Abstract: A battery comprising an electrode stacked body that includes a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of separators that are alternately stacked; and a film-made cover member that, by joining mutually overlapped peripheral portions of films, constitute a package for hermetically receiving therein the electrode stacked body, in which the plurality of separators include separators that are flat in shape and larger in size and separators that are flat in shape and smaller in size, and the separators that are flat in shape and larger in size project outward from a side of the electrode stacked body and joined to the films of the film-made cover member at a position inside the mutually joined peripheral portions of the film-made cover member.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes: an electrode assembly; a case accommodating the electrode assembly; a cap plate sealing an opening of the case; and an electrode terminal at the cap plate and electrically coupled to the electrode assembly. The case includes: a first portion and a second portion opposite the first portion, at least one of the first and second portions being curved; and a reinforcing plate coupled to at least one of the first and second portions and having a curvature matching that of a corresponding curved one of the first and second portions.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery allows gas generated when an aqueous binder is used as a binder of a negative electrode active material to be effectively discharged from the electrode, and has small decrease of the battery capacity despite use over a long period of time. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode active material layer, and a separator. The density of the negative electrode active material layer is 1.4 to 1.6 g/cm3, an electrolyte solution layer is disposed between at least one layer of the negative electrode active material layer and the positive electrode active material layer, and the separator, and the ratio of total thickness of the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator to total thickness of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator and the electrolyte solution layer, is 0.85 or more and less than 1.0.

Abstract: A battery pack for a hand-held power tool includes at least one interface for establishing a mechanical and/or electrical connection of the battery pack to a hand-held power tool and/or a charging device, the interface having a guide arrangement for attaching the battery pack on the hand-held power tool and/or the charging device along a contacting direction y, and at least four contact elements for electrical contacting of corresponding counter-contact elements on the hand-held power tool and/or corresponding counter-contact elements on the charging device. At least two contact elements are thereby situated offset from one another in the direction of the contacting direction y.

Abstract: A separator with a heat-resistant insulation layer for an electric device includes a resin porous substrate and a heat-resistant insulation layer containing heat-resistant particles and a binder, the heat-resistant insulation layer being formed on at least one surface of the resin porous substrate. The heat-resistant particles contain alumina and a parameter X is 0.018 to 0.336. Parameter X is represented by X=Ca×Rzjis/D, wherein C? is a ratio of the alumina, which occupies the heat-resistant particles, Rzjis is surface roughness of a surface of the heat-resistant insulation layer, the surface being opposite the resin porous substrate, and D is a thickness of the heat-resistant insulation layer.

Abstract: A thin, freestanding, microporous polyolefin web with good heat resistance and dimensional stability includes an inorganic surface layer. A first preferred embodiment is a microporous polyolefin base membrane in which colloidal inorganic particles are present in its bulk structure. Each of second and third preferred embodiments is a thin, freestanding microporous polyolefin web that has an inorganic surface layer containing no organic hydrogen bonding component for the inorganic particles. The inorganic surface layer of the second embodiment is achieved by hydrogen bonding with use of an inorganic acid, and the inorganic surface layer of the third embodiment is achieved by one or both of hydrogen bonding and chemical reaction of the surface groups on the inorganic particles.

Abstract: Various embodiments include methods of fabricating an interconnect for a fuel cell stack. Methods for controlled pre-oxidation of an interconnect include oxidizing in a nitride-inhibiting environment to inhibit the formation of nitrides.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a casing, first and second batteries and a conductive plate. The first and second batteries are disposed in a battery slot of the casing. The conductive plate is clamped between the first and second batteries, and has a mounting portion that is mounted pivotally into a mounting groove of the casing such that the conductive plate is pivotable between a clamped position where a conductive body of the conductive plate is clamped between the first and second batteries, and an unclamped position where the conductive body is spaced apart from the first and second batteries for removal and installment of one of the first and second batteries.

Abstract: A connecting pole for a rechargeable battery is disclosed. The connecting pole (1) has a connecting section (2) in which a pole terminal can be attached to the connecting pole (1). The connecting pole (1) has an attachment section (3) in which the connecting pole (1) can be attached in a housing part (5) of the battery. The attachment section (3) has a labyrinth section (4). The outer wall (6) of the connecting pole (1) has at least one circumferential projection (7, 8) in the labyrinth section (4). The circumference of outer wall (6) of the connecting pole (1) increases in the direction pointing away from the connecting section (2) in a section of the labyrinth section (4) which is not provided with a circumferential projection (7, 8). Also disclosed is a rechargeable battery housing or a part of said rechargeable battery housing having at least one connecting pole.

Abstract: The battery pack includes a battery cell for supplying electric power to an external device connected thereto, a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature of a place on which the temperature sensor is arranged, a switch member for making and breaking an electric path between the external device and the battery cell; and a controller configured to control the switch member to turn on and off according to the temperature sensed by the temperature sense. The temperature sensor is arranged on a position between the battery cell and the switch member so as to be affected by the temperatures of both of the battery cell and the switch member.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell has reduced degradation of the electrolytic solution or the anode active material and high cycle durability. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell includes: a cathode capable of doping and de-doping lithium ions; an anode capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, lithium or a lithium alloy; and an electrolytic solution containing an organic solvent, a lithium salt electrolyte and an additive. The cathode active material of the cathode contains a layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide of formula Li1.5[NiaCobMnc[Li]d]O3, where a, b, c, and d satisfy 0<a<1.4, 0?b<1.4, 0<c<1.4, 0<d?0.5, a+b+c+d=1.5, and 1.0?a+b+c<1.5. The anode active material contains a carbon-based material with the surface fully or partly covered with a coating derived from the additive.

Abstract: A precursor of a modified ternary material for a lithium ion battery positive material belongs to the technical field of application of lithium ion battery positive materials. A molecular formula of the precursor is: (Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)(OH)2, and the precursor consists of three layers. An inner layer of the precursor is a ternary material with the Co content of more than ? and equal Ni and Mn content, and the molecular formula of the inner layer of the precursor is: (Ni1/3?xCol/3+2xMn1/3?x(OH)2, where 0<x<?. An outer layer of the precursor is a ternary material with the Co content of greater than 0 to ? and equal Ni and Mn content, and the molecular formula of the outer layer of the precursor is: (Ni0.5?yCo2yMn0.5?y)(OH)2, where 0<y<?. An intermediate layer of the precursor is a concentration gradient composite material of the two materials of the inner layer and the outer layer of the precursor.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are provided lithium titanate particles which exhibit an excellent initial discharge capacity and an enhanced high-efficiency discharge capacity retention rate as an active substance for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries and a process for producing the lithium titanate particles, and Mg-containing lithium titanate particles.

Abstract: A battery structure is provided for making alkali ion and alkaline-earth ion batteries. The battery has a hexacyanometallate cathode, a non-metal anode, and non-aqueous electrolyte. A method is provided for forming the hexacyanometallate battery cathode and non-metal battery anode prior to the battery assembly. The cathode includes hexacyanometallate particles overlying a current collector. The hexacyanometallate particles have the chemical formula A?n?AmM1xM2y(CN)6, and have a Prussian Blue hexacyanometallate crystal structure.

Abstract: A predoping material is used for an alkali metal ion electric storage device and is represented by Formula (1): RSM)n??(1) where M represents lithium or sodium; n represents an integer of 2 to 6; and R represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon, optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, or optionally substituted heterocycle having 1 to 10 carbon atoms).

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a negative electrode plate including a negative electrode collector and a negative electrode mix layer which is placed on the negative electrode collector and which contains a negative electrode active material, a binder A containing a rubber polymer compound as a binder, and a binder B containing a water-soluble polymer compound. The negative electrode mix layer has a cross section in a thickness direction thereof, the cross section being halved into a collector-side region and a surface-side region. The sum of the perimeters of the negative electrode active material per unit area in the cross section is more distributed in the collector-side region than in the surface-side region. The binder A is more distributed in the collector-side region than in the surface-side region.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy foil for an electrode current collector, the foil having a high strength and high strength after a drying process. The aluminum alloy foil can be manufactured at low cost. Disclosed is an aluminum alloy foil for electrode current collector, including 0.03 to 1.0% of Fe, 0.01 to 0.2% of Si, 0.0001 to 0.2% of Cu, 0.005 to 0.03% of Ti, with the rest being Al and unavoidable impurities. The aluminum alloy foil has Fe solid solution content of 200 ppm or higher, and an intermetallic compound having a maximum diameter length of 0.1 to 1.0 ?m in an number density of 2.0×104 particles/mm2 or more.

Abstract: A battery electrode assembly includes a current collector with conduction barrier regions having a conductive state in which electrical conductivity through the conduction barrier region is permitted, and a safety state in which electrical conductivity through the conduction barrier regions is reduced. The conduction barrier regions change from the conductive state to the safety state when the current collector receives a short-threatening event. An electrode material can be connected to the current collector. The conduction barrier regions can define electrical isolation subregions. A battery is also disclosed, and methods for making the electrode assembly, methods for making a battery, and methods for operating a battery.

Abstract: A fuel cell electrode catalyst layer (13) of the preset invention includes: a catalyst (131b); a support (131a) that supports the catalyst; and two or more proton-conductive materials (133) different in dry mass value per mole of a proton-donating group, the proton-conductive materials being in contact with at least a part of the catalyst and at least a part of the support. Then, a proton-conductive material in which a dry mass value per mole of the proton-donating group is highest among the proton-conductive materials is in contact with at least a part of the catalyst, and has a largest contact ratio with a surface of the catalyst.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte membrane having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, where the solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a failure force greater than about 115 grams and comprises a composite membrane consisting essentially of (a) at least one expanded PTFE membrane having a porous microstructure of polymeric fibrils, and (b) at least one ion exchange material impregnated throughout the porous microstructure of the expanded PTFE membrane so as to render an interior volume of the expanded PTFE membrane substantially occlusive; (c) at least one substantially occlusive, electronically insulating first composite layer interposed between the expanded PTFE membrane and the first surface, the first composite layer comprising a plurality of first carbon particles supporting a catalyst comprising platinum and an ion exchange material, wherein a plurality of the first carbon particles has a particle size less than about 75 nm, or less than about 50 nm, or less than about 25 nm.

Abstract: Methods of forming a metal-alloy graphene nanocomposites are provided. The methods include providing a graphene substrate and forming a conducting polymer layer on a first major surface of the graphene substrate. The methods also include pyrolyzing the conducting polymer layer to form a nitrogen-doped graphene substrate and dispersing a plurality of metal-alloy nanoparticles on a first surface of the nitrogen-doped graphene substrate to form the nanocomposite.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel cell stack with enhanced freeze-thaw durability. In particular, the fuel cell stack includes a gas diffusion layer between a membrane-electrode assembly and a bipolar plate. The gas diffusion layer has a structure that reduces contact resistance in a fuel cell and is cut at a certain angle such that the machine direction (high stiffness direction) of GDL roll is not in parallel with the major flow field direction of the bipolar plate, resulting in an increased GDL stiffness in a width direction perpendicular to a major flow field direction of a bipolar plate.

Abstract: A fuel cell system with reduced leakage and a method of assembling a fuel cell system. Bipolar plates within the system include reactant channels and coolant channels that are fluidly coupled to inlet and outlet flowpaths, all of which are formed within a coolant-engaging or reactant-engaging surface of the plate. One or more seals are also formed on the fluid-engaging surface to help reduce leakage by maintaining fluid isolation of the reactants and coolant as they flow through their respective channels and flowpaths that are defined between adjacently-placed plates. The seal—with its combination of in-plane and out-of-plane dimensions—forms a substantially hollow volume, into which a plug is placed to reduce the tendency of the seal to form a shunted flow of the coolant or reactant around the intended active area of the plate.

Abstract: A system and method of controlling an air blower for a fuel cell vehicle are provided. The method includes determining an operation amount of an air blower to secure a sufficient air flow rate under present operating conditions and obtaining information regarding clogging of an air channel or information regarding a back pressure using the operation amount of the air blower. In addition, a maximum operating range of the air blower is changed based on whether a present state is an air channel-clogged state or a back pressure-increased state.

Abstract: A fuel cell system including a cathode gas supply system of a cathode gas bypass type includes a first flow rate sensor which detects a cathode gas flow rate to be supplied by the compressor, a second flow rate sensor which detects a cathode gas flow rate to be supplied to the fuel cell, a bypass valve which controls a cathode gas flow rate flowed in the bypass channel, a bypass valve controlling unit configured to execute an open/shut-off control of the bypass valve in accordance with an operation state of the fuel cell system, and a mismatch diagnosing unit configured to detect a mismatch of detected values of the first flow rate sensor and the second flow rate sensor based on the detected values of the both sensors during total shut-off of the bypass valve.

Abstract: A humidifier block and a method for producing a humidifier block are disclosed. The humidifier block may include a plurality of membranes each having a cavity for passing a through-flow and a jacket surrounding the cavity in a circumferential direction. The jacket may be moisture-permeable. At least one strip-shaped carrier may be fitted with the plurality of membranes, and the plurality of membranes may arranged in a longitudinal direction parallel to one another and adjacent to one another on the at least one carrier. The at least one carrier fitted with the plurality of membranes may be shaped into the humidifier block such that the plurality of membranes are arranged adjacent to one another in a transverse direction running transversely to the longitudinal direction and adjacent in a height direction running transversely to the longitudinal direction and transversely to the transverse direction.

Abstract: A fuel cell unit has a structure that enables the maximum use of a cell monitor in the height direction (vertical direction). In order to achieve this, the fuel cell unit comprises a fuel cell stack (3) including a cell stack body in which unit cells are stacked; and a cell monitor (6) for monitoring a voltage of the unit cells, wherein the cell monitor (6) is arranged so as to be inclined relative to a vertical direction. The cell monitor is inclined by providing a part of the cell monitor in the vicinity of a heat-generating part in a fuel cell on an opposite side of the heat-generating part relative to a central part in the vertical direction of the cell monitor and providing a part of the cell monitor in an area other than the heat-generating part in the fuel cell on a heat-generating part side relative to the central part in the vertical direction of the cell monitor.

Abstract: A voltage synchronization method and system are provided. The system includes a main controller that is configured to determine whether voltage synchronization is possible. When the voltage synchronization is determined to be possible, the main controller is configured to transmit a voltage synchronization command to a plurality of auxiliary controllers. The plurality of auxiliary controllers are configured to adjust sensed voltages based on an output voltage of a fuel cell stack when the transmitted voltage synchronization command is received.

Abstract: A fuel cell module includes a first area where an exhaust gas combustor and a start-up combustor are provided, an annular second area around the first area where a heat exchanger is provided, an annular third area around the second area where a reformer is provided, an annular fourth area around the third area where an evaporator is provided. The heat exchanger includes heat exchange pipes connected to an oxygen-containing gas supply chamber and an oxygen-containing gas discharge chamber. A first circumscribed non-uniform flow suppression plate is provided along a minimum circumscribed circle which contacts outer surfaces of the heat exchange pipes.

Abstract: A desulfurizer material for desulfurizing fuel supplied to a fuel cell system, the desulfurizer material comprising one or more manganese oxide materials having an octahedral molecular sieve (OMS) structure, and the desulfurizer material being resistant to moisture and being capable of removing organic sulfur containing compounds and H2S. The desulfurizer material is used in a desulfurizer assembly which is used as part of a fuel cell system.

Abstract: Ion conductive organic-inorganic composite particles are particles that have an organic group on the surface of inorganic particles and have at least a configuration that does not allow the inorganic particles to contact with each other by steric hindrance of the organic group, the organic group containing an ion conductive group.

Abstract: Disclosed are a highly ionic conductive zirconia electrolyte and a high-efficiency solid oxide fuel cell using the same. The highly ionic conductive zirconia electrolyte is configured such that a scandia (Sc2O3) stabilized zirconia (ZrO2) electrolyte is simultaneously doped with cerium oxide (CeO2) and at least one oxide of gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3), samarium oxide (Sm2O3), and ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3) so that an ionic conductivity drop rate is mitigated.

Abstract: There are provided a separator for a fuel cell and a fuel cell including the same able to enhance the horizontal distribution of fuel or an oxidizing agent and secure an effective flow area, the separator including: a separator body; a first intake manifold provided at one end portion of the separator body; a second intake manifold provided at the other end portion of the separator body to be partitioned from the first intake manifold; a first exhaust manifold provided outwardly of the second intake manifold at the other end portion of the separator body; and a second exhaust manifold provided outwardly of the first intake manifold at one end portion of the separator body to be partitioned from the first exhaust manifold.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a secondary battery, in which scattering of an electrolyte is prevented while a degassing process is performed to prevent a product from being contaminated due to the scattering of the electrolyte. The method of manufacturing the secondary battery includes performing a formation process on a battery cell including a dead space to generate a gas within the battery cell, closing a piercing tool of a gas removing device to form a through hole in the dead space, thereby discharging the gas within the battery cell through the piercing tool, closing a sealing tool of the gas removing device after the gas is discharged to thermally bond an inner portion of the dead space that is adjacent to an electrode assembly within the battery cell, opening the piercing tool in the state where the sealing tool is closed, and opening the sealing tool after the piercing tool is opened.

Abstract: An ionic conductor is provided, wherein a composition formula thereof is Li9+xAl3(P2O7)3(PO4)2?x(GeO4)x, wherein x is a range of 0<x?2.0.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery including a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and an additive, wherein the additive includes a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including at least one nitrogen-containing compound is disclosed. The at least one nitrogen-containing compound may form part of or be included in: an anode structure, a cathode structure, an electrolyte and/or a separator of the electrochemical cell. Also disclosed is a battery including the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte solution effective for reducing the amount of gas generated in a charge-discharge cycle of a lithium-ion secondary battery, preferably a lithium-ion secondary battery using a 5 V-class positive electrode. The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte solution comprising at least one type of aniline derivative represented by a predetermined formula, and a non-aqueous solvent, and to a lithium-ion secondary battery using the same.

Abstract: A solvent-free mixture of a crude lithium borate salt and lithium hydride, wherein the lithium hydride is at least 0.001 wt. % and at most 10 wt. %, relative to the weight of crude lithium borate salt, wherein the mixture has a water content of at most 100 ?mol/g and an acid content of at most 10 ?mol H+/g of crude lithium borate salt, method for producing the same, and use thereof for battery electrolytes.

Abstract: Provided are an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery containing the same, wherein the electrolyte for a secondary battery has significantly excellent high-temperature stability, low-temperature discharge capacity, and life cycle characteristics.

Abstract: Provided is an organic electrolyte solution including a disultone-based compound represented by Formula 1; a first lithium salt that is at least one selected from lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide (Li(FSO2)2N) and lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO2F2); a second lithium salt; and an organic solvent: wherein, in Formula 1, A1, A2, A3, and A4 are each independently a C1 to C5 alkylene group unsubstituted or substituted with a substituent; a carbonyl group; or a sulfinyl group, n1 to n4 are each independently 1 to 3, and when the number of A1, A2, A3, and A4 are each independently two or greater, the plurality of A1, A2, A3, and A4 are identical to or different from each other.

Abstract: A power storage device with reduced initial irreversible capacity is provided. The power storage device includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and an electrolyte solution. In the negative electrode active material layer, the content percentage of a carbon material with an R value of 1.1 or more is less than 2 wt %. The R value refers to a ratio of a peak intensity I1360 to a peak intensity I1580 (I1360/I1580). The peak intensity I1360 and the peak intensity I1580 are observed by Raman spectrometry at a Raman shift of 1360 cm?1 and a Raman shift of 1580 cm?1, respectively. The electrolyte solution contains a lithium ion and an ionic liquid composed of an organic cation and an anion.

Abstract: A film-packaged cell has a flat rectangular shape where power-generating element is housed in packaging body together with an electrolytic solution, the film-packaged cell being sealed along four edges of the packaging body in a state where terminals are led out through one edge thereof. In an electrolyte injection step, the electrolytic solution is injected into bag-shaped body where three edges excluding the upper edge of the packaging body are sealed in an orientation where the terminals are protruding laterally, the electrolytic solution being injected from the side of the opening upper edge. In a partial sealing step performed before the electrolyte injection step, only one section of opening upper edge of the bag-shaped body near edge through which terminals are led out is partially sealed, thereby preventing the electrolytic solution from leaking out during electrolyte injection.

Abstract: A battery pack includes: a bare cell including an electrode terminal on a first surface thereof; a holder at the first surface and including a fixing groove at an upper surface thereof; a protection circuit module at the fixing groove and electrically connected to the bare cell; and a protection member attached to the protection circuit module. The protection member is attached to an upper surface of the protection circuit module, and the upper surface is at a lower height than upper edges of the fixing groove. An upper surface of the protection member is at a height that is the same as or lower than a height of edges of the holder.

Abstract: The disclosed battery system comprises a three-electrode metal-ion battery configured with voltage meters connected between anode and cathode, between anode and a reference electrode, and between cathode and the reference electrode; a current source connecting the anode and cathode; and a programmable computer. The system is configured to control the current source to drive the battery with a current cycling profile, and to measure current signals between anode and cathode, and voltage signals derived from the voltage meters. An impulse response is then calculated for each of the anode and cathode, to dynamically estimate open-circuit potential and impedance of each of the anode and cathode. Battery aging, battery capacity fading, and other diagnostics are provided in real time. This invention can characterize each individual electrode of a battery, even when the battery is cycling away from equilibrium states, which is important for electric vehicles.

Abstract: A plurality of batteries is stacked, together with spacers, in a compressed state. Charging and discharging units are arranged facing lead terminals protruding from the batteries and are independently operable for the respective batteries. The charging and discharging units each independently include substantially V-like shaped power-side and measurement-side contact elements elastically supported by compression coil springs and having floating freedom. When the batteries are moved all together toward the charging and discharging units, front end surfaces of the lead terminals are pressed against and electrically connected to flat surfaces of the power-side and measurement-side contact elements. By this, it is possible to smoothly perform charging and discharging inspection on the batteries even when the lead terminals protruding from the battery package are subjected in advance to surface treatment.

Abstract: An electrochemical energy storage cell is configured to repeatedly store electrical energy, and includes two electrodes, and at least one reference electrode element to enable determining an electrode potential of at least one of the two electrodes. A rechargeable battery, and in particular to a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, includes the electrochemical energy storage cell, and is configured to supply electrical energy to an electrical load. A method includes determining an electrode potential of at least one of the two electrodes with reference to the at least one reference electrode element.

Abstract: A modular battery pack and method of making a battery pack. Prismatic can battery cells are interspersed with cooling frames along a stacking axis within a housing such that numerous a cell-frame assemblies, each with a cooling path, are formed. Resiliently-biased sealing members on the frames are arranged such that they remain out of the way of a footprint defined by the joined cells and frames to promote ease of high-speed cell-to-frame assembly. Upon formation of the cell-frame assembly and subsequent placement into the housing with inner walls that press against the protruding ends of the sealing member, the sealing member is forced by the housing to come into contact engagement with a corresponding surface of the edge of the battery cell. The generally linear, planar contact surface formed by the contact engagement promotes the formation of a sealing surface that makes it harder for introduced cooling air to escape.

Abstract: As a cooling draft flows from a rear side to a front side of battery cells (72) inside a battery pack (30), it is divided into two cooling drafts (F1, F2) in a left-right direction, which is the direction that the battery cells (72) are disposed in parallel, and those two cooling drafts respectively flow through a plurality of passageways that longitudinally extend along the battery cells (72). More particularly, a second battery cell (722) is cooled by the cooling draft flowing in a second ventilation-path volume (Q2) before a first battery cell (721) and a third battery cell (723) are cooled by cooling drafts respectively flowing in a first ventilation-path volume (Q1) and a third ventilation-path volume (Q3), which are longer than the second ventilation-path volume (Q2).

Abstract: A first power storage section and a second power storage section are connected in parallel. The first power storage section includes a first non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. The second power storage section includes parallel-connected second non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries. Each of the second non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries has a higher energy density than that of the first non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. In a case where the second power storage section is discharged at a current value corresponding to a first assumed maximum discharge current value, the parallel-connected number of the second non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries is set such that a discharge rate of each of the second non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries becomes the preset reference discharge rate or less.