Abstract: Devices, methods, and systems for detecting refrigerant leak in a refrigeration system are described herein. One device includes a memory and a processor configured to execute executable instructions stored in the memory to detect fluctuations in a refrigerant level in a refrigerant tank of a refrigeration system, determine whether the detected fluctuations in the refrigerant level are abnormal, and determine whether a refrigerant leak is occurring in the refrigeration system based, at least in part, on whether the detected fluctuations in the refrigerant level are abnormal.

Abstract: Devices and systems for refrigeration system operation are described herein. One or more embodiments include a controller having logic to receive inputs from a temperature sensor over a period of time, the inputs indicating determined temperatures in a refrigeration system over the period of time, compare each of the determined temperatures to control limits, sort the determined temperatures into a plurality of categories based on a relationship between the determined temperatures and the control limits, and cause a user interface to display the sorted determined temperatures.

Abstract: Devices, methods, systems, and computer-readable media for a refrigeration rack monitor are described herein. One or more embodiments include a refrigeration system monitor, comprising a computing device with a memory storing instructions executable by a processor to: monitor real time performance metrics for a refrigeration system, wherein the real time performance metrics are received from temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and power sensors coupled to the refrigeration system, compare the real time performance metrics to a performance curve of devices associated with the refrigeration system, and generate health information for the devices associated with the refrigeration system based on the comparison.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric compressor control device comprising a low-voltage domain. The low-voltage domain comprises a first control unit set up to process control commands for the control of the electric compressor, and a first voltage supply set up to supply the first control unit and connected to a low-voltage source. The low-voltage domain comprises furthermore a high-voltage domain. The high-voltage domain comprises a second control unit set up to control a power output stage, wherein the power output state inverts a dc voltage from a high-voltage source into an ac voltage in order to supply a motor of the electric compressor with the ac voltage. The high-voltage domain comprises furthermore a second voltage supply set up to supply the second control unit and connected to the high-voltage source.

Abstract: An ice making machine has round receiving groove in the isolating plate for receiving the condensing basin, the condensing basin will not move horizontally. By the limiting groove with a plurality of limiting rods which is engaged with the two ears, it is avoided that the condensing basin rotates unwillingly. Especially, a single layer ice brick can be made by using the inner basin with the outer basin. Or the use of the core basin with the outer basin, an inner layer ice brick c is made firstly. Then the use of the inner basin with the outer basin cause an inner ice brick d is made. Therefore, a double layer ice brick is formed with two odors or two colors. By use of the inner basin and the outer tube, the ice brick can be easily taken out.

Abstract: An ice making machine having a refrigeration system and a water system, the water system having a water reservoir located below a freeze plate adapted to hold water, and a sprayer assembly located below the freeze plate for spraying water from the water reservoir toward the pockets. An inclined ice slide is positioned below the freeze plate and above the sprayer assembly directing fallen ice toward an opening. A divider assembly separating the water system from the ice storage bin includes a plurality of dividers, wherein the dividers may rotate outwardly away from the opening to allow formed ice to fall into the ice storage bin. Each divider is formed from a generally rectangular body having a front face with a triangular-shaped thickness and an extension flap extending away from the body opposite the front face.

Abstract: A stand-alone ice making appliance is provided. The stand-alone ice making appliance may include an outer casing, a water tank, a pump, an ice maker, and a container. The outer casing may define an internal cavity that includes a primary opening. The water tank may define a storage volume to receive water. The pump may be in fluid communication with the storage volume of the water tank to actively flow water therefrom. The ice maker may in fluid communication with the storage volume of the water tank to receive water therefrom. The container may be disposed within the internal cavity. The container may include an insulated sidewall positioned across the primary opening and at least partially defining a storage volume to receive ice from the ice maker.

Abstract: An ice maker apparatus is provided that may include a casing, an extruder die, an auger, a heat exchange body, and a fin portion. The casing may define a chamber about a central axis and extend along the central axis between a top portion and a bottom portion. The extruder die may be mounted to the casing at the top portion of the casing. The auger may be disposed within the chamber. The heat exchange body may be disposed in thermal engagement with the chamber. The heat exchange body may include a base wall extending along a portion of the casing and a sidewall extending outward from the base wall. The heat exchange body may also define an air duct across the base wall and sidewall. The fin portion may include a fin extending outward from the base wall. The fin may define a plurality of subchannels.

Abstract: A refrigerator is provided. The refrigerator includes a main body having a storage compartment, and an ice maker provided in the storage compartment to make ice. The ice maker includes a cooling device to provide cold air, an ice-making tray movably provided between a first position adjacent to the cooling device and a second position spaced farther from the cooling device than the first position, and an ejector is configured to move the ice-making tray. The ejector includes a driving portion to separate the ice produced in the ice-making tray.

Abstract: A refrigerator with an ice maker is installed in a refrigeration compartment or a freezer. A machine compartment is located in a lower rear portion of the refrigerator and includes a valve configured to distribute water for supply to the ice maker. A water supply unit is configured to supply water from the valve to the ice maker. The water supply unit includes an ice maker tube extending to the ice maker to supply water, and a guide cap to which one end portion of the ice maker tube is fitted. The guide cap includes sealing projections inserted into the ice maker tube and spaced apart from each other along a longitudinal direction of the ice maker tube. The sealing projections are configured to make close contact with the ice maker tube to prevent water leakage from the ice maker tube.

Abstract: A refrigerator appliance and method of operation are provided. The refrigerator appliance may include a cabinet, an ice maker, a door, and a dispenser conduit. The cabinet may define a storage compartment. The ice maker may be disposed within the storage compartment. The door may be attached to the cabinet and define a dispenser recess in selective communication with the ice maker. The dispenser conduit may be disposed on the door within the dispenser recess. The dispenser conduit may include a stationary inner funnel and a slidable outer funnel extending along a passage axis. The slidable outer funnel may be disposed over an external surface of the stationary inner funnel to selectively define an extended portion of an ice passage.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a main body, a door rotatably coupled to the main body, a first ice making compartment configured to generate and store ice and provided in the main body, a second ice making compartment configured to crush ice and provided in the door, and a transfer device provided to transfer the ice in the first ice making compartment to the second ice making compartment. Therefore, a structure of an ice bucket storing ice is simplified, and an ice making system is easily constructed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thermally insulated container comprising an expanded foam layer, a further layer, internal of the expanded foam layer, formed of a plurality of cool packs or insulation panels, and a locking lid. The cool packs consist of a combination of cool packs with stepped edges and individual side wall cool packs side wall cool packs formed with a living hinge, wherein the cool packs consist of a protruding fill point on one edge and blanking protrusions on the remaining three edges, and the cool packs comprise recesses on the top and bottom edges to accommodate either the fill point or the blanking protrusion of each adjacent cool pack. The insulation panels are pre-assembled on a sheet ready for insertion into the container.

Abstract: The invention provides a refrigerator, comprising a top air passage provided at a top wall of the storage compartment and connected with the refrigeration air passage to receive refrigeration air therefrom; an air guiding pipe comprising an air inlet end connected with the top air passage, an air outlet end for supplying air to the storage compartment, and an air outlet opening downwards; and a first air supply device configured to cause air flow to enter the air guiding pipe via the top air passage, such that the refrigeration air flowing into the top air passage from the refrigeration air passage is blown downwards in a concentrated manner via the air guiding pipe.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerator including a compressor for compressing refrigerant, a condenser in which the refrigerant, which has been compressed in the compressor, is condensed, an icemaker, a water supply tube, which supplies water to the icemaker and is in contact with at least one of the compressor and the condenser, an ice-making water supply valve installed in the water supply tube, a temperature sensor installed at the water supply tube, and a controller for controlling the ice-making water supply valve based on a temperature detected by the temperature sensor. Water having a temperature that is raised to a temperature range set in consideration of the Mpemba effect is supplied to the icemaker, thereby enabling rapid ice making.

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator including an inner case, a storage compartment formed inside the inner case, an outer case provided outside the inner case, and a plurality of vacuum insulation modules provided between the inner case and the outer case to insulate the storage compartment, and each of the plurality of vacuum insulation modules includes a vacuum insulator, and a cartridge which accommodates the vacuum insulator and supports the inner case and the outer case. The cartridge has a mutual coupling portion coupled to the cartridge of an adjacent vacuum insulation module. Accordingly, the vacuum insulator can be easily manufactured without an additional support frame or a foaming process, and sufficient strength and coupling force can be secured by using only the vacuum insulator.

Abstract: A refrigerator having improved space utilization includes a main body, a storage room formed inside of the main body, a center frame provided at the center of the storage room to be spaced apart from both side walls of the storage room and having a guide elongated in a front-rear direction of the storage room and a plurality of shelves detachably coupled to the guide so as to be movable along the guide, the plurality of shelves including a first shelf and a second shelf positioned under the first shelf while the second shelf moving along the same guide as the first shelf in an inverted state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a refrigerator comprising a storage container that has a crisper wherein the fruits and/or the vegetables are stored and a body that supports the crisper and that facilitates the placement of the crisper into the refrigerator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a refrigerator including an illumination unit that prevents glare and provides sufficient light inside the storage chamber. The refrigerator includes a storage chamber having an opening formed at a front thereof and an illumination unit mounted in the storage chamber. The illumination unit includes a light emitting member to emit light and an optical member to guide light emitted from the light emitting member to travel within a predetermined range of angles. Light emitted from the light emitting member is prevented from proceeding forward by the reflecting member and proceeds to the rear of the storage chamber.

Abstract: An appliance and method of operation is provided. The appliance may include an outer casing, a user interface, and a controller. The outer casing may define an enclosed volume. The user interface may be mounted to the outer casing to include a light projector and a translucent diffuser disc. The light projector may be positioned within the enclosed volume and include a plurality of discrete segmented light emitting diodes to each selectively emit one or more discrete light emissions. The translucent diffuser disc may be positioned between the light projector and the outer casing. The diffuser disc may include a continuous outer surface aligned with the light projector to display the one or more discrete light emissions as a visually continuous pattern. The controller may be operably connected with the light projector and configured to determine the visually continuous pattern displayed at the continuous outer surface.

Abstract: A system for processing a gas stream can include a physical solvent unit, an acid gas removal unit upstream or downstream of the physical solvent unit, and an LNG liquefaction unit downstream of the acid gas removal unit. The physical solvent unit is configured to receive a feed gas, remove at least a portion of any C5+ hydrocarbons in the feed gas stream using a physical solvent, and produce a cleaned gas stream comprising the feed gas stream with the portion of the C5+ hydrocarbons removed. The acid gas removal unit is configured to receive the cleaned gas stream, remove at least a portion of any acid gases present in the cleaned gas stream, and produce a treated gas stream. The LNG liquefaction unit is configured to receive the treated gas stream and liquefy at least a portion of the hydrocarbons in the treated gas stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for cooling down a cryogenic heat exchanger adapted to liquefy a hydrocarbon stream, such as a natural gas stream. The method comprises: (i) receiving one or more refrigerant temperature indications, providing an indication of the temperature of the refrigerant, (ii) comparing the one or more refrigerant temperature indications with one or more associated predetermined threshold values, and (iii) based on the outcome of the comparison under (ii) selecting one of an automated warm cooling down procedure of the cryogenic heat exchanger and an automated cold cooling down procedure of the cryogenic heat exchanger.

Abstract: The method for the production of nitrogen can include the steps of a) providing a waste nitrogen gas stream at a first pressure called low pressure, wherein the waste nitrogen gas originates from a low pressure column of a cryogenic air separation unit; b)compressing the waste nitrogen gas stream to a second pressure in a waste nitrogen compressor to produce a pressurized nitrogen stream; and c) introducing the pressurized nitrogen stream to a nitrogen generator under conditions effective for producing a purified nitrogen product, wherein the purified nitrogen product has a higher concentration of nitrogen as compared to the pressurized nitrogen stream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing compressed nitrogen and liquid nitrogen. A separation system has a high-pressure column, a low-pressure column with a top condenser and a main condenser. Air is compressed in an air compressor, purified, cooled in a heat exchanger and introduced into the high-pressure column. A first part of the gaseous top nitrogen from the low-pressure column becomes compressed nitrogen product. A second part of the gaseous top nitrogen is condensed in the condensing space of the top condenser and vapour is drawn off as a residual gas stream. The vapor is expanded in a first expansion machine. A second compressed nitrogen stream from the top of the high-pressure column is expanded in a second expansion machine and then drawn off as compressed nitrogen product. A part of the nitrogen condensed in the top condenser is drawn off as liquid nitrogen product.

Abstract: Serially connected heat exchange segments of a heat exchanger are stacked with ends of adjacent segments oriented oppositely. The segments have fixed pipes for heat exchange, pipe-riding shaftless auger flights for conveying feed material, and flanges for low-cost adjustment, removal and replacement of pipes and flights. Flights when arranged in arrays are arranged in pairs of counterrotating oppositely handed mutually cleaning flights. Rotary unions are unnecessary in this exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for freeze-drying drug liposomes powder assisted by a variable-frequency alternating-current electric field, which includes the following steps: (1) preparing a drug-liposome suspension sample; (2) dehydrating the sample under a 1-10 kHz, 3-10 kV high-voltage alternating current; (3) freezing and drying the sample treated in step (2) at ?20° C. to ?40° C., under a 10-25 kHz, 0.2-1 kV high-voltage alternating current, until completion of the freezing process; and (4) heating and drying the sample in a vacuum until completion of sublimation and desorption, and obtaining the drug liposomes freeze-dried powder. The present invention not only greatly shortens a freezing and drying time, but also controls a size of nuclei and ice crystals, further ensuring a quality of the freeze-dried powder.

Abstract: There is herein described apparatus for drying material or for conveying material. More particularly, the present invention relates to apparatus for drying conveyed material such as pneumatically conveyed material or for conveying oversized material.

Abstract: A method and a device for charging a plurality of reduced iron raw materials into a traveling hearth reduction-melting furnace and treating the raw materials, allowing sufficient input of heat to the reduced iron raw materials on a hearth covering material to improve treatment efficiency are provided. The reduced iron raw materials are released downward from the lower surface of a ceiling of the reduction-melting furnace to be set on a hearth covering material on a hearth and reduced on the hearth covering material. The falling reduced iron raw materials are given a horizontal velocity having a direction equal to the travel direction of the hearth and being greater than the travel speed of the hearth to enable the reduced iron raw materials to roll in the same direction as the travel direction of the hearth after landing on the hearth covering material.

Abstract: A plant for recovering metals and/or metal oxides from industrial process waste, in particular oil product refining waste, comprises a furnace; a feed line connected to a main inlet of the furnace and configured to feed the furnace with a solid waste containing metals, in particular in oxide form; an outlet line, connected to a solid phase outlet of the furnace and configured to draw a metal-enriched solid phase out of the furnace; the furnace is a belt conveyor furnace having a belt conveyor closed in a loop with a substantially horizontal configuration and having a top face, which receives the waste to treat and conveys it between two longitudinal opposite ends of the belt conveyor furnace respectively provided with the main inlet and the solid phase outlet.

Abstract: A gas inerting system and method is provided. This system includes a rotary melting furnace with a furnace barrel, a burner, and a charge of metal to be melted; and an injection manifold with a plurality of injection orifices. The burner is configured to produce a flame directed into the furnace barrel, and the plurality of injection orifices are configured to disperse inert gas streams into the furnace barrel, into an inerting region between the burner flame and the charge of aluminum. The metal to be melted may be aluminum. The method of inerting includes rotating the rotary furnace and introducing heat into the furnace barrel by generating the flame, thereby beginning a melt cycle, then introducing the inert gas streams into an inlet to the injection manifold, thereby directing the inert gas streams through the injection orifices and into the inerting region, after a predetermined condition has been met.

Abstract: A method of providing an inerting atmosphere to the surface of molten aluminum in a vortex charge well of a reverberatory melting furnace is provided. The purpose is to improve aluminum recovery (reduce aluminum oxidation melt loss) by displacing the ambient atmosphere above the molten vortex with an inert gas. The method includes introducing a flow of an inerting gas into an inerting region immediately above the surface of the vortex charge well. The inerting gas may be selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, or a mixture thereof. The inerting gas may be introduced into the charge inlet chute, through a diffuser, or a ring manifold. The vortex charge well may include a lid.

Abstract: A furnace system includes a furnace and a preheater configured to preheat material before it enters the furnace. The system further includes a duct system including a mixing chamber disposed between the furnace and preheater. The duct system further includes an exhaust duct in fluid communication with an exhaust fluid outlet of the furnace and configured to vent fluid exhausted from the furnace. The exhaust duct is in fluid communication with the mixing chamber and configured to redirect a portion of the fluid exhausted from the furnace to the mixing chamber. The duct system further includes a preheater duct in fluid communication with the mixing chamber and a fluid inlet of the preheater and configured to direct fluid from the mixing chamber to the preheater. The system further includes a duct scraper configured for movement within the mixing chamber to move particulates from the mixing chamber into the exhaust duct.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has a plurality of cells. A first subset of the cells extends for a lesser distance along an axis of the cells and a second subset of the cells extends for a greater axial distance. The second subset of cells extends through separator plates which are positioned beyond axial ends of the first subset of cells. A method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A heat exchanger manufacturing method comprising: a welding step of disposing a first weld bead through a thickness of one of the inner and outer plate portions and fusing the first weld bead to other of the inner and outer plate portions for joining together the first and second case halves, to thereby provide the heat exchange tube; and a temporary tacking step of providing a temporarily-assembled end plate/tube unit by temporarily tacking the heat exchange tube to each of the end plates by means of a second weld bead and filling, with the second weld bead, a gap of a generally triangular shape defined, at each of the opposite end portions of the heat exchange tube, by an outer surface of the inner plate portion, an end surface of the outer plate portion and a corresponding one of the end plates.

Abstract: A brazeable metal sheet material for heat exchanger components is used for producing a heat exchanger by a controlled atmosphere brazing process. The metal sheet material is made up of a core material with a brazing layer at least on one side and a corrosion-reducing intermediate layer arranged between the brazing layer and the core material. The core material consists of an Al3000-series alloy or an Al6000-series alloy having a magnesium content of 0.1% to 1.5% by weight. The brazing layer consists of an Al4000-series alloy having a maximum of 0.2% magnesium by weight. The corrosion-reducing intermediate layer consists of an Al1000-series alloy or an Al7000-series alloy having 0.1% to 1.5% magnesium by weight.

Abstract: A flexible heat sink with a flexible base having a first side configured to engage a heat generating component, and a second side opposite the first side. A plurality of groups of fins extend from the second side of the base. The groups of fins are positioned in an array and spaced apart lengthwise and width wise across the base to enable the heat sink to flex lengthwise and width wise. The heat sink is able to flex lengthwise and width wise between the groups of fins. The fins and groups of fins also may provide some flex. The fins may define triangular, rectangular, or u-shaped channels to enable air flow through the heat sink.

Abstract: Disclosed are a water-cooling heat dissipating apparatus and its vapor chamber. The vapor chamber includes a first casing, a second casing, a capillary tissue and a working fluid, and the second casing is engaged closely with the first casing and a cavity is formed and enclosed by the first casing and the second casing. The second casing includes a substrate and plural heat dissipating fins integrally formed with the substrate, and the capillary tissue is disposed in the first casing and the second casing, and the working fluid is filled into the cavity. The vapor chamber has a curved section and a first section and a second section extended outwardly and respectively from both ends of the curved section. Therefore, the water-cooling heat dissipating apparatus and its vapor chamber have the features of a quick heat transfer by low thermal resistance and an easy and simple manufacturing process.

Abstract: A heat sink assembly includes a base block having a straight mounting groove on the middle and two U-shaped mounting grooves at two opposite lateral sides, cooling fins installed in the top wall of the base block, each cooling fin having multiple tight-fit mounting holes, a U-shaped heat pipe having a lower segment peripherally press-fitted into the straight mounting groove in flush with the bottom wall of the base block and an upper segment tightly inserted into one respective tight-fit mounting hole of each cooling fin, and two symmetrical, curved heat pipes with respective U-shaped lower segments thereof respectively and peripherally press-fitted into the U-shaped mounting grooves in flush with the bottom wall of the base block and respective upper segments thereof tightly inserted into respective tight-fit mounting holes of each cooling fin. Thus, heat can be drawn upwards from a heat source and evenly distributed through the cooling fins.

Abstract: A thermal energy storage apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a base and fluid flow plates which cooperate with the base to define a cavity; a phase change material contained within the cavity; an extendable extension spring at least partially contained within the phase change material; and end plates which cooperate with the fluid flow plates to define fluid flow channels. Inlet and outlet ports allow for the ingress and egress of a heat exchange fluid into the fluid flow channels. In operation, the extension of the extendable extension spring induces solidification of at least a portion of the phase change material from a supercooled liquid state to a solid state, releasing thermal energy, allowing for the transfer of thermal energy across the fluid flow plates from the phase change material to the heat exchange fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermal battery comprising an enclosure comprising a fluid inlet and outlet and comprising within it tubes (1) of encapsulated phase-change material, said tubes (1) being arranged parallel to the circulating flow of fluid, said tubes (1) comprising radial spacers (3) for spacing said tubes (1) apart.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermal battery (1) comprising an enclosure (3) comprising a fluid inlet and outlet and comprising within it tubes (5) of encapsulated phase-change material, said thermal battery (1) further comprising a device (7) for holding and spacing the tubes (5) of encapsulated phase-change material, said holding and spacing device (7) being arranged between the tubes (5) themselves and between the tubes (5) and the enclosure (3), said holding and spacing device (7) being porous.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the operation of a mixing container of a latent heat storage unit, whereby a heat storage fluid changes between a liquid phase and a solid phase, and has a higher density than a heat transfer fluid. In this method, by virtue of the geometry of the mixing container as well as the flow path of the heat storage fluid and the heat transfer fluid through the mixing container, the solid and the liquid heat storage fluids are concentrated after being mixed with the heat transfer fluid and they are subsequently separated from the heat transfer fluid at a boundary layer and withdrawn from the heat storage fluid by a flow induced below the boundary layer in the direction of an ice reservoir via a pipeline, and subsequently, the liquid heat storage fluid is separated from the solid heat storage fluid in the ice reservoir.

Abstract: An assembly for liquid cooling is provided herein. The assembly 8includes a thermal member, a support member, and a gasket. The thermal member includes an array of cooling pins formed of a thermally conductive material to extend from the thermal member. The support member includes an inlet channel and an outlet channel. The inlet channel to provide a fluid to the array of cooling pins. The outlet channel to receive the fluid from the array of cooling pins. The gasket between the thermal member and the support member to form a cooling channel with a fluid tight seal therebetween.

Abstract: A heat exchanger apparatus includes: a shell extending over a flow length from an inlet at a upstream end to an outlet at a downstream end, and defining a first flowpath for a first fluid; a structure disposed within the shell defining a second flowpath for a second fluid; at least one secondary inlet in the shell disposed downstream from the upstream end; and a nozzle disposed downstream of the inlet.

Abstract: A metal heat dissipating plate is provided. The metal heat dissipating plate includes a metal substrate, metal cladding layers, and graphite layers. The metal cladding layers are disposed on two surfaces of the metal substrate, and the graphite layers are intercalated into the metal cladding layers. Thus, the graphite layers can firmly bond to the metal substrate by the surface structure of the metal substrate and the metal cladding layer.

Abstract: An apparatus having a heat transfer surface for transfer of heat from the apparatus to a liquid. The heat transfer surface includes at least two different materials and at least two of said materials have different thermal conductivities. A method of boiling at least one liquid which provides increased heat transfer from a heat transfer surface of an apparatus to a liquid comprising a step of boiling said liquid in contact with the apparatus, is also disclosed. Also described is a method of tuning a heat transfer surface by forming the heat transfer surface using at least two different materials having different thermal conductivities arranged in a predetermined spatial relationship including a spacing between the portions of one said material that is from about 0.1?C to about 5?C, wherein ?C is a capillary length of a bubble of a predetermined liquid to be boiled using said heat transfer surface.

Abstract: A heatsink comprising a heat exchange device having a plurality of heat exchange elements each having a surface boundary with respect to a heat transfer fluid, having successive elements or regions having varying size scales. According to one embodiment, an accumulation of dust or particles on a surface of the heatsink is reduced by a removal mechanism. The mechanism can be thermal pyrolysis, vibration, blowing, etc. In the case of vibration, adverse effects on the system to be cooled may be minimized by an active or passive vibration suppression system.

Abstract: A take-down rifle is provided which may be broken down for transport, reassembled, and employed to engage a target up to 500 meters away without the need to re-zero rifle before engagement.

Abstract: A firearm and a jig for modifying or constructing a firearm with a locking magazine release button is provided. The firearm has a lower receiver including a magazine locking pin aperture disposed in an upper surface thereof where the magazine locking aperture intersects with a magazine release button aperture in a side surface of the lower receiver. The firearm also has an upper receiver attached to the lower receiver via a pivot pin, a magazine attachable to the lower receiver, a magazine locking pin inserted into the magazine locking pin aperture, and a magazine release button comprising a recessed locking catch. The magazine release button releases the magazine when the upper receiver is away from the lower and the pin is not in the magazine locking aperture. The button is inoperable when the upper receiver is next to the lower receiver and the pin engages the locking catch.

Abstract: A firearm configured to fire only a modified cartridge, while being unable to fire a conventional cartridge. The breech bolt in the inventive device includes an added geometric element that prevents the bolt closing on a conventional cartridge and which will only allow the bolt to close on a modified cartridge.