functional group. The present invention further relates to a method for preparing a brewed beverage, particularly for brewing a beer, and in particular to a method to improve the utilization of hop acids, including alpha-acids and iso-alpha-acids, in the brewing process.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and methods for simultaneously producing different compounds in various ratios under set conditions.

Abstract: A cell culture apparatus in which liquid can be supplied uniformly/homogeneously among a plurality of culture containers while keeping cost low. In this cell culture apparatus, a plurality of sealed culture containers (1) having fluid introduction ports and discharge ports are provided, and the plurality of culture containers (1) are connected in parallel, forming a single closed culture system. The cell culture apparatus has a single flow channel switching mechanism (8) for switching a plurality of flow channels connected to the plurality of culture containers (1). The flow channel switching mechanism (8) makes the flow channel resistance of one individual flow channel from among the individual flow channels branching and connecting to the culture containers (1) less than the flow channel resistance of the remainder of the individual flow channels.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a centrifuge chamber comprising a cylinder having a base plate and a cover plate, a rotational axis with at least one port for input and/or output of liquids, at least one port for input of gases and at least one layer for cell culturing, wherein the layer for cell culturing comprises a gas-permeable membrane on which cells can be cultured and wherein the at least one port for input and/or output of gases is connected to the gas-permeable membrane.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to artificial photosynthesis. In one aspect a system includes a photoanode chamber including a photoanode assembly, a photocathode chamber including a photocathode assembly, an electrical connection electrically connecting the photoanode assembly and the photocathode assembly, a membrane separating the photoanode chamber and the photocathode chamber, and a microorganism disposed in the photocathode chamber. The photoanode assembly is operable to oxidize water to generate oxygen, protons, and electrons. The membrane is permeable to the protons and operable to allow the protons to travel to the photocathode chamber. The electrical connection provides electrons to the photocathode assembly. The microorganism comprises a metabolic pathway to reduce carbon dioxide and to generate a carbon-based compound using the electrons or hydrogen formed by two protons.

Abstract: It is constituted such that a sterile work can be applied by a worker 29 to cells or the like through a glove 28 provided in an isolator 15. A headset 31 for work outputting a work procedure of the sterile work in voice is prepared for the worker, and an input device 39 for check is prepared for a checker 36. A management device 12 outputs the work procedure of the sterile work this time in voice to the headset for work. When the fact that the worker has normally performed the sterile work this time is checked by the checker, and when the fact is input from the input device for check to the management device, the management device performs the subsequent work procedure. Since the sterile work by the worker 29 can be monitored by the checker 36, a wrong work can be prevented from being performed.

Abstract: A cell management system includes an automatic culture system installed in a cell culture factory and provided with an automatic culture device for automatically culturing cells and a cell management part for managing information on a state of the cells being cultured; a memory part connected to the automatic culture system and for storing information on the state of the cells being cultured; and an external computer installed in a side of a cell ordering party and connected to the memory part. The automatic culture system sends the information on the state of the cells managed by the cell management part to the memory part in real time. The external computer includes a display part for displaying the information on the state of the cells stored in the memory part thereon and a manipulation part for ordering the cells under culture within the cell culture factory.

Abstract: The method comprises the step of forming pipes (12) by clamping a bag between shells (13, 14) and by injecting an inflating agent via an inflating connector. The circuit comprises a bag (126) and a press (10) comprising two shells (13, 14) clamping said bag in a state in which pipes (12) are formed between the films (25, 26) of the bag.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for merging a droplet with a volume of fluid in a microfluidic system. In particular, the methods of the invention use a microfluidic structure designed to merge a fluid with a droplet in order to dilute, add volume, or add selected reagents, biological materials, or synthetic materials to a droplet. Also provided are related systems and methods for cell lysis.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition containing an aqueous liquid phase, bacterial cells, and an ionic compound dissolved in the liquid phase. The ionic compound is selected from the group consisting of 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-thiocyanate, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-2(2-methoxy-ethoxy)ethylsulfate, 1-methyl-1-[4-(3-methyl-3H-imidazol-1-ium)-but-1-yl]-3H-imidazolium-di(toluylsulfate), and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-octylsulfate. The compositions of the invention are advantageously used for preparing lysates of biological cells, particularly bacterial cells.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the process combines a fraction (up to 15%) of a lignocellulose substrate with supplemental nutritional material and hydrates the fraction to a moisture content of from 40% to 70% by weight. The hydrated substrate fraction is heat processed to remove ambient bioburden (yeast, mold, bacteria) and to maintain the hydrated substrate fraction in an aseptic condition. Thereafter, the hydrated substrate fraction is inoculated with a fungus and incubated to obtain a myceliated substrate which is then reduced into discrete particles. The remaining fraction of the substrate is combined with water and then combined with the discrete particles of myceliated substrate and incubated to obtain a second myceliated substrate which is then reduced into discrete particles. The second myceliated substrate is combined with supplemental nutritional material and incubated to obtain a third myceliated substrate composed of at least 10% mycelium.

Abstract: The present teachings provide large scale genetically engineered yeast in active dry form.

Abstract: A method of processing excrement of mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, insects, and/or humans includes sterilizing the excrement to create a sterile fluid, adding one or more nutrients and adding microorganisms such as genus bacillus to the sterile fluid creating a processed fluid. The good microorganisms multiply and divide in the processed fluid, thereby reducing the growth of harmful or unwanted microorganisms in the processed fluid. The processed fluid is then, for example, released into waterways or used to water/fertilized crops.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a genetically-modified diazotrophic microbe and methods that involve the genetically-modified diazotrophic microbe. Generally, the diazotrophic microbe is modified to excrete a nitrogen-containing compound in an amount greater than a comparable control diazotrophic microbe. The genetically-modified diazotrophic microbe can be co-cultured with a non-diazotroph and increase the growth of the non-diazotroph.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for separating suspended matter from liquid includes a concentrator filter that draws the liquid out of the suspension while the filter kept unblocked by a sparging filter that allows scrubbing of the concentrator filter by gas bubbles. This invention can be used to replace cross-flow filtration and centrifugation in the bioprocess industry and to reduce the volume of suspensions to concentrate the yield of the end product in the chemical industry.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for cultivating cells in adhesion culture, comprising at least the following steps: a) dissolving or suspending a cross-linkable, biocompatible material having adhesion points for cells in a cell culture medium; b) suspending cells in the cell culture medium, which contains the cross-linkable, biocompatible material, or in a medium that contains at least one component that is required for the cross-linking of the cross-linkable, biocompatible material; c) introducing the cell suspension into a medium in drops under conditions that initiate or permit the cross-linking of the biocompatible material, wherein either the cell suspension or the medium into which the cell suspension is introduced in drops contains the cross-linkable biocompatible material; d) forming stable, preferably porous capsules from cross-linked biocompatible material, which capsules contain incorporated adherent cells; e) proliferating the adherent cells in the capsules for a specified time period; f) breaki

Abstract: A culture medium for culturing a plant tissue includes: boiling a culture medium; adding a first sterilizing agent composed of a plurality of kinds of powdery agents to the culture medium; adding a second sterilizing agent composed of a single kind of agent to the culture medium; dispensing the culture medium into a culture vessel; cooling the dispensed culture medium; making the cooled culture medium and a plant tissue wet with a plurality of kinds of liquid agents; and introducing the plant tissue in the culture medium. By this invention, a method for preparing a culture medium for culturing a plant tissue and a method for inoculating a plant tissue can be provided in which the sterilizing or microbicidal treatment can be easily performed and yet the plant tissue can be grown to approximately the same extent as in the case of using an autoclave and a clean bench.

Abstract: Methods of using Dub3 protein, a nucleic acid molecule coding for the protein, or an inhibitor of the activity and/or of the expression of the protein for modulating cell differentiation.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods, assays and kits to maintain a human stem cell population in an undifferentiated state by inhibiting the expression or function of METTL3 and/or METTL4, and m6A fingerprint methods, assays, arrays and kits to assess the cell state of a human stem cell population by assessing m6A levels (e.g. m6A peak intensities) of a set of target genes disclosed herein to determine if the stem cell is in an undifferentiated or differentiated state.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides transformed human pluripotent stem cell (t-hPSC). t-hPSCs are not dependent on Oct4 for renewal and survival, however exhibit a sensitivity to reduced levels of the transcription factor Nanog. Also provided are methods of culturing cells for use in a cell-based screening assay comprising placing one or more transformed human pluripotent stem cells into a receptacle and culturing said stem cells in the receptacle to form a monolayer of stem cells without cell overlap. Methods of screening compounds using t-hPSCs are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a retinal pigment epithelial cell, including (1) a first step of subjecting pluripotent stem cells to floating culture in a serum-free medium to form an aggregate of pluripotent stem cells, (2) a second step of subjecting the aggregate formed in step (1) to floating culture in a serum-free medium or serum-containing medium each being free of a substance acting on the Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway and containing a substance acting on the BMP signal transduction pathway, thereby obtaining an aggregate containing retinal progenitor cells, and (3) a third step of subjecting the aggregate formed in step (2) to floating culture in a serum-free medium or serum-containing medium each being free of a substance acting on the Sonic hedgehog signal transduction pathway and a substance acting on the BMP signal transduction pathway and containing a substance acting on the Wnt signal pathway, thereby obtaining an aggregate containing retinal pigment epithel

Abstract: One form of the present invention is directed to a method of remyelinating demyelinated axons by treating the demyelinated axons with oligodendrocyte progenitor cells under conditions which permit remyelination of the axons. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of treating a subject having a condition mediated by a loss of myelin or a loss of oligodendrocytes by administering to the subject oligodendrocyte progenitor cells under conditions effective to treat the condition mediated by a loss of myelin or a loss of oligodendrocytes. A further aspect of the present invention relates to an in vitro method of identifying and separating oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from a mixed population containing other mammalian brain or spinal cord cell types.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods and compositions for transdifferentiation of an animal cell from a first non-pluripotent cell fate to a second non-pluripotent cell fate. Also provided are methods and compositions for the transdifferentiation of an animal cell from a non-pluripotent mesodermal, endodermal, or ectodermal cell fate to a different non-pluripotent mesodermal, endodermal, or ectodermal cell fate.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein are directed to a method of producing pancreatic cells or pancreatic cell precursors by exposing human embryonic stem cells to an effective amount of at least one compound listed in Table I to differentiate the human embryonic stem cells into the pancreatic cells or the pancreatic cell precursors. Kits and pancreatic cell lines produced using the methods are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new serum- and protein-free culture media. These media are high performance culture media, which notably improve mammalian fed-batch cultures. The present invention also relates to methods for preparing and/or designing the medium, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bacteriophage therapy. More particularly, the present invention relates to novel bacteriophages having a high specificity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, their manufacture, components thereof, compositions comprising the same and the uses thereof in phage therapy.

Abstract: A disposable, virus-trapping membrane, and a corresponding method to remove viruses from solution are described. The membrane includes a disposable, micro-porous filter membrane and a ligand immobilized on the membrane. The ligand irreversibly and selectively binds viruses. The ligand also has a pKa sufficiently high to repel antibodies via electrostatic charge repulsion.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is provided a virus purification and formulation process for purifying a flavivirus represented by one of a a Yellow Fever Virus, Japanese Encephalitis virus, Dengue virus, and West Nile virus. The highly purified flavivirus virus product is characterized as having a low level of sucrose without significant virus loss such as that which is typically encountered by prior art virus purification processes. The disclosed process captures and purifies the virus, separating it from the host cell proteins and DNA, and leaving the host cell proteins and DNA behind. The process also can be used to inactivate and/or concentrate the virus sufficiently for use in formulations.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses modified luciferases, methods for making modified luciferases, and assays utilizing modified luciferases. Modified luciferases of the invention show increased activity over wildtype luciferases and also show increased stability of signal. The present invention also encompasses multiplex assays utilizing multiple luciferases with different emission spectra.

Abstract: The present invention relates to non-naturally occurring polypeptides useful for preparing armodafinil, polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides, and methods of using the polypeptides. The non-naturally occurring polypeptides of the present invention are effective in carrying out biocatalytic conversion of the (i) 2-(benzhydrylsulfinyl)acetamide to (?)-2-[(R)-(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide (armodafinil), or (ii) benzhydryl-thioacetic acid to (R)-2-(benzhydrylsulfinyl)acetic acid, which is a pivotal intermediate in the synthesis of armodafinil, in enantiomeric excess.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides that are derived from wildtype Bacillus subtilis S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthase or from a biologically active fragment thereof, wherein said isolated polypeptides comprise an amino acid sequence that, in relation to the amino acid sequence of said wildtype Bacillus subtilis SAM synthase or of the biologically active fragment thereof, comprises at least one amino acid substitution, selected from the group consisting of amino acid substitutions at positions I317 and I105. The present invention further relates to respective isolated nucleic acids, vectors, host cells, uses and methods for the production of SAM derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new zinc binding fusion protein that is a fusion protein of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and metallothionein (MT), to which zinc bind, providing an efficacy in preventing or treating a ROS-related disease and heavy metal poisoning.