Abstract: An engine system comprises an intake manifold including a manifold body downstream of an intake port and having a first through-aperture and a second through-apertures spaced apart from the first through-aperture on the manifold body; a positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system including a first PCV branch and a second PCV branch communicated fluidly with the first through-aperture and the second through-aperture of the manifold body, respectively, and configured to route a blow-by gas in a crankcase to the intake manifold; and a variable valve assembly to regulate a flow passing through the first or second PCV branches.

Abstract: Positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) systems have been employed on naturally-aspirated engines for over half a century. The gases in the crankcase exit the engine into the engine intake due to the slightly elevated pressure in the crankcase. Flow is controlled via a PCV valve in a PCV duct. In pressure-charged engines, PCV flow stops when pressure in the intake exceeds that of the crankcase. Such stagnation leads to sludging and deposit formation. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, reverse flow through the system is allowed by installing a second PCV valve in parallel with the normally-provided PCV valve, with the second PCV valve allowing an opposite direction of flow. Oil separators are provided on both PCV ducts to and from the engine to remove oil from blowby gases for flow in either direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a gas turbine combustor including a combustion structure (10) having a combustor liner (14) and a flow sleeve (12). The combustor liner (14) includes inner and outer surfaces (31, 30) and defines a combustion zone (15). The gas turbine combustor further includes a plurality of hollow airfoil-shaped structures (22) affixed to the combustor liner (14) and extending radially outwardly into an airflow space (18) defined radially between the flow sleeve (12) and the combustor liner (14). Each hollow structure (22) includes at least one metering tube (26) providing acoustic communication between the combustion zone (15) and the hollow structure (22). The metering tubes (26) are detachably coupled to the combustor liner (14) for permitting interchanging of the metering tube (26) with at least one additional metering tube having at least one different dimension to effect a change in an acoustic characteristic of the hollow structure (22).

Abstract: An exhaust-gas aftertreatment device (10) for an internal combustion engine, particularly for a marine diesel internal combustion engine operated using heavy fuel oil, includes a housing (11); an exhaust-gas chamber (12) defined by the housing (11), for permitting exhaust gas to flow continuously through the housing (11), an inlet (13) for permitting exhaust gas to flow into the housing and an outlet (14) for permitting exhaust gas to flow out of the housing (11); a sound damping chamber (15), defined by the housing (11) and coupled with the exhaust-gas chamber (12). The sound dampening chamber (15) is constructed to receive a fluid or a pourable solid at a fill level depending on the frequency of an exhaust sound to be damped.

Abstract: Mufflers with unique configurations which, in certain (but not all) embodiments, improve engine performance. In other embodiments, improved manufacturing processes and methods for making mufflers. In particularly preferred embodiments, methods for making motorcycle mufflers with swaging techniques. In still other preferred embodiments, swaged motorcycle mufflers with improved exhaust flow. In still other embodiments, aftermarket mufflers which can be assembled to a variety of engine exhaust systems utilizing a universal coupler.

Abstract: A plugged honeycomb structure includes: a honeycomb substrate and a plugging portion, and is configured to trap particulate matter included in fluid flowing from an inflow side end face to an outflow side end face. The partition wall includes, as raw materials, particulates of a base material and a binder and having a melting point lower than that of the base material, the base material has a particle diameter in a range of 5 ?m to 60 ?m, a mass ratio of the binder to a total mass of the raw material of the base material and the binder is in a range of 22 mass % to 45 mass %, and the cells include round cells as a part, the round cells being defined by a circular-arc partition wall having a circular-arc shape that is at least a part of the partition wall to have a circular shape or the like.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) device mounted to an exhaust pipe for exhausting an exhaust gas of an engine and purifying hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) among the exhaust gas, an urea injector positioned at a rear of the diesel oxidation catalyst device for injecting an urea aqueous solution to an inside of the exhaust pipe, a mixer positioned at the rear of the urea injector, a diesel particulate matter filter (DPF) positioned at the rear of the mixer and coated with a catalyst devoid of a noble metal or a hydrolysis catalyst that does not oxidize ammonia and hydrolyzes the injected urea to reduce a particulate material of the exhaust gas, and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device positioned at the rear of the diesel particulate matter filter.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, the exhaust system comprising, a lean NOx trap (LNT), a wall flow monolithic substrate having a NOx storage and reduction zone thereon, the wall flow monolithic substrate having a pre-coated porosity of 40% or greater, the NOx storage and reduction zone comprising a platinum group metal loaded on a first support, the first support comprising one or more alkaline earth metal compounds, a mixed magnesium/aluminium oxide, cerium oxide, and at least one base metal oxide selected the group consisting of copper oxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide and zinc oxide.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to a method and a treatment system monitor for monitoring an engine exhaust after-treatment system containing more than one Lean NOx Traps (LNT). The method includes receiving an exhaust gas of a desired air-fuel ratio upstream of a respective LNT. The LNT is further regenerated using a richer than stoichiometric exhaust air-fuel ratio and subsequently an air-fuel ratio received downstream of the LNT is evaluated. Further, a working state of a respective LNT is determined based on the monitoring of the air-fuel ratio and oxygen level upstream and downstream of the LNT.

Abstract: A urea water solution injection system includes a urea water solution injection device for spraying a urea water solution into a portion of an exhaust passageway upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst device, to reduce NOx in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine. Engine coolant is circulated through the urea water solution injection device to prevent freezing of the urea water solution. A crystal dissolution control unit performs crystal dissolution control on the urea water solution injection device by energizing at a preset amount of energization at a state where a urea water solution supply pump for supplying a urea water solution to the urea water solution injection device is kept stopped, and the crystal dissolution control unit performs the crystal dissolution control for a crystal dissolving energization time calculated in advance, after the engine is started but before a urea water solution is supplied.

Abstract: Provided is an electrically heated catalytic converter including at least a conductive substrate and an electrode member that is fixed to the substrate, in which a protective film is formed on a surface of at least a portion of the electrode member. In the electrically heated catalytic converter, at least a portion of the protective film is formed of Al2O3, SiO2, a composite material of Al2O3 and SiO2, or a composite oxide including Al2O3, SiO2, or a composite material of Al2O3 and SiO2 as a major component, the protective film has an amorphous structure or a partially crystalline glass structure having a crystallization rate of 30 vol % or lower with respect to the entire portion of the protective film, and a thickness of the protective film is in a range of 100 nm to 2 ?m.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines. The teachings thereof may include monitoring a secondary air system with which secondary air is introduced into exhaust of the internal combustion engine wherein individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine are associated with one of at least two cylinder banks and a separate exhaust duct is associated with each cylinder bank.

Abstract: A swirl mixer for mixing a reducing agent with exhaust gas in a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system is described. The swirl mixer may comprise a base permitting a flow of the reducing agent and the exhaust gas therethrough, and three arrays of fins projecting from the base in a direction of flow of the exhaust gas. The three arrays of fins may be arranged in a triangular configuration about a center of the mixer to induce a swirl motion to the reducing agent and the exhaust gas flowing through the mixer. The fins in each of the arrays may be oriented in a common direction that is rotated by about 60° from the common direction of the fins in an adjacent array.

Abstract: A dual mixer for mixing a reducing agent with exhaust gas in a mixing section of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system is disclosed. The dual mixer may comprise a first mixer including a grid and a plurality of trapezoidal fins projecting from the grid in a direction of flow of the exhaust gas. The dual mixer may further comprise a swirl mixer positioned downstream of the first mixer and separated therefrom by a distance. The swirl mixer may include a base and three arrays of swirl fins projecting from the base in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas. The swirl fins in each of the arrays may be oriented in a common direction that is rotated by about 60° from the common direction of the swirl fins in an adjacent array.

Abstract: A structure of a metal fiber constituting a filter is set to a structure in which a cross-sectional shape of the metal fiber is a curved or bent shape and an outer member and an inner member having a linear expansion coefficient greater than that of the outer member are bonded to each other. Accordingly, the metal fiber is deformed to warp to the outer member side in the length direction thereof when the temperature of the metal fiber increases. When a amount of deformation per unit temperature of the metal fiber is defined as a deformation rate, a amount of change of the deformation rate per unit time changes at a predetermined deformation temperature with the increase in temperature. The deformation temperature is set to a temperature higher than a target temperature of a filter regenerating process.

Abstract: A vehicle and method reduce heating of a particulate filter during a regeneration event in response to an accelerator pedal tip-out and particulate filter temperature exceeding or anticipated to exceed a threshold by fueling the engine to reduce oxygen in the exhaust flowing to the particulate filter. An electric machine may be operated as a generator charging a battery to compensate or offset torque produced by the fueling of the engine. The current or anticipated particulate filter temperature may be estimated by a soot combustion model for a current regeneration event and/or a future regeneration event based on soot loading of the particulate filter.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a soot sensor. In one example, a method diverting exhaust gas from a main exhaust passage to a second exhaust passage comprising a soot sensor with a rotatable component configurable to capture soot.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, the exhaust system comprising, a lean NOx trap, and a wall flow monolithic substrate having a pre-coated porosity of 40% or greater, and comprising an oxidation catalytic zone, the oxidation catalytic zone comprising a platinum group metal loaded on a first support, the first support comprising at least one inorganic oxide and a zinc compound.

Abstract: Provided is a construction machine including an exhaust-gas after-treatment device and capable of supporting the exhaust-gas after-treatment device in a limited space. The construction machine includes an upper frame, an engine mounted on the upper frame via a plurality of engine mounts, a hydraulic pump coupled to the engine, the exhaust-gas after-treatment device, and a support cradle supporting the exhaust-gas after-treatment device over the hydraulic pump. The upper frame includes a plurality of mount support portions and a leg support portion. The support cradle includes a support stage on which the exhaust-gas after-treatment device is mounted, and a plurality of legs. The plurality of mount support portions include a space-defining mount support portion defining a horizontal space against the hydraulic pump. The plurality of legs include an in-space leg extending in the space. The leg support portion is located to overlap the space in a plan view.

Abstract: Provided are a method for determining the disposition position of a spherical joint for coupling exhaust pipes to each other in an exhaust system, and an exhaust system, which enable engine vibrations to be more effectively damped. Inthepresent invention, strain gauges are attached at a plurality of locations in an exhaust system (1), simulated vibrations which simulate engine vibrations are imparted to the upstream-side end of the exhaust system (1), and bending strain is measured at each strain gauge. On the basis of the bending strain measured at each strain gauge, detected is a position at which generated is a bending moment that is equal to or greater than or equal to a torque amount which generates a maximum static friction force between a spherical inner-circumferential surface (26) and a spherical outer-circumferential surface (27) of a spherical joint (2) which come into contact with each other, and the detected position is determined to be the disposition position for the spherical joint (2).

Abstract: Power systems and enclosures having improved cooling air flow are disclosed. An example power system includes an enclosure; an air inlet location at a first location on an exterior of the enclosure to permit intake of air from the exterior of the enclosure to an interior of the enclosure; an air exhaust location at a second location on the exterior of the enclosure to exhaust the air taken in through the air inlet location; and an air routing path defined by the enclosure to direct the air from the air inlet location to the air exhaust location, in order: through one or more first compartments in the enclosure, the one or more first compartments containing at least one of a compressor, a generator, or power conversion circuitry; and through one or more second compartments, the one or more second compartments comprising an engine and a muffler.

Abstract: Provided is a piston for an internal combustion engine, the piston including a body having a piston pin boss for inserting a piston pin thereinto, and a skirt corresponding to a cylinder wall, and a cooling channel provided in the body to allow a refrigerant for cooling the body, to flow therethrough, and having a ring shape including a first channel provided from a refrigerant inlet to a refrigerant outlet along a first outer circumferential direction of the body, and a second channel provided from the refrigerant inlet to the refrigerant outlet along a second outer circumferential direction of the body.

Abstract: A multiplane fan cooling system and method is disclosed for a cooling system with first, second and intake planes; a first fan and heat exchanger on the first plane, a second fan and heat exchanger on the second plane, and a shared air cavity bounded at least partially by these three planes. Each fan pulls air into the shared air cavity through the intake plane and across its associated heat exchanger. The first fan cools the first heat exchanger, and counteracts the second fan from drawing air into the shared air cavity through the first heat exchanger. The second fan cools the second heat exchanger. The second fan can be activated to counteract the first fan from drawing air into the shared air cavity through the second heat exchanger. All the air in the shared air cavity can be available to each of the fans.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a radiator, a bypass passage, a first valve, a second valve, and a controller. Cooling water is circulated through the radiator independently of a cylinder block and a cylinder head of an engine. The radiator cools the cooling water. The cooling water is circulated through the bypass passage while bypassing the radiator. The first valve switches between an open state in which cooling water is circulated through the cylinder block and a closed state in which cooling water is not circulated through the cylinder block. The second valve receives cooling water circulated through the cylinder head and cooling water circulated through the cylinder block via the first valve. The second valve uses an intermediate opening to adjust a flow rate of cooling water circulated through the radiator and the bypass passage. The controller controls opening and closing of the first valve and the opening of the second valve.

Abstract: Methods are provided for engine coolant system diagnostics. In one example, engine coolant system malfunction is indicated based on an engine coolant temperature inference model, whereas in another example engine coolant system malfunction is indicated based on a time-based monitor, where the inference model is enabled at ambient temperatures above a predetermined threshold, and where the time-based monitor is enabled at ambient temperatures below the predetermined threshold. In this way, accurate engine coolant system diagnosis may be accomplished under ambient temperature conditions wherein the engine coolant temperature inference model may be compromised.

Abstract: Internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder and a piston supported for repeated reciprocal movement in the cylinder so as to define a combustion chamber of an engine bore diameter A-A, the internal combustion engine further comprising an ignition device arranged in said cylinder having an igniter portion and an fuel injector which are both arranged in a pre-chamber, wherein the pre-chamber comprises a plurality of orifices for providing fluid communication between said pre-chamber and the combustion chamber, and wherein the plurality of orifices are of an overall orifice area so that the ratio between the overall orifice area and the engine bore diameter A-A ranges from 0.01 mm to 0.2 mm.

Abstract: A vehicle with a turbocharged engine, including an engine body, an intake passage, an exhaust passage, a turbocharger, and a radiator. The radiator is provided with a cooling unit for cooling an engine coolant, and an upper tank into which the coolant is introduced after cooling the engine body. The turbocharger is provided with a turbine provided to the exhaust passage, a compressor provided to the intake passage, a coupling shaft coupling the turbine to the compressor, and bearings supporting the coupling shaft. The turbine is provided with an impeller for being rotated by introduced exhaust gas, and a turbine casing. The turbocharger is oil-cooled, and cooled by a lubricant. The turbine casing is formed from a sheet metal. The coupling shaft extends horizontally, and a height of an axial center of the shaft is above a height of an upper end of the upper tank of the radiator.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a twin entry type turbocharger with which a first exhaust passage and a second exhaust passage respectively communicate individually, a space forming section that communicates with the first exhaust passage via a first communication path, and communicates with the second exhaust passage via a second communication path, a communication control valve that opens and closes the first communication path and the second communication path, and a drive mechanism that is connected to a valve body of the communication control valve and drives the valve body to open and close the valve body. The drive mechanism is provided at a side of the space forming section with respect to the valve body in a state where the valve body is closed.

Abstract: Control techniques for a turbocharger of an engine utilize a wastegate valve configured to divert exhaust gas from a turbine of the turbocharger that is rotatably coupled to a compressor of the turbocharger. A controller is utilized to obtain a torque request for the engine, determine a target compressor power based on the engine torque request, determine a normalized target turbine power based on the target compressor power, determine a target position for the wastegate valve based on the normalized target turbine power and a normalized exhaust flow, and actuate the wastegate valve to the target position. Such control techniques involve the actual calculation of much less intermediate parameters, such as target turbine pressure ratio, which results in more efficient calibration and implementation.

Abstract: An arrangement of exchangers for marinization of a marine engine, including an engine block with in-line cylinders or cylinders in a V, cooled by a cooling fluid, at least one turbocompressor with a hot chamber connected to an outlet and a cold chamber connected to the cylinders of the engine block, a reverser including a housing and containing oil, wherein the arrangement includes: a radiator hose for supplying cooling water, a turbocompressor exchanger, an engine exchanger, a reverser exchanger, a radiator hose for discharging cooling water toward an outlet of combustion gases, downstream from the hot chamber of the at least one turbocompressor, with these three exchangers being placed in this order and inserted in the circulation direction of the water between the radiator hose for supplying the cooling water and the radiator hose for discharging this same cooling water.

Abstract: An outboard motor includes an outboard motor main body including an engine and a propeller driven by the engine, an upper bracket to attach the outboard motor main body to a hull, and a pair of antivibration mounts. The pair of antivibration mounts are joined to the upper bracket, and sandwich and elastically support a portion of the outboard motor main body from the left and the right of the outboard motor main body. The pair of antivibration mounts are arranged side by side in the left-right direction so that a center of rolling of the outboard motor main body is located between the pair of antivibration mounts in the left-right direction, and are bilaterally asymmetrical to each other.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio internal combustion engine comprises a crankshaft and a connecting rod. The connecting rod comprises a connecting rod body, a first hydraulic cylinder, a first hydraulic piston, a second hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic piston, a linking member, a hydraulic oil path, and a spool moving between a first position permitting supply of hydraulic oil from the second hydraulic cylinder to the first hydraulic cylinder, and a second position permitting supply of hydraulic oil from the first hydraulic cylinder to the second hydraulic cylinder. The variable compression ratio internal combustion engine further comprises biasing members arranged at a crank arm or a counterweight of the crankshaft and biasing the spool so as to selectively switch the position of the spool between the first position and the second position.

Abstract: A dynamic pressure exchanger configured for a combustion process includes a seal plate and a rotor assembly. The rotor assembly is mounted for rotation relative to the seal plate about a central axis of the dynamic pressure exchanger.

Abstract: A turbine engine includes a compressor section, a combustor section fluidly coupled to the compressor section, a turbine section fluidly coupled to the combustor section, and a drive shaft coupled to the turbine section and the compressor section. The turbine engine also includes a plurality of internal components coupled to one of the compressor section, the combustor section, the turbine section, and the drive shaft. The turbine engine also includes at least one micro infrared sensor coupled to at least one of the plurality of internal components. The micro infrared sensor is configured to detect a surface temperature of the plurality of internal components.

Abstract: The main purpose of the invention is an air circulation device (1) for a turbomachine (10), comprising an air conveyance circuit (2, 4b, 9, 4a, 3) adapted to bring hot bleed air (A1) from the turbomachine (10) to a part to be heated (38), comprising a first segment fixed in rotation to a rotating part (31, 24) and comprising at least one hot air (A2) conveyance conduit (3, 9), and a hot air passage device (4a, 4b), comprising an annular compartment fixed in rotation to the first segment, characterise in that the annular compartment comprises a heat exchanger in contact with external air, and in that the hot air passage device (4a, 4b) comprises a hot air bypass system to deviate air entering into the device and to make it circulate along the heat exchanger when the temperature of this intake air is above a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A system for generating electricity, heat, and desalinated water having a gas turbine system connected to a first electric generator, a waste heat recovery boiler (WHRB) system, a combined heat and power (CHP) generation system connected to a second electric generator, one or more solar powered energy systems, and a desalination system. The desalination system is connected to the CHP generation system and the WHRB system. The gas turbine system generates electricity and heat, the WHRB system is connected to and uses the exhaust of the gas turbine system to provide heat and steam power to the CHP generation system. The CHP generation system produces and provides electricity and heat to the desalination system, which produces product water, and at least one solar powered energy system provides thermal energy to one or more of the gas turbine system, the WHRB system, the CHP generation system, and the desalination system.

Abstract: An apparatus for improving heat transfer through a leading portion of an aircraft engine. The apparatus includes an annular channel that is defined by the leading portion. A source for gas that is fluidly connected to the channel and a narrow region that is defined within the annular channel.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a sump housing for a gas turbine engine. The sump housing includes a base portion and a first wall extending outwardly from the base portion. The first wall and the base portion at least partially define an inner chamber. A second wall is positioned outwardly from the first wall and extends outwardly from the base portion. The base portion, the first wall, and the second wall at least partially define an outer chamber positioned outwardly from the inner chamber. A projection extending inwardly from the first wall engages a bearing assembly. The base portion, the first wall, the second wall, and the projection are integrally coupled together.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine assembly and a method for assembling a gas turbine engine assembly are disclosed herein. The gas turbine engine assembly includes an engine core and a gearbox. The gearbox includes a lubrication system having a first sump and a second sump. The lubrication system is configurable to provide oil from either of the first and second sumps in various configurations of the gas turbine engine assembly.

Abstract: A turbofan engine that comprises a primary flow channel inside of which a primary flow flows through a gas generator during operation, a secondary flow channel inside of which a secondary flow is guided past the gas generator during operation, and an oil separator of a lube oil system that has a pipeline for exhausting breather air, wherein the pipeline forms a pipeline end. It is provided that the pipeline end is arranged inside the secondary flow channel, and is provided and configured for the purpose of discharging breather air directly from the pipeline end into the secondary flow channel.

Abstract: A fluid cooling system for a gas turbine engine having a core engine and an annular fan casing. The fluid cooling system includes a fluid reservoir positioned within the gas turbine engine and configured to contain a fluid. The system also includes a cold sink positioned within the gas turbine engine and having a lower temperature than the fluid. The system further includes a heat pipe including a first end, a second end, and a conduit extending therebetween, the second end thermally coupled to the cold sink, and the first end thermally coupled to the fluid, where the heat pipe facilitates a transfer of a quantity of heat from the fluid to the cold sink.

Abstract: A method for cooling down a gas turbine, wherein the gas turbine is run down from the power operation thereof to cool-down operation, and wherein a liquid is sprayed into air sucked in by a compressor of the gas turbine during the cool-down operation, and wherein the liquid is sprayed into the sucked-in air in dependence on a humidity of the sucked-in air, a flow velocity of cooling air flowing in the gas turbine in the region of at least one flow-guiding component of the gas turbine, which component is to be cooled, and a temperature difference between a temperature of the sucked-in air and a temperature of the at least one flow-guiding component of the gas turbine.

Abstract: A turbomachine including a turbine shaft supported by at least one bearing, at least one enclosure, housing the bearing of the turbine shaft, an oil cooling circuit of the enclosure including at least one jet configured to inject oil from the cooling circuit into the enclosure, and a regulator configured to regulate the flow of oil in the cooling circuit as a function of an oil temperature at output of the enclosure and a pressure difference at the level of the jet.

Abstract: An in-line propeller gearbox of a turboprop gas turbine engine includes a lubricant reservoir disposed spaced radially offset from the engine's central axis of rotation and asymmetrically with respect to the central axis of rotation such that the central axis of rotation does not extend through the lubricant reservoir.

Abstract: Devices and methods are described for remotely tuning a diesel engine of a vehicle using a pneumatic control device. A tunable control system for an aneroid fuel control (AFC) injection system includes a pneumatic control device that has a pneumatic pressure regulator configured to be adjusted by a first tuning adjustment controller and a pneumatic flow control valve configured to be adjusted by a second tuning adjustment controller. An air signal line links the pressure regulator to the flow control valve. The control system also includes an inlet line connected to the control device and configured to be connected to an air pressure source of an engine. An outlet line is connected to the control device and is configured to be connected to an AFC of an engine.

Abstract: The need for maintenance regarding wire stretching and position displacement between a throttle valve and an operation member is eliminated. A wire throttle adjustment device 1 is for performing open-close adjustment of a throttle valve by pull operation of a wire 2. The wire throttle adjustment device 1 includes an operation member 10 connected to an end part 2A of the wire 2 and configured to perform the pull operation of the wire 2. The operation member 10 includes an action part 11 that is elastically deformable by the pull operation of the wire 2 in a fully-opened state of the throttle valve. The action part 11 includes an elastically-deformable elastic arm part 12 configured to swing together with the operation part 15 and extending from the pivotally-supported part 14, and the end part of the wire 14 is connected to a tip part of the elastic arm part 12.

Abstract: An hydraulic system for a working machine, the system comprising an engine, and an engine speed sensor configured to detect the engine speed; a travel pump configured to actuate a travel actuator, and a travel pump pressure sensor configured to detect the travel pump pressure; a service pump configured to actuate a service actuator, and a service pump pressure sensor configured to detect the service pump pressure; and a micro-controller unit configured to receive input values from each sensor, and configured to determine whether each input value is within a predetermined range where the engine will not stall. The micro-controller unit is configured to provide an output when at least one input value is outside the predetermined range.

Abstract: A method and a system for transmitting a sensor signal, transmits the sensor signal in such a way that the analog electrical sensor signal is converted with the aid of a system for signal conversion into a converted signal and that this converted signal is transmitted to a control unit. As a result, the sensor signal is able to be transmitted to the control unit in a reliable manner and be evaluated thereby.

Abstract: An auxiliary-machine control device equipped with: a command-value acquisition unit for acquiring an operation command value for a device to be controlled and an allowable range for the operation amount of control means for controlling the operating state of the device to be controlled; an operation-amount calculation unit for calculating the operation amount for the control means on the basis of the acquired operation command value; and an operation-amount determination unit for outputting the calculated operation-amount signal to the device to be controlled if the operation amount calculated by the operation-amount calculation unit falls within the allowable range, and outputting an upper-limit value or a lower-limit value for the operation-amount allowable range if the calculated operation amount falls outside of the allowable range.

Abstract: A fuel tank venting system for a motor vehicle includes an outlet side of a tank venting valve connected to an inlet side of a first vent line and to an inlet side of a second vent line. An outlet side of the first vent line is connected to an intake manifold upstream from a throttle valve and downstream from an air filter, and an outlet side of the second vent line is connected to the intake manifold downstream from the throttle valve. A position sensor may be located at a first position and the first closing element has a detectable element. The position sensor is connected to an electronic control device to transmit signals. A position of the first closing element may be determined by means of the position sensor and the detectable element.