Abstract: There are provided a method for processing an exceptional case of establishing a default bearer and a device therefor in order to solve a problem in that a user equipment cannot actually receive an IP service by accessing a packet network while failing in establishing the default bearer in a mobile communication system. A method for processing an exceptional case of establishing a default bearer in a mobility management entity includes: receiving a network attachment request from a user equipment; transmitting a network attachment acceptance including an activation request of the default bearer to the user equipment in response to the network attachment request; and cancelling a network attachment procedure when a completion response to the activation request of the default bearer is not received from the user equipment within a predetermined time.

Abstract: A method of configuring downlink timings and transmitting a random access response message is provided for a random access procedure in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system supporting carrier aggregation. The method for adjusting timing of a terminal in a wireless communication system supporting carrier aggregation of at least one carrier includes transmitting a Random Access Preamble to a base station, and receiving a Random Access Response with a Timing Advance Command (TAC) for commanding uplink timing adjustment from the base station, wherein the Random Access Response comprises information indicating a Timing Advance Group (TAG) to which the TAC is applied.

Abstract: Methods are apparatus are disclosed to improve a network connection of a cellular-enabled device via a connected vehicle. An example method disclosed herein includes establishing a first connection between the cellular-enabled vehicle and the first cellular-enabled device using a short distance radio frequency protocol. The first connection is based on a first connection relationship. The example method also includes establishing a second connection between the cellular-enabled vehicle and a cellular network using a first subscriber identifier stored in the first cellular-enabled device. The example method disclosed herein also includes sending a request to the first cellular-enabled device to end a third connection between the first cellular-enabled device and the cellular network while the first connection exists.

Abstract: A mobile communication system capable of reducing energy consumption of a network node in a local area range. When judging that there is a shift trigger, a local eNB shifts from a normal operation to an energy saving operation. In the energy saving operation, the local eNB stops the operation of transmitting at least a part of downlink transmission signals to be transmitted to a user equipment (UE) and performs the operation of receiving an uplink transmission signal transmitted from the UE. When judging that it has received the uplink transmission signal (RACH) in the energy saving operation, the local eNB shifts to the normal operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling uplink transmissions on Discontinuous reception (DRX) operation are provided. A wireless device chooses that a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI)/Precoding Matrix Index (PMI)/Rank Indicator (RI)/Precoding Type Indicator (PTI) on a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) are not reported at a subframe n if an onDurationTimer is determined to be not active at the sub-frame n. An uncertainty about the uplink control information during the On Duration occurred by previous DRX operation can be resolved.

Abstract: A wireless communications device is provided with a Baseband chip capable of coordinating operations between circuit switched (CS) and packet switched (PS) services with different subscriber identity cards. The Baseband chip is configured to receive a request for making a mobile originated (MO) call with a first subscriber identity card when performing a background PS data service with a second subscriber identity card. The Baseband chip suspends or terminates the background PS data service in response to the request, and further makes the MO call with the first subscriber identity card when the background PS data service is suspended or terminated.

Abstract: A method, computer-readable storage device and apparatus for closing a transmission control protocol connection in a wireless network are disclosed. For example, the method sends a first transmission control protocol option requesting a use of a silent transmission control protocol closure for the transmission control protocol connection, receives a confirmation from a recipient device that silent transmission control protocol closure is to be used for the transmission control protocol connection, sends a second transmission control protocol option that indicates a connection timeout period for the sender device, receives a connection timeout period for the recipient device, tracks the connection timeout period for the sender device and the connection timeout period for the recipient device, and closes the transmission control protocol connection when one of the connection timeout period for the sender device or the connection timeout period for the recipient device has expired.

Abstract: Reconfigurable antennas in an ad-hoc network are provided where all nodes employ MIMO/SIMO/MISO communication techniques. Three types of reconfigurable antennas: Reconfigurable Printed Dipole Array (RPDA), Reconfigurable Circular Patch Antenna (RCPA) and Two-Port Reconfigurable CRLH Leaky Wave Antennas are used. The RPDA, RCPA and the CRLH Leaky Wave antennas have a different number of configurations as well as different degrees of pattern diversity between possible configurations. To effectively use these antennas in a network, the performance of centralized and decentralized antenna configuration selection schemes are quantified for reconfiguration at one or both link ends. The sum capacity of the network is used as a metric to quantify the performance of these antennas in measured and simulated network channels.

Abstract: A system and method provide for relaying a medical device alarm to a remote location without having a device electrically interconnected with the medical device. The system includes a relay device having software that can store specific alarm patterns or sequences for one or more alarms for a medical device. The relay device can then detect one or more of an audible, visual or tactile alarm from the medical device through corresponding devices or sensors in the relay device. Upon detection of an alarm, the relay device can transmit information pertaining to the alarm to a remote device to notify a user of the remote device of the medical device alarm.

Abstract: An electronic device and a method for simultaneously receiving a multimedia service over multiple radio access networks are provided. The electronic device includes a plurality of network interfaces for accessing a multimedia service provider, and a multi-interface handler for controlling to receive a multimedia service content divided, from the service provider via the network interfaces respectively, if part of the content is completely received via one of the network interfaces, to receive the remaining content re-divided via the network interfaces.

Abstract: An infrared sensor for detecting infrared rays of light and a light emitting element are disposed below a light transmittable top plate, which has a hearing area for heating an article to be heated placed thereon, in juxtaposed fashion relative to each other, so that infrared rays of light radiated from the article to be heated may be guided towards the infrared sensor. A light guide portion is provided for guiding rays of flight, emitted from the light emitting element, towards a heating area of the top plate, and the rays of light emitted from the light emitting element and guided by the light guide portion are projected onto the top plate through an upper opening of the light guide portion so that such rays of light can be noticed with eyes within the heating area.

Abstract: This invention is a device or module with a LED-type lamp of compact dimensions in order to be used in different illumination industries, such as the automobile, signaling or architectonic industries. The module includes elements for its easy and fast attachment, an efficient manufacturing as from a single plate and structures for the structural support and for heat diffusion. It can be directly attached in an application or in an insulation material support. Likewise, it has two different types of connections that may be used independently or jointly depending on the application.

Abstract: A lighting device and method with a lighting unit which includes several light sources having different color spectra, with a sensor for determining the spectral power distribution emitted by the lighting unit, with a control unit which, as a function of a predetermined spectral power distribution as well as of the spectral power distribution measured by the sensor, acts on a drive unit which individually energizes the light sources of the lighting unit, so that the emitted light has predetermined spectral power distribution, wherein the lighting unit includes at least four light sources, and the control unit uses an optimization algorithm which, as an optimization goal, maximizes a coefficient of weighted sensor values, the coefficient being calculable from individual drive data of the light sources. A secondary condition is met when error between the predetermined spectral power distribution and the measured spectral power distribution is smaller than a limit value.

Abstract: Disclosed are an alternating current rectifying circuit and an alternating current rectifying method for driving an LED module.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a driver device for driving a load, in particular an LED unit having one or more LEDs, comprising input terminals for receiving an input voltage from an external power source for powering the load, and a connection unit for connecting the input terminals to each other and for providing a current path for a bleeding current, wherein the connection unit comprises a first current path for connecting the input terminals in a first current direction and a second current path for connecting the input terminals in a second current direction opposite to the first current direction, wherein the connection unit comprises a first current control unit for controlling the bleeding current in the connection unit, and wherein the first and the second current path each comprises a second current control unit for controlling the bleeding current in the respective current path.

Abstract: A solid-state lighting system comprises a plurality of light-emitting devices (e.g., light-emitting diodes) and an alternating current to direct current (AC-DC) converter that converts AC power to DC power for powering the plurality of light-emitting devices. The AC-DC converter is configured to perform AC-DC conversion directly, without the need for or use of a bridge rectifier or step-down transformer. According to one aspect of the invention, the light-emitting devices of the solid-state lighting system are autonomous and individually powered by a plurality of DC power supplies generated from the DC power produced by the AC-DC converter. According to another aspect, a plurality of phase-offset dimmer control signals are generated based on waveform distortions in a dimming signal produced by a conventional dimmer switch. The phase-offset dimmer control signals are used to individually control the dimming of the light-emitting devices.

Abstract: A LED based lighting apparatus is disclosed. The light engine used in the lighting apparatus may use printed circuit board and have a plurality of LED groups that are independently controllable by a control unit. The power supply input and return paths connected to each LED group may be implemented on different layers to allow a compact footprint that may be used with traditional fluorescent encasements with relatively little modification. The LEDs may comprise a subset of LEDs having a first color and a subset of LEDs having a second color different from said first color intertwined on the light engine.

Abstract: An LED drive circuit (1) includes: a booster circuit (2); a light emitting pattern generator (5); and a switching switch (3) for, (i) during an on period, feeding back, to the booster circuit (2), an electric current flowing to an LED (7), and (ii) during an off period, feeding back, to the booster circuit (2), a voltage signal obtained by dividing an output voltage of the booster circuit (2).

Abstract: Various embodiments may relate to a dimming drive circuit for an illumination apparatus and an illumination apparatus including the dimming drive circuit, wherein the dimming drive circuit includes a filter circuit unit and a bleeder circuit unit, a main control module connected to the filter circuit unit and the bleeder circuit unit, respectively, and an auxiliary control module configured to reduce the current of the bleeder circuit unit and/or to switch off the bleeder circuit unit according to a characteristic input current of the dimming drive circuit prior to switch-off of the bleeder circuit unit by the main control module in a first operation state of the dimming drive circuit, and to prevent the filter circuit unit from releasing electrical energy via the bleeder circuit unit in a second operation state of the dimming drive circuit.

Abstract: A backlight device includes: a light emitting unit that includes a plurality of light sources having different light emission colors from each other; a detection unit that detects light emission states of the plurality of light sources; a temperature sensor that measures a temperature in a proximity of the plurality of light sources; a brightness conversion unit that converts values indicating the detected light emission states to obtain a detection value for each color of the light emission colors; and a calculation unit that corrects the obtained detection value for each of the light emission colors by using information indicating a relationship between the measured temperature and a correction value, and determines drive values for the light sources based on the corrected detection value.

Abstract: A load control device for controlling the amount of power delivered to an electrical load is able to operate in a normal mode and a burst mode. The load control device may comprise a control circuit that activates an inverter circuit during active state periods and deactivates the inverter circuit during inactive state periods. The control circuit may operate in the normal mode to regulate an average magnitude of a load current conducted through the electrical load to be above a minimum rated current. The control circuit may operate in the burst mode to adjust the average magnitude of the load current to be below the minimum rated current. The control circuit may adjust the average magnitude of the load current by adjusting the length of the inactive state periods while holding the length of the active state periods constant.

Abstract: A method and a system of lighting nodes having a core node and sensor pods is described. A core node, representing a master device, is positioned within a luminaire housing to enable lighting control for the luminaire. At least one peripheral device representing an integrated sensor pod, an external sensor pod, or a video node. Each of the peripheral devices representing a slave device and includes one or more sensors for detecting conditions. A pod bus, representing a master-slave bus, enables power signals to be transmitted to each of the peripheral devices. The pod bus also enables the core node to query each of the peripheral devices and each of the peripheral devices to respond to a query from the core node.

Abstract: An adjustable LED lighting system may allow for a variable lumen output, an estimation of remaining life expectancy, and/or control of lighting intensity, color temperature, and/or wavelength distribution. An LED lighting system may be capable of mimicking externally monitored, remote controlled, pre-defined, user-selected, or other lighting conditions. An LED lighting system may allow for a variable lumen output by monitoring a temperature associated with one or more LEDs and increasing or decreasing current flow to maintain the monitored temperature below a maximum temperature. The remaining life may be estimated based on historical runtime and temperature data.

Abstract: Some embodiments include a model builder system that generates a color model to facilitate a color tunable lamp to mix the right amount of light from various color channels to reproduce a target color characteristic of a reference lamp. The model builder system can perform pre-computations that characterize the perceived characteristic of individual color channels and the reference lamp. The model builder system can divide the color channels of the color tunable lamp into floating channels and non-floating channels. Holding the operating points of the non-floating channels constant, the model builder system inverse solves for the necessary flux values of the color channels to reproduce the target color characteristic and to optimize color metrics.

Abstract: A color temperature adjusting method of solid state light emitting device, including steps: providing a main light source which emits main light of a first color temperature; providing an adjusting light source, wherein the adjusting light source comprises a red light source, a green light source and a blue light source; and adjusting currents applied to the adjusting light sources to obtain an adjusting light, wherein the adjusting light mixes with the main light of the main light source to obtain an outgoing light of a second color temperature. The second color temperature is different from the first color temperature. The outgoing light has a chromaticity coordinate at a Plank's curve on a CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates chart.

Abstract: A lighting system comprising light sources for illuminating an area and a control unit adapted to control the light sources. The control unit has a user interface allowing a user to select a light scene. The user interface has a screen for displaying information to the user. The control unit is adapted to control the user interface to display selected content on the screen, which content is selected such that light emitted from the screen during display of the content contributes to the selected light scene. When the screen is used in this way, i.e. as a part of the light scene created by the lighting system, the screen enhances the light scene and the risk of the screen interfering with the light scene is reduced, resulting in an improved user experience.

Abstract: An illumination system and method is disclosed. In one example, the illumination system comprises a lamp assembly for generating color-variable light, a controller for generating control signals for the lamp assembly, source color input means, preferably a color sensor, for inputting to the controller information defining a source color; a memory associated with the controller, containing information defining at least one color harmony rule. On the basis of the input source color, and using the harmony rule from the memory, the controller calculates a target color and generates its output control signals accordingly. Thus, the light output from the lamp assembly harmoniously matches the measured color of surroundings or objects.

Abstract: A flexible display panel and a display apparatus including the flexible display panel are disclosed. The flexible display panel includes an encapsulated panel, a first protective film on one side of the encapsulated panel, and a second protective film on another side of the encapsulated panel. The encapsulated panel includes a flexible panel and a flexible encapsulation member on the flexible panel. The flexible panel includes a first region on a first plane and that includes a display region, and a second region on a second plane that is bent with respect to the first plane and that includes a non-display region. The flexible encapsulation member encapsulates the display region. The display apparatus also includes a support unit for maintaining a shape of the flexible panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lamp control device of a construction machine and a lamp control method therefor, wherein the control of a plurality of lamps (for example: a working lamp, a deck lamp, a cabin lamp and a rear lamp) which are provided in a construction machine can be carried out by a first key input means which is a single typical switch button and a second key input means which is provided with a plurality of sub-setting keys such that unnecessary switches are removed from the inside of a cabin, thereby providing a more convenient and simplified equipment operation environment for workers.

Abstract: A lighting control module provides an enclosure for a circuit board, with the circuit board being mounted to and grounded to the enclosure. A primary power system is provided to receive and transmit voltage to lighting circuits, utilizing a terminal bus bar, a main switch, a voltage selection switch, and a transformer. An auxiliary power system draws energy from portable power sources in the event of a main power source failure. The auxiliary power system includes an associated terminal bus bar and an auxiliary switch. The primary and auxiliary power systems are connected to the lighting circuits through a circuit protection unit, e.g. fuse. The lighting circuits have both positive and negative terminals, LED indicators, switches, and individual fuses. The lighting circuits can be turned on and off individually by virtue of the switches for each lighting circuit. Status indicators and ground terminals are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method provide fail-safe operation of a lighting system. A lighting level detector is used to obtain a baseline lighting level for a low-intensity light. If the detector measures less than the baseline level when an occupancy sensor determines the space is unoccupied, a high-intensity light is energized and an indication is provided to a user that the low-intensity light has failed. A method provides daylighting operation of a lighting system. An occupancy sensor can have Wi-Fi functionality to enable remote configuration of the sensor. A line voltage occupancy sensor can include an interface with low voltage devices. An occupancy sensor can include an integral interface to enable an external control system to override the sensor's normal logic under emergency conditions. An occupancy sensor can include an active temperature compensation feature. An occupancy sensor can also incorporate an automatically adjustable coverage area.

Abstract: A remote control device may be configured to be mounted over the toggle actuator of a light switch and to control a load control device via wireless communication. The remote control device may include a base portion and a rotating portion supported by the base portion so as to be rotatable about the base portion. The remote control device may include a control circuit and a wireless communication circuit. The control circuit may be operably coupled to the rotating portion and to the wireless communication circuit. The control circuit may be configured to translate a force applied to the rotating portion of the remote control device into a control signal and to cause the communication circuit to transmit the control signal to the load control device.

Abstract: In a load control unit, three R, G, and B LED chips that constitute each light source (33a-33d) of reading lamps (25-31) and a connector (35) with a built-in controller are mounted on a circuit board (37) to thereby eliminate the connection of a controller (35b) built into the connector (35) with the built-in controller and the respective light sources (33a-33d) by signal lines. In addition, the controller (35b) and a lighting ECU (43) are connected by a multiplex communication line (39), and the multiplex communication line (39) is routed in pillars (15, 17) of a vehicle (1). Consequently, the number of wires can be reduced compared with when individual wires connected to the respective light sources (33a-33d) are passed through the pillars (15, 17), and thereby making it possible to effectively use limited spaces within the pillars (15, 17) through which many other wires are passed.

Abstract: A programmable lighting device includes a power stage, a controller, a nonvolatile memory and a near field communication device. The power stage is configured to receive power from an external supply and supplying power to at least one light source. The controller is configured to control operation of the power stage according to an operating parameter and/or configuration setting for the programmable lighting device. The nonvolatile memory device stores the operating parameter and/or configuration setting. The near field communication device receives a radio frequency signal which communicates the operating parameter and/or configuration setting, and in response thereto stores the operating parameter and/or configuration setting in the nonvolatile memory. The near field communication device generates a supply voltage for powering the nonvolatile memory device from the RF signal.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus connected to a network includes a light source for emitting light. A controller controls operation of the light source in response to an external control signal. A non-contact sensor detects a non-contact signal and generates a reset signal in response to detecting the non-contact signal. A communication interface communicatively connects the lighting apparatus to a wireless network to receive the external control signal from a remote apparatus via the wireless network and disconnects the lighting apparatus from the wireless network in response to receiving the reset signal from the non-contact sensor.

Abstract: A pairing method for causing lighting devices to store identification information of a radio remote controller serving as a master device is provided. The method includes: transmitting a pairing command including the identification information of the radio remote controller repeatedly on a temporary basis by the radio remote controller; determining, for each of the lighting devices, whether or not the lighting device is in an initial state in which identification information of a master device is not stored in the lighting device, at power on; storing the identification information included in the pairing command, if the paring command is received when it is determined that the lighting device is in the initial state in the determining; and causing the lighting device in which the identification information of the master device is stored to operate according to a radio command including the identification information of the master device.

Abstract: Certain embodiments described herein are directed to devices, systems and methods that comprise asymmetric induction devices. In some instances, the device can include a plurality of plate electrodes which can be spaced asymmetrically or a plurality of coils which can be spaced asymmetrically.

Abstract: A method of and device for forming vias on an electronic board (such as a PCB board) comprises forming one or more holes on the electronic board, placing a nanomaterial inside the one or more holes, and forming one or more filled holes on the electronic board. The nanomaterial can be nanocopper, which can be either push/pull into the holes on the electronic board or a combination of push and pull. The push/pull can be performed by using a mechanical device or by a person. A capping layer can be on both side of the via. The vias formed by using the nanomaterials provides a high efficient vertical heat transferring path from one side of the electronic board to the other side of the electronic board.

Abstract: An obfuscated radio frequency circuit may be manufactured to include a metallization layer, and a dielectric layer under the metallization layer. The dielectric layer may be made up of a plurality of dielectric substrates having different dielectric constants to obfuscate functions of the circuit.

Abstract: A wiring board including an insulating board formed such that an inner insulating layer is laminated under a front insulating layer, a pair of semiconductor element connection pads for a signal, formed on the front insulating layer, and a pair of strip-shaped wiring conductors formed on the inner insulating layer, having connection ends connected to the pair of pads for the signal under the pair of pads through via holes, and having parallel extending portions extending to an outer peripheral portion from the connection ends on the inner insulating layer in parallel to each other, where a part from the connection end to one part of the parallel extending portion has a width smaller than a width of a residual part, and length equal to or less than one-sixteenth of a wavelength of a signal transmitting in the pair of strip-shaped wiring conductors.

Abstract: A suspension board with circuit includes a metal supporting board, a first insulating layer including a disposing portion formed at one side in a thickness direction of the metal supporting board, a first conductive layer including a first wire portion formed at the one side of the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer including a covering portion covering the first wire portion, and a second conductive layer including a second wire portion formed at the one side of the second insulating layer and a terminal portion connected to the first or second wire portion. The second insulating layer includes a second terminal supporting portion formed at the other of the terminal portion. The first insulating layer includes a first terminal supporting portion formed at the other side of the second terminal supporting portion. The metal supporting board is not formed at the other side thereof.

Abstract: A disclosed circuit arrangement includes a substrate, an integrated circuit (IC) component attached to the substrate, first and second cross wires attached to the substrate and disposed proximate the electronic device, and one or more wire segments attached to the substrate. The one or more wire segments have first and second portions attached at a third portion of the first cross wire and at a fourth portion of the second cross wire, respectively. The first and second cross wires and the one or more wire segments are round wires having round cross sections. The first portion and the third portion have flat areas of contact, and the second and fourth portions have flat areas of contact. A first bond wire is connected to the electronic device and to the first portion of the one or more wire segments, and a second bond wire is connected to the electronic device and to the second portion of the one or more wire segments.

Abstract: There is provided a stretchable substrate including: a substrate having first Young's modulus and stretchability; and plurality of strain control patterns having second Young's modulus and arranged on the substrate, in which strain due to an external force depends on arrangement of the plurality of strain control patterns.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solder-mounted board which realizes reliable mounting of a component thereon; a method for producing the board; and a semiconductor device. The solder-mounted board includes a substrate; a wiring layer; a solder pad for mounting a component by the mediation of the solder; and an insulating layer which covers the wiring layer such that at least the solder pad is exposed, the wiring layer, the solder pad, and the insulating layer being provided on at least one surface of the substrate, wherein the insulating layer is formed of a first insulating layer provided on the substrate and the wiring layer, and a second insulating layer provided on at least a portion of the first insulating layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a wiring board including a first electrode pad on a surface thereof; a circuit board disposed to stand on the wiring board, and including an interconnection connected to the first electrode pad; and a semiconductor package disposed to face the wiring board with the circuit board interposed therebetween, and including a second electrode pad on a surface thereof, the second electrode pad being connected to the interconnection.

Abstract: A wiring board includes a first insulation layer, first conductive patterns formed on the first insulation layer, a second insulation layer formed on the first insulation layer and the first conductive patterns and having an opening portion, a wiring structure accommodated in the opening portion of the second insulation layer and including an insulation layer and conductive patterns on the insulation layer, second conductive patterns formed on the second insulation layer; and a via conductor formed in the second insulation layer and connecting one of the first conductive patterns and one of the second conductive patterns.

Abstract: The electronic component of this invention includes a multilayer ceramic substrate 14 composed of a plurality of ceramic layers 12. A wiring electrode 16 and a planar electrode 18 are formed on a ceramic layer 12, which is an insulating layer. The planar electrode 18 is formed so as to be spaced apart from the wiring electrode 16 at the certain interval. An edge portion 22 is formed in a region of the planar electrode 18 adjacent to and spaced apart from the wiring electrode 16 at a certain interval. A central portion 20 is formed in a region of the planar electrode 18 other than the edge portion 22. At least the composition of the central portion 20 is different from the composition of the wiring electrode 16, and the composition of the edge portion 22 is the same as the composition of the wiring electrode 16.

Abstract: A coating for reducing interaction between a surface and the environment around the surface includes an alkali silicate glass material configured to protect the surface from environmental corrosion due to water or moisture. The alkali silicate glass material is doped with a first element to affect various forms of radiation passing through the coating. The electromagnetic radiation is at least one of ultraviolet, x-ray, atomic (gamma, alpha, beta), and electromagnetic or radio wave radiation. The coating may also be used to protect a solar cell from the environment and UV rays while retransmitting received light as usable light for conversion into electrical energy. The coating may also be used to prevent whisker formation in metal finishes of tin, cadmium, zinc, etc.

Abstract: A contact structure and assembly for a microelectronics device includes first and second electrically conductive contacts being helically shaped. A carrier element is attached to and positioned between the first and second contacts. The first and second contacts are in electrical communication with each other, and the first and second contacts are in a mirror image relationship with each other. A pair of insulating substrates each include electrically conductive members. A contact point on each of the first and second contacts is attached and electrically communicating to respective electrically conductive members such that the first and second electrically conductive contacts between the pair of insulating substrates form an electrically conductive package. A metal layer on the carrier element provides electrical conductivity through a first opening defined by the carrier element between the first and second portions of the helix shaped contact.

Abstract: In a wiring board, on an insulating layer of an outermost layer, there are provided a plurality of strip-shaped wiring conductors which are partially provided with semiconductor element connection pads to which electrode terminals of a semiconductor element are connected, at positions which prevent the semiconductor element connection pads adjacent to each other from being laterally arranged, and a solder resist layer having openings for individually exposing the semiconductor element connection pads is adhered on the insulating board as the outermost layer and on the strip-shaped wiring conductors, wherein the solder resist layer internally contains an insulating filler, and the insulating filler is sunk below the upper surfaces of the strip-shaped wiring conductors.