Abstract: A particle manipulation system uses a MEMS-based, microfabricated particle manipulation device which has a sample inlet channel, output channels, and a movable member formed on a substrate. The device may be used to separate a target particle from non-target material in a sample stream. In order to improve the sorter speed, accuracy or yield, the particle manipulation system may also include a microfluidic structure which focuses the target particles in a particular portion of the sample inlet channel. The particle manipulation device may have two separate sort output channels, wherein the sort channel used depends on the characteristics of the sort pulse delivered to the micromechanical particle manipulation device.

Abstract: A seed sorting machine contains a feeding area, a plurality of filtration units, a classification assembly, multiple guiding assemblies, a delivery unit, and at least one pressing rod. Each filtration unit includes multiple holding trays, a plurality of first partitions, and each holding tray has a filtering hole. The classification assembly includes a classifying tray, multiple guide sheets, and a plurality of outlets. Each guiding assembly includes a holder and multiple ribs, wherein between any two adjacent of the multiple ribs is defined a slot which corresponds to each of the plurality of outlets. The delivery unit includes a base on which multiple V-shaped grooves and multiple second partitions are arranged. Each pressing rod includes a plurality of rollers and multiple trenches, wherein each of the multiple trenches is defined between any two adjacent of the multiple trenches and corresponds to each of the multiple V-shaped grooves.

Abstract: An apparatus for paper shredding and compacting which includes a shredded paper storage portion, a movable ram disposed within the shredded paper storage portion, and a movable push rod.

Abstract: A film treatment system includes a mill tank, a shaft, and a milling blade. The mill tank contains coated polymeric material in comminuted form, and further contains an aqueous solution for removing coating material from the polymeric material. The shaft is supported for rotation about a vertical axis in the tank. The milling blade is supported on the shaft for rotation with the shaft, and has a leading surface reaching radially outward with a convex contour facing in a rotationally forward direction.

Abstract: A device for separating plants and plant byproduct, the device comprising: a housing; a basin located in the housing, the basin configured to hold plant material; at least one rotating arm located in the basin; a shelf located below and adjacent to the basin, the shelf comprising a plurality of shelf holes; a blade configured to cut material extending below the shelf through the shelf holes; a first sieve located below and generally adjacent the shelf, the sieve containing a plurality of holes of a first sieve hole size; and a bottom container located below the sieve.

Abstract: A method of separating a fluid containing oil and water into an oil phase and a water phase comprising contacting the fluid with supported magnetic nanoparticles. The supported magnetic nanoparticles can be recovered after being used in a separation process to conduct subsequent separation operations on a fluid.

Abstract: An ionization air purification system for the passenger cabin of vehicles, which modifies the degree of ionization by modifying the energy levels applied to an air ionization device having a tubular dielectric member or a planar dielectric member or ionization source proportional to the change in air flow dynamics and air quality. In one embodiment, an ionization air purification system for the passenger cabin of a vehicle is disclosed. The system includes an ionization device for purifying the air prior to entering into the passenger cabin of the vehicle while minimizing the production of ozone as a by-product; and means for modifying the degree of ionization by modifying the energy levels applied to the ionization tube or ionization source proportional to the change in air flow dynamics or air quality.

Abstract: An apparatus for manipulating particles includes: a rotor rotatable at a speed about an axis, the rotor having an outer periphery and front and rear opposite sides; at least one chamber mounted on the rotor, each chamber having an inlet and an outlet; an umbilical assembly rotatable about the axis; and a drive mechanism configured to rotate the umbilical assembly at about one-half the speed of the rotor. The umbilical assembly includes: a curvilinear guide tube connecting to a drum at the rear side of the rotor; a flexible conduit residing in the guide tube; and first and second elongate passageways for each chamber extending through the conduit, wherein the first passageway is in fluid communication with the inlet of a respective chamber and the second passageway is in fluid communication with the outlet of the respective chamber. The passageways are held in a spaced-apart relationship relative to one another.

Abstract: A modular centrifuge device for separating fluid samples, including a housing having a modular power assembly mechanism for rotating samples with manual or electric power. A manual centrifuge device, including a housing having a power assembly mechanism for rotating samples with manual power, and a speed indicator for indicating if a predetermined speed has been reached and a time indicator for indicating if a predetermined or calculated time has been reached for rotating said samples operatively connected to the device. A method of centrifuging samples, by selecting a manual power mode or electric power mode on a centrifuge, rotating samples at a predetermined speed for a predetermined or calculated time, alerting a user that the predetermined speed and predetermined or calculated time have been achieved, and obtaining separated samples.

Abstract: A separator extracting dry chopped food waste material from wet chopped food waste material fed in fluid state includes an outer container for an internal centrifuge having a rotating cylinder with perforated walls, which contains a rotating screw that advances the wet chopped food material and separates the liquid portion therefrom; an inlet opening, which receives the wet chopped food material to be introduced into the rotating cylinder through a hollow duct inside the screw feeder, causing its upward movement and advancement; and an outlet opening, which evacuates the chopped material without the liquid portion. The outer container includes upper and lower half-shells that are monolithic and integral sanitation elements of the separator and a centering and sealing element at a coupling area, a flow-regulation valve being positioned at a lower opening to evacuate the separated liquid from the outer container.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) for applying a substance (200) as a bead (202) to a geometric feature (204) extending along a path (220) is disclosed. The apparatus (100) comprises an outlet end (101) comprising a first edge (104), a second edge (106), and an outlet opening (102) at least partially defined by the first edge (104) and the second edge (106). The first edge (104) and the second edge (106) are reversibly extensible.

Abstract: A showerhead having a control assembly is disclosed. The showerhead includes a head portion operably connected to a showerhead engine, the engine including a plurality of nozzles in fluid communication with the head portion and a handle fluidly connected to a water source and defining a flow path between the water source and the head portion. The control assembly is positioned within the flow path of the handle and is operable to vary a flow volume from the water source to the head portion.

Abstract: A fluid delivery system for dispensing fluid can include a dispenser, such as a trigger engine-type dispenser, configured to draw fluid up from a container. A nozzle assembly can include a nozzle, and a nozzle slide. The nozzle slide can be configured to slide and/or rotate relative to the shroud to provide different dispensing modes. In alternative examples, the nozzle can be configured to rotate in 30 degree increments relative to the shroud to provide the different dispensing modes or the nozzle assembly can include a nozzle extension, and the nozzle extension can be configured to rotate relative to the shroud to provide different dispensing patterns out of the nozzle. In another example a first nozzle can be configured to provide one or more dispensing modes, and a second nozzle can be configured to provide a different dispensing mode than the first nozzle. Methods of dispensing fluids and methods of assembling fluid dispensers are also disclosed.

Abstract: An adhesive dispensing system for applying liquid adhesive to a substrate using different nozzles with the same manifold is disclosed. The adhesive dispensing system includes a manifold having a body, a first clamp configured to engage the body of the manifold, a second clamp configured to engage the body of the manifold, and a nozzle. The first and second clamps secure the nozzle to the body of the manifold. The body of the manifold has a first contact surface that engages the first clamp and a second contact surface that engages the second clamp and the nozzle, where the second contact surface is angularly offset from the first contact surface.

Abstract: A method of applying a coating to at least a portion of a surface of a structure using reusable master path rules. The surface of the structure is identified to form surface data. A framework for the surface of the structure is generated using the surface data. The framework comprises a plurality of points. Reusable master path rules are created for a master path connecting the plurality of points. The master path is a continuous line representing a universal route for applying coatings to the surface. The coating is applied to the at least a portion of the surface of the structure using the reusable master path rules.

Abstract: An overspray spray capture structure integrated into a paint spray operation integrates at least one reception surface for receiving an overspray of the spray coating operation. The overspray is communicated through a merging location established between the receiving surfaces and adapted to being removed or recycled. The at least one reception surface further includes first and second oriented reception surfaces not limited to a pair of horizontal and vertical closed loop belt curtains which are traversable supported about a pair of spaced apart rotating shafts. The first and second reception surfaces can include traversing paper rolls for capturing the overspray therebetween at the merging location. Other variants include water curtain or vacuum removal assist assemblies for removing the overspray prior to it setting.

Abstract: A film forming formulation and applicator device for use with the film forming formulation for obtaining sharp paint lines on textured surfaces is described. The formulation comprises a binder as a film forming component. The binder is selected from the group consisting of acrylic, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA). The binder comprises at least 90 percent by weight of the formulation.

Abstract: An applicator for dispensing adhesive is disclosed. The applicator includes a manifold, at least one dispensing module coupled to the manifold, a supply channel configured to contain at least a portion of the adhesive, a recirculation channel configured to contain at least a portion of the adhesive, and a recirculation pump assembly connected to the manifold. The recirculation pump assembly includes an inlet in fluid communication with the recirculation channel, an outlet in fluid communication with the supply channel, a gear assembly, and a drive motor coupled to the gear assembly and operable to pump the adhesive, where the drive motor is configured to operate at an adjustable number of revolutions per minute (RPM).

Abstract: Various exemplary illustrations of a coating agent device are disclosed. In one example, a coating agent device may be a coating agent valve, e.g., for influencing the discharge of a coating agent. The coating agent device may include a plug-in or pluggable fastening base configured to facilitate a plug-in or pluggable mounting of the coating agent device. In some examples, the coating agent device may prevent relative rotation of the device relative to a mating component.

Abstract: An applicator for dispensing adhesive and a method of diverting flow in an applicator are disclosed. The applicator includes a plurality of pump assemblies each having an inlet and an outlet, a plurality of dispensing modules each having an inlet, and a flow diverter plate in fluid communication with the plurality of pump assemblies. The flow diverter plate defines a body having a first surface in fluid communication with the plurality of pump assemblies, a second surface opposite the first surface in fluid communication with the plurality of dispensing modules, and a plurality of diverter passages extending from the first surface to the second surface. Each of the plurality of diverter passages has a first opening on the first surface and a second opening on the second surface, and the first opening is in fluid communication with the outlet of one of the plurality of pump assemblies, and the second opening is in fluid communication with the inlet of at least one of the plurality of dispensing modules.

Abstract: A method for controlling a recirculation pump assembly is disclosed. The method includes receiving a process-dependent characteristic and determining a recirculation flow rate of adhesive that flows to the recirculation pump assembly based on the process-dependent characteristic. The method further includes determining a recirculation pump speed of the recirculation pump assembly for pumping the adhesive to a supply channel using the recirculation flow rate, and adjusting an operating speed of the recirculation pump assembly to match the recirculation pump speed. A system and storage device for performing the above method are also disclosed.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure is an applicator for dispensing adhesive onto a substrate. The applicator includes a manifold and at least one dispensing module coupled to the manifold. The applicator may include a least one pump assembly removably mounted the manifold. Each pump assembly having an outlet in flow communication with the manifold, and an inlet in flow communication with the adhesive. The pump assembly includes a gear assembly for pumping adhesive from said inlet to said outlet and a drive motor with a drive shaft connected to the gear assembly. The drive motor has a shaft with an axis that intersects said front surface of the pump assembly. In another example, the shaft has an axis that does not intersect both of a first side and a second side of said manifold.

Abstract: A remote metering station for pumping a flow of adhesive to a dispensing module is disclosed. The remote metering station includes a manifold having a front surface, a back surface opposite to the front surface, a first side surface, a second side surface opposite the first side surface, a top surface, and a bottom surface opposite to said top surface. The remote metering station also includes a modular pump assembly removably mounted to the manifold, where the modular pump assembly includes a bottom surface, an outlet on the bottom surface, the outlet being in fluid communication with the manifold, and an inlet for receiving the adhesive. The modular pump assembly further includes a gear assembly and a drive motor coupled to the gear assembly. The gear assembly is operable for pumping the adhesive from the inlet to the outlet.

Abstract: A division mask includes a main body including at least one opening pattern, and a clamping portion at an edge of the main body, the clamping portion having an increasing width with respect to an increasing distance from the main body, and the clamping portion including a fan-out portion extending from the main body and including at least one dummy pattern, and at least one branch portion having a decreasing width with respect to an increasing distance from the fan-out portion.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for use in additively manufacturing a composite structure. The system may include a head configured to discharge a composite material including a matrix and a plurality of continuous reinforcements. The system may also include a weave mechanism configured to selectively adjust a pattern of weaving of the plurality of continuous reinforcements occurring inside of the head.

Abstract: The steel wire surface treatment method of the present invention is a method for continuously treating the surface of a steel wire and includes: a descaling step P2 in which scale adhering to the surface of a steel wire is removed by subjecting the surface of the steel wire to wet blasting; a coating film treatment step P5 in which a coating film is formed on the surface of the steel wire after completion of the descaling step P2; and a water amount controlling step P3 in which the water amount on the surface of the steel wire immediately before performing the coating film treatment step P5 is adjusted to a prescribed water amount.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production technique of a 3D glass candle lamp. Transparent glass is processed, the interior of the glass is formed by a laser method, and by conducting electroplating and color plating on the inner surface and the outer surface of the glass correspondingly, under the condition that a light source of the glass lamp is available, light is reflected by the inner electroplated layer and the outer electroplated layer, and thus clearly-layered 3D patterns are formed at the positions of laser patterns; in addition, the colors of the patterns can change along with plating colors and the color of the light source, and the scene illumination effect is additionally achieved.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating film containing a metal oxide and a polymer particle and having a ten-point average roughness of 5 nm or more and 300 nm or less.

Abstract: An ultrasound array for acoustic wave transmission comprising at least one capacitive micro-machined ultrasound transducer (CMUT) cell (6), wherein the CMUT cell comprises a substrate (4); a first electrode (7); a cell membrane (5) having a second electrode (7?), which opposes the first electrode and the substrate with a cavity (8) there between, wherein the membrane is arranged to vibrate upon the cell activation; and an acoustic window layer (13), overlaying the cell membrane, and having an inner surface opposing the cell membrane and an outer surface. The acoustic window layer comprises a first layer comprising molecules of antioxidant and a polymeric material (47) with insulating particles (41) embedded therein, wherein the polymeric material consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms and has a density equal or below 0.95 g/cm3 and an acoustic impedance equal or above 1.45 MRayl.

Abstract: A control circuit includes: an angular velocity calculator calculating an angular velocity of a mirror based on an angle of the mirror; a target angular velocity calculator calculating a target value of the angular velocity; a resonance frequency detector detecting a frequency of vibration of the mirror using the angular velocity and target value; a drive waveform generator generating a drive signal having sawtooth waveform; and an unnecessary vibration controller optimizing the drive signal to reduce an unnecessary vibration of the mirror based on the frequency of vibration of the mirror and providing piezoelectric elements with voltage according to the optimized drive signal. The resonance frequency detector detects the frequency of vibration of the mirror using a waveform and the target value of the angular velocity of the mirror during a duration in which the drive signal is transmitted to the unnecessary vibration controller from the drive waveform generator.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer includes an active layer. The active layer includes an array of piezoelectric pillars configured for emitting and receiving ultrasound and an attenuation portion surrounding sidewalls of the piezoelectric pillars and configured for attenuating a part of the ultrasound emitted from the sidewalls of the piezoelectric pillars. The present disclosure also relates to an ultrasonic fingerprint recognition sensor and an electronic device having the ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to integrated modules for Synchronized Array of Vibration Actuators (FIG. 125A). The modules provide physical interface, power and communication interfaces. Each module may include vibration actuators (FIG. 123A) which can be precisely attached and aligned to the module housing, a microcontroller or other microprocessor, and one or more sensors for closed loop control of actuators (FIG. 126G). Interleaved pairs of ERMs having a center of mass in the same plane eliminate parasitic torque. A single module can produce a vibration force that rotates at a specific frequency and magnitude, which on its own could cancel out some types of periodic vibrations (FIG. 125B). Two modules paired together and counter-rotating with respect to each other can produce a directional vibration at a specific frequency and magnitude, which could prove even more useful for canceling out a vibration. Such modules are also employed to produce beating patterns (FIGS. 131-133).

Abstract: A separating device (100) for separating insects (204) from a rearing-based material (202, 203) includes a sieve part (110) and a moving part (280) for moving the sieve part in order to sieve an unseparated material (201). The unseparated material includes the insects and the rearing-based material. The sieve part includes an cylindrical sieve rotor (110) and the moving part is adapted to rotate the rotor in order to separate the insects from the rearing-based material. The rotor is inclined so that its lower end (112) is lower than its upper end (111).

Abstract: A transfer conveyor assembly for a screening apparatus includes at least one transfer conveyor that is oriented transversely with respect to a feed direction of the screening apparatus and is configured to receive material from at least one respective screen deck of the screening apparatus. At least one intermediate transfer conveyor is positioned with respect to at least one further screen deck of the screening apparatus to receive material from the at least one further screen deck to feed material to a position away from the at least one transfer conveyor in a discharge direction of the screening apparatus.

Abstract: As fruit (preferably apples) are harvested, the fruit is placed on a conveyor that conveys the fruit to a fruit singulating section. In the singulating section, the fruit is directed into slots in a lane formed by two cooperating helical drives. The helical drives rotate the fruit and convey the fruit into an imaging chamber where a camera acquires an image of the fruit. The fruit image is evaluated by a processor in communication with the camera. The fruit is then directed into a rotary sorter which sorts the fruit based on the image evaluation by the processor.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a system may include at least one optical sensor configured to capture optical data associated with a waste product and a processor coupled to the at least one optical sensor. The processor may be configured to determine information about the waste product based on the optical data and to selectively direct the waste product to a selected destination in response to determining the information.

Abstract: An automated tote routing systems that includes a conveyer belt, an array of sensors underneath the conveyer belt, and an identifier reader disposed with respect to the conveyer belt is discussed. The conveyer belt can be configured to receive a tote filled with physical objects. The array of sensors can detect a first set of attributes associated with the physical objects within the tote. The identifier reader can read and decode an identifier from a machine-readable element disposed on the tote. The array of sensors and identifier reader can transmit the first set of attributes and the identifier to a computing system. Based on the set of information associated with the physical objects and the set of attributes associated with the physical objects, a routing module executed by the computing system can automatically trigger the conveyer belt to route the tote to a selected distribution end of the conveyor belt.

Abstract: The present invention disc loses a novel intelligent and multi-channeled grading machine with trajectory tracking sensor network for grading objects into multiple grades in a single pass based on external characteristics viz. size, shape, color, texture, surface, properties or any other possible external characteristics by continuously tracking the trajectory of objects. The novel grading machine comprises of hopper: at least one feeding unit; multiple optics units multiple conduits; multiple sensor networks in multiple conduits; at least one master controller; at least one ejector unit comprising of arrays of single-angled or multiple angle ejectors in each conduit; multiple vacuum creators placed respectively opposite to each ejector; multiple collecting chutes; and multiple collecting locations. The novel grading machine is extremely simple, accurate, and automated, power-efficient and cost-effective.

Abstract: A system for and method of removing residues, deposits, and debris from a substrate that has been marked by a chemical etching process is disclosed. The system includes one or more upper sprayers that deposit a cleaning solution to a top surface of the product as it passes beneath the one or more upper sprayers. The system further includes at least one upper brush that operates to scrub the top surface of the product after the cleaning solution has been applied thereto. The system optionally includes one or more lower sprayers and lower brushes to clean a bottom surface of the product as it is conveyed through the system. The system further includes an air knife system that assists with drying the product prior to exiting the system. The system further includes a controller that is operable to adjust various system parameters.

Abstract: A portable, reusable concrete washout is provided. In a preferred embodiment, the washout is constructed from a series of blocks that can be removably interlocked together and can be easily transported so that the washout may be assembled and disassembled onsite. A plastic sheet or other containment member can be laid over and secured to the washout to hold and contain the mixture of water and concrete as it is washed from the equipment. The blocks are preferably poly-cuboidal in shape and design, whereby the blocks can be stacked and overlap with one another. The blocks further include at least one type of interlocking mechanism for the removable interlocking and attachment of one block to another.

Abstract: An atomization device and a cleaning method thereof are provided. The atomization device includes a jar portion and a host device. The jar portion is movably assembled with the host device and includes a nozzle portion and a container portion. The nozzle portion communicates with the container portion and is provided with an atomizer disposed therein. The atomizer is coupled to the host device. The cleaning method includes the steps of: assembling the jar portion and the host device and turning on the host device; determining whether the container portion contains a liquid; entering a safe mode if the container portion does not contain the liquid or determining whether the nozzle portion contains the liquid if the container portion contains the liquid; and entering an atomization mode if the nozzle portion does not contain the liquid or entering a cleaning mode if the nozzle portion contains the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a steady flow structure and a ventilation apparatus having the steady flow structure.

Abstract: A rolled metal sheet includes an obverse surface and a reverse surface that is a surface located opposite to the obverse surface. At least either one of the obverse surface and the reverse surface is a processing object. A method for manufacturing a metal mask substrate includes reducing a thickness of the rolled metal sheet to 10 ?m or less by etching the processing object by 3 ?m or more by use of an acidic etching liquid, and roughening the processing object so that the processing object becomes a resist formation surface that has a surface roughness Rz of 0.2 ?m or more, thereby obtaining a metal mask sheet.

Abstract: A form-rolling device for processing a tubular member may include a shaft rotatable around a first axis, a first grooving portion that protrudes from an outer circumference of the shaft; a second grooving portion that is rotatable around a second axis parallel to the first axis; a flange-shaped tube-end positioning member that is attached to a position of the outer circumference of the shaft nearer to a base end than the first grooving portion, and a supporting member that supports an outer circumference of a ring member held on an outer circumference of the tubular member.

Abstract: A press forming method according to the present invention includes: a first forming step of forming the press formed part by using the first press forming tool having a line length in the cross-sectional direction of the joining portion contacting with a flange portion subjected to stretch flange deformation or a flange portion subjected to shrink flange deformation is a line length L1 in the cross-sectional direction that is shorter than a line length L2, where the line length L2 is a line length in a cross-sectional direction of the joining portion of the second press forming tool for making the product shape; and a second forming step of forming the press formed part in the product shape by crash forming by using the second press forming tool in which the line length in the cross-sectional direction of the joining portion is L2.

Abstract: A method for forming a multilayer structure from a precursor panel having an edge, the method including steps of connecting an attachment member to the precursor panel such that an edge of the attachment member is in alignment with the edge of the precursor panel and applying heat and gas pressure to expand the precursor panel.

Abstract: A die mechanism comprises a first support member and a second support member, the first and second support members extending in a first direction; a plurality of pin modules between the first and second support members, wherein each of the plurality of pin modules extends in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and each pin module comprises a plurality of pins; wherein heights of ends of the plurality of pins within each of the plurality of pin modules together define a shape profile for shaping the component during creep-age forming; and wherein: the plurality of pin modules are configured to be movable along the first and second support members in the first direction, and/or the plurality of pins are configured to be movable along respective pin modules in the second direction.

Abstract: A continuous motion position controlled in-line linear seamer allows a manufacturer or brewery such as a microbrewery to have high speed can seaming (attachment of lids to full cans of beverage) with a single compact, inexpensive, independent and repositionable seaming machine. The seaming is carried out in-line with production, and is done using a linear can path with no need for a large carousel. The motion is continuous because a variable pitch worm drive is constantly operating, driving cans at different speeds for different portions of the can path, including one portion of the path at which the can may remain motionless while being seamed.

Abstract: Provided is a seaming device capable of preventing dents, caused by a can guide or a seaming turret pocket, and buckling resulting from the dents during seaming, and capable of improving seaming accuracy, by stabilizing the posture of the can being transferred when the can is supplied from an infeed conveyor. The seaming device (100) includes a can placement unit (110) that places a can (C), a seaming chuck unit (120) provided opposite thereto, and a seaming roll (131) that seams an opening of a can (C) and a lid (F). The can placement unit (110) includes a pressing mechanism (111) that presses a plate (112), on which a can is placed, resiliently upward. The seaming chuck unit (130) and the seaming roll (131) are configured to be capable of moving up and down.

Abstract: A wire forming device, comprising: a base seat and four wire forming units. The base seat is provided with a wire output port at its center. The four wire forming units are disposed respectively on four corners of the base seat, and each provided with a movable plate. A plurality of tool seats are located in parallel and disposed at a front end of the upper plate, while an up-down driver is disposed at a rear end of the upper plate. A left-right driver is disposed on back side of the base seat and on back side of each lower plate. As such, through using the up-down driver and the left-right driver, the movable plate can be made to move upward, downward, left, and right in two dimensions, to bring the forming tool of tool seat at front end of the movable plate into action.