Abstract: Skeleton nanoparticles and method of forming the same. The skeleton nanoparticles comprise silica shells. Each of the silica shells has a shape of a cubic frame formed of six faces as a whole. The cubic frame is hollow inside and pores are formed between quadrilateral silica frames on respective faces of the cubic frame. The method comprising: coating an organic acid on surfaces of calcium carbonate particles; dispersing the organic acid-coated calcium carbonate particles in an organic solvent that dissolves a part of the organic acid in the organic acid-coated calcium carbonate particles, and further mixing a silicon alkoxide and a base catalyst to form silica-forming particles by forming the silica shell along an edge of the calcium carbonate particles; and dissolving the calcium carbonate at an inside of the silica-forming particles by an acid treatment.

Abstract: There is provided a DDR-type zeolite powder composed of fine particles and exhibits a particle size distribution where the majority of the particles have particle diameters converging in the vicinity of the mean particle diameter, and a process for the production of the same. Specifically provided is a process for the production of a DDR-type zeolite powder, which comprises a step of heat-treating a raw material solution at 100 to 180° C., and thereby growing crystals until the mean particle diameter reaches to a level of 0.1 ?m or more and below 2.5 ?m.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a method for preparing NES framework type zeolites using a colloidal aluminosilicate composition in the presence of an N-cyclopentyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium cation as a structure directing agent.

Abstract: A process for producing ammonium nitrate is disclosed, which process comprises exposing a gaseous oxidizer feed composed at least substantially of ammonia, steam and an oxidizing gas to conditions whereby the ammonia is oxidized to produce a reaction mixture including nitrogen monoxide and water vapor. The reaction mixture is cooled in a heat exchanger whereby the nitrogen monoxide is oxidized, the water vapor is condensed and the products of the nitrogen monoxide oxidation react with and are absorbed by the condensed water to form a nitric acid stream, with substantially all of the nitrogen monoxide in the reaction mixture being converted to nitric acid. The nitric acid stream is reacted with a stream of ammonia to form the ammonium nitrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cathode active material, method for preparing same, and a lithium secondary battery having same, and more specifically, to a composite cathode active material, a method for preparing same, and a lithium secondary battery having same, the composite cathode active material having excellent lifespan characteristics and charge/discharge characteristics due to the stabilization of crystal structure, and thermostability even in high temperatures.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp assembly for a fluid treatment system. The lamp assembly can include an inductive secondary, first and second electrodes coupled to the inductive secondary, and a lamp including a dielectric barrier interposed between the first and second electrodes. The dielectric barrier can define a discharge chamber including a discharge gas, and one of the first and second electrodes can extend within the discharge chamber. The inductive secondary can be adapted to receive power from a nearby inductive primary to promote a dielectric barrier discharge in the discharge chamber. The resulting dielectric barrier discharge can generate ultraviolet light for the treatment of air or water, or for other applications.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems for removing particulate matter from a fluid, comprising a particle functionalized by attachment of at least one activating group or amine functional group, wherein the modified particle complexes with the particulate matter within the fluid to form a removable complex therein. The particulate matter has preferably been contacted, complexed or reacted with a tethering agent. The system is particularly advantageous to removing particulate matter from a fluid waste stream following mining or ore processing operations.

Abstract: A method of precipitating scale from water includes providing an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell includes a primary cathode chamber including a first electrode therein, a primary anode chamber including a second electrode therein, and a cation exchange membrane separating the primary cathode chamber from the primary anode chamber. A flow of feed water is split into separate input flows to each of the primary cathode chamber and the primary anode chamber. The pH of the water in the primary anode chamber is reduced by electrolysis. The pH of water in the primary cathode chamber is increased by electrolysis, and cations are removed from the water in the primary cathode chamber by forming scale on the first electrode in the primary cathode chamber. Separate treated water output flows, from each of the primary cathode chamber and primary anode chamber, are combined into a combined conditioned water flow.

Abstract: An oxidizer generating apparatus comprising a cylindrical housing and an electrode assembly attached at one end of the housing comprising at least three vertically disposed electrodes, the electrodes being spaced apart so as to define a water flow path between them, the electrodes comprising titanium outer electrodes and at least one inner diamond electrode.

Abstract: The present invention is a system and method for treating a wastewater stream to produce an effluent having an acceptable level of turbidity. The invention comprises a controller operatively coupled to at least one turbidity meter for monitoring turbidity of the effluent stream. A plurality of chemical treatment additive pumps are provided for providing a plurality of additives to the wastewater stream. Furthermore, a method of sequentially testing the amount of each additive required to produce an effluent stream having an acceptable turbidity is disclosed.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for a barge having an aeration system incorporated therein. A floatatable barge unit containing multiple built-in aerators wherein the barge has a ballast system which makes its draft variable. The unit is designed to draw fluid water from virtually any depth below the barge. Incorporated at various locations in the barge is an aeration system that includes aerators having a concave surface at the top of a fluid intake chamber for diverting aerated fluid away from the enclosure of the aerator.

Abstract: A plant for melting glass or rock including: a first melting tank including a batch material inlet, a heater that makes it possible to heat the batch materials until a liquid glass is obtained; a liquid glass outlet; and downstream of the melting tank, a second heating tank including metallic walls that are not covered with refractory insulating materials and that include a system of internal ducts allowing circulation of a coolant, a plurality of injectors of submerged burners, and a liquid glass outlet, in a form of an overflow, which limits a height of the glass bath in the heating tank to a value between 50 mm and 300 mm. A process for melting glass or rock uses such a melting plant.

Abstract: An apparatus for conveying glass sheets on an air support table, which is included in a heating furnace and provided with blast apertures and exhaust apertures, and in which the blast apertures are connected to a plenum chamber present underneath the air support table. The exhaust apertures are connected to exhaust passages present inside the table. The exhaust passages have at least one of their ends provided with a gate/gates capable of being opened and closed, by means of which the flow of air from the exhaust passages' ends adjacent to the gate/gates can be completely or partially blocked.

Abstract: A glass base material elongating method of elongating a glass base material to make a diameter of the glass base material smaller by connecting a pulling dummy at an end of the glass base material and then gripping and pulling the pulling dummy with a pair of rollers that grip or release the pulling dummy is provided. The method includes forming a rough surface part on the pulling dummy before elongating the glass base material. The rough surface part may be formed by grinding the pulling dummy. Also, the rough surface part of the pulling dummy may have a roughness of 5 ?m or more.

Abstract: Processes and systems for producing glass fibers having regions devoid of glass using submerged combustion melters, including feeding a vitrifiable feed material into a feed inlet of a melting zone of a melter vessel, and heating the vitrifiable material with at least one burner directing combustion products of an oxidant and a first fuel into the melting zone under a level of the molten material in the zone. One or more of the burners is configured to impart heat and turbulence to the molten material, producing a turbulent molten material comprising a plurality of bubbles suspended in the molten material, the bubbles comprising at least some of the combustion products, and optionally other gas species introduced by the burners. The molten material and bubbles are drawn through a bushing fluidly connected to a forehearth to produce a glass fiber comprising a plurality of interior regions substantially devoid of glass.

Abstract: A method for treating cement kiln dust is provided. The method includes the steps of receiving cement kiln dust (CKD) from a kiln; heating the collected CKD; forming a gas stream of vaporized metal and CKD by sufficient heating to separate at least one heavy metal from the collected CKD stream to create a cleaned CKD stream and a metal stream; providing a water soluble alkaline-earth metal polysulfide; combining the heavy metal stream with the water soluble alkaline-earth metal sulfide to create a combined stream; and removing at least a portion of one heavy metal from the combined stream.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a composite material, the method comprising: (i) providing a ceramic powder comprising ceramic agglomerates, the agglomerates having an intra-agglomerate void volume space; (ii) providing a polymer; (iii) mixing the polymer with the ceramic powder to form a mixture comprising the agglomerates at least partially impregnated with the polymer, wherein the volume of polymer in the mixture is at least 80% of the total intra-agglomerate void volume space, but less than 130% of the total intra-agglomerate void volume space; (iv) optionally shaping the mixture to form a preform; (v) and treating the mixture to provide ceramic agglomerates which are at least partially impregnated with solid polymer.

Abstract: Methods for embedding photocatalytic titanium dioxide in concrete surfaces to reduce pollutants via photocatalytic reactions are provided herein. One method includes applying an amount of concrete treatment compound to an upper surface of the concrete, the concrete treatment compound comprising a mixture of a liquid carrier compound with a titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst.

Abstract: A method for the production of an agent for enhancing soil growth is described, comprising: grinding a biomass feedstock to produce ground biomass particles; subjecting the ground biomass particles to a biofractioning process including an auger reactor; selectively collecting at least one volatile component as it is released from the ground biomass particles; collecting a last remaining nonvolatile component comprising BMF char; rendering a surface of the BMF char hydrophilic; exposing the BMF char to microorganisms; and adding the BMF char to soil.

Abstract: A method is described for rendering char from a biomass fractionator apparatus (BMF char) suitable for addition to soil in high concentrations, the method relying on multiple processes comprising removing detrimental hydrocarbons from BMF char, removing adsorbed gases from BMF char, introducing microorganisms to the BMF char, and adjusting. soil pH.

Abstract: Catalytic process for the partial conversion of a gaseous mixture containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen into a mixture of hydrocarbons, including bringing the said gaseous mixture into contact with a solid catalyst, the solid catalyst having a porous support with a composite material including SiC and a titanium carbide and/or a titanium oxide, and an active phase. The support is prepared in the form of grains, beads, or extrudates, or in the form of cylinders or sheets of cellular foam.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting the polymerization of cyclopentadiene compounds (B) by contacting the cyclopentadiene compound with a quinone methide compound (A) of structure (I), Compositions (AB) comprising (A) and (B) are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic light emitting device comprising a first electrode, at least one organic layer and a second electrode, laminated successively, in which at least one layer of the organic layer has a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as a core and comprises at least one of a derivative in which a substituted or unsubstituted C2-30 cycloalkane, or a substituted or unsubstituted C5-50 polycycloalkane is directly fused to the core or fused to a substituent of the core; and a new organic compound usable in the organic light emitting device. Furthermore, the present invention provides a charge carrier extracting, injecting or transporting material which has a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as a core and comprises a derivative in which a substituted or unsubstituted C2-30 cycloalkane, or a substituted or unsubstituted C5-50 polycycloalkane is directly fused to the core or fused to a substituent of the core.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in part, to the discovery that the presence of HF in a HCFC-244bb feedstream in a reaction for the preparation of HFO-1234yf results in selectivity changeover from HFO-1234yf to HCFO-1233xf. By substantially removing HF, it is shown that the selectivity to HFO-1234yf via dehydrochlorination of HCFC-244bb is improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new types of processes for the improved preparation of homofarnesol, in particular of (3E,7E)-homofarnesol and homofarnesol preparations with an increased content of (3E,7E)-homofarnesol (also referred to as all E-homofarnesol).

Abstract: A method for supplying reaction gases in which at least a material to be oxidized and a gas containing molecular oxygen are mixed and the resultant mixture is supplied to a catalytic gas-phase oxidation reactor, characterized in that, a feed rate of the material to be oxidized and a feed rate of the gas containing molecular oxygen are adjusted so that when a composition of a gas at the inlet of the catalytic gas-phase oxidation reactor is changed from a composition A point [the concentration of the material to be oxidized: R(a), and the concentration of oxygen: O(a)] represented by plotting a concentration of the material to be oxidized and a concentration of oxygen in the gas at said inlet to a composition B point [R(b) and O(b)] [the composition A point and the composition B point are compositions outside an explosion range, and R(a)?R(b) and O(a)?O(b)], compositions on the way of the change from the composition A point to the composition B point fall outside the explosion range.

Abstract: The invention provides improved energy content in and shaft power recovery from off-gas from xylene oxidation reactions while at the same time minimizing wastewater treatment cost. More shaft power is produced using off-gas than is required to drive the main air compressor, even with preferred, relatively low oxidation temperatures. Simultaneously, an amount of wastewater greater than byproduct water from oxidation of xylene is kept in vapor form and treated along with off-gas pollutants in a self-sustaining (self-fueling) gas-phase thermal oxidative destruction unit. Optionally, off-gas is combined from multiple xylene oxidation reactors, comprising primary and/or secondary oxidation reactors and forming TPA and/or IPA. Optionally, air compressor condensate and caustic scrubber blowdown are used in a TPA process or as utility water, effectively eliminating normal flow of liquid wastewater effluent from a TPA plant.

Abstract: The invention provides improved energy content in and shaft power recovery from off-gas from xylene oxidation reactions while at the same time minimizing wastewater treatment cost. More shaft power is produced using off-gas than is required to drive the main air compressor, even with preferred, relatively low oxidation temperatures. Simultaneously, an amount of wastewater greater than byproduct water from oxidation of xylene is kept in vapor form and treated along with off-gas pollutants in a self-sustaining (self-fueling) gas-phase thermal oxidative destruction unit. Optionally, off-gas is combined from multiple xylene oxidation reactors, comprising primary and/or secondary oxidation reactors and forming TPA and/or IPA. Optionally, air compressor condensate and caustic scrubber blowdown are used in a TPA process or as utility water, effectively eliminating normal flow of liquid wastewater effluent from a TPA plant.

Abstract: The invention provides improved energy content in and shaft power recovery from off-gas from xylene oxidation reactions while at the same time minimizing wastewater treatment cost. More shaft power is produced using off-gas than is required to drive the main air compressor, even with preferred, relatively low oxidation temperatures. Simultaneously, an amount of wastewater greater than byproduct water from oxidation of xylene is kept in vapor form and treated along with off-gas pollutants in a self-sustaining (self-fueling) gas-phase thermal oxidative destruction unit. Optionally, off-gas is combined from multiple xylene oxidation reactors, comprising primary and/or secondary oxidation reactors and forming TPA and/or IPA. Optionally, air compressor condensate and caustic scrubber blowdown are used in a TPA process or as utility water, effectively eliminating normal flow of liquid wastewater effluent from a TPA plant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising a mixed oxide of vanadium, titanium, and phosphorus. The titanium component is derived from a water-soluble, redox-active organo-titanium compound. The catalyst composition is highly effective at facilitating the vapor-phase condensation of formaldehyde with acetic acid to generate acrylic acid, particularly using an industrially relevant aqueous liquid feed. Additionally, the catalyst composition is catalytically active towards the formation of acrylic acid from methylene diacetate and methacrylic acid from methylene dipropionate; both reactions are carried out with high space time yields.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for producing an beta-lactone product. The method includes the steps of: reacting an epoxide, a solvent with a carbonylation catalyst and carbon monoxide to produce a reaction stream comprising a beta-lactone then separating a portion of the beta-lactone in the reaction stream from the solvent and carbonylation catalyst to produce: i) a beta-lactone stream with the beta-lactone, and ii) a catalyst recycling stream including the carbonylation catalyst and the high boiling solvent; and adding the catalyst recycling stream to the feed stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chromatographic separation process for recovering a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) product, from a feed mixture, which process comprises introducing the feed mixture to a simulated or actual moving bed chromatography apparatus having a plurality of linked chromatography columns containing, as eluent, an aqueous alcohol, wherein the apparatus has a plurality of zones comprising at least a first zone and a second zone, each zone having an extract stream and a raffinate stream from which liquid can be collected from said plurality of linked chromatography columns, and wherein (a) a raffinate stream containing the PUFA product together with more polar components is collected from a column in the first zone and introduced to a nonadjacent column in the second zone, and/or (b) an extract stream containing the PUFA product together with less polar components is collected from a column in the second zone and introduced to a nonadjacent column in the first zone, said PUFA product be

Abstract: A process is provided for chromatographically separating propionic acid from acrylic acid. By means of the inventive process, a reduced propionic acid content acrylic acid product is enabled having a propionic acid content comparable to acrylic acid products from the conventional two stage oxidation of propylene, but wherein the acrylic acid has been produced with a higher propionic acid content by alternative methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer, homo- or copolymer or oligomer for the photoalignment of liquid crystals, especially for the planar orientation of liquid crystals, comprising a main chain and a side chain, wherein the side chain and/or main chain comprises a polar group, compositions thereof, and its use for optical and electro optical devices, especially liquid crystal devices (LCDs).

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing two esters by reacting an aldehyde with an alcohol in the presence of a ruthenium complex compound as a catalyst. The process is particularly useful for preparing ethyl acetate and n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, or 2-ethylhexyl acetate in high yield by coupling acetaldehyde with n-butanol, i-butanol, or 2-ethylhexanol.

Abstract: The invention relates to naphthalene compounds of Formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, wherein the substituents are as described herein, and their use in medicine for the treatment of diseases, disorders associated with the modulation of calcium sensing receptor modulators (Ca SR). The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds in treating diseases disorders associated with calcium sensing receptor modulators (Ca SR) channel modulators.

Abstract: Ionomers comprising ionic groups such as, for example, tetraalkylammonium groups and methods of making such ionomers. For example, the ionomers can be produced by ring opening metathesis polymerization of alkene-containing monomers with tetraalkylammonium groups and, optionally, alkene-containing monomers without tetraalkylammonium groups. The ionomers can be used in applications such as, for example, fuel cell applications.

Abstract: Described are dye fixative agents, comprising an ether compound, including salts, of Formula I: wherein, R1 is, independently at each occurrence, C1-C6 alkyl; R2 and R3, are, independently at each occurrence, optionally substituted C6 alkyl; and X is, independently at each occurrence, CI, Br, or I.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-branched Mannich base corrosion inhibitor and the method for preparing thereof. The method comprises (1) adding 3˜7 moles ketone and 3˜7 moles aldehyde to reaction kettle, adjusting pH to 2˜6 with acid, controlling temperature to 20˜50° C. and stirring for 20˜30 mins; (2) adding 1 mole organic polyamine to the reaction kettle under stirring, or adding the pH-adjusted ketone, aldehyde and organic solvent to organic polyamine, controlling temperature to 60˜90° C. and reacting for 1˜3 hrs, and after completion of the reaction, heating the system to 110° C. under nitrogen to remove water; the organic polyamine is organic compound comprising three or more primary amine groups and/or secondary amine groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to a resolution process for the preparation of fluoroleucine alkyl esters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to L-glutamate-derived compounds of general formula (I) in which the R radical is a linear or branched C5 to C2 alkyl group, .—or the benzyl radical, .—or the phenethyl radical, for topical use as a medicament (or as a dermatological active ingredient) intended for the treatment and/or prevention of inflammatory dermatoses.

Abstract: (R)-2-Arylpropionamide compounds of formula (I), pharmaceutical preparations of the compounds and a process for making the compounds are described. The 2-Arylpropionamides of the invention are useful in the prevention and treatment of tissue damage due to the exacerbated recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes at inflammatory sites. In particular, the invention relates to the R enantiomers of omega-aminoalkylamides of 2-aryl propionic acids, of formula (I), for use as inhibitors of chemotaxis of neutrophils and monocytes induced by the C5a fraction of complement and by other chemotactic proteins whose biological activity is associated with activation of a 7-TD receptor. Selected compounds of formula (I) are dual inhibitors of both the C5a-induced chemotaxis of neutrophils and monocytes and the IL-8-induced chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for treatment and inhibition of a male subject having an Androgen Decline in Aging Male (ADAM)-associated condition, for example sexual dysfunction, decreased sexual libido, erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism, sarcopenia, osteopenia, osteoporosis, an alteration in cognition and mood, depression, anemia, hair loss, obesity, muscle loss, dry eye, memory loss, benign prostate hyperplasia and/or prostate cancer, by administering to the subject a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) compound and/or its analog, derivative, isomer, metabolite, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, pharmaceutical product, hydrate, N-oxide, pro-drug, polymorph, crystal, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oxo-nitrogenated complex of cobalt having the general formula (I) wherein the residues R1, R2, R3, X1 and X2 are as defined in the claims. Said oxo-nitrogenated complex of cobalt having general formula (I) can be advantageously used in a catalytic system for the (co) polymerization of conjugated dienes.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing 3-pentenenitrile, characterized by the following process steps: (a) isomerizing a reactant stream which comprises 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile over at least one dissolved or dispersed isomerization catalyst to give a stream 1 which comprises the at least one isomerization catalyst, 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile, 3-pentenenitrile and (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenenitrile, (b) distilling stream 1 to obtain a stream 2 as the top product which comprises 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile, 3-pentenenitrile and (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenenitrile, and a stream 3 as the bottom product which comprises the at least one isomerization catalyst, (c) distilling stream 2 to obtain a stream 4 as the top product which, compared to stream 2, is enriched in (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenenitrile, based on the sum of all pentenenitriles in stream 2, and a stream 5 as the bottom product which, compared to stream 2, is enriched in 3-pentenenitrile and 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile, based on the sum of all pentenenitriles in stream 2, (d) dis

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing granular urea and reducing ammonia emissions in a gaseous waste stream of the urea granulation process. The method includes the steps of granulating urea and generating a gaseous waste stream from the granulation of the urea, first washing the waste stream in a first scrubber dust stage to remove dust form the gaseous waste stream, and then reacting the gaseous waste stream with formaldehyde in a formaldehyde stage to generate a hexamethylenetetramine and urea-formaldehyde liquid stream, and an ammonia-reduced off-gas stream.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the removal of ammonia from the off-gas of a finishing section of a urea production plant. The method comprises contacting the off-gas with a solid adsorbent capable of physically adsorbing ammonia, particularly activated carbon or zeolite. Thereupon the solid adsorbent having ammonia adsorbed thereon is separated from the gas and regenerated by dissolving ammonia in an extraction liquid, preferably water. After separating the water from the solid adsorbent, the latter is re-used in the process.

Abstract: The present invention provides new intermediate compounds or formulae (III) and (IVa), and salts thereof, and their use in a new synthetic process for the production of 1-(2-((2,4-dimethylphenyl)thio)phenyl)piperazine (vortioxetine) an experimental drug under development for the treatment of depression and anxiety.

Abstract: A method for highly efficiently preparing high purity crystals of 2-amino-2-[2-[4-(3-benzyloxyphenylthio)-2-chloro-phenyl]-ethyl]-1,3-propanediol hydrochloride. The method involves dissolving 2-amino-2-[2-[4-(3-benzyloxyphenylthio)-2-chlorophenyl]ethyl]-1,3-propanediol in a mixed solvent comprising a solvent in which its hydrochloride is highly soluble and a solvent in which its hydrochloride is less soluble, to prepare a solution of 2-amino-2-[2-[4-(3-benzyloxyphenylthio)-2-chlorophenyl]ethyl]-1,3-propanediol; and then adding hydrochloric acid to the resulting solution with stirring, to crystallize the hydrochloride of 2-amino-2-[2-[4-(3-benzyloxyphenylthio)-2-chloro-phenyl]ethyl]-1,3-propanediol.

Abstract: The present invention provides for compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, and R10 have any of the values defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are useful as agents in the treatment of diseases and conditions, including inflammatory diseases, cancer, and AIDS. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of formula (I).