Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a gate line, a data line, a link line, a driving integrated circuit, a repair line, and a dummy line. The second substrate is spaced apart from the first substrate. The gate line is on the first substrate. The data line is on the first substrate. The link line is connected to one of the gate line and the data line. The driving integrated circuit is connected to the link line. The repair line is in a non-display area of the first substrate. The repair line overlaps, in the non-display area, the link line and the one of the gate line and the data line. The dummy line overlaps the repair line. Shapes of the dummy line and the repair line are substantially equivalent.

Abstract: A switchable anti-peeping device and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device are provided. The switchable anti-peeping device, including a first substrate and a second substrate provided opposed to each other and a light control layer therebetween, wherein the first substrate includes a first base substrate, and a first light orientation layer and a first electrode layer which are provided on the first base substrate, and the second substrate includes a second base substrate, and a second electrode layer provided on the second base substrate, and the first light orientation layer defines an angle of emergence of light passing through the first light orientation layer, and the light control layer is capable of switching between a transparent state and a scattering state. The switchable anti-peeping device can achieve switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, thereby meeting real-time requirements of people in different situations.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a switchable liquid crystal display device having a light weight and a thin profile where a viewing angle adjusting panel is formed by using a liquid crystal capsule having an optical isotropy and a number of substrates and polarizing plates.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel including a plurality of pixels; a cover glass on the display panel and having a plurality of first grooves; and a plurality of first sensing electrodes respectively in the plurality of first grooves. The plurality of first grooves have a shape on a plane corresponding to a shape of the plurality of first sensing electrodes.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a lower electrode, an emission layer, and an upper electrode. A transistor part is located on the substrate. The lower electrode is positioned on an insulating layer formed on the uppermost layer of the transistor part and includes a neck having a narrower width than other regions. The emission layer is positioned on the lower electrode. The upper electrode is positioned on the emission layer. The insulating layer is positioned in the neck and has a recessed pattern depressed downward.

Abstract: A cover window is disclosed. The cover window may include a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, a first polishing surface extending from an end of the first surface along a first direction, the first polishing surface having a first inclination angle, and a second polishing surface extending from an end of the second surface along a second direction, the second polishing surface having a second inclination angle. The first polishing surface and the second polishing surface may be asymmetric with respect to a center plane, the center plane passing through a center of the cover window and in parallel with the first surface.

Abstract: An array substrate and an LCD device are provided. The array substrate includes multiple LTPS thin-film transistors. Each transistor includes: a substrate; and a LTPS layer, a first insulation layer, a gate electrode, a second insulation layer, a source electrode, a drain electrode, a planarization layer, a first transparent conductive layer, a third insulation layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a connection metal layer. The LTPS layer, and gate electrode and the second insulation layer are sequentially disposed. The source electrode and the drain electrode are disposed on the second insulation layer, and connected with two terminals of the LTPS layer through the first and second through holes. The connection metal layer connects with the second transparent conductive layer and the drain electrode through a fourth through hole. The first transparent conductive layer is a common electrode and the second transparent conductive layer is a pixel electrode.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of the invention, comprising: successively forming an insulation layer and a photoresist layer on a transparent substrate; performing an exposure and a development on the photoresist layer by a back exposure process, so as to form a trench in the photoresist layer, an open area of the trench proximal to the insulation layer is larger than that of the trench distal to the insulation layer; removing a portion of insulation material in a region of the insulation layer exposed through the trench by an etching process, so as to form a slot in the insulation layer; forming a metal layer on a side of the photoresist layer distal to the insulation layer, a portion of the metal layer is embedded in the slot; removing the photoresist layer and the metal layer thereon by a stripping process, and retaining the portion of the metal layer in the slot.

Abstract: A bistable liquid crystal spatial light modulating (SLM) device (SLM) device utilizes the homeotropic and bubble domain texture change of a cholesteric liquid crystal that is responsive to external stimuli, such as electric voltage, light and pressure. The SLM device is configured to be switched between the two stable textures of the bubble domain texture or the fingerprint texture. In addition, the SLM device may be switched between transparent and light-scattering states by the application of an electric field, light irradiation or physical/mechanical pressure. The light transmission state and the light-scattering states of the present invention are also stable in time at zero voltage, and are reversible upon the application of an external field at a different voltage, frequency or wavelength of light.

Abstract: Disclosed is a driving method of a liquid crystal display panel. Area division is implemented to obtain at least three division areas for individually providing a compensation signal voltage to each division area according to the difference of the actual brightnesses and the target brightnesses, and with the compensation signal voltage, implementing enhancement to a data signal voltage corresponded with a sub pixel, of which a difference of the data signal voltage (V+) in a positive polarity driving cycle or the data signal voltage (V?) in a negative polarity driving cycle and the common voltage (VCOM) is smaller, and implementing abatement to a data signal voltage corresponded with a sub pixel, of which a difference of the data signal voltage (V+) in the positive polarity driving cycle or the data signal voltage (V?) in the negative polarity driving cycle and the common voltage (VCOM) is larger.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal display device capable of improving reliability of a gate in panel (GIP) type gate driving circuit by improving positive bias temperature stress (PBTS) characteristics of a thin film transistor in the gate driving circuit. The liquid crystal display device may include a first substrate including a thin film transistor of a GIP circuit, and an opaque electrode line that overlaps a semiconductor active layer of the thin film transistor. A backlight unit is included, and a second substrate is positioned between the backlight unit and the first substrate. The second substrate includes a black matrix having an opening that transmits light emitted from the backlight unit. In operation, the opaque electrode line blocks a portion of the light transmitted through the opening of the black matrix, and another portion of the light transmitted through the opening of the black matrix is transmitted to the semiconductor active layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a display device where unit liquid crystal display devices are easily assembled for a volumetric display or a multi display by applying a chamfer structure to a side surface portion of the unit liquid crystal display device. The display device includes a plurality of unit liquid crystal display devices, each having a liquid crystal panel, a backlight unit under the liquid crystal panel, a top frame over the liquid crystal display panel, and a main frame surrounding a side surface of the backlight unit. The liquid crystal panel is one the main frame. Additionally, at least one side surface portion of each of the plurality of unit liquid crystal display devices has a chamfer structure.

Abstract: In, for example, such an in-cell touch panel of an electromagnetic induction method as to generate a magnetic field for touch detection in a display device, provided is an input detection device in which even an end portion of a display area can generate the same magnetic field as that generated at a center of the display area. The input detection device includes a plurality of first drive electrodes placed in a detection area; a second drive electrode placed in a frame area; and a second drive circuit driving the second drive electrode. In addition, the plurality of first drive electrodes and the second drive electrode extend in a first direction to be arranged in a second direction crossing the first direction, and the second drive electrode and the second drive circuit are arranged in the first direction in the frame area.

Abstract: A display apparatus comprises a display device, a functional substrate opposed to and bonded to the display device through an air space and, at peripheral borders on the opposite surfaces of the display device and the functional substrate, first resin maintaining the distance between the display device and the functional substrate and second resin adhering the display device and the functional substrate to each other.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a peripheral area outside the display area; a plurality of light emitting elements formed in the display area; a sealing layer formed in the display area and the peripheral area so as to seal the plurality of light emitting elements and having an upper surface positioned lower in the peripheral area than in the area; a spacer layer laminated on the sealing layer at least in the peripheral area to contribute to form a continuous flat surface extending from the display area to the peripheral area; and a film attached to the flat surface in the area including the display area and the peripheral area.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes an electro-optical panel in which a first pixel group and a second pixel group configured by a pixel, and a driving circuit are provided, a first circuit that can output the first data signal and a timing signal for controlling the driving circuit to the electro-optical panel, and a second circuit that can output the second data signal and the timing signal to the electro-optical panel, in which during one horizontal scanning period during which writing to the pixel connected to at least one scan line is performed, the number of times that the first circuit outputs the timing signal in a state where the second circuit stops outputting the timing signal, is controlled to be equal to the number of times that the second circuit outputs the timing signal in a state where the first circuit stops outputting the timing signal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a first display panel displaying a color image; a second display panel that is disposed farther away from the observer with respect to the first display panel and displays a monochrome image; and an image processor that generates color image data and monochrome image data. The image processor includes an extension filtering unit that performs extension filtering on first monochrome image data, which is made monochrome using a maximum value in a value of each color expressing color information included in the input video signal. The extension filtering unit performs the extension filtering on the first monochrome image data using a large filter size in a larger luminance difference region, and performs the extension filtering on the first monochrome image data using a small filter size in a small luminance difference region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device with a novel structure is provided. Each pixel includes a first circuit for holding a high level (or low level) potential and a second circuit for holding a low level (or high level) potential. A semiconductor layer of a transistor included in each of the first and second circuits is an oxide semiconductor layer. The second circuit is reset when being supplied with the high level potential. Whether the high level potential held in the second circuit changes is controlled by a data voltage supplied to the first circuit. The potential held in the first circuit and the potential held in the second circuit are respectively supplied to a first transistor and a second transistor.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a technical field of display and in particular to a display device housing and a display device. The display device housing includes a front frame and a back plate which cooperate to form an accommodation portion for accommodating a display panel and a backlight module; and at least one elastic member mounted inside the front frame, wherein at least a portion of each of the elastic members is disposed between the front frame and a side face of the display panel to be mounted. The above display device housing can avoid the appearance of discrete bright spots in a display screen of the display device generated under long-time shock, and can also alleviate or eliminate light leakage in the display device.

Abstract: A fixture for display module inspection is disclosed. The fixture includes a base, a lower rotatable body pivotally mounted on the base, a middle rotatable body hinged with the lower rotatable body, an upper rotatable body hinged with the middle rotatable body and a carrier fixedly connected to the upper rotatable body for carrying a display module. A rotation axis of the lower rotatable body and a rotation axis of the middle rotatable body are arranged orthogonally to each other, the rotation axis of the middle rotatable body and a rotation axis of the upper rotatable body are arranged orthogonally to each other. Rotation position locking mechanisms are respectively provided between the lower rotatable body and the base, between the middle rotatable body and the lower rotatable body, and between the upper rotatable body and the middle rotatable body.

Abstract: A curved display device may include a first substrate on which a plurality of scan lines are disposed to extend in a first direction; a first pixel unit disposed over the scan lines and including first, second and third sub-pixel electrodes, which are adjacent to one another in a second direction that is different from the first direction; a second substrate facing the first substrate; and a color conversion layer disposed on the second substrate and including first and second wavelength conversion layers, which overlap with the first and second sub-pixel electrodes, respectively. Each of the first, second and third sub-pixel electrodes may have long sides, which extend in the first direction, and short sides, which extend in the second direction, and each of the first and second wavelength conversion layers may include wavelength conversion materials.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a plurality of pixels arranged on the display panel, a data driver and a gate driver configured to apply a driving signal to the plurality of pixels, a timing controller configured to apply a control signal to the data driver and the gate driver, and store a plurality of driving voltage predetermined values for different temperatures, a temperature sensor configured to measure an ambient temperature, and a power management integrated circuit configured to adjust a driving voltage. The power management integrated circuit includes a controller configured to receive a driving voltage predetermined value among the plurality of driving voltage predetermined values from the timing controller using the measured ambient temperature, a plurality of storage banks configured to store the driving voltage predetermined value, and a power generator configured to output the driving voltage at the driving voltage predetermined value.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a display panel and a display device. The display panel comprises a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including at least three sub-pixel units. A first micro-structure, a second micro-structure and a third micro-structure are respectively arranged between a side opposite to a light exit side of the display panel and a first sub-pixel unit, a second sub-pixel unit as well as a third sub-pixel unit. Incident light passing through the first micro-structure is emitted as light of a first color, incident light passing through the second micro-structure is emitted as light of a second color, and incident light passing through the third micro-structure is emitted as light of a third color.

Abstract: A polarizer includes a base substrate, a wire grid layer having a plurality of protrusions forming a substantially uniform wire grid with a plurality of air gaps disposed between the protrusions, a first layer disposed on the wire grid layer, the first layer including silicon oxide; and a second layer disposed on the first layer, the second layer silicon nitride. Display apparatus incorporating the polarizer and methods of making the same also are disclosed.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device comprises an insulating substrate, a pixel in a display area, a scanning line extending in a first direction, a signal line extending in a second direction, a shield line between the insulating substrate and the scanning line, a pixel electrode in the pixel, and a first switching element including a first semiconductor layer. The first semiconductor layer is provided between the scanning line and the shield line, and comprises an intersection area in which the first semiconductor layer intersects the scanning line. The shield line overlaps the intersection area, and is electrically connected to the scanning line through a contact portion.

Abstract: A lighting device is provided. The lighting device includes: a light-transmissive plate having an entrance surface; and an image projecting device that irradiates the entrance surface of the light-transmissive plate with image light. The image light passing through the light-transmissive plate is projected on an object. The image light emitted by the image projecting device includes light in a first wavelength range and light in a second wavelength range. Here, the light in the second wavelength range is longer in wavelength than the light in the first wavelength range. The light-transmissive plate absorbs or scatters the light in the first wavelength range more than the light in the second wavelength range.

Abstract: An optics component with double-layered micro-lens array includes mainly complex pinhole structures in array arrangement on one substrate face, and either substrate face has an optical micro-lens array. Both optical micro-lens arrays include a plurality of aspheric micro-lenses corresponding to the pinhole structures. When the component is in use, a UV light reflected by a DMD wafer is focused onto each pinhole structure through the plurality of aspheric micro-lenses in the optical micro-lens array of one face of a crystal substrate, and a small spot is formed, which may begin to diffuse after passing through the pinhole structure. Then, the beam is focused onto another face by the plurality of aspheric micro-lenses of another substrate face to obtain a small spot with a small circular spot approaching physical diffraction limit. The formed spot arrays can be applied to the scanning maskless and direct-write exposure lithography process.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an array substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, a polarizer attaching film and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method of an array substrate includes: removing a part of a release film corresponding to a first attaching area of a polarizer, and attaching the first attaching area of the polarizer onto a base substrate such that the first attaching area is in a non-bonding area; and removing a part of the release film corresponding to a second attaching area of the polarizer, and attaching the second attaching area of the polarizer onto the base substrate such that the second attaching area at least partially overlaps with a bonding area.

Abstract: A wire grid pattern used as a wire grid polarizer included in a display device or a master substrate for fabricating the wire gird polarizer include a substrate; a cell area having a plurality of cells, each of the plurality of cells having a plurality of wires protruding from the substrate and arranged in a substantially parallel relationship at regular intervals; and a bezel area disposed along a periphery of the cell area. The cell area includes a trench area separating at least some of the cells. A method for fabricating the wire grid pattern also is disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a light guide plate, a backlighting module and a liquid crystal display device. The light guide plate comprises a light guide plate body and an optical waveguide layer located within the light guide plate body. According to technical solutions of the present disclosure, the optical waveguide layer can modulate stray light in the light guide plate into collimated light, such that the collimated light is emitted out from a light exit side of the light guide plate. As compared with an existing approach, with the light guide plate of the present disclosure, a loss of incident light of the light guide plate is reduced, an optical efficiency of the backlighting module is improved, and thereby a display quality of the display device is promoted.

Abstract: A liquid crystal backlight device includes: a frame that includes a first frame and a second frame defining a space; a liquid crystal panel that covers an opening of the first frame; a backlight unit that irradiates the liquid crystal panel with light; an optical sheet; a cushion member that is located between the liquid crystal panel and the first frame, and surrounds the opening without any gap; a plurality of cushion members that are located between the first frame and the optical sheet, surround the opening, and are arranged at a predetermined spacing from each other; and a seal material that seals a hole which is formed through a lateral part of the frame as seen from the front and through which the space and an outside of the liquid crystal backlight device communicate with each other.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes a display panel including a first substrate including a display area and a first detection electrode, a backlight device opposed to the first substrate with a gap therebetween, a second detection electrode opposing the first detection electrode via the backlight device, and an elastic member between the backlight device and the second detection electrode, including a first region opposing a central portion of the back light device and a second region located to surround the first region. The first region and the second region are different in hardness in a thickness direction of the elastic member.

Abstract: A backlight system for a display device which comprises a light emitting diode comprising an encapsulating lens and an aspheric lens interposed between the light emitting diode and the display device. The backlight system provides a luminance of substantially 100K nits at a cone angle of substantially 12° and is of particular utility in conjunction with laser-based range and speed measurement instruments.

Abstract: An array of pixels in a display may be illuminated by a backlight having an array of light-emitting diodes in an array of respective light-emitting diode cells. A cavity reflector in each cell may help distribute blue light emitted from the light-emitting diode of that cell toward edges of the cell. Optical films in the backlight may include a photoluminescent layer such as a phosphor layer that converts blue light from the light-emitting diode array into white light and may include a dichroic filter for reflecting white light away from the diode array towards the pixel array. A light diffuser layer for the backlight may have printed white ink pads, recesses filled with a high index of refraction material, protrusions for light scattering, light-scattering particles, thin-film interference filters, partially reflective mirrors, and other structures for diffusing the light from the light-emitting diodes.

Abstract: A support structure, a back plate, a direct-type backlight and a display device pertaining to the field of display technology are provided. The support structure includes a batten which comprises an upper surface and a lower surface, a support column arranged on the upper surface, and at least one clamping hook which comprises a connection part and a strip part, wherein the connection part connects the strip part and the lower surface, and the strip part is arranged with a protrusion towards the lower surface.

Abstract: Provided is a surface light source apparatus that improves homogeneity of surface illumination light, using both light rays passing through a light emitting surface of a light-distribution control element and the reflected light rays. A surface light source apparatus according to the present invention includes: a light source; a holding substrate having a main surface on which the light source is held; a light-distribution control element disposed on the main surface of the holding substrate to cover the light source, the light-distribution control element changing distribution of light emitted from the light source; and a diffuser that diffuses light emitted from the light-distribution control element. The light-distribution control element includes a diffusion part disposed at an installation surface that can abut the main surface of the holding substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display substrate; a light amount control layer on the display substrate; a first polarizer on the light amount control layer; and a color conversion layer on the first polarizer. The color conversion layer includes a phosphor, the phosphor includes a quantum dot, the quantum dot including: a core; a first shell surrounding the core; and a second shell surrounding the first shell, and the quantum dot has a diameter ranging from about 2 nm to about 32 nm.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes second substrates, a light-shielding layer, and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes pixel electrodes, a common electrode, and subpixel areas each including area in which the pixel electrode is present and a second area in which the pixel electrode is not present. Each of the subpixel areas includes first and second sides. The first area includes an axial area and branch areas. The second area includes a gap area between the adjacent branch areas. The axial area includes a projection portion projecting to the second side and in alignment with the gap area, and overlaps the light-shielding layer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel including an insulating substrate, a first electrode disposed on the insulating substrate, and a second electrode disposed on the insulating substrate and disposed to be insulated from the first electrode; a liquid crystal layer disposed on the display panel; and an alignment-inducing layer disposed between the display panel and the liquid crystal layer, wherein the alignment-inducing layer includes a compound having a structure represented by Chemical Formula 1-A: In Chemical Formula 1-A above, R1 is a hydrophilic group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, and A is an alkylene group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyleneoxy group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a single bond.

Abstract: A multi-domain vertical alignment display panel and a pixel structure are provided. The pixel structure includes three subpixels arranged in a row, wherein the three subpixels respectively consist of an upper alignment region and a lower alignment region. The upper alignment region and lower alignment region respectively include four subregions. Alignment directions of the upper and lower adjacent subregions as well as the left and right subregions are perpendicular to each other, and the alignment directions of any two adjacent subregions respectively located in the left and right adjacent subpixels are identical, so as to reduce dark lines between the left and right adjacent subpixels and increase light transmittance.

Abstract: Cycloidal boundary conditions for aligning liquid crystalline materials are obtained by mechanical rubbing of a polymer coating. The rubbing is performed by a rubbing head rotating around an axis perpendicular to the rubbing plane while the alignment polymer film is being translated across the rubbing film such as only a linear portion of the alignment film touches the rubbing film at any given time.

Abstract: An electrically tunable optical phase modulation element is provided comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a plurality of first stripe electrodes, a first anti-mosaic layer, a first insulating layer, a plurality of second stripe electrodes, a second anti-mosaic layer, a second insulating layer and a controlling circuit. The first stripe electrodes and the first anti-mosaic layer are disposed in between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The second stripe electrodes and the second anti-mosaic layer are disposed in between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer, wherein an extension direction of the first stripe electrodes intersects with an extension direction of the second stripe electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a manufacture method of an IPS TFT-LCD array substrate and an IPS TFT-LCD array substrate. In the manufacture method of the IPS TFT-LCD array substrate, the common electrode line and the gate are manufactured with the same metal layer, and the pixel electrode and the drain are manufactured with the same metal layer, and the via is formed in the insulation protective layer and the gate isolation layer correspondingly above the common electrode line; in the TFT array substrate, the pixel electrode and the drain are manufactured with the same metal layer, and the common electrode line and the gate are manufactured with the same metal layer, and the common electrode is transparent conductive material and located on the insulation protective layer, and the common electrode contact with the common electrode line through the via in the insulation protective layer and the gate isolation layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a manufacture method of an IPS TFT-LCD array substrate and an IPS TFT-LCD array substrate. In the manufacture method of the IPS TFT-LCD array substrate, the pixel electrode and the common electrode are manufactured with the same transparent conductive layer, and a plurality of strip shape channels parallel with one another in the pixel area are provided on the insulation protective layer below the pixel electrode and the common electrode, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are alternately distributed along bosses at two sides of the channels and extend to side walls of the channels, and thus to increase the areas of the pixel electrode and the common electrode in the direction vertical to the substrate, and to increase the horizontal electrical field, and meanwhile to increase the storage capacitor, and thus to promote the display quality of the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: An array substrate is disclosed. The array substrate includes: an underlying substrate, a light incident surface of the underlying substrate including a display region and a non-display region surrounding the display region; and a first conductive pattern arranged within the non-display region of the light incident surface of the underlying substrate. A display panel and a display device utilizing the array substrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: An LCD panel and manufacturing method thereof are provided. The LCD panel includes a substrate, a device layer disposed on the substrate, a data line disposed on the surface of the device layer, and an organic insulating layer disposed on the surface of the device layer and/or the surface of the data line. The organic insulating layer has a groove corresponding to the data line. A black matrix is disposed in the groove. The surface of the black matrix and the surface of the organic insulating layer are on the same plane. The present invention has the following advantages. A convex structure formed by the black matrix on a glass substrate is removed to prevent a poor LC alignment caused by the convex structure. The mask of the black matrix is saved, thus the number of masks for production use is reduced, and a simple manufacturing process is provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display in which the common voltage line is disposed directly on or directly under the common electrode directly contacts the common electrode such that a signal delay of the common voltage line may be reduced and simultaneously a reduction in the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display may be prevented.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a display panel, a display device and a driving method thereof.

Abstract: A display device includes: pixels; gate lines for connecting to the pixels; a first gate driving block for connecting to first and second gate lines that are adjacent to each other; and a second gate driving block for connecting to the first gate line and the second gate line, wherein the first gate driving block includes: a first gate signal generating portion; a first transistor connected between a first output terminal of the first gate signal generating portion and the first gate line; and a second transistor connected between the first output terminal and the second gate line, wherein the second gate driving block includes: a second gate signal generating portion; a third transistor connected between a second output terminal of the second gate signal generating portion and the first gate line; and a fourth transistor connected between the second output terminal and the second gate line.

Abstract: An electrochromic device, with an external power supply configured to supply a limited amount of power to the electrochromic device and a boost circuit power supply that is local to the electrochromic device and configured to supply power to the electrochromic device that is larger than the limited amount of power supplied by the external power supply is provided.