Abstract: Methods for conveying Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis (FOM) race 1,2 resistance into non-resistant melon germplasm are provided. In some embodiments, the methods include introgressing FOM race 1,2 resistance into a non-resistant melon using one or more nucleic acid markers for marker-assisted selection among melon lines to be used in a melon breeding program, wherein the markers are linked to FOM race 1,2 resistance. Also provided are quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to FOM race 1,2; isolated and purified genetic markers associated with FOM race 1,2 resistance; melon plants, seeds, and tissue cultures produced by any of the disclosed methods; fruit and seed produced by the disclosed melon plants; and compositions including amplification primer pairs capable of initiating DNA polymerization by a DNA polymerase on melon nucleic acid templates to generate melon marker amplicons.

Abstract: The invention provides seed and plants of pepper hybrid SV2691PS and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of pepper hybrid SV2691PS and the parent lines thereof, and to methods for producing a pepper plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another pepper plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants, including the fruit and gametes of such plants.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a novel chia (Salvia hispanica L.) variety, designated Sahi Alba 914 which is independent of photoperiod, in contrast to its closest relatives. This allows the variety to be sown earlier, and to be grown at higher latitudes such as the United States. This invention thus relates to the seeds of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) variety Sahi Alba 914, to the plants of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) variety Sahi Alba 914, to plant parts of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) variety Sahi Alba 914, to methods for producing a chia (Salvia hispanica L.) variety by crossing the chia (Salvia hispanica L.) variety Sahi Alba 914 with another chia (Salvia hispanica L.) variety, and to methods for producing a chia (Salvia hispanica L.) variety containing in its genetic material one or more backcross conversion traits or transgenes and to the backcross conversion chia (Salvia hispanica L.) plants and plant parts produced by those methods.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a cotton variety, designated PX433906WRF, the plants and seeds of the cotton variety PX433906WRF, methods for producing a cotton plant, either varietal or hybrid, produced by crossing the cotton variety PX433906WRF with itself or with another cotton plant, hybrid cotton seeds and plants produced by crossing the variety PX433906WRF with another cotton variety or plan, methods for producing a cotton plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes, and the transgenic cotton plants produced by that method. This disclosure also relates to cotton varieties derived from cotton variety PX433906WRF, to methods for producing other cotton varieties derived from cotton variety PX433906WRF, and to the varieties derived by the use of those methods.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated PHVWJ and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PHVWJ with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHVWJ through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PHVWJ or a locus conversion of PHVWJ with another maize variety.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X18F972 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof are produced by crossing inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant by crossing hybrid maize variety X18F972 with another maize plant are disclosed. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X18F972 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X18F972, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X18F972. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X18F972.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X13F324 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof are produced by crossing inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant by crossing hybrid maize variety X13F324 with another maize plant are disclosed. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X13F324 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X13F324, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X13F324. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X13F324.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alfalfa seed designated HybriForce-3400 and deposited as ATCC Accession Number PTA-123758. Also disclosed are plants, or parts thereof, grown from the seed of the cultivar, plants having the morphological and physiological characteristics of the HybriForce-3400 cultivar, and methods of using the plant or parts thereof in alfalfa breeding and alfalfa transformation.

Abstract: A rice cultivar designated 133009 is disclosed. Seeds of rice cultivar 133009, plants of rice cultivar 133009 and methods for producing a rice plant by crossing line 133009 with itself or another rice cultivar are also disclosed. Hybrid rice seeds and plants are produced by crossing rice cultivar 133009 with another rice cultivar with a different genome.

Abstract: Disclosed is the seed of a novel soybean variety, designated 32Y13R4, a sample of which is deposited under ATCC Accession No. PTA-123695. Also disclosed are plants, or parts thereof, grown from the seed of the variety, plants having the morphological and physiological characteristics of the 32Y13R4 variety, and methods of using the plant or parts thereof in a soybean breeding program.

Abstract: Disclosed is the seed of a novel soybean variety, designated 008G13R2, a sample of which is deposited under ATCC Accession No. PTA-123620. Also disclosed are plants, or parts thereof, grown from the seed of the variety, plants having the morphological and physiological characteristics of the 008G13R2 variety, and methods of using the plant or parts thereof in a soybean breeding program.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated WB9483. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar WB9483. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar WB9483 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar WB9483 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated WB9312. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar WB9312. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar WB9312 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar WB9312 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated WB9200. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar WB9200. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar WB9200 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar WB9200 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 43284597 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 43284597, to the plants of soybean cultivar 43284597, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 43284597, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 43284597. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 43284597. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 43284597, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 43284597 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 41372926 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 41372926, to the plants of soybean cultivar 41372926, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 41372926, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 41372926. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 41372926. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 41372926, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 41372926 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated S150106 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S150106, to the plants of soybean cultivar S150106, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar S150106, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar S150106. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S150106. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S150106, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar S150106 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated BZ908-418. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar BZ908-418. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar BZ908-418 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar BZ908-418 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated BZ9S09-0133W. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar BZ9S09-0133W. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar BZ9S09-0133W and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar BZ9S09-0133W with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated HV9W09-0640. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar HV9W09-0640. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar HV9W09-0640 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar HV9W09-0640 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated HV9W10-0091. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0091. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0091 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0091 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated HV9W10-0129. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0129. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0129 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0129 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated HV9W10-0458. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0458. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0458 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0458 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wheat cultivar designated HV9W10-0887. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0887. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0887 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing wheat plants by crossing the wheat cultivar HV9W10-0887 with itself or another wheat cultivar and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X08H816 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof are produced by crossing inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant by crossing hybrid maize variety X08H816 with another maize plant are disclosed. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X08H816 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X08H816, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X08H816. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X08H816.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X08H731 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof are produced by crossing inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant by crossing hybrid maize variety X08H731 with another maize plant are disclosed. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X08H731 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X08H731, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X08H731. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X08H731.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated PH25K0 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof are provided. Methods for producing a maize plant comprise crossing maize variety PH25K0 with another maize plant are provided. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH25K0 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby are provided. Hybrid maize seed, plants or plant parts are produced by crossing the variety PH25K0 or a locus conversion of PH25K0 with another maize variety.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated PH25K1 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof are provided. Methods for producing a maize plant comprise crossing maize variety PH25K1 with another maize plant are provided. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH25K1 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby are provided. Hybrid maize seed, plants or plant parts are produced by crossing the variety PH25K1 or a locus conversion of PH25K1 with another maize variety.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated PH25VV and seed, plants and plant parts thereof are provided. Methods for producing a maize plant comprise crossing maize variety PH25VV with another maize plant are provided. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH25VV through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby are provided. Hybrid maize seed, plants or plant parts are produced by crossing the variety PH25VV or a locus conversion of PH25VV with another maize variety.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated CV075088. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CV075088, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CV075088 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety CV075088 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line. The invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety CV075088.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH715564. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH715564, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH715564 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH715564.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH950260. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH950260, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH950260 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH950260.

Abstract: The invention provides seed and plants of spinach hybrid SV4333VC and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of spinach hybrid SV4333VC and the parent lines thereof, and to methods for producing a spinach plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another spinach plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants, including the leaf and gametes of such plants.

Abstract: A clover cultivar, designated clover variety GO-BAL-10, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of clover variety GO-BAL-10, to the plants of clover variety GO-BAL-10 and to methods for producing a clover plant by crossing the clover variety GO-BAL-10 with itself or another clover cultivar. This invention also relates to clover cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from clover variety GO-BAL-10, to methods for producing other clover cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from clover variety GO-BAL-10 and to the clover plants, varieties, and their parts derived from the use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid clover seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing clover variety GO-BAL-10 with another clover cultivar.

Abstract: The present invention relates to preparing dairy animal teats for being milked, and more particularly to teat preparation, rinsing, and milking that all take place in a milking machine teat cup liner. Such a method includes: applying a teat sanitizer to the teat; injecting air into the liner to force the teat sanitizer toward a waste milk line connected to the liner; pulsating the liner at a first pulsation rate; drawing a rinsing milk from the teat; directing the teat sanitizer, the air, and the rinsing fluid to the waste milk line; pulsating the liner at a second pulsation rate to draw additional milk from the teat; and directing the additional milk to a good milk line.

Abstract: A system includes a milking stall to accommodate a dairy livestock and a robotic attacher. The robotic attacher extends under the dairy livestock and comprises a nozzle. The robotic attacher is operable to rotate such that, during a first operation, the nozzle is positioned generally on the bottom of the robotic attacher, and during a second operation, the nozzle is positioned generally on the top of the robotic attacher.

Abstract: A robotic attacher comprises a gripping portion, a vision system positioned on a first surface of the gripping portion, and at least one nozzle positioned on a second surface of the gripping portion. The gripping portion is rotates about a longitudinal axis such that during a first time, the vision system is positioned generally on the top of the gripping portion, and during a second time, the nozzle is positioned generally on the top of the gripping portion.

Abstract: A system for operating a robotic arm comprises a carriage and a robotic arm. The carriage is mounted on a track adjacent to a rotary milking platform having a substantially circular perimeter and a stall for a dairy livestock. The carriage moves along a substantially straight portion of the track tangent to and outside the perimeter of the rotary milking platform at a rate based at least in part upon a speed of rotation of the rotary milking platform. The carriage moves in a direction corresponding to the direction of rotation of the rotary milking platform and such movement of the carriage is independent of any physical coupling between the carriage and the rotary milking platform. The robotic arm extends between the legs of the dairy livestock.

Abstract: A system includes a camera, a controller and a robotic arm. The camera generates an image of an udder of a dairy livestock. The controller determines a position of the udder of the dairy livestock based at least in part upon the image. The controller further determines a spray position based at least in part upon the determined position of the udder of the dairy livestock. Determining the spray position includes processing the accessed image to determine a tangent at the rear of the udder and a tangent at the bottom of the udder. The spray position is a position relative to the intersection of the two tangents. The robotic arm is communicatively coupled to the controller and positions a spray tool at the spray position.

Abstract: A water absorbing material that is suitable for being discarded by being flushed down a flush toilet is provided. The water absorbing material includes only an organic substance containing no nutrients.

Abstract: A hay bale flaking device mountable on a wheeled vehicle such as a trailer is provided. The flaking device employs a ram to translate a hay bale on a ramp, and underneath a cutting blade which at timed intervals cuts flakes of hay from the distal end of the hay bale. The timing and thickness of the flakes may be adjustably controlled. A secondary bale of hay may be carried by the device for positioning upon the ramp subsequent to use of a previous bale to make flakes.

Abstract: An animal feed dispenser includes a feeding tube for receiving a predetermined amount of animal feed from a hopper. The feeding tube includes at least one opening through which animals may access the interior of the feeding tube. The opening may be closed by a movable closure flap so as to restrict access to the animal feed located within the feeding tube.

Abstract: Methods for cleaning or disinfecting water delivery systems, self-cleaning or self-disinfecting water delivery systems, and inserts for use in cleaning or disinfecting water delivery systems utilize cationic steroidal antimicrobial (CSA) molecules to kill microbes and/or break up biofilms within water delivery systems. The methods and systems involve adding CSA molecules to water to form an aqueous CSA composition and passing the aqueous CSA composition through the water delivery system, such as a water storage vessel and/or water delivery line to clean or disinfect the water delivery system. CSA molecules can be added to a water storage vessel, water delivery line, or well, such as by a solid or liquid CSA composition. A CSA-eluting composition may provide CSA molecules to water to form an aqueous CSA composition that passes through or is stored within the water delivery system. CSA molecules provided to agricultural animals in drinking water may improve animal health.

Abstract: A toy for a pet generally includes a housing defining an opening, and an insert configured to fit at least partly within the opening of the housing. The insert is expandable from a first configuration in which the insert is capable of freely moving into and/or out of the opening of the housing to a second configuration in which the insert is inhibited from moving out of the opening of the housing. In some aspects, the insert is configured to substantially fill the opening of the housing when in the second configuration. In some aspect, the housing may have multiple openings, each capable of receiving an insert. And, in some aspects, the insert is expandable from the first configuration to the second configuration by heating the insert or exposing the insert to microwave energy.

Abstract: A bird feeder system includes a tray, a packaging system, and a housing. The tray defines a receptacle configured to hold a consumable, such as bird seed. The packaging system is configured to retain the consumable in the receptacle of the tray. At least part of the packaging system is configured to open to allow access to the consumable in the receptacle. The housing has a tray engagement structure configured to secure the tray to the housing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for delivering substances to specific embryonic structures, including heart and blood vessels, within a developing avian egg. The disclosure also relates to methods of using the device to produce enhanced avian embryos. Methods include administering to chicken embryos various substances, including vaccines, nutrients, and stem cells. Chickens resulting from enhanced avian embryos have advantages, including greater growth potential and resistance to pathogen infection/infestation.

Abstract: Genetically modified mice and methods for making an using them are provided, wherein the mice comprise a replacement of all or substantially all immunoglobulin heavy chain V gene segments, D gene segments, and J gene segments with at least one light chain V gene segment and at least one light chain J gene segment. Mice that make binding proteins that comprise a light chain variable domain operably linked to a heavy chain constant region are provided. Binding proteins that contain an immunoglobulin light chain variable domain, including a somatically hypermutated light chain variable domain, fused with a heavy chain constant region, are provided. Modified cells, embryos, and mice that encode sequences for making the binding proteins are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a transgenic non-human animal expressing von Willebrand Factor A1 protein containing at least one mutation selected from the group consisting of: 1263P>S, 1269N>D, 1274K>R, 1287M>R, 1302G>D, 1308H>R, 1313R>W, 1314I>V, 1326R>H, 1329L>I, 1330E>G, 1333A>D, 1344T>A, 1347I>V, 1350T>A, 1370G>S, 1379H>R, 1381T>A, 1385T>M 1391P>Q, 1394A>S, 1397L>F, 1421S>N, 1439L>V, 1442G>S, 1449R>Q, 1466A>P, 1469Q>L, 1472Q>H, 1473V>M, 1475H>Q, 1479S>G, and any combination thereof.

Abstract: An adjustable fishing float having a novel securing mechanism for attaching the float to a fishing line. In a preferred embodiment, the fishing float includes a housing formed into a spherical shape. A vertical slot is disposed on a side of the housing, extending inwardly to a central, vertical axis of the sphere. A securing mechanism may be disposed within the housing, and provides a spring biased clamp that is in operative communication with the slot, so that a fishing line may be positioned within the slot and the float may be clamped to the fishing line in a desired position. A button on the side of the housing may be used to open the clamp, in order to affix the float to the line, remove the float from the line, or to adjust the float and move it upwardly or downwardly along the fishing line.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus for monitoring or abatement of bedbugs, comprising: a base having a mounting portion and a control portion; a heating source positioned on the mounting portion; two capture channels positioned proximate to the heating source and adjacent to the base and each comprising a sloped portion; a horizontal portion connected to the sloped portion, the horizontal portion having a width ranging from about 8 to about 15 millimeters; and a channel portion connected to the horizontal portion by a curved portion having a radius of curvature ranging from about ?th inch to about ½ inch; an insect attractant source positioned on the heating source; a carbon dioxide source attached to the base and capable of emitting carbon dioxide proximate to the heating source, and a control circuit mounted in the control portion and in communication with the heating source and the carbon dioxide source to control operation of the apparatus, wherein the control circuit controls emission of t