Abstract: Process and plant for conversion of a feed hydrocarbon stream to liquid hydrocarbon products in a small scale GTL plant, comprising the use of a cryogenic air separation unit (ASU), optionally together with vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA), an autothermal reformer (ATR) or catalytic partial oxidation (CPO), and pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit to produce a synthesis gas for downstream Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis for production of liquid hydrocarbons.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the invention, furnace tubes for cracking hydrocarbons having a longitudinal array of pins having i) a maximum height from 0.5-1.3 cm; ii) a contact surface with the tube, having an area from 0.1%-10% of the tube external surface area iii) a uniform cross section along the length of the pin. (i.e. they are not tapered); and iv) a length to diameter ratio from 1.5:1 to 0.5:1 have an improved heat transfer over bare fins and reduced stress relative to a fined tube.

Abstract: Methods and systems for cracking a light fuel fraction and a heavy fuel fraction by fluidized catalytic cracking are described herein. The method for cracking may include feeding the light fuel fraction and a catalyst from a catalyst regenerator into a first reactor, cracking the light fuel fraction in the first reactor to produce an at least partially cracked light fuel fraction, transporting the at least partially cracked light fuel fraction and the catalyst from the first reactor to a second reactor, feeding the heavy fuel fraction into the second reactor, cracking the heavy fuel fraction and the at least partially cracked light fuel fraction in the second reactor to produce at least a product fuel and a spent catalyst, and transporting the spent catalyst to the catalyst regenerator and regenerating the catalyst in the catalyst regenerator.

Abstract: The invention relates to removing contaminants from jet fuel or kerosene using solid sorbents that are comprised primarily of carbon and preferably of coke particles. The coke particles have an affinity for contaminants in jet fuel and kerosene and are sized to be filtered from the liquid fuel without plugging. As the contaminants agglomerate onto the solid sorbent, the resulting particles form a filter cake on conventional filter materials in such a way as to allow the jet fuel or kerosene to pass on through without significant pressure drop or delay.

Abstract: A technique for treating heavy hydrocarbon oil in the oil production process or oil refining process. A method and apparatus for adding and mixing a liquid phase of hydrocarbon oil to a hydrocarbon oil feedstock containing heavy hydrocarbon oil in an oil production process or oil refining process including a hydrocarbon oil dehydration process, thereby processing the heavy hydrocarbon oil to be lighter and thus increasing the throughput of the heavy hydrocarbon oil.

Abstract: A method to remove a metals impurity from a petroleum feedstock for use in a power generating process is provided. The method comprising the steps of mixing a heated feedstock with a heated water stream in a mixing device to produce a mixed stream; introducing the mixed stream to a supercritical water reactor in the absence of externally provided hydrogen and externally provided oxidizing agent to produce a reactor effluent comprising a refined petroleum portion; cooling the reactor effluent to produce a cooled stream; feeding the cooled stream to a rejecter configured to separate a sludge fraction to produce a de-sludged stream; reducing the pressure of the de-sludged stream to produce a depressurized product; separating the depressurized product to produce a gas phase product and a liquid product; separating the liquid product to produce a petroleum product, having a reduced asphaltene content, reduced concentration of metals impurity, and reduced sulfur.

Abstract: Rheology modifying agents and methods of modifying the rheology of a slurry are disclosed. Methods for the prevention of fouling and methods for monitoring the rheology of a slurry are also provided. The slurry can be a lime slurry or a magnesium oxide slurry, for example. The rheology modifying agent can be polymer-grafted nanocrystalline cellulose. The rheology modifying agent can optionally include other components, such as a chelating agent.

Abstract: A device for reacting an organic starting material to yield a gas that includes hydrogen has a feed device, a tubular furnace with an entry zone, an interior space, an axis of rotation and an exit side, and a water feed arranged by the feed device or entry zone and controllable as a function of the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture. The feed device feeds the starting material in the region of the entry zone into the interior space of the tubular furnace, from which a solid material and a gas mixture is discharged. The tubular furnace has a compensator for different thermal expansions of a first zone and a second zone. A gas-conducting system includes a gas monitor for the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Fuel Supplement comprising of selected plant oils mixed in given proportions, which when added to fuels like petrol and diesel can reduce harmful emissions during combustion of fuel. It can significantly decrease the Sulphur content in fuels and thus protect the environment from harmful pollutants. It improves the fuel lubricity and engine performance. It also increases the flash point of Diesel.

Abstract: This invention relates to the fuels, and can be used in the national economy as a motor fuel equivalent by its physical and chemical properties to the oil motor fuel. The technical result of this invention is a biofuel produced, which allows to improve the combustion process efficiency in engine operation, increase engine power and reduce the startup time. In addition, this product can be used to reduce harmful emissions from the engine with significant cost reduction by using components based on low-cost large tonnage products available provided with domestic raw materials, including renewable ones, improve cold flow performance and increase the cetane number. This effect can be achieved by the biofuel as a mixture of dietilformal 40-80 by vol. % and glycerides of unsaturated fatty acids 20-60 by vol. %. Vegetable oils are used as glycerides of unsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: The present technology is related to imide containing quaternary ammonium salts having a hydrocarbyl substituent of number average molecular weight of 1300 to 3000, and the use of such quaternary ammonium salts in fuel compositions or lubricating compositions to improve the water shedding performance of the fuel or lubricant composition.

Abstract: A lubricating base stock comprising an alkyl aromatic, a blend of additives, a blend of oil soluble polyalkylene glycols and a blend of polyolefins. In the lubricating base stock, the blend of polyolefins comprises at least one metallocene polyolefin.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are lubricating compositions and methods of use of the same, including for, e.g., use in metalworking operations.

Abstract: The present technology is related to quaternary ammonium salts prepared with alcohol functionalized and/or C4 to C20 epoxide quaternizing agents, such as, for example, glycidol and 1,2-butylene oxide, and the use of such quaternary ammonium salts in fuel compositions to improve the water shedding performance of the fuel composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antiwear agent and lubricating compositions thereof. The invention further provides for a method of lubricating a driveline device application by employing a lubricating composition containing the antiwear agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil compositions comprising (a) a major amount of one or more Group II basestocks, and (b) a detergent composition comprising (i) one or more alkaline earth metal salts of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid having a total base number (TBN) greater than 250, and (ii) one or more high overbased alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof; wherein the aromatic moiety of the alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or salts thereof contains no hydroxyl groups; and wherein the marine diesel cylinder lubricating oil composition has a TBN of about 5 to about 120.

Abstract: An aqueous composition comprising: (a) at least one 3-isothiazolone; and (b) at least one tertiary amine having three C2-C6 hydroxyalkyl groups, wherein at least one of the hydroxyalkyl groups has a secondary hydroxyl group.

Abstract: The method for treating a microalgal biomass, characterized in the following steps: having a microalgal biomass comprising at least 15% by weight of lipids relative to the total weight of the biomass and having a dry matter concentration of between 1 g/l and 200 g/l, milling said biomass by a bead mill, operated under the following conditions: the mean diameter of the beads (dGM) ranges from 0.2 to 2.5×10?3 m, preferably from 0.4 to 1.0×10?3 m and is preferably approximately 0.6×10?3 m, the blade-tip agitation speed (?) ranges from 4 to 50 m·s?1, preferably from 5 to 20 m·s?1 and is preferably approximately 8 m·sec?1; recovering the composition obtained.

Abstract: A fatty acid composition comprises: greater than 60% by weight stearic acid; from 3 to 30% by weight oleic acid; and less than 10% by weight palmitic acid. The composition may be used in the preparation of a triglyceride.

Abstract: A method of extracting oil from oilseed comprising pressing seeds within a screw press including a screw auger rotatably mounted within a cylindrical expeller body, wherein the expeller body comprises a feed section, a compression section, and a discharge section, wherein at least one outlet is provided in the expeller body, preferably in or adjacent the feed section of the expeller, said method comprising the step of controlling the temperature of at least the compression section of the expeller by means such that the temperature of the material within the compression section does not exceed the glass transition temperature of the seeds.

Abstract: A method for reducing neutral oil losses during a neutralization step including (1) mixing an acid-treated vegetable oil with a base to neutralize (a) free fatty acid and (b) added acid in the acid-treated vegetable oil to obtain a pretreated mixture; (2) subjecting the pretreated mixture to at least two successive cycles of localized shear effects, each cycle including a step of forcing the pretreated mixture at a pressure through one or more nozzles, each cycle of localized shear effects having a shear duration time of less than 5×105 seconds and a shear rate of at least about 6000 sec?1.

Abstract: A method is provided for processing an organic oil in steps, including the following: A) providing a raw oil; B) degumming the raw oil by adding water or acid to the raw oil and forming at least two phases, an aqueous phase and an oil phase, and separating the aqueous phase enriched in phospholipid from the oil phase; C) adding sodium hydrogencarbonate and/or sodium acetate to the oil phase from step B, and removing alkaline-earth compounds and/or phospholipids and/or stearyl glycosides, in solution or suspension in an aqueous phase, from the oil phase.

Abstract: A process for associating a scent with an article of clothing including the steps of: providing an article of clothing worn on a body; providing a fluid pervious substrate carrying a perfume in a solid matrix on, within, at least partially enclosed by, or enclosed by the substrate; contacting the clothing with said substrate.

Abstract: A method and an plant for separating wax from a dried wax coated plant material, comprising mechanically processing the plant material in a dry process by using an apparatus adapted for deforming at least the outer surface of the plant material, so that the wax coating is cracked and released from the remaining, partly de-waxed, plant material; separating the plant material in a separator into a portion A comprising plant material with a relatively high content of cracked and released wax coating and a relatively low content of the remaining, partly de-waxed, plant material, and a portion B comprising respectively a relatively low content cracked and released wax coating and a relatively high content of the remaining, partly de-waxed, plant material; liquefying the wax contained in portion A, and separating the liquefied wax from the remaining, partly de-waxed, plant material in portion A.

Abstract: Products produced from distillers corn oil include once refined corn oil product, food grade corn oil product, and free fatty acid product which may be used in a variety of applications. The products have varying specifications for free fatty acid content and moisture content. The applications include food, feed, additives, and manufacture of industrial products.

Abstract: A method for producing monovalent unsaturated free fatty acids having 20 and/or 22 carbons or low-grade alcohol esters thereof, said method involving the following: obtaining free fatty acids or low-grade alcohol esters through the hydrolysis or alcoholysis of oils and fats derived from marine products; carrying out distillation on the free fatty acids or low-grade alcohol esters, and reducing the concentration of fatty acids with 18 or less carbons in the low-grade alcohol esters or free fatty acids; and collecting fractions of monovalent unsaturated free fatty acids having 20 and/or 22 carbons or low-grade alcohol esters thereof by column chromatography based on reversed-phase distribution.

Abstract: An aqueous solution contains a nonionic surfactant, a alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy phosphate and an alkyl glucoside selected from a group consisting of alkyl glucosides characterized by the alkyl group having eight or fewer carbons and when the alkyl group has eight carbons it is a branched alkyl having a linear six carbon chain with a two carbon branch, where the aqueous solution is further characterized by containing less than 0.3 weight-percent cumene sulfonic acid or its alkali salt based on total aqueous solution weight and the alkyl glucoside is present at a concentration greater than alkyl glucosides having an alkyl group with more than eight carbons, as well as its uses for increasing the cloud point and decreasing the foaming properties.

Abstract: A composition including a plurality of particles, wherein the particles include: about 30% to about 95% by weight of a carrier; about 0.1% to about 30% by weight of a perfume; and about 0.00025% to about 30% by weight of a malodor agent; wherein the malodor agent comprises one or more malodor reduction materials having a Blocker Index of less than 3 or a Blocker Index average of 3 to about 0.001; and wherein each of the particles has a mass between about 0.1 mg to about 5 g.

Abstract: A method of treating fabrics to reduce or eliminate stains using an amylase containing detergent composition, even for stains which are not typically removed using amylase.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a detergent and a pharmaceutical composition comprising a deoxyribonuclease (DNase), wherein the DNase is obtained from a fungal source. It further concerns a laundering method and the use of DNase. The present invention further relates to polypeptides having DNase activity, nucleotides encoding the polypeptide, as well as methods of producing the polypeptides.

Abstract: A process for associating a scent with a laundry article including the steps of: providing a fluid pervious substrate carrying a perfume on, within, or at least partially enclosed by the substrate; placing the substrate in proximity to a partially saturated laundry article within a container or pile; transferring the laundry article and the substrate from the container or the pile into a washing machine; and washing the laundry article together with the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of using an automatic dishwashing detergent composition that is formulated to provide effective cleaning at low temperatures.

Abstract: Composition, method and system for PVD TiN hard mask removal from 28/20 nm pattern wafers have been disclosed. The composition uses peroxide as oxidizing agent for PVD TiN hard mask removal under slightly basic conditions. The composition comprises bulky or long chain organic amines or polyalkylamine to improve removal/etching selectivity of PVD TiN vs CVD TiN. The composition further comprises long chain organic acids or amines to maintain Co compatibility.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microcapsule composition produced by crosslinking of a polybranched polyamine and a small amine, which is used for stabilizing detergent components.

Abstract: An array of fabric treatment products including a wetted wipe, a spay dispensing container containing a wrinkle reducing composition, and a substrate carrying perfume on, within, or at least partially enclosed by the substrate.

Abstract: The invention includes a solid rinse aid that is particularly designed for pressed or extrusion solid formation and which is effective for spotless surfaces after rinsing, especially rinsing metals without corrosion. According to the invention, a solid acid is combined with a short-chain alkylbenzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate. The short-chain alkylbenzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate act as a solidification agent as well as a hydrotrope, and total dissolved solid (TDS) active and are combined with at least one nonionic low foaming surfactant.

Abstract: The problem of the present invention is to provide a beer-like drink having enhanced beer-like taste thickness, body feeling and complex taste. The means for solving the problem is a beer-like drink obtained by including a fatty acid having 8 to 14 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for the fermentation of a beverage by use of continuous flow is provided. The fermented beverage can be any of a wine, beer, mead, ale, soda, cider, or other. The invention provides for small-scale fermentation that can be done in a much shorter time than previous batch fermentations. The small-scale and shortened time allows for variables to be introduced and tested to produce new varieties, flavors, qualities, and other combinations that are inputs of the fermented beverage.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for masking the bitterness and astringency of an unrefined distilled plum liquor. By incorporating a specified amount of at least one selected from isobutyric acid, acetic acid, and benzaldehyde in an unrefined distilled plum liquor, there can be provided a distilled plum liquor in which the bitterness and astringency derived from the unrefined distilled plum liquor is masked.

Abstract: An alcoholic beverage maturing device is provided including a container and an ultrasonic energy device. The container defines an interior volume for holding an alcoholic beverage and the ultrasonic energy device is configured for subjecting the alcohol beverage within the interior volume of the container to ultrasonic energy. The ultrasonic energy device defines a range of exposure of ultrasonic energy to the interior volume of the container that is greater than 180 degrees in order to efficiently subject the alcoholic beverage contained therein to ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for making a concentrated vinegar product by simple evaporation, which concentrated vinegar product can also be used as intermediate in the production of products that can be listed on food labels as “vinegar”.

Abstract: A bioreactor system for preparing a cardiac organoid chamber and for subsequent testing thereof is described herein and shown in the exemplary drawing figures. The bioreactor system includes a first vessel having a hollow interior and an open top. A first cover is mated with the open top of the first vessel. The first cover has a first opening formed therein. The system further includes a cannula having a lumen that extends from an open first end to an open second end. The cannula is disposed within the first opening of the first cover such that a portion of the cannula lies below the first cover and for insertion into the hollow interior of the first vessel. A porous ring is coupled to the cannula at or proximate the open second end thereof. The system also includes a balloon catheter having an inflatable balloon at a distal end of a catheter shaft. The balloon catheter is adapted to pass through the lumen of the cannula when the balloon is in a deflated state.

Abstract: A composition, including a substrate having a planar array of depressions each defined by concave walls and a moat disposed around each depression of said array of depressions.

Abstract: A bioreactor system and packaging is provided. The bioreactor system includes a vessel for housing biomaterials for processing and a support structure. The vessel includes a flexible material defining a chamber and a mixing system positioned within the chamber. The mixing system includes an agitator for imparting motion and mixing to the contents of the vessel and includes a base affixed to the flexible material at a base section of the chamber, a shaft moveably mounted in the base and extending from the base into the chamber and at least one mixing element mounted to the shaft, the shaft configured to be driven by a motor magnetically coupled to the shaft and external to the lower portion of the chamber. The support structure is connected to the mixing system such that the shaft is moveable therein and configured to cooperate with an external structure to provide support for the shaft.

Abstract: A screw conveyor for introducing organic matter into a biogas digester that is under internal gas pressure. A biogas plant may be provided with such a screw conveyor, and methods for feeding organic solids to such a biogas plant may be performed. A plug section of the screw conveyor has an expansion region in which the passage cross-section between the conveying screw and the screw pipe widens in the conveying direction and a constriction region located downstream from the expansion region, in which the passage cross-section between the conveying screw and the screw pipe is reduced in the conveying direction.

Abstract: Strategies to control the level of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and/or pH in small volume reactor chambers, and associated articles, systems, and methods, are generally provided. In certain embodiments, the reactor chambers can be configured to contain at least one biological cell.

Abstract: A bioreactor includes a fermentation tank and an external loop passage having a first end connected to an inlet port of the fermentation tank and a second end connected to an outlet port of the fermentation tank. A pressurized gas source is in fluid communication with at least one oxygenation port connected with the external loop passage, to supply pressurized gas to a liquid medium passing through the external loop passage, wherein the pressurized gas is sufficient to dissolve oxygen into the liquid medium and to force the liquid medium into the fermentation tank through the inlet port. A vent port is connected with a top portion of the fermentation tank for exhausting pressurized gas from the fermentation tank.

Abstract: A cell-culturing system includes: a solution-holding means holding a medium; and a solution-supplying means supplying the solution supplied thereto from the solution-holding means to a cell-culturing container. The solution-supplying means may supply a solution to the container via a solution dripping step. The container may be connected to the solution-supplying means at a position that is lower than the solution-supplying means in a direction in which gravity acts; the solution-supplying means may have a space in which the solution supplied thereto from the solution-holding means is made to drip; the system may be provided with a discharging port discharging the solution at a position in a container side surface at a desired height; and the solution may be discharged outside when the height of a top surface of the solution in the container reaches the port as a result of supplying the solution to the container from the solution-supplying means.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a system and method for control of at least one bioreactor, other cell cultivation-related equipment, and systems containing any combination of these in a plant. For example, a Plant-Wide Control System (PWCS) or a Process Control System (PCS) may be divided into three main components: hardware (including operating systems, such as a controller communicating with one or more servers of a network associated with the PWCS, (2) software (such as a control module) for performing control, and (3) one or more instrument control loops, which may be used by the software to maintain certain process values. Moreover, a Height Equivalent of a Theoretical Plate (HETP) value and an asymmetry factor may be determined based on real-time analysis on a chromatography column, using PWCS components.

Abstract: A fermentation system includes a fermentation tank, a plurality of sensors operable to measure a plurality of fermentation system parameters, a plurality of mechanisms operable to control the fermentation system parameters, and a controller in electronic communication with the sensors and with the mechanisms. The controller includes a memory, a receiver circuit, a transmitting circuit, and a control circuit. The memory stores a plurality of recipes each defining user operating instructions and parameter settings. The receiver circuit is configured to receive a batch identification code associated in the memory with one of the recipes. The transmitting circuit is configured to communicate the user operating instructions defined by the associated one of the recipes. The control circuit is configured to operate the mechanisms to adjust the fermentation system parameters in accordance with the parameter settings defined by the associated one of the recipes.