Abstract: A method for initializing the border gateway protocol (BGP) on network devices. The method includes initializing, by a first network device, a BPG session with a second network device. The method further includes receiving, by the first network device from the second network device, route updates and an end of routing information base (EOR) marker. The method further includes updating an n_EOR variable maintained by the first network device after receiving the EOR marker and, after updating the n_EOR variable, determining that the first network device has received route updates from all peer network devices, and subsequently updating, in the first network device, a routing information base (RIB) using route updates received from the peer network devices. The method further includes updating, in the first network device, a forwarding information base (FIB) using the updated RIB and advertising, to all peer network devices by the first network device, routes.

Abstract: A network (100) includes multiple gateways (135, 140) and a router (105) connected to at least one of the multiple gateways (135, 140). The router (105) is configured to receive packets that include multiple first virtual circuit identifiers associated with the multiple gateways in the network (100), assign second virtual circuit identifiers to the at least one connected gateway, and initiate transmission of a message to the at least one connected gateway informing the gateway of the first virtual circuit identifiers.

Abstract: A method and system for implementing a network service computation system uses distributed graph processing at a plurality of network controllers corresponding to a plurality of network domains. Each network controller may manage and maintain a network graph for its respective network domain. Each network controller many communicate with nodes (or vertices) in its respective network domain, while the network controllers may communicate with each other for path discovery and computation purposes.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for translating multicast messages in a network device. The network device obtains a configuration for translating a destination address of a specified type of multicast message to a different destination address. A multicast message is received that matches the specified type. A broadcast message is generated based upon the multicast message and the configuration, where the broadcast address used as a destination for the broadcast message corresponds to the broadcast address for a group of network nodes specified by the configuration. The broadcast message is transmitted from one or more network interfaces specified by the configuration. The broadcast message includes the instruction for the group of network nodes.

Abstract: A control device may manage a switch device within a same software defined network (SDN) of the control device, manage a topology structure of an SDN corresponding to the SDN instance managed by the control device, and calculate flow paths based on the topology structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a data packet processing method, a service node, and a delivery node, to improve the data packet processing efficiency. A second service node receives a first uplink data packet sent by a first service node. The second service node performs service processing on the first uplink data packet to obtain a second uplink data packet. When the second service node determines, according to service node information, that the second service node is the last service node in an uplink direction of a service chain, the second service node deletes the service node information from the second uplink data packet, to obtain a third uplink data packet, and sends the third uplink data packet to a second delivery node, where the second delivery node is an uplink egress delivery node of the service chain.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a switch mode switching method, a device, and a system, so that routing and switching information in a hardware forwarding entry in the conventional switching mode is represented in a form of OpenFlow flow table. The method includes: receiving, by a switch, a mode switch request message that is sent by a controller and that is used to request the switch to switch from a conventional switching mode to an OpenFlow switching mode; freezing, by the switch, all routing and switching information tables of the switch in the conventional switching mode, and generating, according to routing and switching information in each routing and switching information table, an OpenFlow flow table corresponding to the routing and switching information table; and switching, by the switch, to the OpenFlow switching mode, and sending a mode switch response message to the controller.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR) over label distribution protocol (LDP). In one embodiment, the method includes a node receiving a packet with an attached segment ID. In response, the node may attach a label to the packet. Thereafter, the node may forward the packet with the attached label and segment ID to another node via a label switched path (LSP).

Abstract: Measures for controlling communication access in a data center network are provided. A packet forwarding function in a server in a data center network is configured to access an access control data store when making forwarding decisions for received data packets which are being routed to/from virtual systems hosted on that server. In response to receipt, at the server, of a setup notification relating to setup of a virtual machine on the server, one or more entries are populated in the access control data store. The entries comprise an internet protocol (IP) address of the virtual system and at least one associated IP address of one or more other communication endpoints.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of obfuscating communication traffic patterns occurring over a cloud-based communication infrastructure includes detecting first data communication sessions between a first communications device a second communications device via a first computer server using a network protocol. An information content threshold value associated with the first data communication sessions is accessed. A traffic pattern based on the first data communication sessions is also accessed, whereby the traffic pattern determines communication occurrences between the first and the second communication devices over a predefined time period. An information content value associated with the accessed traffic pattern is determined.

Abstract: A network includes a route reflector peered with client routers. From a perspective of the route reflector, a best path to the destination address is selected by applying to candidate paths ordered comparison tests that progress from policy tests through one or more additional tests until the best path is selected. A determination is made as to whether the best path was selected based on the policy tests exclusively. If the best path was selected based on the policy tests exclusively, the best path is assigned to each of the client routers. If the best path was not selected based on the policy tests exclusively, from a perspective of each client router, a respective best path is selected by applying to the candidate paths the one or more additional tests, and the respective best paths are assigned to the respective client routers.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a network device is configured to generate a control protocol packet containing a source address of the network device and a destination address. The network device is configured to translate the source address to a interface device address of a first communication interface device included in the network device. The control protocol packet can be transmitted over the network by a second communication interface device included in the network device for receipt by a device based on the destination address.

Abstract: A network device includes a routing information base including a first plurality of entries, a forwarding information base including a second plurality of entries; a forwarding information base entry optimizer that programs the second plurality of entries of the forwarding information base using, at least in part, the first plurality of entries; and a network processor that forwards packets based on the second plurality of entries of the forwarding information base. The second plurality of entries is less than the first plurality of entries.

Abstract: A packet forwarding method that includes receiving a packet from a traffic classifier at a host that comprises a virtual machine (VM), and a first hypervisor for the host that provides a first set of routing instructions that provides routing instruction to forward the packet to a port of the VM, and wherein the VM comprises a plurality of virtual network functions (VNFs), and a second hypervisor for the VM that provides a second set of routing instructions that provides routing instructions to forward the packet to the plurality of VNFs based on an input, processing, by the host, the packet using the plurality of VNFs in accordance with the first set of routing instructions and the second set of routing instructions, and forwarding, by the host, the processed packet to a network device.

Abstract: This application provides a packet processing method, which helps resolve a problem that a network node between a user terminal and a DHCP server is relatively complex. In the method, a network node of an access network receives a first packet sent by a user terminal, where the first packet is used to request an Internet Protocol IP address from a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server and the network node obtains a second packet, where the second packet includes the first packet, information about a port, and a Media Access Control MAC address of the user terminal, the port is a port through which the network node receives the first packet, and the second packet is a packet except a DHCP packet. Additionally the network node sends the second packet to a controller.

Abstract: A method implemented in a network element (NE) configured to operate in an information centric network (ICN), the method comprising creating a minimum spanning tree for an overlay cluster to which the NE is assigned within a host domain, wherein the minimum spanning tree comprises a root corresponding to the NE and a plurality of member nodes assigned to the overlay cluster; and broadcasting a hash cluster setup (HCS) message to the member nodes, wherein the HCS message comprises source path routing information for the overlay cluster and hop limit values corresponding to distances within the ICN between the NE and each of the member nodes.

Abstract: A system and method for supporting network isolation in a multi-tenant cluster environment. An exemplary method can support one or more tenants, and can associate each of the one or more tenants with a partition of a plurality of partitions, and can also associate each of the plurality of partitions with one or more nodes of a plurality of nodes, each of the plurality of nodes being associated with a leaf switch of a plurality of switches. The method can mark each of the plurality of partitions with a policy parameter. The method can assign each node of the plurality of nodes a partitioning order based on the marked on the partition associated with each node. Finally, the method can, based at least upon the marking of the partition of the plurality of partitions, generate one or more linear forwarding tables for use in the multi-tenant cluster environment.

Abstract: An approach for dynamically segmenting traffic in a distributed computing environment is provided. The approach initiates a model allocation table by allocating traffic to one or more models. The approach retrieves a model identifier from a traffic segmentation table. The approach retrieves a current traffic allocation and a desired traffic allocation for the model identifier. The approach indicates a slot of the model identifier as free in the traffic segmentation table. The approach determines a number of slots to allocate to the model. The approach assigns one or more free slots to the model.

Abstract: An example method of receiving a data packet includes receiving a data packet at a channel receiver of at least one channel receiver each associated with a channel, providing the data packet to a data packet identification block that corresponds to the channel receiver, validating the data packet at the data packet identification block, and providing the validated data packet to an available decoder block of at least one decoder block capable of performing one or more decoding functions, where a quantity of the decoder blocks is less than a quantity of the data packet identification blocks and optimized according to one or more goals. If no decoder block is available and the validated data packet is a higher priority data packet, a decoder block processing a lower priority data packet may be forced to stop processing the lower priority data packet and process the higher priority data packet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for transmitting a packet in a communication system, the method comprising: generating drop information indicating at least one source packet to be dropped among source packets to be transmitted and whether or not to drop each of the other source packets except the at least one source packet; performing forward error correction (FEC) encoding on the drop information and the other source packets except the at least one source packet; generating a repair packet comprising repair data for restoring the drop information and a repair symbol for restoring the other source packets except the at least one source packet; and transmitting the other source packets except the at least one source packet and the repair packet.

Abstract: Systems and techniques are described for a path maximum transmission unit (MTU) discovery method that allows the sender of IP packets to discover the MTU of packets that it is sending over a conduit to a given destination. The MTU is the largest packet that can be sent through the network along a path without requiring fragmentation. The path MTU discovery method actively probes each sending path of each conduit with fragmentation enabled to determine a current MTU and accordingly increase or decrease the conduit MTU. The path MTU discovery process is resilient to errors and supports retransmission if packets are lost in the discovery process. The path MTU discovery process is dynamically adjusted at a periodic rate to adjust to varying network conditions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for management of persistent cookies in a corporate web portal are described. A plurality of zones may be defined and stored in memory. Each zone may be associated with a zone property indicative of whether cookies are allowed. A resource request may be received from a user device over a network where access to the requested resource may require a cookie. The user device may be classified into a zone from the plurality of zones based on the attributes of the user device. The cookie may be automatically installed on the user device based on a zone property for the zone and for those resources that have been configured to require installation of a cookie installed without requiring further user interaction following the request.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining whether to admit a virtual network using a set of communication network resources are provided. Different network resources can be owned by different infrastructure providers. Virtual network requests include a spatial profile of traffic requirements to be accommodated, and a determination is made as to whether the request can be accommodated based on available network resources. The resources include available backhaul link capacities. The resources can include computing resources for supporting service functions of the virtual network. Monitored network resource usage and traffic corresponding to the virtual network can be used to adjust future requests and accommodations. When a virtual network cannot be accommodated, a counter-offer can be made. Accommodation may incorporate monetary considerations. A feasibility computation of the admission procedure is formulated.

Abstract: Long distance cloud migration (LDCM) to overcome the limitations faced by the cloud migration techniques over long distance, high speed WAN infrastructures. LDCM overcomes the negative effects of existing TCP/IP mechanisms on the efficient use of available bandwidth. LDCM also acts as an acceleration engine to optimize various hypervisor, storage and security applications.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a QoS control method and a device for SDN. A control plane device includes: a determining unit, configured to determine a flow entry, where the flow entry includes QoS information, the QoS information is used to indicate a QoS processing rule, the QoS processing rule includes a QoS parameter, and the QoS processing rule is used to instruct to perform QoS control on a data packet according to the QoS parameter; and a sending unit, configured to send the flow entry to a forwarding plane device, so that the forwarding plane device obtains the QoS processing rule, and performs QoS control on a target packet according to the QoS parameter in the QoS processing rule, where the target packet is a data packet that matches the flow entry.

Abstract: A switching device in a network system for transferring data includes one or more source line cards, one or more destination line cards and a switching fabric coupled to the source line cards and the destination line cards to enable data communication between any source line card and destination line card. Each source line card includes a request generator to generate a request signal to be transmitted in order to obtain an authorization to transmit data. Each destination line card includes a grant generator to generate and send back a grant signal to the source line card in response to the request signal received at the destination line card to authorize the source line card to transmit a data cell to the destination line card.

Abstract: In an embodiment, at least one interface mechanism may be provided. The mechanism may permit, at least in part, at least one process allocate, at least in part, and/or configure, at least in part, at least one network-associated object. Such allocation and/or configuration, at least in part, may be in accordance with at least one parameter set that may correspond, at least in part, to at least one query issued by the at least one process via the mechanism. Many modifications are possible without departing from this embodiment.

Abstract: Network switching arrangements including: setting an operation mode of a target switching block to a operation mode that is different from an operation mode of a first switching block while the first switching block is handling a switching process, the target switching block being one switching block selected from second switching blocks; performing a switchover process including starting the switching process using the target switching block instead of the first switching block, after completion of setting the operation mode of the target switching block; and copying the switching information held by the first switching block to the target switching block, prior to starting the switching process using the target switching block, after completion of setting the operation mode of the target switching block.

Abstract: Techniques for handling dynamic cascade port/LAG changes in an extended bridge are provided. According to one embodiment, a first network device in an extended bridge can maintain a shadow table that stores information regarding one or more ports and one or more LAGs used to interconnect the network devices in the extended bridge. The first network device can further receive, from a user via a device UI, a command relating to a change to a port or a LAG, update the shadow table based on the change, transmit a change message to one or more other network devices affected by the change, and start a timer associated with the one or more other network devices. In various embodiments, the updating and the transmitting can be performed without blocking the user from entering further commands via the device UI.

Abstract: A superconducting cross-bar switch system comprises a first input port coupled to a first output port through a first variable inductance coupling element, and a second output port through a third variable inductance coupling element, and a second input port coupled to the first output port through a second variable inductance coupling element, and the second output port through a fourth variable inductance coupling element. A switch controller controls the setting of the cross-bar switch between a Bar state and a Cross state by changing the variable inductance coupling elements between opposing inductance states. This allows for selective routing of signals between the first input port to the first output port and the second input port to the second output port in the Bar state, and the first input port to the second output port and the second input port to the first output port in the Cross state.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, are described for storing message data in a PubSub system. In certain examples, messages are received from a plurality of publishers for a plurality of distinct channels. The messages are ordered and stored in a plurality of buffers, with each channel having its own respective buffer. After a message has been written to a writable portion of the buffer for a channel, a pointer demarking a boundary between a readable portion of the buffer and the writeable portion of the buffer is advanced in an atomic operation. Following the atomic operation, the message resides in the readable portion and may be accessed by PubSub system components and/or processes. In general, one or more subscribers, components, or processes may read messages from the readable portion, in parallel.

Abstract: A host connected to at least one data network has a processor having a plurality of cores, and a memory. A network interface controller is coupled to the host, and configured to transmit and receive data packets via multiple distinct physical ports. The host and the network interface controller are cooperative upon receiving a packet for storing the packet in a receive buffer of the memory, deciding in the host, responsively to a destination identifier in the packet, to forward the packet from the host to the at least one data network via another one of the physical ports, and selecting one of the cores to perform a send operation.

Abstract: A method comprising: (a) receiving an indication that, having completed composing a message in an instant messaging client application, a sending user has actuated a user interface control for triggering the instant messaging client application to send the message to a recipient user via an instant messaging service; (b) automatically detecting that the recipient user is not currently available via the instant messaging service; (c) in response to said detection, automatically controlling a user interface of the sending user terminal to output a prompt to the sending user asking for confirmation to send the message via email in lieu of the instant messaging service; and (d) in response to said confirmation, sending the message in an email to an email address of the recipient user.

Abstract: A method and system for sharing content in an instant messaging application are disclosed. According to one embodiment a computer-implemented method comprises logging content accessed by a first client, and a list of accessible content is updated and provided to the first client. A request is received from the first client to share first content of the list of accessible content with a second client, and a message is delivered to the second client, the message containing a link to the first content.

Abstract: A data structure defining two-level identification allows the integration of mobile instant messaging to Internet based instant messaging, for instance, by providing an identification of both a user of the IM system (IM user) and an IM client used to access an IM system (IM client). The client may be a hardware device, software, or a combination thereof. A method, a terminal device with the client installed, a server and a system are shown for communicating such identification information between the terminal device and the server with a primitive having such two-level identification contained in information elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for improved communication management. The present invention provides a platform for providing intuitive, semi-automated, large-scale, two-way text messaging communication between a client or customer (e.g., business or company) and participants/recipients tied to, or otherwise associated or registered with a service provided by the client or customer. The platform provides a consolidated web-based interface with which the client/customer may interact to manage the handling of participant data and to further manage the transmission of targeted outgoing text messages to one or more participants.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for improved communication management. The present invention provides a platform for providing intuitive, semi-automated, large-scale, two-way text messaging communication between a client or customer (e.g., business or company) and participants/recipients tied to, or otherwise associated or registered with a service provided by the client or customer. The platform provides a consolidated web-based interface with which the client/customer may interact to manage the handling of participant data and to further manage the transmission of targeted outgoing text messages to one or more participants.

Abstract: A system includes a memory configured to store computer-readable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the computer-readable instructions such that the one or more processors are configured to, receive a message from a first electronic device connected to a communication session for an instant messaging service, determine hidden attribute information for playing content corresponding to a keyword using the keyword further included in the message, if the message includes a desired character, add the determined hidden attribute information to the message, and transmit the message to which the hidden attribute information is added, to a second electronic device connected to the communication session through the communication session.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device including: a display that displays screens; a processor that displays, on the display of the electronic device, presence information of one or more counterpart devices associated with a first communication service provided through a browser application, receives a user input for communication with the one or more counterpart devices, and displays, on the display, a second screen of the browser application providing a second communication service in response to the user input; a first module including a plurality of modules for providing the first communication service; a second module including a plurality of modules for providing a second communication service; and a control module that controls the first module and the second module.

Abstract: Some embodiments described herein relate to a method that can include receiving a portion of a message from a sender device. A request to access the portion of the message can then be received from a recipient device. In response to receiving the request to access the portion of the message, a communication channel can be established to provide access to the portion of the message while the recipient device sends an indication that a predefined input is continuously supplied.

Abstract: A method of messaging control is implemented in a plant wide monitoring apparatus. A computer based framework infrastructure communicates with monitoring applications throughout the plant that are implemented on computers, monitors and computer-based applications. Sensors are placed on machinery and monitors receive sensor signals and generate event signals in response to defined physical occurrences, such as when vibration in a machine is exceeding a defined limit or a sensor is failing. A messaging application in the framework infrastructure generates messages corresponding to the event signals. The messages are transmitted to users based on send rules and suppression rules, which are user configurable. The send rules identify messages to be sent or not sent to a particular user based on characteristics of event signals. The suppression rules prevent the transmission of a message based on both the content of a particular event signal plus an external factor, such as a prior event signal.

Abstract: A system and method for sharing a digital message with a user over a network, including a tag associated with the digital message, and a user device capable of communicating over the network, the user device including a tag reader for detecting, reading and decoding information relating to the tag, a memory for storing information relating to the user, and a software application for transmitting the information relating to the tag and the information relating to the user and for receiving the digital message based on the information relating to the tag and the information relating to the user over the network, wherein the user device displays the digital message.

Abstract: System, method and electronic device providing proximity based communication and notification are disclosed. Presence of the electronic device is detected in a pre-defined area according to a detection methodology. The electronic device is then engaged according to an availability of identification details of the electronic device. The electronic device receives one time authentication request to collect the business identity and map it with the network identity. The business identity of the electronic device is verified and contact details of the electronic device are obtained. Subsequently when the electronic device enters the proximity range of a WiFi network, the system identifies its presence. The system identifies the contact details of the device based on the mapping of the network identity and business identity of the electronic device. The system sends multi-mode message communications to the electronic device based on defined proximity rules.

Abstract: A method and system for distributing messages sent from senders to receivers in a reliable and real-time manner. Some of the receivers are designated as recording receivers that are responsible for recording each message that it receives so it can provide to other receivers messages they have missed. When a sender distributes a message, it waits for an acknowledgement from a recorder that it received and recorded the message. If an acknowledgement is received, then the sender knows at least one recorder has a copy of the message that that recorder can provide to other receivers that missed the message. When a receiver detects that it missed a message, it then initiates a “hole filling” process that distributes a request for the missing message to the recorders. A recorder who can provide the missing message sends to the requesting receiver a response indicating it can provide the missing message.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method for sending a microblog onto a television and the television and relate to the technical field of information processing to solve the problem that in the prior art, the microblog cannot be sent on the television. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps of: acquiring a microblog sending starting command input by a user; acquiring a program name corresponding to a current program being played if a microblog account number logs in; processing the program name according to a preset format of a microblog head to generate a microblog head; acquiring a microblog comment content input by the user according to the microblog head; and sending the microblog head and the microblog comment content to a microblog server by using the microblog account number.

Abstract: Methods and systems for publishing content received via a cellular message to a social networking server to convert visitors of the published content into customers are provided. An agent executing on a device including one or more processors receives, via a cellular communication channel, a cellular message to publish content included in the cellular message to a server of a social networking web site. The agent identifies, from the cellular message, an entity corresponding to one of a tag or address included in the cellular message. The agent identifies a uniform resource locator (URL) of the entity based on the content included in the cellular message. The agent communicates a request to publish the content included in the cellular message to the server. The request includes the URL of the entity to direct traffic from the server to a resource of the entity corresponding to the URL.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a communication module configured to communicate with an external device, an input module configured to receive an input, and a processor configured to send a request for following a second user to a content providing server, if the request for following the second user is received from a first user and to receive at least one content, to which the second user subscribes, from the content providing server.

Abstract: The present disclosure can select a communication identifier for a device of a content provider. A system receives a request for content for display. The system identifies a content item responsive to the request. The system determines a feature of the computing device and a feature of the content item. The system selects a type of phone number for a content provider of the content item based on both the feature of the computing device and the feature of the content item. The system identifies a phone number for the content item corresponding to the type of phone number. The system transmits the phone number for the content item for display via a computing device. The system identifies, responsive to an indication to establish a communication corresponding to the phone number for the content item, a phone number for the device of the content provider.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method and apparatus for resolving domain name system queries using unique top-level domains in a private network space are disclosed. For example, the method determines that a domain name service query specifies a destination residing in a private network space rather than in a public Internet space. The method then routes the domain name service query to a top-level domain name service server associated with the private network space, without routing the domain name service query to a root domain name service server in the public Internet space. The top-level domain name system server resides in the highest level of a hierarchy of domain name system servers belonging to the private network space.

Abstract: Techniques for monitoring zone file changes are presented. The techniques may include obtaining at least one zone change request and parsing the at least one zone change request to obtain at least one change request unit. The techniques may include obtaining a last published zone file, obtaining a new zone file, and comparing the last published zone file to the new zone file to obtain at least one difference object. The techniques may include matching the at least one difference object to the at least one change request unit to identify at least one unmatched difference object. The techniques may include providing a human readable report comprising an indication of the at least one unmatched difference object.