Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses and computer-readable storage mediums are disclosed for device state estimation under periodic motion. In some implementations, a method comprises: detecting, by a device, periodic motion from a sensor signal generated by a sensor of the device; generating, by the device, a trigger signal or schedule based on the detecting; generating, by the device, a periodic motion constraint update in response to the detecting; and updating, by the device and in response to the trigger signal or schedule, an estimated state of the device using the periodic motion constraint update.

Abstract: An apparatus receives at least one set of sensor data from at least one mobile device. The sensor data was measured at a particular site and comprises at least motion related sensor data. The apparatus selects a set of parameter values for a parametric site model from a plurality of possible sets of parameter values. The set of parameter values is selected which has the highest likelihood that the parametric site model configured with the set of parameter values correctly represents the particular site in view of the received at least one set of sensor data.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a location of a vehicle relative to a station of the vehicle are described. The system includes a user interface device with a memory device storing a computer program with executable instructions, the computer program including first executable instructions to detect a vehicle brake application and second executable instructions to detect audio data emitted by the vehicle, the first and second executable instructions being performed to determine a location of the vehicle relative to a station of the vehicle.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems are provided which receive requests for map data, and generate virtual tables for accessing underlying navigational map data. Navigational functionality may be offered through structured query language (SQL) commands for all kinds of navigation data by the use of virtual tables. By offering functionality through SQL commands map developers benefit because there is no difference in accessing low-level data of the navigation database and higher-level functionality such as displaying map components. The commands used to send information to the graphic user interface, the navigation core, as well as the data access layer may all be accessed using virtual tables and SQL commands.

Abstract: A computer-implemented technology for planning routes is described herein. In accordance with one aspect, travel data of commuters of a transportation network are provided. Continuous distributions of travel time and waiting time are generated from the travel data. The continuous distributions of travel time and waiting time are associated to a transportation graph of the transportation network. The transportation graph includes nodes corresponding to stops of the transportation network and edges interconnecting the nodes. Travel time and waiting time are associated as costs of the edges in the transportation graph. In response to receiving input parameters, expected costs of candidate routes in the transportation graph are determined in accordance with a modified multi criteria shortest path technique. The modified multi criteria shortest path technique invokes a subroutine to retrieve accurate costs of routes based at least on the costs of the edges in the transportation graph.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a distance to empty (DTE) of an environmentally-friendly vehicle, which enable a driver to recognize that a DTE is gradually and linearly decreased as an actual travelling distance is increased. This provides capability of more conveniently and intuitively guiding a DTE to a driver by calculating an ideal and final DTE desired by the driver by using an actual travelling distance measured by an odometer (ODO) and displaying the calculated final DTE on a cluster.

Abstract: A decision support and control system including a Graphical User Interface configured for displaying multiple transit options for a platform with respect to hazard and objects along with accompanying methods is provided. The methods and apparatus may receive information from a variety of systems such as a ship's radar and electro-optical systems to derive threat information, and a ship's weapon systems that may include both lethal and non-lethal weapons, the maximum and minimum range of the weapons, the accuracy characteristics of the weapons, and the maximum and minimum azimuth angles that the weapons can engage. The apparatus and methods may provide multiple transit options for a ship that provides tactical suggestions for a ship to successfully defend itself against a swarm attack by multiple incoming threats. Such tactical suggestions illustratively account for the various paths being presented and may also present performance metrics such as associated probabilities of success.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments illustrate methods and systems for scheduling one or more first vehicles along a route in a transportation system. The method includes determining one or more demands pertaining to a commutation along a route, where the route comprises at least one pair of stations such that there is a unique path between the pair of stations. The method further includes determining a set of constraints associated with the transportation system. The set of constraints are based on at least a count of second vehicles plying on one or more routes in the transportation system at a time instance, a capacity of a first vehicle, and a performance metric of the transportation system. Further, the method includes determining a count of first vehicles, for plying along the route at the time instance, based on at least the set of constraints.

Abstract: Methods, devices and apparatuses pertaining to identifying the candidate road segments for autonomous operations are described. A method may involve obtaining data of a first plurality of road segments that are permitted for one or more autonomous operations. The method may further include generating a road segment template based on the data of the first plurality of road segments, and reconstructing a second plurality of road segments based on the road segment template to obtain a plurality of reconstructed road segments.

Abstract: A dispatch system for autonomous vehicle is provided. The dispatch system includes a plurality of autonomous vehicles respectively including a communication unit and a control unit. The communication unit obtains a vehicle location information of itself, and communicates with other autonomous vehicles. The control unit obtains a vehicle available information of itself. One of the autonomous vehicles is selected as a dispatch control center for controlling scheduling of all autonomous vehicles. When the dispatch control center receives a transportation request massage, the dispatch control center performs an optimized scheduling assignment and thus generates a scheduling signal. The scheduling signal is transmitted to the other autonomous vehicles by the communication unit, so as to assign one of the autonomous vehicles as a designated vehicle for transportation.

Abstract: One or more techniques and/or systems are provided for routing a user between events using an itinerary. An event source (e.g., electronic calendar) may be assessed to identify event information (e.g., event locations) for events (e.g., meetings). The event information may be evaluated to determine a schedule of events. Routes between events within the schedule may be identified to determine route information (e.g., predicted travel times) for the routes. The event information and the route information may be evaluated to generate an itinerary of events. In an example, a constraint may be identified (e.g., a traffic accident along a route). The constraint may be evaluated to determine an impact (e.g., a user arriving to the meeting event late) of the constraint on the itinerary. Responsive to the impact exceeding an adjustment threshold, the itinerary may be adjusted (e.g., modifying a route between one or more events to avoid the accident).

Abstract: A computer system identifies data representing interest of users in a plurality of geographic sites, such as images of geographic sites submitted by people to public photo sharing sites. The system generates a “heat map” representing densities of the interest data. The system generates a route from a starting location to an ending location. The route includes at least one of the plurality of geographic sites, even if the route is not the maximally efficient route from the starting location to the ending location. The system favors high-temperature sites for inclusion in the route, and may use temperature to generate intermediate routes between waypoints in the route, but ensures that the route does not deviate too far from the route having the shortest possible distance between the starting location and the ending location at the expense of including high-temperature sites.

Abstract: Provided is a navigation server, a navigation client, and a navigation method that allow for searching for a route estimated to have a low degree of making a user feel burdened. A server cost recognition correction element 12 evaluates, for at least one of a plurality of indices representing one or both of a road environment of a subject segment and a relative relationship between the subject segment and one or more of other segments included in the server route candidate, a segment cost index value representing a traffic difficulty of the subject segment, and corrects a cost of the subject segment using the segment cost index value of the subject segment (STEP234, STEP236, STEP239, STEP241, STEP244, STEP247, STEP249, STEP350, and STEP450).

Abstract: Disclosed are a method, system, and recording medium for connecting a public transportation route service and a map service. A map providing method includes providing a mode switching function at a first service that provides a public transportation map and a second service that provides a road map, and switching a service mode to the public transportation map or the road map through interconnection between the first service and the second service in response to executing the mode switching function.

Abstract: A route planner for a transportation network is disclosed. The route planner generates k suggested routes based on a user query using a diversified k shortest routes technique. The diversified k shortest routes techniques analyzes a transportation graph and suggests k routes to the user. The diversified k shortest routes can provide a user with options to take the next best route if they miss the optimal one. These options also include other preferences, such as less number of transfers, as long as they are reasonable in terms of total travel time. The suggested routes take into account travel calendars, as well as location-to-location queries which require geocoding and reverse geocoding capabilities. Transfers between different types of transportation services such as train and bus are also supported.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, at route recommendation server device, travel data associated with a plurality of mobile devices. The method includes indexing segments of a plurality of routes based on a corresponding number of users of each of the plurality of segments, and receiving a recommendation request from a particular mobile device. The recommendation request includes a starting point and a destination for a trip. The method also includes identifying a plurality of routes between the starting point and the destination based on the travel data, and providing at least one recommendation for a recommended route based on a relative popularity of the recommended route among a number of users that use each of the plurality of routes.

Abstract: A forest fire real-time escape route planning system may include a processor that receives real-time Geographical Information System data. The system may include a firefighter endurance and route-planning model for determining, based on data received by the processor, one or more firefighter evacuation routes to one or more safe areas. The model may determine a rating for each evacuation route based on a degree of risk. The model may predict a rate of fire progression based on fire fuel proximate the fire. They system may include a transmitting device for communicating the one or more firefighter evacuation routes along with the rating for each evacuation route to a mobile device. The mobile device may be configured to display the one or more firefighter evacuation routes overlaid on a map depicting a current location of a firefighter relative to the fire.

Abstract: A navigation system, device, and method for providing a route to a user for travelling based on one or more crime statistics. The user is provided crime related information based on up to date statistics of any selected route or predefined area, and additionally the user is provided alerts upon entering a high crime density area. Moreover, the user is also facilitated with a route that the user may have previously utilized and the corresponding current crime statistics.

Abstract: Provided is a navigation server or the like capable of promoting enhancement of convenience in traffic of moving bodies with a comprehensive consideration of various factors of each link. There is found a server route R configured by link groups that connect a starting point p1 and a destination point p2 of a navigation client 2 of interest, the server route R having a minimum total value ?C2 of second moving costs C2 in the link groups. The second costs C2 result from first moving costs C1 corrected based on various factors, such as combinations of “static factors” and “dynamic factors”.

Abstract: A system and method for providing directional feedback. A wireless connection is established between a first directional interface and one or more directional interfaces. A free form path is received from a user utilizing the first directional interface. The free form path is converted to directional feedback in which the free form path is wrapped to available paths communicated by the first directional interface and the one or more directional interfaces to generate the directional feedback. The directional feedback is sent to the one or more directional interfaces wirelessly connected to die first directional interface. The directional feedback is communicated to one or more users associated with the one or more directional interfaces utilizing user preferences associated with the one or more directional interfaces.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining candidate pick-up locations. For instance, responsive to receiving a request from a user for a ride, one or more candidate pick-up locations proximate a current location of the user can be determined. The candidate pick-up locations can be determined at least in part by ranking a plurality of locations proximate the current location of the user in view of one or more travel parameters and a destination specified by the user. The user may select a candidate pick-up location as a selected pick-up location, and the selected pick-up location may be provided to a car service or ride share platform to facilitate a pick-up.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for internationalization of real-world features during navigation. The method includes receiving a request for navigation to a landmark in a particular language. The method further includes retrieving keywords from a database associated with the landmark, and scoring the keywords based on their level of recognition to a user. The highest ranked keywords are then sent to the user to navigate to the landmark.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for internationalization of real-world features during navigation. The method includes receiving a request for navigation to a landmark in a particular language. The method further includes retrieving keywords from a database associated with the landmark, and scoring the keywords based on their level of recognition to a user. The highest ranked keywords are then sent to the user to navigate to the landmark.

Abstract: Certain implementations of the disclosed technology may include systems and method for handling application notifications. According to an example implementation, a method is provided. The method can include receiving a plurality of audio feeds from a respective plurality of applications, and determining a priority status for one or more of the respective applications. Based on the determined priority status, the method may further include determining a first prioritized audio feed and a second prioritized audio feed from the plurality of applications. The method includes detecting, in a signal associated with the first prioritized audio feed, a signal gap having a gap start. The method includes modifying, based at least in part on the signal of the first prioritized audio feed, one or more parameters associated with at least the second prioritized audio feed, and outputting, to an output device, at least a portion of the first prioritized audio feed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of calculating a route involving a freeway junction determines an undesired freeway junction that can pose a driving difficulty, and performs route recalculation that avoids the undesired freeway junction. A distance from a freeway entry to a freeway junction, or a number of freeway entries up to the freeway junction are used to determine the undesired freeway junction. A distance from the freeway junction to a freeway exit is also used to determine the undesired freeway junction. An intermediate point is set to recalculate a route that does not involve the freeway junction to create an overall route.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for location referencing roadway data. A server determines a roadway event; the roadway event including a roadway description and a roadway location. The server then generates a roadway message. The roadway message includes the roadway description and a roadway path. The roadway path includes a LinkID set, a length of the roadway event, and an offset from a reference node of a starting link. The LinkID set includes at least the starting link. The server then broadcasts the roadway message. A device receives the data. The device decodes and displays the data.

Abstract: An approach is provided for generating a targeted map display from a plurality of data sources. A mapping platform receives at least one request to provision at least one targeted map display for at least one device based, at least in part, on at least one targeted mapping object. The at least one targeted mapping object includes one or more parameters for retrieving targeted content from a plurality of data sources. The mapping platform also determines one or more map item detail records based, at least in part, on the one or more parameters. The one or more map item detail records include payload content assembled from the plurality of data sources about one or more map items. The mapping platform then causes, at least in part, a selective updating of the one or more map item detail records based, at least in part, on one or more validity criteria for provisioning the at least one targeted map display.

Abstract: Projected synthetic vision methods, systems and computer readable media are disclosed. For example, a system can include one or more sensors, a terrain database, and a projected synthetic vision controller coupled to the one or more sensors and the terrain database, the projected synthetic vision controller configured to generate and project synthetic vision images based on aircraft position, terrain information and aviator boresight information. The system can also include one or more projectors coupled to the projected synthetic vision controller.

Abstract: Sealed device for calibrating an altitude measurement device comprising an atmospheric pressure sensor whose movements of deformation are converted, via a transmission system, into a pivoting motion of an activation system that drives the pivoting of an indicator hand, wherein a sensing element bearing on the atmospheric pressure sensor is rigidly fixed to a transmission shaft movable along its longitudinal axis of symmetry, wherein the calibration device includes an air intake that can adjust the pressure inside the calibration device as required, and also includes a first button via which the axial position of the transmission shaft can be adjusted, and a second button via which it is possible to move the atmospheric pressure sensor up or down. The invention also concerns a method for calibrating the altitude measurement device using the sealed calibration device.

Abstract: A waveguide structure to allow device to determine its orientation are disclosed. The waveguide may be formed of a dielectric core and a cladding. The dielectric core may be formed of a solid dielectric material that conducts radio waves at millimeter wave frequencies and above. The cladding may encapsulate the core, and may include at least two conductive portions. Each conductive portion may be disposed around less than the entire core. The conductive portions allow electrical signals to flow between two devices to determine an orientation of the waveguide.

Abstract: Indicator instruments (1) have a good readability of a measured value, so that a simple visual checking of the measured value by the user is possible. An electronic angle sensor (17), is integrated into an exiting indicator instruments (1) with a front side (2) viewed indicator (7). The electronic angle sensor (17) includes a sensor unit (39) for the contactless detection of an angular position of the indicator (7). This allows an integration of an existing indicator instrument (1) into a control or regulation circuit for reference to the measured variable and/or the reaching of a preset switching point (30) in the form of a data signal. Good readability of the indicator instrument (1) is not lost and the measuring system is not modified. The angle sensor (17) is mountable on the front side (2) and the sensor unit (39) uses the indicator (7) as a transducer (8).

Abstract: A position sensor detects the position of a shift lever that is moved along a shift pattern extending in three different directions from a neutral position. The position sensor includes a magnet that moves together with the shift lever when the shift lever is moved between the neutral position and any one of a reverse position, a drive position, and a home position, which are located in three directions from the neutral position. The position sensor also includes Hall IC elements that detect the magnet and generate outputs indicating detection of the magnet. The Hall IC elements are laid out so that the position of the shift lever can be determined from the outputs of the Hall IC elements.

Abstract: A rotation sensor includes: a first detection element disposed to oppose an outer circumferential surface of a rotating body or one end surface in the shaft direction of the rotating body different from that on a shaft line of the rotating body, and detecting magnetic flux density; a storage portion storing the detection result of the first detection element; a second detection element disposed to be separated from the first detection element only by a predetermined distance, and detecting the magnetic flux density; a determination threshold value setting portion setting a determination threshold value based on a difference between maximum and minimum values in the detection result; and a signal output portion outputting a signal indicating the rotation of the rotating body when the detection result of the second detection element reaches the determination threshold value.

Abstract: A magnetic angle sensor including a first Wheatstone bridge circuit having a plurality of first magnetoresistive elements; and a second Wheatstone bridge circuit having a plurality of second magnetoresistive elements, wherein the plurality of second magnetoresistive elements have diversity with respect to the plurality of first magnetoresistive elements.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a position and orientation sensor package having a reduced size in at least one dimension is disclosed. The position and orientation sensor package includes a dielectric substrate and a first magneto-resistance sensor chip attached to the dielectric substrate, the first magneto-resistance sensor chip including at least one magneto-resistance sensor circuit. The position and orientation sensor package also includes a second magneto-resistance sensor chip attached to the dielectric substrate and positioned adjacent the first magneto-resistance sensor chip, the second magneto-resistance sensor chip including at least one magneto-resistance sensor circuit. The position and orientation sensor package is constructed such that the at least one magneto-resistance sensor circuit of the first magneto-resistance sensor chip is oriented in a different direction than the at least one magneto-resistance sensor circuit of the second magneto-resistance sensor chip.

Abstract: A magnetic field detection apparatus has a first magnetic sensor and a bias magnet positioned to face the first magnetic sensor. The bias magnet has a magnetic pole surface that faces the first magnetic sensor and that applies a bias magnetic field to the first magnetic sensor. The first magnetic sensor detects magnetic field in a first direction that is parallel to the magnetic pole surface. The magnetic pole surface of the bias magnet has a plurality of grooves arranged in the first direction.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor may comprise a first linear output sensing element configured to sense a first component of an external magnetic field associated with a first axis. The first linear output sensing element may provide a first output voltage corresponding to the first component of the external magnetic field. The magnetic sensor may also comprise a second linear output sending component configured to sense a second component of the external magnetic field associated with a second axis. The second axis may be substantially orthogonal to the first axis. The second linear output sensing element may provide a second output voltage corresponding to the second component of the external magnetic field. The first output voltage and the second output voltage may be provided to determine an angle, associated with the external magnetic field, corresponding to a plane including the first axis and the second axis.

Abstract: A position sensor includes a target having an electrical conductor having an exterior boundary, a void located at least partially within the conductor, and an opening extending between the exterior boundary of the conductor and the void, wherein the opening interrupts a current path in the conductor around the void.

Abstract: A device and system for sensing disturbance in a field. A sensor system comprises an RF power source coupled to one or more emitters producing a field. Measuring the coupling between the source and the emitters for example by measuring forward and/or reverse power allows disturbances caused by objects in the field to be detected. Sweeping the operating frequency of the rf source over a frequency range, or making measurements at frequencies within such a range provides for further characterization of any objects within the field. Placing emitters within a structure allows for characterization of the contents of the structure and detection of changes from such characterization.

Abstract: A rotation angle detection apparatus includes a rotator having a track unit to detect the rotation angle of a rotation axis; a detection unit disposed in correspondence with the track unit; a rotation angle calculation unit for calculating the rotation angle of the rotation axis based on signals generated by the detection unit; a rotation speed calculation unit for calculating the rotation speed of the rotation axis; and an abnormality detection unit for detecting an abnormality. The abnormality detection unit includes a frequency analyzing unit for calculating the frequency characteristic of the signals; a storage unit for storing the number of the signals per revolution of the rotator; a signal frequency calculation unit for calculating a signal frequency; and a determination unit for detecting the abnormality in the detection apparatus, when the frequency characteristic includes a component of a higher order than the signal frequency.

Abstract: An optical position encoder includes a scale having multiple tracks separated in a direction perpendicular to travel, the tracks including an incremental track and an absolute track, the scale interacting with an incident first light beam to generate a second light beam having components carrying respective optical patterns produced by the incremental track and absolute track respectively. The encoder further includes a set of optical detectors including at least first and second detector arrays of differing properties to detect the respective optical patterns produced by the incremental track and absolute track respectively, each of the first and second detector arrays spanning multiple tracks of the scale and configured to respond to a respective detector-specific component of the second light beam more strongly than to another component of the second beam specific to another of the detector arrays.

Abstract: An optical position-measuring device for absolute position determination includes a material measure extending along a measurement direction and including an incremental graduation and an absolute code. A scanning unit movable relative to the material measure has a light source, a scanning grating for optically scanning the incremental graduation and a detector device. The detector device includes an incremental detector for generating incremental signals from the optical scanning of the incremental graduation and an absolute detector for generating absolute signals from optical scanning of the absolute code. A common detection plane is located at a defined perpendicular distance from the scanning grating and/or a periodicity of a fringe pattern on the incremental detector is selected such that, in the event of scattering contamination in a region of the material measure and/or the scanning grating, amplitudes of the incremental signals and the absolute signals drop off equally.

Abstract: An encoder able to maintain liquid-tightness over a long period of time. The encoder is provided with a housing unit holding component parts of the encoder. The housing unit is formed by a housing and a cover closing an opening part of the housing. At a boundary part of the housing and the cover, an O-ring is placed. The housing is formed with a guide groove at the outside in the radial direction from the O-ring and a discharge guide groove communicated with the guide groove and opening toward the outside in the radial direction. The cover is formed with a ring-shaped guide projection projecting out toward the guide groove at a position corresponding to the guide groove.

Abstract: To provide an inexpensive indicator member which can prevent a dark area from being formed at a location above a reflection part, an indicator unit having the indicator member and an indicator instrument having the indicator unit. A hollow reflection part provided to an indicator part of an indicator main body of a light-emitting indicator includes a plurality of partial reflection parts having at least an pointing direction reflection face, a rear end direction reflection face and a corner formed at an intersection of the pointing direction reflection face and the rear end direction reflection face and arranged at a location opposed to the base part. The corners of the respective partial reflection parts adjacent to each other are displaced in a pointing direction or in a rear end direction.

Abstract: To provide an inexpensive indicator member which can prevent a dark area from being formed at a location above a reflection part, an indicator unit having the indicator member and an indicator instrument having the indicator unit. A hollow reflection part provided to an indicator part of an indicator main body of a light-emitting indicator includes a plurality of partial reflection parts having at least an pointing direction reflection face, a rear end direction reflection face and a corner formed at an intersection of the pointing direction reflection face and the rear end direction reflection face and arranged at a location opposed to the base part. The corners of the respective partial reflection parts adjacent to each other are displaced in a pointing direction or in a rear end direction.

Abstract: A method for operating a measuring apparatus, comprising the steps as follows: ascertaining a flow velocity comparing the ascertained flow velocity with a threshold value, which corresponds to a critical loading, especially to a resonant frequency, of a measuring apparatus immersion body protruding into the flow; and outputting a report, which signals reaching of a critical flow and/or frequency.

Abstract: A heating, ventilation, or air conditioning (HVAC) system with automated flow direction detection is provided. The HVAC system includes one or more hoses configured to provide airflow from HVAC equipment, a bidirectional pressure sensor coupled to the hoses, and a controller coupled to the bidirectional pressure sensor.

Abstract: A flow sensor sub-assembly for sensing flow of a fluidic medicament is disclosed. The flow sensor sub-assembly includes a first spring contact and a second spring contact. The spring contacts are secured to a base that has a circuit for conducting an electrical signal to and from the spring contacts to a microprocessor. The first spring contact is in electrical communication with a first piezo element and the second spring contact is in electrical communication with a second piezo element. The first spring contact has a first contact force against the first piezo element and the second spring contact has a second contact force against the second piezo element, and the first and second contact forces are equivalent. A circuit board for interfacing to a flow sensor having a plurality of piezo elements for transmitting a flow signal indicative of flow of fluidic medicament is also disclosed.

Abstract: A flow sensor sub-assembly for sensing flow of a fluidic medicament includes a flow tube having a flow tube inlet and a flow tube outlet, and an acoustical transmission rate. The medicament flows through the flow tube. A first piezo element is arranged at an upstream position of the flow tube and a second piezo element is arranged at a downstream position of the flow tube, such that the first piezo element and the second piezo element are mounted apart a pre-selected distance from each other. An absorber sheath encircles the flow tube. The absorber sheath has an upstream end and a downstream end. The absorber sheath is comprised of a material with an acoustical transmission rate different than the flow tube.

Abstract: A system for sensing medicament delivery and transmitting an operation modification signal having at least two separable components is disclosed. The system includes a flow sensor having an inlet to couple to a fluid source, an outlet for delivering fluid from the fluid source to a patient, at least one sensor to characterize at least one attribute of the fluid, and at least one pin in in electrical communication with the sensor. The system includes a second component having a base having a contact, a controller in electrical communication with the contact that generates an operation modification signal in response to an attribute matching a condition specified by a rule, a transmitter for transmitting the operation modification signal to a device, the operation modification signal, when received by the device, causing the device to modify at least one operating parameter, and a cross-component electrical circuit.