Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods for producing large repertoires of recombinant nanobodies with high affinities and specificities against any antigen. Included are methods for making and identifying nanobodies produced by camelids, the nanobodies themselves, modifications of the nanobodies, expression vectors encoding the nanobodies, cDNAs encoding the nanobodies, cells comprising the expression vectors and/or cDNA, and methods of making the nanobodies recombinantly. Antigen-specific nanobodies and antigen binding fragments thereof having a Kd for the antigen in a sub-micromolar range are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antibody-based probes (including single domain antibody fragment, scFv molecules, antibodies, antibody fragments, diabodies, and the epitope-binding domains thereof) that are capable of immunospecifically and selectively binding to a phospho-serine-containing epitope of Tau, such as, for example, Tau-phospho-serine 396/404 peptide. Such imaging ligands are useful to detect pathological Tau protein conformer if present in a biological sample, especially in conjunction with the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or other tauopathy, and thus provide a diagnostic for Alzheimer's disease and other Tau pathologies. The scFv molecules of the present invention have utility as diagnostic markers for, Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies and as pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of such conditions.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for determining post-transfusion survival or toxicity of red blood cells and the suitability of red blood cell units for transfusion by measuring the levels of one or more compounds in a red blood cell sample are provided.

Abstract: Methods for identifying premature infants at risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia and/or most likely to benefit from administration of inhaled nitric oxide for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods for treating premature infants identified as at risk and/or likely to benefit are provided. also provided are methods for identifying premature infants that are not at risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia and/or unlikely to benefit from administration of inhaled nitric oxide for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and methods for avoiding risks of toxicity and undesirable side effects associated with inhaled nitric oxide therapy comprising administering only non-iNO treatment modalities to these infants.

Abstract: Test strips for determining the activity of a coagulation factor in a blood sample are provided. The strip comprises a support, a sample inlet port for deposition of a blood sample, and a reaction area comprising a blood coagulation reagent. The sample inlet port is connected to the reaction area, and the coagulation reagent comprises blood plasma deficient in the coagulation factor for which activity is to be measured, an ionic citrate source an ionic calcium source, and either one or more coagulation contact phase activator reagents and phospholipids or a mixture of tissue factor and phospholipids. The disclosure further relates to in vitro methods for measuring an activity of a coagulation factor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to diagnostic means and methods for heart failure. In particular, the invention relates to a method for diagnosing heart failure in a subject suspected to suffer therefrom comprising determining the amount of at least one cholesterol parameter and/or total sphingomyelins and/or triacylglycerols in a sample of the said subject, and comparing the amount(s) determined in step (a) to a reference, whereby it is diagnosed whether the subject suffers from heart failure, or not. Moreover, the invention pertains to a device for diagnosing whether a subject suffers from heart failure, or not, and to the use, in general, of enzymatic detection agents for at least one cholesterol parameter and/or total sphingomyelins and/or triacylglycerols for diagnosing in a sample of a subject whether the said subject suffers from heart failure, or not. Finally, contemplated is a kit for diagnosing heart failure in subject suspected to suffer therefrom.

Abstract: A method is disclosed in which control processes are used to maintain consistency across a research or diagnostic series of steps. Some embodiments of the processes include the use of fresh or lyophilized cell lines, beads, surface or other markers. The use of quality control processes is intended to monitor data from the underlying methods in order to detect unacceptable variations and to allow for exclusion or normalization. Overlapping control processes allows for tighter control and for redundancy in the monitoring.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic analysis device in which a check item at a time of an analysis start can be set in accordance with a skill level of an operator, an analysis can be performed after the check item being displayed and confirmed, and erroneous measurement caused due to a missed check can be prevented. The check item such as checking the remaining quantity of a reagent or the like displayed in a check screen before the analysis start can be set for each type of operator, each day, each time. The set check item is configured to be displayed in a screen before the analysis start, and unless the operator confirms the check item, the analysis start is not allowed in principle. An automatic analysis device which can prevent erroneous measurement caused due to a missed check of the operator before the analysis start is realized.

Abstract: Provided is an automatic analysis apparatus for inspecting blood coagulation, which is capable of miniaturizing device configuration and reducing device costs.

Abstract: A device for lifting a sample tube comprising a holder having holding elements for holding a sample tube is presented. The holder is supported moveably in the vertical direction between a lower holder position and an upper holder position for lifting and lowering a held sample tube. A centering tool having a pair of centering jaws extending parallel to one another in a longitudinal direction is provided. By moving the holder into the upper position, a held sample tube is lifted into a position between the centering jaws. The centering jaws are moveable to approach each other relative to the lifted sample tube for centering the lifted sample tube with respect to a vertical central axis.

Abstract: A sample container carrier handling apparatus is presented. A first revolving device located at a first level moves sample container carriers along a first path. A second revolving device located at a second level different from the first level moves sample container carriers along a second path. A first transport device transports sample container carriers to or away from a first handover position associated with the first revolving device. A second transport device transports sample container carriers to or away from a second handover position associated with the second revolving device. A lifting device lifts a sample container carrier from a first lifting position associated with the first revolving device to a second lifting position associated with the second revolving device. An operating position is associated with the first or second revolving device. A sample container is loaded or unloaded into a sample container carrier placed at the operating position.

Abstract: A method and a device for transferring tubes between a laboratory automation system and a sample archiving system are presented. When transferring a tube from the laboratory automation system to the sample archiving system, a tube carrier carrying a tube is conveyed to a first take-over module via a first conveyor. At the first take-over module, the tube is removed from the tube carrier and the empty tube carrier is conveyed away from the first take-over module via a second conveyor. When transferring a tube from the sample archiving system to the laboratory automation system, an empty tube carrier is conveyed to a second take-over module via a third conveyor. At the second take-over module, at least one tube is inserted into the tube carrier and the tube carrier carrying the at least one tube is conveyed away from the second take-over module via a fourth conveyor.

Abstract: A method for determining absolute speed of a rail vehicle including onboard sensor devices and a signal processor, wherein the method includes the steps of detecting irregularities in the rail respectively on one front wheel set via a first sensor device and at least on a subsequent wheel set via another sensor device, and transmitting the sensor signals produced by the sensor devices to a signal processor configured to determine the absolute speed by analyzing the supplied sensor signals, where an estimation of the transfer function between a sensor is used, and where an FIR filter can, in this case, optimally reproduce the signal of one sensor via the signal of the other sensor in which the smallest square of the error is formed such that the time offset between both signals can be determined, from which the speed can be determined at a known distance of the sensor.

Abstract: A detecting method for repetitive motion includes receiving a plurality of accelerated velocities, receiving a plurality of angular velocities, determining a plurality of stationary points according to the accelerated velocities, determining a plurality of motion periods according to the stationary points, wherein the motion periods separately correspond to different sets of the angular velocities, and clustering the motion periods according to differences among the different sets of angular velocities corresponding to the motion periods.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring acceleration includes: a reference cavity having a first fixed reflecting surface and a second fixed reflecting surface; a sense cavity having a fixed reflecting surface and a non-fixed reflecting surface, the non-fixed reflecting surface being configured to be displaced when subject to an acceleration force; a light source to illuminate the reference and sense cavities; a controller to vary a wavelength of light emitted by the light source and/or an index of refraction of an optical medium of the cavities; a photodetector to detect light emitted by the reference and sense cavities; an interferometer sensor to measure using the detected light, for each variation of the wavelength of light and/or the index of refraction a reference displacement of the reference cavity and a sense displacement of the sense cavity; and a processor to calculate the acceleration using each of the reference displacements and the sense displacements.

Abstract: A method of forming a micropattern, a substrate surface inspection apparatus, a cantilever set for an atomic force microscope, and a method of analyzing a surface of a semiconductor substrate, and a probe tip the method including forming pinning patterns on a semiconductor substrate; forming a neutral pattern layer in spaces between the pinning patterns; and inspecting a surface of a guide layer that includes the pinning patterns and the neutral pattern layer by using an atomic force microscope (AFM).

Abstract: The resonance structure is that two rows of ground via holes are placed symmetrically along two sides of the CB-CPW central conductor; each row of the via holes are equally spaced; every via hole connects a top shield plane layer, a first middle layer and a bottom shield plane layer of the magnetic probe; every via hole is placed out of a rectangle gap at the bottom of the magnetic probe; the via holes form a fence. The construction method: 1. constructing a simulation model formed by the magnetic probe and a 50? microstrip in a CST® microwave studio; 2. simulation setting; 3. placing via holes along two sides of the central conductor; 4. connecting a 50? matching load to the second end of the microstrip and defining the first end as microstrip port1; defining the end on which mount a SMA connector as probe port2; simulating S21.

Abstract: There is described an assembly for connecting a test unit to a wiring harness or equipment to be tested, and a method for testing using the assembly. The assembly may comprise a test box unit, a generic mate-in interface, and at least one specific mate-in interface. Each one of the generic and specific mate-in interfaces has an ID comprised in an ID support on the electrical path of the generic mate-in interface and the specific mate-in interface, for example, on any one of the end connectors of the interfaces or on their wiring. Information relating to the IDs of the mate-in interfaces and the contact configuration of each mate-in interface is stored in a database of the test unit for identifying the appropriate test contacts that should be used for testing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a U-shaped resistor (1), in particular a low-resistance current-measuring resistor (1), comprising a first connection part (2) made of a conductive material having a first current contact surface for conducting an electrical current (I) into the resistor (1), and comprising a second connection part (3) made of a conductive material having a second current contact surface for conducting the current (I) out of the resistor (1), as well as comprising a resistor element (4) made of a resistor material, wherein the resistor element (4) is arranged in the direction of current flow between the first connection part (2) and the second connection part (3), such that the electrical current (I) flows through the electrical resistor (1). The current (I) perpendicularly enters or leaves the connections parts (2, 3) via their outer surfaces.

Abstract: A waveform display device displays first and second waveform data whose value changes with respect to a time axis. Based on a first point on the first waveform data, a second point on the second waveform data which is in a correspondence with the first point is obtained. Correspondence data indicating a correspondence between the first point and the second point is generated. Then, based on the correspondence data, the first and second waveform data is displayed in a manner such that a predetermined point (a reference point) on the first waveform data and a point on the second waveform data which is in a correspondence with the reference point overlap one another on a time axis.

Abstract: Disclosed are a shunt resistor and a shunt resistor assembly in which measurement terminals to measure voltage are disposed as close as possible to a resistor element so as to reduce a measurement error, and mechanical and electrical connection is excellent.

Abstract: A current transformer assembly for monitoring current flowing in an electrical circuit is disclosed. The assembly comprises a primary module (100) comprising at least one current transformer unit; and a secondary module (200) for processing an electrical signal; wherein, the primary module (100) and the secondary module (200) are functional independent from each other; and the secondary module (200) is adapted to be detachably, electrically connected to the primary module (100) for receiving at least one output electrical signal from the at least one current transformer unit of the primary module (100) to generate a processed output. The current transformer assembly is compact, and allows replacement or repair of either of the module, thereby giving cost-saving and commercial advantage.

Abstract: A circuit for sampling current includes a current transformer, a reset resistor, a diode, a sampling switch, and a current sampling resistor. The current transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The reset resistor and two ends of the secondary winding are connected in parallel. The sampling switch, the diode, and the current sampling resistor are connected in series and then connected to two ends of the reset resistor in parallel. The primary winding is for connecting to a circuit to be sampled. When a current flows through the primary winding and the circuit to be sampled and the sampling switch is turned on at a negative AC half cycle, the circuit for sampling current samples the current flowing through the circuit to be sampled.

Abstract: To provide a current detecting device capable of reducing lowering of responsiveness and variations in responsiveness among the phases. The current detecting device includes a plurality of bus bars that extend in the same direction and parallel to one another and are disposed at fixed intervals in the width direction of the bus bars, a plurality of current sensors disposed corresponding to the plurality of bus bars respectively, and a plurality of output terminals disposed corresponding to the plurality of bus bars respectively and wherein each output terminal is connected to one of the plurality of current sensors wherein the plurality of output terminals are disposed so that the distances between each of the output terminals and the corresponding bus bar are substantially constant.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a current detection circuit (12) includes: a detection resistor (Rs) provided between a solenoid valve (106) and a solenoid driver (11); an amplification unit (121) configured to amplify a detected voltage of the detection resistor (Rs); an AD converter (122) that is driven by a reference voltage (Vref) generated based on a reference current (Iref) and configured to convert an output voltage from the amplification unit (121) into a digital value and output the digital value as a detected current value (D1); and a correction unit configured to perform a correction on the detected current value (D1).

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for tracking energy consumption. An energy tracking system comprises at least one switching element, at least one inductor and a control block to keep the output voltage at a pre-selected level. The switching elements are configured to apply the source of energy to the inductors. The control block compares the output voltage of the energy tracking system to a reference value and controls the switching of the switched elements in order to transfer energy for the primary voltage into a secondary voltage at the output of the energy tracking system. The electronic device further comprises an ON-time and OFF-time generator and an accumulator wherein the control block is coupled to receive a signal from the ON-time and OFF-time generator and generates switching signals for the at least one switching element in the form of ON-time pulses with a constant width ON-time.

Abstract: Aspects relate to methods, systems, and computer program products for estimating future levels of solar power received at a sensor including receiving, by a processor, a first measured power value at a first time from the sensor, calculating a first value of a dynamic correction factor based on the first measured power value associated with the first time, applying the first value of the calculated dynamic correction factor to a power estimation model, generating a first power estimation value for a second time using the power estimation model, wherein the second time is later than the first time, receiving a second measured power value at the second time, and calculating a second value of a dynamic correction factor based on the second measured power value associated with the second time and the first value of the dynamic correction factor.

Abstract: System and method for providing electric utilities and utility benchmarking organizations with an integrated real-time outage analytics and benchmarking solution. The system includes a powerful data importing apparatus that allows uploading of outage data from the utilities outage databases, confidential aggregation of utility outage data, real-time comparison of reliability metrics, real-time outage analytics and messaging capabilities. The system includes a communication link for receiving raw outage data uploaded from the outage management systems of participating utilities which couples the data to an analytics server which automatically recalculates standard reliability indices and analytics in real-time. A database server aggregates and stores the data and indices. The analytics server makes data and reports available to user utilities in real-time via the internet while using a unique ID for each user utility to maintain user anonymity and data confidentiality.

Abstract: A monitoring system and method for monitoring performance of individual powers sources in a distributed power source system. A monitoring module is coupled to each of the power sources, or to each string of serially connected power sources, to monitor and collect data regarding current, voltage, temperature and other environmental factors at the power source. The collected data is transmitted over a power line to a central analysis station for analysis. Data collected from each source indicates malfunction or degradation at the source. Comparison of data collected from adjacent sources filters for environmental factors impacting neighboring sources such as cloudy days for a solar panel. Comparison of data collected from the same source at different times indicates soiling or degradation of the source with time or periodic events such as a moving shade from an adjacent building.

Abstract: Cable assemblies react to electrical power. A visual indicator in a cable assembly changes color in response to the electrical power. The visual indicator, for example, may respond to heat or electromagnetic field in the cable assembly. In smart cables, a controller may activate the visual indicator in response to the electrical power applied to the cable.

Abstract: A watt-hour meter may include one or more electrical junction points that interface a Distributed Energy Resource to an energy-consuming structure and to the electrical distribution grid, while maintaining compliance with interconnection requirements for safety, power quality and automatic disconnect capabilities

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to an electromagnetic interference (EMI) indicator includes an ultra-wideband detector, preferably having a bandwidth of at least 30 MHz to 6 GHz. At least one antenna is provided for receiving EMI. Each antenna has receiver protection, a logarithmic receiver to convert the EMI signal into a direct voltage proportional to the magnitude of the EMI signal, a peak/average detector, and a controller connected to the output of the receiver for generating a signal when the direct voltage developed in the detector exceeds a pre-set threshold voltage using, for example, a carefully defined algorithm. The peak/average detector and controller are connectable to an indicator, which is activateable by the controller, which stores EMI event data in a non-volatile memory store.

Abstract: A monitor system for monitoring the reliability of at least one piece of electronic equipment installed in an aircraft. In order to monitor each piece of electronic equipment, such a monitor system comprises: monitor means for measuring variations of at least one state parameter P as a function of time t; concatenation means for generating data groups (ti, Pi, Sj); transmission means for transmitting the data groups (ti, Pi, Sj) to a centralized unit; first computation means for determining an observed reliability Robs of the or each piece of electronic equipment; second computation means for determining an expected reliability Rexp of the or each piece of electronic equipment; comparator means for comparing the observed reliability Robs with the expected reliability Rexp of the or each piece of electronic equipment; and warning means.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for a high-voltage test system has an electronic power converter unit for generating an excitation AC voltage. The AC voltage has an adjustable fundamental frequency and a frequency spectrum. The amplitudes in the frequency spectrum within a given frequency range are lower than a predefinable amplitude limit.

Abstract: A tester interface unit comprising a test hardware module. The test hardware module may have a simple construction, relying on control and/or signal processing in one or more tester instruments to generate or analyze test signals for a device under test. The test hardware module may be disposed within the tester interface unit, providing a short and high integrity signal path length to the device under test. The tester interface unit may include a purge gas chamber and a cooling chamber, with the hardware module penetrate a separator between those chambers, sealing an opening between the purge gas chamber and the cooling chamber. A heat spreader may move heat generated on the portion of the test hardware module in the purge gas chamber to the cooling chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for making integrated circuit (IC) chip reliability estimations based on resistance measurements and for using such estimations to disposition manufactured chips. In the methods, a resistance-to-electromigration fail rate correlation can be empirically determined for an integrated circuit chip design. Additionally, for each chip manufactured according to the design, at least one resistance monitor can be used to acquire a resistance value for that manufactured chip. Then, given the resistance value and the resistance-to-electromigration fail rate correlation, the expected reliability of the manufactured chip can be estimated and the manufactured chip can be dispositioned in a variety of different ways.

Abstract: Probe head assemblies with constrained internal motion and probe systems including the probe head assemblies are disclosed herein. The probe head assemblies include a contacting structure, an orientation-regulating structure, and a support frame. The contacting structure includes a plurality of conductive probes configured to physically and electrically contact corresponding contact pads on the DUT. The support frame is configured to support the contacting structure and the orientation-regulating structure. The orientation-regulating structure supports the contacting structure and is configured to permit translational motion of the contacting structure relative to the support frame along a contacting axis. The orientation-regulating structure further is configured to resist translational motion of the contacting structure relative to the support frame in any direction that is at least substantially perpendicular to the contacting axis.

Abstract: A device includes a test pad on a chip. A first microbump has a first surface area that is less than a surface area of the test pad. A first conductive path couples the test pad to the first microbump. A second microbump has a second surface area that is less than the surface area of the test pad. A second conductive path couples the test pad to the second microbump.

Abstract: Disclosure is related to a method and a system for intelligent defect classification and sampling, and a computer-readable storage device. The computer-implemented method acquires in-line defect inspection file, and retrieves the defect patterns over a device under test, e.g. a wafer from a fab. The system incorporates a defect pattern recognition engine to recognize the defect signature patterns from the defect patterns. A sampling scheme is performed to acquire weak defect patterns. A critical area analysis based on failure probability of weak patterns is incorporated to performing the sampling. The defect layout pattern groups probably causing the open or short failure can be obtained. The defect signature patterns through sampling are then displayed using a browsing system. Through a user interface, the user can perform functions, such as filtering, selection and merging, onto the defect patterns.

Abstract: A method used for determining the capacity of a battery. The method includes determining, via a controller, if the battery has a first capacity sufficient to support a conditioning cycle. In response to determining that the battery has the first capacity sufficient to support the conditioning cycle, the conditioning cycle is activated. The method includes partially discharging the battery at a constant rate while measuring a plurality of battery parameters. A second capacity of the battery is estimated based on the battery parameters measured at the constant discharge rate. The method increases estimation accuracy of the battery's capacity.

Abstract: A secondary battery capacity measuring system that estimates maximum capacities of other cells using characteristics of a deteriorated cell even when a charging process in the deteriorated cell having a smaller maximum capacity than the other cells in cells constituting a battery module ends and data for measuring the maximum capacities of the other cells cannot be acquired is provided.

Abstract: A state estimation device includes: a voltage detecting unit that detects voltages of energy storage devices; and an estimating unit that estimates a charge amount difference between at least two of the energy storage devices. At a reference time point T0 during constant current charging, the estimating unit performs: specific voltage setting for setting, as a specific voltage V0, a voltage of a low-voltage energy storage device at the reference time point T0; time obtaining for obtaining a time point at which a voltage of a high-voltage energy storage device reaches the specific voltage V0; and charge amount difference estimating for estimating the charge amount difference between the at least two energy storage devices based on the reference time point T0, the time point obtained in the time obtaining process, and a current flowing through the plurality of energy storage devices during the constant current charging.

Abstract: A voltage measuring apparatus is configured to measure voltages of respective battery cells of a battery cell array including a plurality of battery cell groups each including a predetermined number of battery cells connected in series. The voltage measuring apparatus includes a plurality of measuring units each provided for each of the battery cell groups. The adjacent measuring units are connected through a communication channel so as to perform current communication therebetween. A bidirectional diode circuit element is connected to the communication channel extending between the adjacent measuring units.

Abstract: A voltage measuring apparatus is configured to measure voltages of respective battery cells of a battery cell array including a plurality of battery cell groups each including a predetermined number of battery cells connected in series. The voltage measuring apparatus includes a plurality of measuring units each provided for each of the battery cell groups. The adjacent measuring units are connected through a communication channel so as to perform current communication therebetween. A bidirectional diode circuit element is connected to the communication channel extending between the adjacent measuring units.

Abstract: A backup power supply system includes a secondary battery, an interface unit, a charging and discharging control unit, a detection unit, a remaining capacity estimating unit, a deterioration estimating unit, and a notification unit. The interface unit transmits a trigger signal based on an operation of a user. The charging and discharging control unit performs control of discharging the secondary battery and then charging the secondary battery or control of charging the secondary battery and then discharging the secondary battery when the trigger signal is received from the interface unit. The detection unit detects a voltage of the secondary battery at different timings. The remaining capacity estimating unit estimates a remaining capacity of the secondary battery based on the voltage of the secondary battery. The deterioration estimating unit estimates a deterioration state of the secondary battery based on the estimated remaining capacity. The notification unit outputs the estimated deterioration state.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor comprises a sensor bridge having multiple sensor legs. Each sensor leg includes magnetoresistive sense elements, each comprising a pinned layer having a reference magnetization parallel to a plane of the sensor and a sense layer having a sense magnetization. A permanent magnet layer spaced apart from the sense elements magnetically biases the sense magnetization into an out-of-plane direction that is non-perpendicular to the plane of the sensor. The sense magnetization of a portion of the sense elements is oriented in a first direction and the sense magnetization of a different portion of the sense elements is oriented in a second direction differing from the first direction to generate two unique bias field vectors of the sense layers which enables detection of the external magnetic field in a sensing direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the magnetic field sensor without inter-axis coupling of sensor response.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor comprises a sensor bridge having multiple sensor legs. Each sensor leg includes magnetoresistive sense elements, each comprising a pinned layer having a reference magnetization parallel to a plane of the sensor and a sense layer having a sense magnetization that is skewed away from three orthogonal axes. The sense magnetization of a portion of the sense elements is oriented in a first direction and the sense magnetization of a different portion of the sense elements is magnetically biased in a second direction by a permanent magnet layer. The second direction differs from the first direction by an opposing angular magnitude to yield a balanced sensor bridge that produces a zero-offset outcome in the absence of an external magnetic field.

Abstract: Methods and configuration are disclosed for providing higher magnetic sensitivity magnetometers through fluorescence manipulation by phonon spectrum control. A method for increasing the magnetic sensitivity for a DNV sensor may include providing a diamond having nitrogen vacancies of a DNV sensor and an acoustic driver and acoustically driving the diamond with the acoustic driver to manipulate a phonon spectrum of the DNV sensor. A DNV sensor may include a diamond having nitrogen vacancies, a photo detector configured to detect photon emissions from the diamond responsive to laser excitation of the diamond and an acoustic driver configured to manipulate a phonon spectrum for the DNV sensor by acoustically driving the diamond.

Abstract: A device includes a diamond assembly. The diamond assembly includes a diamond with a plurality of nitrogen vacancy centers and electrical components that emit electromagnetic waves. The device also includes a light source configured to emit light toward the diamond and a photo detector configured to detect light from the light source that traveled through the diamond. The device further includes an attenuator between the diamond assembly and the photo detector. The attenuator is configured to attenuate the electromagnetic waves emitted from the electrical components of the diamond assembly.

Abstract: A device includes a diamond with one or more nitrogen vacancies, a light emitting diode configured to emit light that travels through the diamond, and a photo sensor configured to sense the light. The device also includes a processor operatively coupled to the photo sensor. The processor is configured to determine, based on the light sensed by the photo sensor, a magnetic field applied to the diamond.