Abstract: A method is provided for producing a fiber preform for a fiber composite component, in which method a fiber arrangement is provided on a support material and the support material is held, during a forming process, by a clamping device. The method provides at least one blank made of a fiber material; orients the blank according to the direction of loading of the blank in the fiber composite component by means of an automated manipulation device; fastens the blank to the support material; and provides the support material having the fastened blank for a subsequent process.

Abstract: A closing unit of a shaping machine includes a moveable clamping plate, a push rod connected to the moveable clamping plate and having an outside profile, a divided locking nut provided with an inside profile, and a closing force mechanism for acting on the moveable mold clamping plate with a closing force. The push rod is lockable in a closed position of the locking nut by the cooperation of the inside profile and the outside profile with the closing force mechanism. For displacement of the locking nut between an opened and the closed position, a rotary drive is provided for rotation of a shaft, and at least one toothed rack cooperates with the shaft by way of a tooth arrangement and is connected to the locking nut.

Abstract: A method of remanufacturing a component including at least partially filling an internal passage architecture of a component with a salt-based protective fill; filling at least one of a multiple of cooling holes of the internal passage architecture subsequent to the at least partially filling the internal passage architecture of the component with the salt-based protective fill; and removing the salt-based protective fill subsequent to filling at least one of the multiple of cooling holes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for making hollow foam balls and other molded objects. A mold is provided that is moveable between an open position and a closed position. A raw material is loaded into a plurality of molding cavities of the mold when the mold is in its open position, and a first alternating electric field is applied across the mold to heat the raw material in the molding cavities and thereby form a plurality of molded pieces. The mold is then moved from its open position to its closed position whereby a first group of molded pieces is aligned with a second group of molded pieces. A second alternating electric field is applied across the mold to heat bond the first group of molded pieces with the second group of molded pieces and thereby form a plurality of molded objects. Finally, the mold is moved from its closed position to its open position to enable unloading of the molded objects from the mold.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are roll fed air heated flotation ovens and related thermoforming systems, assemblies, and machines that enable the corrugation-free expansion of a gas impregnated thermoplastic web passing through an oven chamber (without use of a pin-chain assembly), as well as to related methods. In an embodiment, a gas impregnated thermoplastic web is conveyed and expanded through an elongated air heated oven chamber, wherein the elongated oven chamber includes a plurality of downwardly directed heated air nozzles positioned at regular intervals along and within the upper portion of the oven chamber, and a plurality of upwardly directed heated air nozzles positioned at regular intervals along and within the lower portion of the oven chamber, but staggered apart from the downwardly directed heated air nozzles such that the gas impregnated thermoplastic material web undulates in an up and down wavelike fashion, thereby minimizing sagging, bagging, puckering, and/or buckling of the web.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an interior part of a vehicle may include a pressure sensor disposed at a position on a surface of a base of the interior part at which a foaming pressure of a foam material is detected, a tube controlling an expanding pressure, disposed on a surface of a skin layer of the interior part to press against the base, and a tube pressure controller for controlling the expanding pressure of the tube, which causes the skin layer to be pressed to the surface of the base, relative to the foaming pressure of the foam material detected by the pressure sensor during foaming of the foam material, to block leakage of the foam material.

Abstract: A method for producing a wall intended, for example, to form the wall of a tank, by pressure injecting a thermoplastic material into an injection mould, said wall comprising at least one localised reinforcing layer formed from reinforcing threads coated with a thermoplastic material compatible with the thermoplastic material forming said wall. The reinforcing layer is deposited in the injection mould at a temperature substantially equal to the ambient temperature of a workshop, and the injection temperature of the thermoplastic material forming the wall, the melting temperature of the thermoplastic material coating the reinforcing threads and the thickness of the reinforcing layer are adjusted such that the material coating the reinforcing threads is melted during the injection phase.

Abstract: The present invention molds, with simple processes, a tube which has a smaller outer diameter and is hardly bent in a folded manner. The present invention includes (i) a primary molding step of forming a primary molded body by carrying out resin molding while a reinforcing member and a core pin (4) are placed in a cavity of a first mold made up of a lower mold (30) and an upper mold (40) for primary molding and (ii) a secondary molding step of covering the reinforcing member by carrying out resin molding while the primary molded body is placed in a cavity of a second mold that has an inner diameter larger than an inner diameter of the cavity of the first mold.

Abstract: Provided are skin-forming apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a mold having a cavity defining a skin-forming space and a vent core system coupled to the mold for discharging residual gas. The vent core system includes a vent hole formed in the mold and connecting the cavity of the mold to the outside, a vent core mounted in the mold for opening an inlet of the vent hole to discharge the residual gas or closing the inlet of the vent hole to block leakage of the resin, a temperature sensor disposed in a resin flow course in the cavity while being spaced apart from the inlet of the vent hole by a predetermined distance, a controller, and a core driving unit for driving the vent core to perform opening and closing operations based on the control signal of the controller in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a screw-type low pressure injection molding machine and a method of injection molding. The outer wall of the gun barrel includes a heating body; the upper end of the gun barrel is sealed to an upper sealing block and the side wall of the upper sealing block is interconnected to the charging barrel; a screw is provided in the sealing lip of the upper end of the sealing block; the upper end of the screw is connected to a driving device and driven by this driving device; the lower end of the screw extends into the lower end of the gun barrel and the lower end of the gun barrel is sealed to the heating device; the lower end of the gun barrel is interconnected to the rubber stock chamber formed inside of the heating device.

Abstract: A mold tool having at least two parts, a first part and a second part. The first part and the second part are releasably coupled to configure an outer mold structure and an inner mold structure. The outer mold structure and inner mold structure is high strength alloy for example high strength steel. A low melt alloy is disposed within the inner mold structure as an inner material such that low melt alloy provides an evacuable interior space. The evacuable interior space surrounds and accommodates an insulated winding bar. The dimension of the insulated winding bar determines the shape and dimension of the low melt alloy in the inner mold structure.

Abstract: A two-stages hydraulic booster device for mold functional components includes a first hydraulic control one-way valve serially connected between the solenoid directional control valve and the pumping chamber of the supercharger via a first oil passage; a second hydraulic control one-way valve serially connected between the solenoid directional control valve and the pressure accumulating chamber of the supercharger via a second oil passage. The solenoid directional control valve simultaneously supplying oil to the first and second hydraulic control one-way valves via the first and second oil passages, respectively, and the pressure for opening the second hydraulic control one-way valve is larger than that of the first hydraulic control one-way valve, thereby moving the back pressure formed in the first oil passage to open the second hydraulic control one-way valve to drive the piston to transform the low pressure oil into high pressure oil to move the mold functional components.

Abstract: An injection molding apparatus for forming a gasket around an edge of a glass is provided. The injection molding apparatus includes: an injection mold die; a fixing component, disposed inside the injection mold die and adapted for fixing the glass inside the injection mold die; a detection unit, mounted to the injection molding apparatus and adapted for detecting an image or vibration of the glass; a determination unit, coupled with the detection unit and adapted for determining whether the glass breaks based on a detection result of the detection unit. The apparatus can determine whether the glass breaks, such that the risk of scratching the injection mold die by glass breaking may be reduced. Therefore, the injection molding yield can be improved, the time for repairing the injection mold die may be reduced and a service life of the injection mold die may be prolonged.

Abstract: A fiber manufacturing method includes the following steps of: dissolving a polymer in a solvent to obtain a polymer solution; spraying the polymer solution into a liquid heated to a boiling point of the solvent or higher, and evaporating the solvent to precipitate a fibrous polymer in a sealed precipitation tank, the liquid being immiscible with the polymer and the solvent; conveying the precipitated fibrous polymer in a liquid from the precipitation tank; water-rinsing the fibrous polymer conveyed in the liquid in the conveying step in a sealed water-rinsing tank; conveying the water-rinsed fibrous polymer in a liquid from the water-rinsing tank; and cooling and condensing solvent gas that is generated in the spraying step and the water-rinsing step.

Abstract: A molding apparatus includes an extrusion die having an extruding orifice and a projection forming orifice, and a rotor rotatably installed in a middle portion of the extrusion die and having a forming recess adjacent to the projection forming orifice.

Abstract: A piston device having an inlet through which the piston device can receive liquid and an outlet through which the piston device can inject pressurize liquid. A main body (28) of the piston device defines an inner chamber and an upstream duct placing the inner chamber in fluidic communication with the inlet. A valve having a valve plate, which is movable along a plate actuation path, between at least an opened position of the plate and a closed position of the plate. The plate actuation path extending at least in part inside the upstream duct.

Abstract: A method for producing a three-dimensional fiber-reinforced resin molded body by press-molding a heated and softened plate-like molding matrix using a mold, the method sequentially including: setting the matrix on a lower mold including a pad and mold main bodies by mounting a central portion of the matrix on the pad and supporting at least one end side of the matrix by at least one support protruding upward from a molding surface of at least one of the mold main bodies; bringing an upper mold and the lower mold close together to sandwich the central portion of the matrix by the pad and the upper mold; bringing the upper and lower molds still closer together to reduce the protrusion amount of the at least one support; and pressing the matrix by using the lower and upper molds to form the molded body.

Abstract: A mandrel (20, 30) defines a void geometry in a layup for a blade shell (73) via a rigid mandrel core (22, 32) and a plurality of expandable bladders (24A-F, 34A-F) attached adjacently to each other in sequence around a periphery of the core, forming an expandable outer cover on the mandrel. The bladders are controllably expandable (50, 50B, 60) individually or in proper subsets of all the bladders to adjust pressure distribution and mandrel position within the layup after closing a blade shell mold over the layup. The bladders may be transversely partitioned (104) at multiple spanwise (S) positions along the mandrel in order to define additional sets of adjustable bladders along the span of the mandrel.

Abstract: An imprint apparatus for forming a pattern of an imprint material on a substrate using a mold, includes a driving unit configured to adjust a distance and a relative tilt between the mold and the substrate, an image capturing unit configured to capture a plurality of times an interference fringe formed by illuminating the substrate via the mold in a process of enlarging a contact area between the mold and the imprint material by reducing the distance between the mold and the substrate by the driving unit, and a control unit configured to control the driving unit so as to correct the relative tilt between the mold and the substrate a plurality of times in the process based on images captured by the image capturing unit a plurality of times.

Abstract: There is provided a manufacturing method of a tank including a liner, The manufacturing method comprises (A) a process of winding fibers in a sheet-like form impregnated with a resin on a mandrel having a higher rigidity than rigidity of the liner and heating and curing the wound fibers in the sheet-like form to form a sheet layer; (B) a process of pulling out the mandrel from the sheet layer; and (C) fitting the liner into the sheet layer, after the process (B).

Abstract: A jig provided with a holding protrusion is used; a guide ring is overlaid on an outer circumferential surface of the holding protrusion; the guide ring is compressed toward an inner circumferential side through a decompression hole opened in the outer circumferential surface of the holding protrusion; the guide ring is brought into close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the holding protrusion; an adhesive is applied to an outer circumferential surface of the guide ring; the roller is overlaid on the guide ring; pressure reduction is released to return the guide ring to its original outer diameter and press the adhesive applied to the outer circumferential surface of the guide ring against an inner circumferential surface of the roller; and after adhesively fixing the guide ring to the inner circumferential surface, the roller is removed from the jig.

Abstract: A process and system for manufacturing roller blinds is provided which includes structure for performing plural steps including a first step of helically winding slat fabric about a drum, thereby forming a slat product. A second step includes moving the slat product from the drum to a platform. A third step includes winding the slat product about a roller tube to form a roller blind. A fourth step includes moving the blind from the platform to a heat treating device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plastic-welding device for connecting a first, thin-walled plastic part (6) to a second plastic part in a planar manner, comprising a hand-held mounting aid (1) and a welding head (2) that can be held in a retainer of a hand soldering iron; wherein the welding head (2) has a main body (3) and at least one welding tip (4) arranged on the main body (3); wherein the mounting aid (1) has at least one spacer (5), which can be placed onto the thin-walled plastic part (6) by means of an underside of the at least one spacer and on the surface of which the main body (3) of the welding head (2) can be supported; and wherein the at least one spacer (5) is designed in such a way that, when the main body (3) is supported on the at least one spacer (5), a depth of penetration of the at least one welding tip (4) into the plastic parts to be connected is limited to a predetermined maximum value.

Abstract: Systems and methods to improve weld quality are described. For example, certain systems and methods described use weld quality monitoring as feedback to an ultrasonic welding process to improve weld quality. Still other systems and methods provide improvement to double sided and single sided ultrasonic welding through the use of selected multiple pulses.

Abstract: Three-dimensional object bridge between virtual and physical worlds. A method, system, apparatus and/or computer-usable medium includes steps of selecting a three-dimensional item in a first state for subsequent rendering into a second state and rendering the three-dimensional item in the second state via the three-dimensional rendering apparatus. An additional step of locating a three-dimensional rendering apparatus for rendering the three-dimensional item in a second state can be included. The three-dimensional rendering apparatus can be configured as a kiosk (manned or unmanned), Internet-enabled vending machine, and the like. The first state can comprise a virtual state and the second state can comprise a physical state. Likewise, the first state can comprise a physical state and the second state can comprise a virtual state. Additionally, the three-dimensional item/object can be mapped in the first state for rendering in the second state.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing method includes using hydrogenated titanium in forming an object by additive manufacturing, the object having a first microstructure. The method includes heat treating the hydrogenated titanium and, after completing a shape of the object, dehydrogenating the object. The dehydrogenated object has a second microstructure different from the first microstructure. Also, another additive manufacturing method includes forming an object containing Ti-6Al-4V, the object having a first microstructure containing columnar structures along a build direction of the additive manufacturing and the object exhibiting mechanical property anisotropy resulting from the columnar structures. After completing a shape of the object, the method includes hydrogenating the Ti-6Al-4V, heat treating the object containing the hydrogenated titanium, and dehydrogenating the heat treated object.

Abstract: 3D Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is improved by heating the deposition nozzle with one or more non-contact heat sources. 3D FFF is also improved by cooling the deposition nozzle with one or more active cooling elements. Temperature control of the deposition nozzle is improved due to the reduction in mass of the nozzle by eliminating conductive heat elements and their associated devices, such as thermal transfer blocks. Responsiveness of the nozzle is improved by using lasers as non-contact heating sources, allow for rapid changes in temperature when necessary.

Abstract: A method for producing an X-ray detectable three-dimensional (3D) object or a part thereof using a 3D printer includes: (i) providing a composition comprising at least one 3D printing material and at least one X-ray contrast agent; (ii) providing a digital model of the object or part thereof; and (iii) printing the 3D object or part thereof from the digital model using the composition of (i), thus obtaining the X-ray detectable printed 3D object or part thereof, which can be visualized under X-ray scanning.

Abstract: A unitary deflection member and a method for making a unitary deflection member is disclosed. The method can include the steps of: providing an additive manufacturing making apparatus; providing a material for the unitary deflection member, the material being compatible for use with the additive manufacturing making apparatus; generating a 3-D digital image of objects in a repeat element of the unitary deflection member, the objects including at least a reinforcing member and at least one protuberance of the unitary deflection member; assembling the objects into a digitized file including the at least one protuberance being on said reinforcing member; importing the digitized file to make numerical control file; and depositing the material using the additive manufacturing making apparatus to make the unitary deflection member.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printing apparatus and a method for calibrating printing inaccuracy thereof are provided. A printing head of the three-dimensional printing apparatus is adapted for moving along a straight printing path on a datum plane and simultaneously feeding out forming material, so as to generate a layer object on a supporting surface of a platform. If a path distance of the straight printing path is greater than a threshold, a plurality of linear compensation relationships respectively corresponding to a plurality of first zones of the supporting surface are used for calculating a first compensation value of a starting point and a second compensation value of an ending point. If the path distance of the straight printing path is not greater than the threshold, a common compensation values is decided based on at least one of second zones and which is corresponding to the starting point and the ending point.

Abstract: An apparatus for hybrid manufacturing comprising a frame, a build plate that is adapted to move relative to the frame, a material pump that is adapted to pump one or more materials, a mixing head that is adapted to mix the one or more materials, a mixing hose that is in fluid communication with the material pump and the mixing head, a vacuum pump that is adapted to remove air from a mold, a vacuum hose that is in fluid communication with the vacuum pump and the mold, a vat that is adapted to retain a liquid, and a radiation source that is disposed adjacent to the vat. The apparatus prints the mold and fills the mold. A method comprising printing the mold with one or more mold materials, removing air from the mold, filling the mold with one or more primary materials, and dissolving the mold.

Abstract: A composite laminate such as a hat-type stringer is formed on a contoured mandrel using a combination of mechanical sweeping and vacuum forming.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material molding, having a step (A) for forming a plurality of partial preforms, each having a partial shape obtained by dividing the three-dimensional shape of a target fiber-reinforced composite material molding, by cutting a prepreg sheet containing reinforcing fibers and a matrix resin composition, and by preshaping the cut prepreg pieces; a step (B) for forming a preform having the three-dimensional shape of the target fiber-reinforced composite material molding by combining and integrating the plurality of partial preforms; and a step (C) for producing a fiber-reinforced composite material molding by compression-molding the preform, wherein the step (B) includes arranging a foamable material between the plurality of partial preforms when they are combined.

Abstract: A production system for a wind turbine component is described. The system includes an elongate mould assembly extending in a longitudinal direction, the mould assembly comprising a mould surface and having a width that varies in the longitudinal direction. First and second tracks are defined respectively on opposite longitudinal sides of the mould surface. The perpendicular distance between the respective tracks varies along the length of the track. A transport assembly is moveable relative the mould assembly in the longitudinal direction. The transport assembly includes a pair of side supports arranged to move along the respective tracks, and a gantry supported above the mould assembly by the side supports. The gantry extends transverse to the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A tire preheating apparatus includes an external preheating portion which surrounds the outside of a green tire having an easy vulcanization region and a difficult vulcanization region, and heats the green tire to a normal temperature or more from the outside of the green tire at a temperature less than the vulcanization temperature at which a vulcanization reaction is promoted in the green tire, and an internal preheating portion which is disposed inside the green tire, and heats the green tire to a normal temperature or more from the inside of the green tire at a temperature less than the vulcanization temperature. The external preheating portion includes a first tire heater which heats an outer surface of the easy vulcanization region, and a second tire heater which heats an outer surface of the difficult vulcanization region at a higher heating value than that of the first tire heater.

Abstract: Particular embodiments of the present invention include method of forming a retreaded tire. The method includes providing an unbonded retreaded tire, forming a degassing assembly by arranging a flexible degassing membrane around an outer circumference of the unbonded retreaded tire, placing the each of the one or more vacuum chambers under at least partial vacuum pressure, and performing a degassing operation by pressurizing a degassing chamber while each of the one or more vacuum chambers in the degassing assembly are at least under partial vacuum pressure. The method further includes disassembling the degassing assembly by separating the unbonded degassed tire from the flexible degassing membrane, and bonding the unbonded degassed tire to form a bonded retreaded tire by pressurizing a curing chamber and sufficiently heating the curing chamber to cure the bonding layer of the unbonded degassed tire. A tire made by a similar process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A mold apparatus includes a first pivot arm having a first mold surface, a second pivot arm having a second mold surface opposing the first mold surface, and a driving cam member having a first driving cam surface configured to engage a first driven cam surface of the first arm to pivot the first arm in a first direction, and a second driving cam surface configured to engage a second driven cam surface of the second arm to pivot the second arm in a second direction opposite the first direction. The driving cam member moves between a first position, in which the first mold surface of the first arm and the second mold surface of the second arm form a continuous mold surface, and a second position, in which the first arm and the second arm are separated to enable removal of a molded element having an undercut mold surface contour.

Abstract: A compactor that compresses the springs in at least two, preferably three different directions. One compression is achieved through actuation of a crush chamber door. At least two of the three directions of compression are perpendicular to an axis through the springs. After the final compression is performed, the compressed springs are discharged from the crush chamber in a direction parallel to the direction of the final compression.

Abstract: Provided is a coal briquette manufacturing apparatus including a material storage configured to store a plurality of materials for manufacturing coal briquette; a material mixer configured to mix the plurality of materials discharged from the material storage; a coal briquette manufacturer configured to manufacture the coal briquette by press-forming the materials mixed in the material mixer; and a conveyor provided to the material storage, the material mixer or the coal briquette manufacturer, and configured to transport the plurality of materials or the coal briquette, wherein the plurality of materials includes coal ashes, dolomite, and limestone, and a weight of the coal ashes is 70 to 80% of an entire weight of the plurality of materials.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media for dynamically adjusting sensors for use in compactors and receptacles. A receptacle first sends a signal from a transmitter on a first module in a receptacle to a receiver on a second module in the receptacle, wherein the first module is located on a first inner wall of the receptacle and the second module is located on a second inner wall of the receptacle, and wherein at least part of the first module and the second module is located a distance above a bin inside the receptacle. Next, the receptacle determines a signal-detection characteristic including a signal detection status or a number of signal pulses associated with a signal detection. Based on the signal-detection characteristic, the receptacle determines an operating condition of the receptacle, the operating condition including a fullness level or an obstruction level associated with the first or second sensors.

Abstract: A sandwich panel includes a reinforcement member having a recess formed to extend in a longitudinal direction over a predetermined length and open laterally. The thermoplastic resin core material has a rectangular flat board-like shape, and includes a protrusion which is disposed on a peripheral side surface portion thereof and which is capable of being laterally press-fit with respect to the recess. The protrusion has opposing surfaces respectively opposing mutually opposed inner surfaces of the recess, the opposing surfaces being oriented so as to protrude from the peripheral side surface portion. At least one of the opposing surfaces is provided with a plurality of protuberances disposed at an interval in the longitudinal direction. Each of the protuberances has a predetermined height from the opposing surfaces enabling the protuberances to tightly contact the inner surfaces of the recess at the time of press-fitting.

Abstract: A therapeutic or diagnostic medical product having an adhesion-enhancing surface structure, wherein the adhesion-enhancing surface structure is part of a membrane covering a cavity filled with a plastically deformable material.

Abstract: A multifunctional composition uses a unique back surfacing that is a parting agent for improved protection during storage and transportation, that protects the exposed surface from asphaltic staining and transfer of the back surfacing to the exposed or top surface of the material, that can be used on all types of asphaltic compounds including plastic and rubber modified bitumen and that can be applied using convention application techniques like heat welding, hot mopping molten asphalt or the like and cold applied mastics and cements or the like.

Abstract: A ply for fabricating composite material which includes a first tow including a plurality of fibers spread in a direction along a width of a cross section of the ply. A first sheet of enhancement performance material extends within the plurality of fibers and between a top and a bottom of the cross section of the ply.

Abstract: A solar control film can include a multilayer stack including a transparent metal layer and a dark metal layer separated by an interference layer. The solar control film can have an improved solar control factor.

Abstract: A laminated, bent, safety glass panel (30) for architectural or interior uses and a method of manufacturing such panels. The panel comprises a single heat-treated bent glass sheet, fully-tempered or heat-strengthened, forming a substrate (32) encapsulated by at least one thin, chemically-strengthened, glass veneer sheet (38). The veneer sheet (38), an alkali-aluminosilicate or other alkali-containing glass recipe strengthened by ion-exchange treatment, is cold-bent over a polymer interlayer (40) and permanently laminated to form a protective barrier on the heat-treated glass that dampens the explosive release of its internal residual stresses in the event of breakage thereby preventing particles dislodging and subsequent disintegration. The vulnerable perimeter (37) and perforation (45) edges of the veneer sheet (38) are equal in size or inset to the edges of the heat-treated substrate (32) with its deeper robust compressive stresses. Veneers may be laminated to both major substrate surfaces.

Abstract: A water-proof and dust-proof membrane assembly which has a satisfactory water-proof property, dust-proof property, sound transmission capability and air permeability, as well as excellent supporting intensity and pressure resistance is provided. A water-proof and dust-proof membrane assembly having a body and a supporting member, in which the body is an asymmetric porous structure in the form of membrane having a first surface and a second surface, the supporting member is composed of a polymeric material, includes a first contact surface and a second contact surface and the porosity (second porosity) of the supporting member is larger than the first porosity, i.e. 10% to 99.9%, and the first surface of the body and the first contact surface of the supporting member are bonded is provided.

Abstract: A polymer film for packaging at least one microorganism culture medium includes at least one layer of polyethylene terephthalate and at least one heat-sealing layer, such as polyethylene. The polymer film has an average water vapour permeability of between 10.0 g/m2×24 hours and 80.0 g/m2×24 hours.

Abstract: An anti-wear sheet for improving anti-wear performance of an object to be protected includes: a release film; a resin layer disposed on the release film and including photo-curable resin and hard particles supported by the photo-curable resin; and a light-shielding film disposed on an opposite side of the resin layer from the release film.

Abstract: A heat conductive sheet having excellent adhesion between an acrylic resin layer and a supporting sheet is provided. The heat conductive sheet includes a heat conductive resin layer including a heat conductive acrylic resin composition; and a supporting resin layer (supporting sheet) containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a styrene-vinyl isoprene block copolymer. Crosslinking of the supporting sheet with acrylic monomers of the acrylic heat conductive resin layer enables improvements in adhesion between the heat conductive resin layer and the supporting sheet.