Abstract: An air condition and lamp control system based on a light sensing of a vehicle may include an illumination sensor configured to detect an amount of irradiation of light irradiated into an interior side of the vehicle to be distinguished in a left and a right, an air condition controller configured to receive a left input voltage and a right input voltage according to the amount of irradiation of light detected by the illumination sensor and to independently compensate for left and right interior temperatures, a voltage amplifier configured to sum the left input voltage and the right input voltage which are transferred from the illumination sensor and to amplify the summed voltage to an amplified voltage, and a lamp controller configured to receive the amplified voltage amplified by the voltage amplifier, to compare the amplified voltage and a prestored lamp operation voltage, and to drive a lamp apparatus.

Abstract: A device comprising a first storage compartment, an inlet pipe connected to the storage compartment, the inlet pipe adapted to deliver conditioned air from a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system of a motor vehicle to the storage compartment, a first outlet pipe connected to the storage compartment for directing the conditioned air back into the HVAC system, a second storage compartment, and a second outlet pipe connected to the second storage compartment for directing the conditioned air into the second storage compartment.

Abstract: A connection duct has (i) a duct body that is made of a material having great flexibility, the duct body in which the conditioned air flows and (ii) core members that are made of a material having higher rigidity than the duct body and are arranged, in the duct body, along a flow direction of air, the core members that maintain a cross-sectional shape of the duct body at a specified cross-sectional shape. The core members respectively have (i) an outer plate that is located on an outer peripheral side in the curved portion, (ii) an inner plate that is located on an inner peripheral side in the curved portion, and (iii) a connection plate that connects the outer plate with the inner plate. A length of the outer plate in the flow direction is longer than a length of the inner plate in the flow direction.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for preventing snow infiltration of a vehicle HVAC system. The apparatus includes a fresh air inlet door for drawing fresh air into the vehicle HVAC system, an actuator for opening and closing that fresh air inlet door and a controller connected to the actuator and configured to close the inlet door when the ignition switch of the motor vehicle is switched off.

Abstract: A control device for the synchronous control of at least two air distribution flaps (10, 12, 14, 16) of a heating and/or air-conditioning unit (HVAC unit) of a motor vehicle has at least one first adjustment mechanism for a first air distribution flap pair (14, 16). The first adjustment mechanism comprises a first adjustment lever (30), which is rotatable about an axis of rotation and which has a first and a second arm (34, 36) extending from the axis of rotation and each having a connecting point. The first adjustment mechanism also comprises two coupling rods (44, 46), which are coupled to the arms (34, 36) at the connecting points, two flap levers (48), which are coupled to the coupling rods (44, 46), and two rotary spindles, which are coupled to the flap levers (48), of the air distribution flaps (14, 16).

Abstract: A method for operating a vehicle temperature control system includes, after activation of a vehicle heating unit (16) outputs an activation actuating command to a fan control unit (32), in response thereto the fan control unit (32) outputs a vehicle data bus disconnect command to a vehicle data bus disconnect unit (38), the vehicle data bus disconnect unit (38) disconnects a vehicle data bus (28) for providing a partial vehicle data bus (40) in response to receiving the vehicle data bus disconnect command from the fan control unit (32) and after providing the partial vehicle data bus (40), the fan control unit (32) outputs an activation actuating command to an air conditioning unit (34).

Abstract: A supplemental heating subsystem is provided for a vehicle climate control system including an air flow control door. The supplemental heating subsystem includes a controller configured to control the supplemental heating subsystem, a supplemental heating element responsive to the controller and an actuator for positioning the door responsive to the controller. In operation, the position of the door is controlled to improve the operating efficiency of the supplemental heating element.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus for a vehicle includes an air-conditioning duct that includes an air supply path through which air to be supplied into an interior of the vehicle passes, a first tank to which a cool medium and a warm medium for adjusting the temperature of a first intermediate medium are supplied, a first heat exchanger that is provided in the air-conditioning duct and through which the first intermediate medium circulates from the first tank, and a controller that controls the first intermediate medium to a temperature needed to set the interior to a desired temperature.

Abstract: A vehicle air-conditioner has a casing, a first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger. The casing forms an air passage through which air flows toward inside of a vehicle cabin. The first heat exchanger is housed in the casing and performs a sensible heat exchange between the air flowing in the air passage and a heating medium. The second heat exchanger is housed in the casing and performs a sensible heat exchange between the heating medium and air that has exchanged sensible heat in the first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively have a plurality of tubes through which the heating medium flows. A longitudinal direction of the plurality of tubes of the first heat exchanger and a longitudinal direction of the plurality of tubes of the second heat exchanger are the same direction as each other.

Abstract: A disconnect system to be connected between a DC power source formed by the battery system of a vehicle and a load comprising a chassis load of the vehicle comprises at least one relay switch and at least one thermostat switch. The at least one relay switch is electrically connected between the DC power source and the load to form a power circuit. The at least one thermostat switch is secured to a sensed portion of the load. The at least one thermostat switch is connected to the at least one relay switch to form a control circuit. The at least one relay switch is closed when current flows through the control circuit. When a temperature of the at least one thermostat switch reaches a predetermined temperature level, the at least one thermostat switch prevents current from flowing through the control circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric thermal fluid conditioning device (1) for a motor vehicle, said device (1) comprising at least two thermal modules (3a, 3b) arranged for a parallel flow of the fluid in a direction shared to both thermal modules (3a, 3b), a thermal module (3a, 3b) comprising,—an enclosure (13a, 13b), and—a core (11a, 11b) arranged inside the enclosure (13a, 13b), so as to include a guide circuit (15a, 15b) for the fluid between the core (11a, 11b) and the enclosure (13a, 13b). According to the invention, the core (11a, 11b) of a thermal module (3a, 3b) comprises at least one electric means (17) for heating the fluid, so as to allow a heat transfer between the electric heating means (17) and the fluid able to flow in the guide circuit (15a, 15b).

Abstract: This vehicle air-conditioning system is provided with a preliminary operation control means which activates preliminary operation equipment in response to a planned-boarding signal. The preliminary operation control means provides preparatory control which precedes basic control. An air-flow switching control means drives a blower motor for just a prescribed short time period, and stops the blower motor. An air-outlet switching control means sets an air outlet in a position other than a face blowing position, and stands by. A compressor control means drives a compressor for just a prescribed short time period, and stops the compressor. An electric-heater control means allows the passage of current to an electric heater for 10 minutes, and subsequently stops the passage of current to the electric heater.

Abstract: A vehicle air-conditioning apparatus includes a case including an air passage therein and a filter arrangement area provided in the air passage for arranging a filter. The case includes a drain port provided on a bottom portion of a downstream-side air passage in the filter arrangement area; an insertion port provided on a side surface of the case and configured to allow insertion of the filter into the filter arrangement area a water receiving portion provided on a bottom portion of an upstream air passage in the filter arrangement area; a drain channel passing below the filter arrangement area and configured to introduce water from the water receiving portion to the drain port; and a waterproof wall that covers a lower corner portion on the insertion port side of an upstream-side boundary of the filter arrangement areas. The waterproof wall is increased in height toward the insertion port.

Abstract: A motor vehicle (1) with a passenger compartment (3) and a motor chamber (2). A substantially closed area (7) is arranged in the motor chamber (2), and the area (7) is connected to the passenger compartment (3) via at least one first air outlet opening (18) in order to supply air from the area (7) into the passenger compartment (3). The area (7) is additionally connected to the air outside of the motor vehicle (1) via at least one air inlet opening (13) in order to supply air from outside of the motor vehicle into the area (7). Furthermore, the area (7) is connected to at least one second air outlet opening (14) in order to discharge air out of the area (7).

Abstract: An air vent is disposed between an air circulation device and an interior space is described, and includes a housing defining a first chamber in fluidic communication with a second chamber, wherein the first chamber includes a fluidic inlet in fluidic communication with the air circulation device and the second chamber includes a fluidic outlet in fluidic communication with the interior space. A first airflow control vane is disposed in the first chamber to direct the airflow from the air circulation device in a first direction. A second airflow control vane is disposed in the second chamber to direct the airflow in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. A single operator-directed device is operatively coupled to the first airflow control vane and the second airflow control vane, and is disposed to independently adjust the positions of the first and second airflow control vanes.

Abstract: Provided is a louver, which in particular has an elongated form, and to an air vent having at least one louver. The louver has a front region that takes up an entire longitudinal direction and a back region, wherein the front region and the back region are made of materials that differ in mechanical properties. The material of the front region preferably has a relatively high flexural stiffness in a longitudinal direction (x), whereas the material used for the back region has a flexural stiffness that is significantly lower than the flexural stiffness of the front region. The back region of the louver is longer than the front region in a transverse direction (y).

Abstract: A spring for sun visors includes a torque application section that extends from a holding section and applies torque when a main section is rotating. The holding section has a flat section that receives torque from a shaft. The torque application section has a first spring piece extending from one end of the holding section and a second spring piece extending from the other end of the holding section and being bent so as to fold back. The first spring piece has a first tip section that includes overhanging sections that are narrower than the width of the holding section. The second spring piece has a second tip section that is arranged so as to overlap on the outside of the overhanging sections. The overhanging sections are provided in an area extending from the torque receiving section to the first tip section.

Abstract: In a method for operating a dazzle protection system for a vehicle, an image of the head of a vehicle occupant is acquired via a video sensing device and is compared with a reaction s pattern typical of dazzling.

Abstract: An accessory is provided that attaches to an existing zippered golf cart. The accessory includes strips that zip-attach to the mating components of an existing zipper. The strips of the accessory include mating magnets that release upon outward pressure so that a door panel can be easily opened, yet the magnets magnetically automatically reattach when the door panel is released. This makes it exceptionally easy to ingress and egress the golf cart.

Abstract: An inner door panel (30) for a vehicle side door that includes an integrated side impact beam (70) formed as part of the door in a die casting process. The inner door panel (30) includes an outer frame having a top rail (38), a bottom rail (40), an inner side rail (42) and an outer side rail (44) defining a central opening (34). The impact beam (70) includes a main beam portion (72), a first end support portion (74) and a second end support portion (78). The first end support portion is formed to the side rail (42) and the second end support portion (78) is formed to the outer side rail (44), where the main beam portion (72) extends across the opening (34).

Abstract: A carrier component for a vehicle, e.g. in the form of an assembly or module carrier for a vehicle door is provided. The carrier component comprises a sealing channel at least in a protruding region in which a portion for a functional component protruding beyond the edge of the carrier base surface or for a functional component arranged to protrude from the carrier component extends across the sealing channel in cross-section is formed by at least two legs which each define an outer edge of the sealing channel and whose ends lie in a channel plane which extends inclined relative to a carrier plane defined by the carrier base surface, so that the sealing channel is open in a direction in space defining the carrier plane and a seal also can easily be injection-molded to the carrier component in the protruding region.

Abstract: A sunroof transmission assembly includes a housing, a first gear set supported by the housing, and a first motor attached to the housing and disposed in meshing engagement with the first gear set. A first flexible cable drive is disposed in meshing engagement with a first output gear of the first gear set, and is operable to move a first sunroof component in response to a rotational output from the first motor. A second gear set is supported by the housing. A second motor is attached to the housing, and is disposed in meshing engagement with the second gear set. A second flexible cable drive is disposed in meshing engagement with a second output gear of the second gear set, and is operable to move a second sunroof component in response to a rotational output from the second motor.

Abstract: A sunroof wind deflector for a vehicle includes a leading edge, a trailing edge and an outer surface extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge. The outer surface has a radius of curvature that changes along a length thereof so as to attenuate shear layer spreading.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a vehicle window component and a vehicle window component, wherein the method for manufacturing the vehicle window comprises: providing a vehicle window substrate and an elastic body; adhering the elastic body to a surface of the vehicle window substrate, wherein the surface is close to a lateral side of the vehicle window substrate; and implementing an injection molding process for forming an encapsulation, wherein the injection molding process is performed at an injection molding temperature lower than a melting temperature of the elastic body. The method for manufacturing a vehicle window component and the vehicle window component provided by the present disclosure may have no shrink mark.

Abstract: A weather strip of a sunroof device includes: an attachment portion which extends over the entire circumference along a circumferential edge portion of an opening formed in a roof of a vehicle, is made of a solid material, and is mounted on the roof in a state of being engaged with the roof; a sealing portion made of a sponge material, which protrudes toward the opening from the attachment portion, liquid-tightly comes into contact with an opening end edge of the opening, protrudes from the attachment portion toward a roof panel that closes the opening, and liquid-tightly comes into contact with a panel end edge of the roof panel; and a die molding portion which is disposed in a corner portion and is made of the sponge material.

Abstract: An automated vehicle sunshade includes a compartment mountable to a roof of a vehicle, a flexible shade, a plurality of rods coupled to the flexible shade and a drive device coupled to the plurality of rods and a spindle coupled to the flexible shade and operable by the drive device. The plurality of rods are retractable and extendable so that the sunshade repeatably alternates between an extended position and a retracted position. In the retracted position, the flexible shade, plurality of rods and drive device are enclosed within the compartment. The sunshade also rotates the spindle by operation of the drive device to allow the shade to extend and retract without snagging, tearing and to easily fit within the compartment.

Abstract: A vehicle battery mounting structure has: a battery frame lower member that is made of resin, and that is disposed at vehicle transverse direction inner sides of energy absorbing members provided at a lower side of a floor panel, and that, together with a battery frame upper member, structures a battery frame that supports a battery; a lower ductile member having a lower main body portion that is joined to vehicle transverse direction outer side end portions of the battery frame lower member, and lower flange portions that are fixed to a bottom surface side of the floor panel; and inclined walls that are formed at vehicle transverse direction outer side end portions of the battery frame lower member, and that are inclined from vehicle transverse direction outer upper sides toward vehicle transverse direction inner lower sides.

Abstract: A mounting structure for a power unit of a utility vehicle. The power unit includes: a body part; an output shaft extending in frontward and rearward directions through the body part; a first attaching member provided with a first damper and attaching a lower end part of the body part to a vehicle body frame of the utility vehicle; and a torque rod located in an upper part of the body part and constructed between the body part and the vehicle body frame so as to restrict rolling of the body part in vehicle width directions. A body side attaching part of the torque rod, attached to the body part, is located on an extension line of a compression axis direction of the first damper in side view of the power unit.

Abstract: A vehicle engine cooling arrangement comprising a fan, a radiator and a mounting plate. The plate provides a fan mounting surface and a radiator mounting surface so that the fan and radiator are in a spaced arrangement. The plate extends from under the fan at the front of the vehicle to under the radiator downstream of the fan and guides air from the fan to the radiator.

Abstract: A structure for mounting a diesel oxidation catalyst device to a generator motor includes: a generator motor arranged between an engine and a hydraulic pump; a diesel oxidation catalyst device mounted on an upper part of the generator motor; and a bracket provided between the generator motor and the diesel oxidation catalyst device and adapted to separately arrange the diesel oxidation catalyst device above the generator motor, wherein a boss with screw hole erecting upward is formed on an upper part of a generator motor housing, and a lower part of the bracket is fastened to the boss with screw hole with a bolt.

Abstract: A valve assembly that may be used on and/or retrofitted to various float valves. In certain embodiments, the valve assembly comprises or includes: a relief valve configured to be movable between a closed position and an open position to allow pressure from a container to be relieved through at least one relief hole; a breather float configured to be movable between an open position to allow gas to pass through at least one breather hole and a closed position that substantially prevents liquid from passing through the at least one breather hole; and at least one or more of the following: a check valve that is movable between a closed position and an open position to allow gas to be relieved from the container when the container is being filled with liquid; and a breather check valve that is movable between a closed position and an open position to allow filter gas to enter the container when liquid is being removed from the container.

Abstract: A filler neck assembly includes a supporting pan designed to be fixed at the inlet of a liquid tank positioned on a motor vehicle and said supporting pan having a central through hole mainly formed about a central axis. The filler neck assembly also includes a tubular part that is positioned in said central through hole and said tubular pan having a longitudinal axis. The filler neck assembly further includes a first abutment area and a second abutment area attached to one part which is selected between the supporting part and the tubular part, and a contacting area attached to the other part which is selected between the tubular part and the supporting part such that said contacting area can cooperate with one or other of the first and second abutment areas.

Abstract: An arrangement of a vehicle is provided having normal transverse engine/transmission normal two-wheel drive operation which can be selectively placed into four-wheel drive operation wherein a pump which powers the coupling or uncoupling is independent of the transmission lubrication pump and is powered by the transmission.

Abstract: An information playback system in a vehicle having a processor designed to generate a video or control signal and provide this signal to a display device so that the video or control signal causes a playback of at least two different contents in two adjoining subsurfaces of a display surface in a display device. The processor generates the video or control signal so that a boundary between the two subsurfaces can be shifted based on a selection detected by the display unit, or based on an approach detected by a display unit, or based on a predefined movement detected by an input device, resulting in modification of the ratio of the surface portions of the two subsurfaces on the display surface of the display device.

Abstract: System and method for using an interior display device in a vehicle. The interior display device includes a projection device and a controller. The controller is configured to receive a plurality of vehicle parameters and determine an expected location within an interior of the vehicle based on the plurality of vehicle parameters. The expected location corresponds to an interior area of the vehicle where a driver would be expected to look. The controller is further configured to select an image (515, 520) based on the plurality of vehicles parameters and operate the projection device to project the image at the expected location within the interior of the vehicle.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to a method of controlling an HMI-apparatus for providing information to a driver of a vehicle for aiding driver control of a vehicle when the vehicle is wading in a body of water. The method includes determining a measured depth of water about the actual vehicle and determining a display depth, dependent upon the measured depth of water. The method also includes measuring a lateral and/or longitudinal gradient of the actual vehicle and selecting a display vehicle position from a limited number of available options of display vehicle positions based upon the measured lateral and/or longitudinal gradient of the actual vehicle. In this way the HMI-apparatus can output a simplified picture of the actual vehicle scenario which may be easier for the driver to assimilate.

Abstract: An operator controls a combination instrument of a vehicle where the combination instrument has a display device for displaying a piece of information. Also in the vehicle are a bracket for detachably holding a mobile electronic apparatus, an interface for transmitting signals to the mobile electronic apparatus and for identifying whether there is a mobile electronic apparatus in the bracket, and an operator control device for operator control of the mobile electronic apparatus. Additionally, a processing device is set up to automatically process operator control inputs on the operator control device for operator control of the combination instrument according to whether a mobile electronic apparatus is in the bracket.

Abstract: A control system of a vehicle includes a receiver disposed in the vehicle and operable to wirelessly receive signals generated by a portable garage door opening module when the portable garage door opening module is actuated. The portable garage door opening module includes a separate, non-integrated portable remote control garage door opening module. A control, responsive to the receiver wirelessly receiving signals generated by the portable garage door opening module, controls an accessory of the vehicle.

Abstract: For testing a traction battery (5) of an electric vehicle (1), which battery is both chargeable and dischargeable via a charging-discharging interface (2), a control command for initiating a discharging process of the traction battery (5) is generated. The discharging process is monitored by a testing apparatus (10). At least one characteristic quantity of the traction battery (5) is determined depending on the monitored discharging process.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an electric storage device, an inlet, and a bidirectional thyristor. The bidirectional thyristor includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode is connected to the inlet and the second electrode is connected to the electric storage device. The bidirectional thyristor is configured to cause a DC current to flow in a direction from the first electrode to the second electrode in a charging mode and to cause a DC current to flow in a direction from the second electrode to the first electrode in a discharging mode. The charging mode is a mode in which DC power supplied from the charging and discharging device is stored in the electric storage device and the discharging mode is a mode in which DC power of the electric storage device is supplied to the charging and discharging device.

Abstract: A vehicle executing a turn will most likely be slowed down before the turn and when a driver activates a turn signal to indicate the turn, a vehicle internal controller uses this information to engage regenerative braking for energy recapture while slowing down the vehicle for the pending turn. Since the turn signal is usually activated very early in the turn event, and turns are an ongoing, frequent part of driving, a greater overall vehicle efficiency can be realized without special effort from the driver. Implementation is relatively simple for the manufacturer and adds no cost since the controllers and sensors are already installed on nearly all roadworthy vehicles. Fuel mileage and vehicle driving ranges are improved on a large scale and brake system wear is reduced.

Abstract: A vehicle power source includes a first switch, a second switch, a connection point, and a failure determiner. The first switch is switched between conductive/cut-off states of a generator and a first power storage. The second switch is switched between conductive/cut-off states of the generator and a second power storage. The connection point couples a first conduction path, a second conduction path, and a third conduction path to one another, in which the first conduction path is coupled to a positive electrode terminal of the first power storage. The failure determiner executes failure determination processing that involves determining a failure in one or both of the first switch and the second switch, based on control signals of the first switch and the second switch, and a current and a potential of the first conduction path.

Abstract: A vehicle power source includes: a generator coupled to an engine; a first power storage coupled to the generator; a second power storage coupled, in parallel with the first storage, to the generator, in which a terminal voltage of the second power storage is lower than a terminal voltage of the first power storage; and a charge and discharge controller that controls a generated voltage of the generator and controls charge and discharge of the first power storage. The charge and discharge controller raises the generated voltage to a voltage higher than the terminal voltage of the first power storage, to cause power supply from the generator to the first power storage. The charge and discharge controller lowers the generated voltage to a voltage lower than the terminal voltage of the first power storage, to cause power supply from the first power storage to an electric load.

Abstract: A non-contact power supply control unit supplies power in a non-contact manner from a power transmission coil to a power reception coil to charge a battery of a vehicle. A contact power supply unit is electrically connected via a cable to a connection terminal of the vehicle to supply power to its battery. A controller controls the non-contact power supply control unit and the contact power supply unit. When the battery of a first vehicle is being charged by one non-contact power supply system of the non-contact power supply control unit and the contact power supply system of the contact power supply unit, and there is a request from a second vehicle for a power supply by another power supply system, the power supply by one power supply system is continued and the power supply by the other power supply system is put on standby.

Abstract: A power reception device includes a flat plate-like core and a coil spirally wound around the core and having a winding central axis extending in a horizontal direction. The coil is formed like a flat plate to have a longer side portion and a shorter side portion when the coil is viewed in cross section at a plane perpendicular to an extending direction of the coil. The coil is wound around the core such that the longer side portion faces a surface of the core. Therefore, the thickness of the power reception device can be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inductive energy transfer system and a method for the diagnosis of a foreign object detection of an inductive energy transfer system. For this purpose, a defined fault is introduced into the region to-be-monitored between primary coil and secondary coil of the inductive energy transfer system, and the response of the foreign object detection to said defined fault is then evaluated.

Abstract: A device (1) for the contactless charging of an electrical energy storage (2) of a motor vehicle has at least one primary coil (3) arranged in a bottom housing (4) and connected to an electrical power supply. The device (1) is formed so that alternating current flowing in the primary coil (3) can generate an alternating magnetic field (10) to induce an alternating electrical voltage in a secondary coil (6) on the vehicle that is separated from the primary coil (3) by an air gap. Thus, a current flow that is variable over time and can be converted by a rectifier means on the vehicle into a direct current for charging the electrical energy storage connected to the rectifier means. The at least one primary coil (3) is connected to the bottom housing (4) in such a way to yield mechanically under the effect of an external compressive force.

Abstract: A parking assistance system is provided which includes: a parking assistance apparatus that is installed along with a wireless power-supplying device and has a plurality of exciting coils installed around a power-supplying coil provided for the wireless power-supplying device and a plurality of resonators connected to the respective exciting coils and set to resonate due to leakage magnetic flux of the power-supplying coil; and a movable vehicle that detects magnetic flux generated by the exciting coils provided for the parking assistance apparatus, determines a position of the movable vehicle based on a result of the detection and displays the position on a display device.

Abstract: Adapter for the electric charging of an electric vehicle according to a vehicle-side plug-in charging system at a charging station according to a station-side plug-in charging system that is different from the vehicle-side plug-in charging system, the adapter having a charging socket according to the station-side plug-in charging system, a charging plug according to the vehicle-side plug-in charging system, a data interface according to a data communications technology of the vehicle-side plug-in charging system, and a data interface according to a data communications technology of the station-side plug-in charging system.

Abstract: A method according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, conditioning a battery assembly of an electrified vehicle to a desired thermal level in a manner that extends useful life of the battery assembly, the conditioning step including heating or cooling the battery assembly with a thermal management system operable during both vehicle ON conditions and vehicle OFF conditions.