Abstract: An apparatus and method for assisting with the combustion of fuel are described. The apparatus includes a swirler assembly and a fuel nozzle. Fuel is directed into a fuel nozzle mixing chamber and combines with air therein to form a fuel-air mixture. At least one plasma generator, at least partially within the fuel nozzle, generates an at least one of an at least partially ionized air-fuel mixture and an at least partially dissociated air-fuel mixture (“at least partially I/D air-fuel mixture”) via a plasma generator discharge. A combustion chamber inlet admits the at least partially I/D air-fuel mixture from the plasma generator into a combustion chamber internal volume. Combustion air flows through the swirler body and into the combustion chamber internal volume. Combustion of the at least partially I/D air-fuel mixture with the combustion air occurs at least partially within the combustion chamber internal volume to responsively produce products.

Abstract: A portable stove is provided. The portable stove includes an accessory port such that it may be connected to an accessory component. With such a connection, a single fuel source which provides a regulated flow of fuel may be utilized for both the portable stove and the accessory component.

Abstract: A domestic oven is provided having a hinged door with a handle. The hinged door includes at least one external glass panel coupled to one or more vertical bars defining a structure of the hinged door and an elongated element is coupled to an upper edge of the at least one external glass panel. The elongated element is positioned between the structure and the handle with at least one external glass panel interposed therein.

Abstract: A cooking oven is disclosed. The cooking oven comprises a housing having an oven cavity and an oven door for access to the oven cavity, at least one air blower for generating heated air, one or more air channels for directing the heated air from the air blower toward the oven cavity, and one or more removable air plenums, wherein each removable air plenum is connected to one of the one or more air channels, comprises an air intake edge for receiving the heated air from the air channel, defines the top or the bottom of a cooking chamber within the oven cavity, and comprises a plurality of air vents for directing the heated air into the cooking chamber. The cooking oven may further comprise a control panel for separately and independently controlling each of the cooking chambers defined by the removable air plenums.

Abstract: A convection oven is disclosed. The convection oven comprises a housing having an oven cavity and an oven door for access to the oven cavity, at least one air blower for generating heated air, one or more air channels for directing the heated air from the air blower toward the oven cavity, and one or more removable air plenums, wherein each removable air plenum is connected to one of the one or more air channels, comprises an air intake edge for receiving the heated air from the air channel, defines the top or the bottom of a cooking chamber within the oven cavity, and comprises a plurality of air vents for directing the heated air into the cooking chamber. The convection oven may further comprise a control panel for separately and independently controlling each of the cooking chambers defined by the removable air plenums.

Abstract: A convection oven having one or more intermediate air plenums is disclosed. An intermediate air plenum placed within an oven cavity defines the bottom of an upper cooking chamber and the top of a lower cooking chamber. Each intermediate air plenum comprises a left side air inlet for receiving heated air from a left side air channel located on a left side cavity wall of the oven cavity, a right side air inlet for receiving heated air from a right side air channel located on a right side cavity wall of the oven cavity, a top plenum surface including a plurality of top air outlets configured to direct a portion of the heated air upwards, and a bottom plenum surface including a plurality of bottom air outlets configured to direct a portion of the heated air downwards. The top and bottom plenum surfaces are preferably shaped to optimize even distribution of heated air flow into the oven cavity.

Abstract: A wall-mounted air conditioner indoor unit includes a housing having a front housing and a rear housing, main air intake portions formed on the housing, a mixed air outlet formed on a lower portion of the front housing, a non-hot exchange air inlet formed on the rear housing, and an air delivery apparatus disposed inside the housing. A volute and a centrifugal fan located inside the volute are disposed inside the housing and above the air delivery apparatus. An air output portion of the volute faces the hot exchange air passage, and includes a surrounding portion extending to the air delivery apparatus and surrounding the hot exchange air passages, and air mixed cavities are formed between the surrounding portion and the hot exchange air passages.

Abstract: Implementations of an air conditioner compressor cover are provided. In some implementations, the air conditioner compressor cover may comprise a first piece of material sized to cover a first portion of a top opening of an air conditioner compressor unit and a second piece of material sized to cover a second portion of the top opening of the air conditioner compressor unit.

Abstract: A vapor compression system includes a heat exchanger having an inlet header pipe connected to a set of paths for passing refrigerant to condition a controlled zone. The inlet header pipe splits the refrigerant into different paths. An amount of the refrigerant entering the inlet header pipe is controlled by a valve. The vapor compression system also includes a set of sensors for measuring temperatures of the refrigerant in each path of the set of paths and a controller including a processor for determining a position of the valve based on the measurements of at least one sensor from the set of sensors and a thermal capacity requested for the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An air conditioner having an absorption unit with a box and a fan unit is revealed. The box is disposed with a ventilation unit and loaded with absorbing material used as desiccant/deodorant. An exhaust hole of the fan unit is communicated with the ventilation unit of the absorption unit. For removing moisture or odors, air outside is drawn by the fan unit and blown into the absorption unit by the ventilation unit. After moisture or pollutants being absorbed by the absorbing material, the air is exhausted by through holes of the box. The fan unit is switched to a heating mode when the absorbing material is saturated with moisture or pollutants. Then air outside is heated by an electric heating unit of the fan unit and is delivered to the absorption unit for drying the absorbing material or baking out the pollutants. Thus the absorbing material is reactivated.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for combating sick building syndrome include a plenum that is at least partially bounded by fabric comprising at least one naturally occurring botanically based, antimicrobial, morbidity-inducing fabric and preferably a fan for introducing air into the plenum for passage outwardly through the fabric thereby to cleanse the air of microbes contributing to sick building syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for an ion generation device that includes an elongate housing having a back portion and a pair of side portions extending from the back portion and forming a cavity therein. A conductive portion is disposed within the cavity and connected to a power supply for providing power to the conductive portion. A plurality of tines are engaged to the conductive portion.

Abstract: A fan system for use on oil and gas rigs. The system includes a hydraulic motor for generating a rotational force from a hydraulic fluid, a water pump member for pumping water, a control member for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid and water. The system also includes a fan device having a plurality of individual blades for providing an airflow, with the fan device being operatively connected to the hydraulic pump member and a nozzle connected to the water pump member for spraying a mist, with the nozzle containing a variable opening for varying the pressure and volume of water discharged. A leak path is provided for capturing and channeling leaking fluids so that fluids are contained within the fan device not in the air stream.

Abstract: Disclosed is a top-fill humidifier easy to wash and without water leakage. The humidifier comprises a single-piece body having a hollow chamber with a wall and bottom; and an isolator removably assembled in the chamber to divide the chamber into a storage sub-chamber between the isolator and the wall of the chamber and a vaporizing sub-chamber between the isolator and the bottom of the chamber. In such a humidifier, the isolator divides the chamber in the body into a storage chamber and a vaporizing chamber, which may solve the problem of water leakage and facilitate the washing of the humidifier.

Abstract: In a method of apparatus for obtaining thermal property data on thermal properties of a temperature controlled system which includes temperature control apparatus, said data being suitable for use in predicting the temperature of at least part of the system, the following steps are performed: (a) the monitoring the temperature of at least part of the system over a succession of portions or points of a data acquisition period and recording said temperature for each portion or point in an electronic memory; (b) the determining heat transfer data for the period, said heat transfer data being indicative of the amount of heat energy supplied to, or removed from said part over the acquisition period; and determining the thermal property data from the recorded temperatures and heat transfer data, wherein the thermal property data is determined by a process of statistical inference.

Abstract: An aggregated channel switching unit is disposed between a heat source unit and a plurality of utilization units to switch flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit. The aggregated channel switching unit including a plurality of first refrigerant pipes having switch valves, a plurality of second refrigerant pipes, and a casing accommodating the first and second pipes. The first and second pipes are aggregated as an assembly. The first pipes are connected to a high-low pressure gas communicating pipe and a suction gas communicating pipe extending from the heat source unit. The second refrigerant pipes are connected to a liquid communicating pipe extending from the heat source unit and a liquid pipe extending to the utilization units. Adjacent pairs of the first and second pipes extend approximately in parallel to each other at predetermined intervals in the assembly. The first and second pipes are alternately disposed in the assembly.

Abstract: An air handling system includes an indirect heat exchanger, a first circulation equipment, a second circulation equipment, a third circulation equipment, a direct adjusting apparatus, a first sensor configured to detect a state of a first air, a second sensor configured to detect a state of a second air, and a control apparatus configured to receive the state of the first air, receive the state of the second air, and control at least one of a circulation of the first air within the first circulation equipment, a circulation of second air within the second circulation equipment, a liquid injection by a vaporization part, an exchange of the second air with the first air with the third circulation equipment, and a direct adjustment of the second air with the direct adjusting apparatus based on the received state of the first air and the received state of the second air.

Abstract: An indoor unit of air conditioner, and the air conditioner are provided. The indoor unit includes a human detection sensor for detection of a predetermined range, and a plurality of desired ranges by using general purpose human detection sensors and lenses. The indoor unit of air conditioner includes a plurality of outlet ports through which air is blown to an interior of a room in different directions, and a human detection unit for detecting a human in the room. The human detection unit includes a plurality of human detection sensors installed in the plurality of outlet ports correspondingly, and lenses provided for the human detection sensors, respectively. The plurality of human detection sensors detect ranges corresponding to the different outlet ports, respectively.

Abstract: A dust concentration display method is provided. The method includes (a) detecting a dust concentration through a dust sensor; (b) displaying a dew condensation message in a display in response to the detected dust concentration being equal to or more than a preset first dust concentration; and (c) detecting the dust concentration in real time for a preset time and displaying the dew condensation message in the display in response to the detected dust concentration being equal to or more than a preset second dust concentration.

Abstract: In an air conditioning system of the present disclosure, the controlling module determines state of the indoor unit. If the indoor unit is under off state, the controlling module determines whether an indoor temperature is smaller than a preset temperature. If yes, the controlling module controls the indoor unit to heat according to a first heating temperature. If the indoor unit is under heating state, the controlling module sets a second heating temperature of the indoor unit to the first heating temperature, and controls the indoor unit to heat according to the first heating temperature. The first heating temperature is smaller than the second heating temperature. If the indoor unit is under cooling state, the controlling module sets a first cooling temperature to a second cooling temperature which is greater than the first cooling temperature, and controls the indoor unit to cool according to the second cooling temperature.

Abstract: A system for use with a manhole vault having an internal atmosphere, and, optionally, with a ventilation stack connecting the vault to an external atmosphere. The system includes a manhole cover, a ventilation pipe, and an air moving assembly. The cover has one or more through-holes extending between top and bottom surfaces. Each of the through-hole(s) is in fluid communication with the external atmosphere at the top surface. The pipe has a through-channel that extends between first and second openings. The first opening is positioned proximal to either an opening into the ventilation stack or at least one of the through-hole(s) at the bottom surface of the cover. The second opening is positioned in the interior of the vault. The device is configured to cause a portion of one of the interior and external atmospheres to flow through the through-channel toward a different one of the interior and external atmospheres.

Abstract: A system for circulating air inside a manhole vault. The system includes an air-moving device in fluid communication with the manhole vault and configured to circulate the air inside the manhole vault to prevent a concentration of combustible gasses or to enhance cooling therein.

Abstract: Example air duct assemblies include a pliable air duct supported such that the duct is maintained in a generally expanded shape even when the duct is deflated. In some examples, a series of hangers suspend the duct from one or more cables, tracks or other type of overhead support. The hangers are spaced apart and distributed over the length of the duct, and each one contributes in pulling the duct taut in the duct's longitudinal direction.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a ceiling-embedded air conditioner includes a main body incorporating a heat exchanger, a decorative panel attached to a lower edge of the main body and including a discharge port discharging air heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger to a room, and a drain pan including a thermal insulating member and a synthetic resin member coating the thermal insulating member. The drain pan includes a recess for receiving drain water produced in the heat exchanger, a communication port provided on a periphery of the recess and communicating with the discharge port of the decorative panel, and a wall standing between the periphery of the recess and the communication port. The wall is composed of the synthetic resin member.

Abstract: A window mounted room air conditioner insulation and installation device that assists with the efficient and effective installation of a window air conditioner, so that an indoor room environment remains relatively constant despite changes in external weather conditions or in internal heat loads.

Abstract: A hot-air blower comprises a heat lamp with a rated power consumption of 180 W to 380 W, a lampshade having a socket for the heat lamp, a cylindrical outer casing with an inner diameter larger than a largest outer diameter of the lampshade, a lampshade fixing part coupled with the lampshade and fastened to the outer casing to allow the lampshade to be provided on a central axis of the outer casing, an impeller generating an air flow by rotation, a waterproof motor coupled with the impeller to rotate the impeller, and a motor fixing part coupled with the waterproof motor.

Abstract: A solar thermal collector includes a solar thermal absorber element which includes a cover glass, a direct-flow absorber, a fore thermoplastic sealing for attaching the cover glass and absorber to each other leaving a distance (h1) therebetween, and a fore sealed space, formed by the cover glass, absorber, and fore sealing. The fore space is filled up with a first low thermal conductive gas. The element further includes a back insulation part, a back thermoplastic sealing for attaching the insulation part and the absorber to each other leaving a distance (h2) therebetween, and a back sealed space, formed by the insulation part, absorber, and back sealing. The back space is filled up with a second low thermal conductive gas. The element may include a TPS-direct-flow absorber-glass element, wherein the back glass insulation part is hermetically sealed with the TPS sealing and the back space is filled with the second gas.

Abstract: A magnetocaloric thermal generator having a primary circuit fluidically connecting first and second stages of magnetocaloric elements using a heat transfer primary fluid flowing alternately back and forth. The stages being subjected to variable magnetic field of a magnetic system. The primary system includes a cold side and a hot side to which the magnetocaloric elements of the stages are fluidically connected. At least the cold side of the primary circuit has an outlet point connected to another point of the primary circuit, referred to as the injection point, on the hot side by a bypass pipe allowing the primary fluid to be displaced only from the outlet point towards the injection point. The magnetocaloric thermal generator is used in a method for cooling the secondary fluid.

Abstract: A temperature control unit includes a temperature control body made of magnetocaloric material and elongated in a longitudinal direction (L), through which or/and around which heat transfer medium can flow. A magnetic field arrangement (16) has magnetic field heating areas (22) arranged following one another in a shifting direction (V) and cooling areas (24) between the magnetic field heating areas (22). A plurality of heat transfer medium flow zones (Zi) following one another in the longitudinal direction (L) are provided with the temperature control body (14). At least two heat transfer medium flow zones (Zi) adjacent to one another in the longitudinal direction (L) of the temperature control body provide a heat transfer medium circulation sector (I, II, III, IV). Heat input fluid, flowing relative to heat transfer medium flow zones (Z1), feed heat in and heat discharge fluid flowing relative to heat transfer medium flow zones (Z8) discharging heat.

Abstract: A multi-mode, bi-directional cascade heat pump system, according to some examples, includes at least two chillers each being part of a unidirectional refrigerant circuit. The system includes heat exchangers each of which are dedicated to operate as just a condenser or as just an evaporator, regardless of the system's operating mode. In some modes, a secondary fluid transfers heat between the condenser of one chiller and the evaporator of another chiller before the fluid returns to a secondary fluid source such as, for example, a geothermal borefield or a conventional water source. In some embodiments, fluid is withdrawn from a borefield by way of a pump having a speed that varies to maintain a desired fluid temperature and/or a desired heat transfer rate at the borefield. The heat pump system includes means for minimizing flow through the borefield and for minimizing unnecessary mixing of relatively high and low temperature fluid.

Abstract: A multi-mode, bi-directional cascade heat pump system, according to some examples, includes at least two chillers each being part of a unidirectional refrigerant circuit. The system includes heat exchangers each of which are dedicated to operate as just a condenser or as just an evaporator, regardless of the system's operating mode. In some modes, a secondary fluid transfers heat between the condenser of one chiller and the evaporator of another chiller before the fluid returns to a secondary fluid source such as, for example, a geothermal borefield or a conventional water source. In some embodiments, fluid is withdrawn from a borefield by way of a pump having a speed that varies to maintain a desired fluid temperature and/or a desired heat transfer rate at the borefield. The heat pump system includes means for minimizing flow through the borefield and for minimizing unnecessary mixing of relatively high and low temperature fluid.

Abstract: A evaporator provides an evaporator that includes an evaporator core, an evaporator tank attached to the evaporator core, and at least one single-piece and folded baffle having raised surfaces incorporated into the evaporator tank. The baffle has opposed sides having a pair of opposed raised surfaces. The baffle further includes a top edge and a side edge. The pair of opposed raised surfaces is provided adjacent one of the edges and includes two pairs of opposed raised surfaces. The raised surface can be a flat-sided ramp, a curve-sided ramp, or a dimple.

Abstract: An expansion valve includes: a body having an insertion hole in a partition separating a first passage from a second passage; a power element configured to generate a drive force for opening or closing a valve section; a shaft extending through the insertion hole and configured to transmit the drive force to a valve element; a vibration-proof spring coaxially supporting the shaft and biasing the shaft radially inward to apply a sliding resistance thereto; and a flexible O-ring supported by one of an inner surface of the support part defining the insertion hole and an outer surface of the shaft and being in close contact with the other thereof. The O-ring, sliding portions of the shaft and the support part, and the vibration-proof spring are arranged in this order from a first passage side toward a second passage side in an axial direction of the shaft.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a refrigeration cycle device includes a refrigeration cycle with a plurality of expansion valves and a detector. The detector predicts a first total degree of opening of the valves at a first time point on the assumption that there is no refrigerant leakage in the cycle, based on a change to a first state quantity of the cycle at the first time point from a second state quantity of the cycle at a second time point. The detector detects refrigerant leakage of the cycle by comparing the first total degree of opening with a second total degree of opening which is an actual total degree of opening of the valves at the first time point.

Abstract: A number of variations may include a refrigeration circuit which may include a compressor operably coupled to an evaporator. Additionally, a compressor may be operably coupled to the evaporator using the suction line. Moreover, the suction line may include a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.

Abstract: An ice cube tray assembly having an insulating box, a lower chamber and an upper chamber. The insulating box having a base and an upstanding structure, with a cavity. A top surface has an inner and outer perimeter, with the inner perimeter defining the opening of the cavity. The lower chamber includes an upper deck portion and container structure depending therefrom. The upper chamber includes a top wall and an inner container structure depending from the top wall. The upper and lower chambers are positioned in sealing engagement.

Abstract: A cooling cycle apparatus for a refrigerator includes a first compressor, a condenser for condensing a refrigerant compressed in the first compressor, a first expansion device for lowering a temperature and a pressure of a portion of the condensed refrigerant, a first evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant, a second expansion device for lowering a temperature and a pressure of a remaining portion of the refrigerant, a gas-liquid separator for separating a liquid-phase refrigerant from a gas-phase refrigerant in the refrigerant, a third expansion device for lowering a temperature and a pressure of the liquid-phase refrigerant, a second evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant that has passed through the third expansion device, and a second compressor for compressing the refrigerant that has passed through the second evaporator and transferring the refrigerant to the first compressor, wherein the refrigerant that has passed through the first evaporator and the gas-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-li

Abstract: A refrigerator may include a cabinet forming a storage compartment; a rear panel forming a rear wall of the storage compartment and having a cooling air outlet hole which discharges cooling air toward the storage compartment; a fan housing coupled to the rear panel and in which a fan configured to circulate cooling air is installed; an outlet port which is formed at the fan housing and discharges cooling air supplied by driving of the fan; and a drawer provided capable of being withdrawn forward from an inside of the storage compartment, wherein the drawer includes: a drawer body forming a storage space; and a cooling air duct provided above the drawer body and having a cooling air path in communication with the outlet port.

Abstract: Provided are a refrigerator and a method for controlling the same. The refrigerator includes a cabinet defining a storage compartment, a door selectively opening or closing the storage compartment, a heater disposed in the cabinet or door to prevent dew from being formed on a surface of the cabinet or door, a refrigerator temperature sensor detecting a temperature of the storage compartment of the refrigerator, and a control unit adjusting an operation factor or output of the heater on the basis of a temperature value detected by the refrigerator temperature sensor.

Abstract: An appliance door includes a vacuum insulated structure having a plurality of core sections that are folded to form an ice and/or water dispensing cavity on an outer side of the appliance door. The vacuum insulated door structure may be positioned between an outer door member and a door liner.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a cabinet, a door, a cooling system, an indicator configured to indicate a door-ajar condition and a door-ajar switch. The cabinet includes a liner that defines a refrigerated compartment, and the door is movable between an open position and a fully closed position to selectively seal the refrigerated compartment. The cooling system is configured to generate cool air and circulate the cool air within the refrigerator. The door-ajar switch includes a switch portion and a damper portion, with the portions located adjacent to one another in a common housing mounted to the cabinet or the door.

Abstract: A refrigerator hinge includes a hinge supporter configured to be mounted on a front surface of a cabinet of a refrigerator, the hinge supporter defining a fitting hole and including a bracket support portion that at least partially surrounds an edge of the fitting hole and protrudes from a front surface of the hinge supporter, a hinge bracket configured to be perpendicularly coupled to the hinge supporter, the hinge bracket including an insertion portion that protrudes from a first end of the hinge bracket and is configured to be inserted into the fitting hole, and a hinge pin configured to be coupled to a second end of the hinge bracket opposite the first end. When the hinge bracket is coupled to the hinge supporter, an inner edge of the bracket support portion contacts an outer circumferential surface of the hinge bracket.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a cabinet having a storage chamber, a main door pivotably mounted to the cabinet while including an opening provided at;an inside of the main door, and a stepped portion provided around the, opening, a sub-storage chamber mounted at the inside of the main door, a sub-door mounted to the main door, to allow a user to have access to the sub-storage chamber, the sub-door having opposite side surfaces with front portions protruding forwards of a front surface of the main door while having a greater width than the opening and stepped portion between the front portions of the side surfaces, to cover the stepped portion by the side surfaces, and a hinge pivotably mounted to the main door and coupled to the sub-door while being bent at an intermediate portion thereof, to pivotably support the sub-door with respect to the main door.

Abstract: Illustrative embodiments of systems and methods for powering lighted shelves in refrigerator appliances are disclosed. In one embodiment, a refrigerator appliance may comprise a cabinet having a temperature-controlled compartment defined therein, a shelf ladder disposed at least partially in the temperature-controlled compartment and providing a plurality of shelf mounting positions, the shelf ladder comprising an electrical bus including first, second, and third conductors, the second conductor configured to supply power at a first current level when electrically coupled to the first conductor, the third conductor configured to supply power at a second current level when electrically coupled to the first conductor, and a first adjustable shelf carrying a first lighting device, the first adjustable shelf being removably mountable in one of the plurality of shelf mounting positions such that the first lighting device is electrically coupled between the first conductor and the second conductor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas liquefaction system to achieve the purpose of conveniently providing cold energy to liquefy a gas. The gas liquefaction system includes a gas delivery passageway, gas driving equipment and at least two pieces of gas liquefaction equipment that are arranged according to level. The gas driving equipment is configured to drive a gas to enter the gas liquefaction system from the gas inlet end. The gas liquefaction equipment is configured to liquefy the gas in the order of the levels.

Abstract: A method and main heat exchange system for use in a cryogenic air separation plant in which down-flow and thermosiphon heat exchangers are employed to partially vaporize an oxygen-rich liquid produced in a lower pressure column and to condense the nitrogen-rich vapor in a higher pressure column. A greater proportion of the oxygen-rich liquid can be partially vaporized in the down-flow heat exchangers than in the thermosiphon heat exchangers and the nitrogen-rich vapor condensed in the thermosiphon heat exchangers can have a higher oxygen content than the nitrogen-rich vapor condensed in the down-flow heat exchangers. This allows the higher pressure column to operate at a lower pressure than would otherwise be possible. A central conduit can extend from the higher pressure column into the lower pressure column to introduce the nitrogen-rich vapor into at least the down-flow heat exchangers for purposes of reducing pressure drop and column height.

Abstract: A method and air separation plant for the distillative cryogenic separation of feed air in a distillation column system of an air separation plant at different distillation pressures, wherein all of the feed air in a total air quantity is compressed to a first pressure level that is at least 4 to 5 bar above the highest of the distillation pressures, and from the total air quantity a first part air quantity is first cooled to a first temperature level of 130 to 170 K and then compressed to a second pressure level that is at least 10 bar above the first pressure level, and a second part air quantity is first cooled to a second temperature level of 110 to 150 K and then expanded to a third pressure level that is below the first pressure level.

Abstract: A multiple hearth furnace in which in a gas space above at least one hearth an annular baffle is provided above the rabble arms of that hearth. The annular baffle modifies gas flow in the gas space, in particular gas residence times above the hearth. This in turn can enhance performance of the furnace, for example in respect of carbon monoxide emissions.

Abstract: A drift eliminator to remove liquid from a flow of air in a cooling tower includes an eliminator inlet, a plurality of flutes, an eliminator ridge, and a plurality of ribs. The eliminator inlet is to receive the flow of air. The plurality of flutes are configured to convey the flow of air through the drift eliminator. The eliminator ridge has a first drift wall extending in a first direction and a second drift wall extending in a second direction. Each flute is in fluid communication with the eliminator ridge and is defined by a flute interior surface curving upwards from the flute inlet to a flute outlet. The plurality of ribs are defined by adjacent ones of the flutes and curving upwards toward the flute outlet.

Abstract: A heat and mass transfer system configured to be a passive system using gravitational force to form a thin liquid film flow on an outer surface of a flow distribution head and downstream conduit member to subject the thin liquid film to heat transfer mediums. The at least partially spherical flow distribution head creates a uniform thin flow of liquid on the outer surface increasing the efficiency of the heat and mass transfer system. The heat and mass transfer system may include a heat transfer medium supply system in fluid communication with internal aspects of the downstream conduit such that a heat transfer medium flows within the downstream conduit while the liquid film flows on the outer surface of the downstream conduit. Rather than conventional sheet flow on inner surfaces of a conduit, the flow distribution head enables sheet flow to be formed on an outside surface of a component.