Abstract: The disclosure relates to wavelength-controlled directivity of all-dielectric optical nanoantennas. One example embodiment is an optical nanoantenna for directionally scattering light in a visible or a near-infrared spectral range. The optical nanoantenna includes a substrate. The optical nanoantenna also includes an antenna structure disposed on the substrate. The antenna structure includes a dielectric material having a refractive index that is higher than a refractive index of the substrate and a refractive index of a surrounding medium. The antenna structure includes a structure having two distinct end portions. The antenna structure is asymmetric with respect to at least one mirror reflection in a plane that is orthogonal to a plane of the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices and techniques related to optical diffusers and particularly, diffusers to reduce moiré patterns in a projected image. The device may comprise an array of micro-focal elements or reflectors and a light polarization grid. The light polarization grid configured to change a polarization between portions of a light beam and the micro-focal elements of reflectors to diffuse the light beam such that portions of the light beam having a difference in polarization may meet at a point.

Abstract: A display panel is provided by the present disclosure. The display panel includes a plurality of repeatedly arranged display units each having an array of sub-pixels displaying a plurality of colors. In the display panel, a plurality of sub-pixels b displaying a first color are arranged in a first spatial isotropic configuration in the display panel, and a plurality of sub-pixels d displaying a second color are arranged in a second spatial isotropic configuration in the display panel. At least one of the first color and the second color contributes most to display resolution among the plurality of colors.

Abstract: A night vision imaging system (NVIS) compatible liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a backlight and an LCD panel. The LCD panel includes a color filter including a plurality of colored pixels. Each of the colored pixels in the plurality of colored pixels incorporates a near infrared (NIR) filter, capable of substantially blocking emissions from the backlight, including NIR emission between 650 nm and 930 nm, while maintaining high transmission of bands of visible light for producing a full color visual image.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal panel and a method of manufacturing method of manufacturing a liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel includes a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate; and a liquid crystal layer formed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate have transparency in a visible light region and an ultraviolet absorptive property. At least one of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate includes a structure arranged in a predetermined region thereof, where the structure transmits ultraviolet rays in a specific wavelength range.

Abstract: A light guide plate comprises a light guide plate body having a first light emitting surface, a second light emitting surface which is opposite to the first light emitting surface, and a plurality of side surfaces which connect the first light emitting surface and the second light emitting surface. The light guide plate further comprises a plurality of phosphor grid dots arranged on the first light emitting surface and a reflection layer arranged on each of the phosphor grid dots. The phosphor grid dots are capable of generating excitation light after being irradiated by light from a light source. The reflection layer is configured to reflect the excitation light of the phosphor grid dots to the light guide plate body. Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a front light source module, a display module and a display device.

Abstract: A light guide plate includes a light conversion portion which transmits a transmission incident light having a first wavelength, and converts a conversion incident light having the first wavelength to a converted light having a second wavelength; and a light guide portion which guides the transmission incident light and the converted light in a first direction. The light conversion portion includes a light incident surface which receives the transmission incident light and the conversion incident light, an inclined side surface inclined with respect to the light incident surface to form an inclined angle with the light incident surface, quantum dots which convert light having the first wavelength to light having the second wavelength and are distributed in a quantum area on the light incident surface and the inclined side surface, and a reflector adjacent to the inclined side surface in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provides an electromagnetic induction antenna plate, a backlight and a display device, and the electromagnetic induction antenna plate comprises a wiring layer and a fixing structure for attaching the wiring layer to a back plate of a backlight, wherein the wiring layer comprises a first surface facing the back plate and a second surface coated with a reflective material and facing a light guide plate of the backlight when mounted to the backlight.

Abstract: A display includes a casing, a display panel, a backlight module, a front panel and a cover. The casing has a containing space. The display panel is disposed in the containing space. The backlight module is disposed in the containing space and includes a light guide plate and a light source. The light source is adapted to provide a first light beam and a second light beam. The first light beam enters the light guide plate and is illuminated toward the display panel after being transmitted in the light guide plate. The front panel covers the containing space and has a light penetration region. The cover wraps the light source and has at least a slot. The second light beam passes through the slot to be transmitted toward the light penetration region, and is illuminated out of the containing space from the light penetration region.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a light source (110), one or more light guides (104), and a light diffuser (102) having an integration chamber (114) surrounded by one or more light diffusive areas (108). The one or more light diffusive areas are configured with one or more first openings as one or more ingress areas (112) to receive light from the light source and one or more second openings as one or more egress areas (106) to provide light to the one or more light guides. For illuminating visual indicators with uniform light.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel receiving light and displaying an image, a light guide plate guiding the light to the display panel, a printed circuit board disposed adjacent to one side of the light guide plate and including first and second areas alternately defined therein, light sources mounted on the printed circuit board to correspond to the first area and to supply the light to the light guide plate, a first barrier wall disposed on the printed circuit board and extending in a direction in which the light sources are arranged, and a second barrier wall facing the first barrier wall such that the light sources are disposed between the first and second barrier walls, the second barrier wall disposed on the printed circuit board, and extending in the direction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a display panel including first and second display regions that are different from each other, a light source supplying light to the display panel, and a light guide plate having an area which is divided into a first region corresponding to the first display region and a second region corresponding to the second display region, the light guide plate allowing light incident from the light source to progress toward, wherein each of the first and second regions includes a light incident surface through which the light is incident, a light emitting surface through which the light successively incident from the light incident surface emits, and a rear surface opposed to the light emitting surface. The light emitting surface of the first region includes a plurality of first optical patterns refracting the light emitted by the light source to prevent light leakage from the first region onto the second display region.

Abstract: An illumination device for illuminating at least one spatial light modulator device. At least one light source device with at least one light source illuminates the at least one spatial light modulator device; a light guiding element through which light emanating from the light source propagates; and at least one light decoupling element arranged on top or inside of the light guiding element. The at least one light decoupling element decouples of a wave field of the light which propagating in the light guiding element into the direction of the spatial light modulator device. The light guiding element has a refractive index which is lower than or at least equal to the refractive index of the at least one light decoupling element. The entrance angle of the wave field entering the light decoupling element is determined by the difference between the refractive indices according to a particular equation.

Abstract: Examples include hybrid silicon photonic device structures. Some examples include a method of integrating a photodetector with a photonic device on a silicon wafer to make a hybrid silicon photonic device structure. A dielectric layer is established on the silicon wafer. A pit is formed in a portion of the dielectric layer and the silicon wafer, wherein a bottom of the pit is silicon. A germanium layer is grown in the pit such that a top of the germanium layer is lower than a top of the silicon wafer. The germanium layer comprises the photodetector. A photonic device material that comprises the photonic device is bonded to the silicon wafer without planarization of the silicon wafer.

Abstract: An SOI substrate includes a base substrate, a polycrystalline silicon layer formed on the base substrate, an insulating layer formed on the polycrystalline silicon layer, and a semiconductor layer formed on the insulating layer, and optical waveguides are formed in the semiconductor layer of the SOI substrate. Thus, by arranging the polycrystalline silicon layer under the insulating layer, the insulating layer can be made thin. Since the polycrystalline silicon layer includes a plurality of grains (a mass of grains made of a single crystal Si), even when leakage of light is generated beyond the insulating layer, reflection (diffusion) of light can be suppressed. In addition, by arranging the polycrystalline silicon layer under the insulating layer, the insulating layer can be made thin, so that distortion of a substrate can be suppressed.

Abstract: An optical component includes a component body, and at least one angled-facet waveguide formed in the component body, wherein the angled-facet waveguide is substantially mirror-symmetrical in shape relative to a line at or near the center of the angled-facet waveguide.

Abstract: An optical coupling apparatus for coupling an optical fiber to a photonic chip is described. The apparatus includes a collimating microlens for collimating light from the optical fiber; a polarization splitting beam displacer for separating the light collimated by the collimating microlens into orthogonally polarized X and Y component beams; at least one focusing microlens for directing the X and Y component beams separately onto the photonic chip; and first and second surface grating couplers (SGCs) orthogonally disposed on the photonic chip and configured for operation in a same polarization state, for coupling the X and Y component beams, respectively, to the photonic chip.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide optical modules which input and output wavelength multiplexed optical signals to and from an optical waveguide, and a manufacturing method thereof. In one embodiment, an optical module comprises light emitting and light receiving element pairs that are positioned on grooves of one or more optical waveguides, where each light emitting and light receiving element pair corresponds to a different wavelength of light. Each light emitting and light receiving element pair includes an optical pin comprising an inclined surface and a light selecting filter that are configured to reflect light of a corresponding wavelength from an optical waveguide to the light receiving element, and from the light emitting element to the optical waveguide.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for optical wavelength selective switching. One 2×2 wavelength selective switch array includes a plurality of optical input ports configured to receive one or more optical input beams, and a plurality of optical output ports configured to receive one or more one or more optical output beams wherein the plurality of optical input ports and optical output ports form an array of 2×2 optical port pairs; one or more optical conditioning and wavelength dispersion elements; a polarization modulator array having a plurality of polarizing modulation cells, each cell configured to independently change a polarization orientation of an optical beam passing through the cell and associated with a particular wavelength channel; and a polarization-selective beam-routing optical element configured to route each particular input beam to either a first output port or a second output port according to polarization orientation.

Abstract: A fiber optic rotary connector providing communication between a first fiber optical bundle and a second fiber optical bundle rotating relative to said first bundle. The fiber optic rotary connector includes a K-mirror comprised of at least three mirror components and a set of gears adapted to rotate said K-mirror at a rotation rate equal to one half of the second bundle rotation rate. In a preferred embodiment the set of gears is a set of magnetic gears. And in another preferred embodiment the set of gears is a set of mechanical gears. Normally the first fiber optic bundle is stationary, but it may be rotating at a slower rate than the second bundle. In preferred embodiments the K mirror is comprised of three flat mirrors and two of the flat mirrors are positioned at about 30 degrees relative to the third flat mirror.

Abstract: The current invention is to disclose a de-rotating mechanism for off-axis fiber optic rotary joints. Dove prism is a de-rotating mechanism and is widely used for on-axis fiber optic rotary joints. But optic de-rotating mechanism is not available when there is a through bore along the rotational axis and optical light paths would not be allowed to path through the central area along the rotational axis. The hollow de-rotating mechanism in the current invention mainly includes a plural of fiber optic collimator patch cords, which are elaborately arranged on the circumference of said de-rotating mechanism following a special rule. The current invention eliminates the photodiodes in most prior published patents and make it possible to build a true passive, bi-directional fiber optic rotary joint without the limitation to the through bore diameters.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a hardened power and optical connection system for use with hybrid cables. The hardened power and optical connection system includes electrical pin and socket contacts for providing power connections, and ferrules for providing optical connections. The hardened power and optical connection system has an integrated fiber alignment provided through a mating relationship between a plug and a socket.

Abstract: A method for assembling a fiber optic connector utilizes a manufacturing fixture with multiple fingers that are removably affixed to an outer surface of a ferrule holder having at least one keying feature. A core position of an optical fiber relative to a ferrule retained by the ferrule holder is determined, followed by relative rotation between the ferrule holder and the manufacturing fixture to place the core position in a preferred angular orientation, and a housing is affixed over the ferrule holder the maintain the angular orientation of the core position, followed by removal of the manufacturing fixture. A ferrule holder includes at least one keying feature and at least one channel extending in a circumferential direction along an outer surface of a body structure, with a plurality of recesses extending in an axial direction along the outer surface.

Abstract: Connector assemblies having an adjustable polarity are described. For example, at least two ferrules may be arranged in a housing of the connector assembly within independent frame plugs in a certain polarity. A top portion of the housing may be removed to allow access to the frame plugs. Accordingly, an installer may open the housing, switch the polarity of the ferrules, and then re-couple the top portion to the housing. In another example, the connector assembly may include a latch that may rotate about the connector assembly from a first polarity position to a second polarity position. The connector assembly may include a compression element that may facilitate the rotation of the latch when the compression element is compressed. In this manner, the latch may be rotated to a different polarity position to allow the connector assembly to be connected to an adapter using a different polarity.

Abstract: An optical connector comprises a housing, a regulating portion which is protrudes toward an inner surface of the housing, a ferrule which is secured to an optical fiber and which is accommodated inside the housing so as to be movable. The ferrule includes a base portion and a thinned portion that has a thickness smaller than that of the base portion. If the ferrule moves forward in the butt-connection direction, the regulating portion and the base portion approach each other, so that the regulating portion regulates the movement of the ferrule in the thickness direction. If the ferrule moves backward in the butt-connection direction, the ferrule reaches a position where the thinned portion faces the regulating portion, so that the movement of the ferrule in the thickness direction is not regulated by the regulating portion.

Abstract: Described are examples of optical blind-mate connector adaptors, optical blind-mate connectors to blind-mate to the adaptors, and optical blind-mate systems. In various implementations, an optical blind-mate connector adapter may include a sleeve housing and a shutter mounted at an opening of the sleeve housing. The shutter may include a shutter flap to cover the opening in a closed position and a shutter tab to receive a force to move the shutter flap from the closed position to an open position extending away from the sleeve housing.

Abstract: A housing structure for an optical transceiver module includes a casing and a pull member. The casing includes a side wall, two fixation blocks protruding from the side wall at two sides, a connection slot formed on the side wall, and a positioning block disposed in the connection slot. The pull member is movably coupled to the casing. The pull member includes a connection plate arranged corresponding to the connection slot and includes a positioning portion arranged corresponding to the positioning block. An engagement portion for engagement with the connection plate is placed on an inner surface of each of the fixation blocks. Accordingly, the pull member of the housing structure can be rapidly assembled to the casing without use of additional components.

Abstract: A two-part optical coupling subassembly includes a main lens formed with a cavity, the main lens including two surfaces formed in the cavity and oppositely inclined at an off-vertical angle from a central vertical plane of the cavity such that the two surfaces are symmetric with respect to the central vertical plane; a beam router embedded in the cavity, the beam router including first and second beam router surfaces lying on the two surfaces of the main lens respectively, and a partially reflective coating on at least one of the beam router surfaces; and a transparent adhesive provided between the two lens surfaces and the first and second beam router surfaces.

Abstract: There is provided an optical transmitter including an optical connector port and a light emitter. The optical connector port is configured to connect to a connector of an optical cable in a first orientation or a second orientation. The light emitter is configured to transmit the optical signal toward a first region of the connector that reflects the optical signal into an optical transmission line of an optical cable when the connector is connected in the first orientation, and transmit the optical signal toward a second region of the connector that reflects the optical signal into the optical transmission line of the optical cable when the connector is connected in the second orientation different from the first orientation.

Abstract: An optical communication cable includes a cable body, a plurality of core elements located within the cable body, a reinforcement layer surrounding the plurality of core elements within the cable body, and a film surrounding the plurality of core elements. At least one of the plurality of core elements includes an elongate optical transmission element. The film provides an inwardly directed force onto the core elements, and a surface of the film is bonded to the reinforcement layer.

Abstract: The specification relates to a fiber optic cable assembly. The fiber optic cable assembly includes a non-interlocking armor, the non-interlocking armor is a spiral tube having a minimum bend radius of approximately 5 mm, the non-interlocking armor being formed from a single, continuous metallic strip; an inner jacket, the inner jacket having an outside diameter slightly less than an inner diameter of the non-interlocking armor; and at least one fiber optic fiber.

Abstract: A fiber optic cable includes core elements, a composite film surrounding the core elements, and a jacket surrounding the composite film. The core elements include one or more optical fibers and at least one tube surrounding the one or more optical fibers. The composite film includes a first layer adjoining a second layer, where the composition of the second layer differs from the first. The composite film is relatively thin, having an average thickness over a 10-meter length of the cable that is less than half an average thickness of the jacket over the 10-meter length.

Abstract: A packaging arrangement for telecommunications cabling is disclosed herein. The packaging arrangement includes a modular spool assembly defined by a first flange, an opposing second flange, and a spool hub separating the first flange from the second flange, wherein a telecommunications cable may be wound between the first and second flanges. Each flange defines a first cable contact side, a second cable-end storage side, and an opening allowing the telecommunications cable to pass from the first side to the second side, the second side defining a storage compartment for storing an end of the telecommunications cable passing through the opening in the flange.

Abstract: An enclosure system for receiving a cable includes an enclosure having an inner chamber and an open position exposing the inner chamber and a closed position covering the inner chamber. A cable receiving port in a wall of the enclosure extends along a longitudinal axis from outside of the enclosure into the inner chamber. The cable receiving port is configured to receive a cable therein when the cable is advanced axially into the port without rotation of the cable when the enclosure is in the closed position. A mating member is associated with the cable receiving port that limits rotation of the cable when the cable is advanced axially into the port. An axial retention member is associated with the cable receiving port that limits axial movement of the cable out of the port when the cable is advanced axially into the port to a lock position.

Abstract: A method for connecting a number of users with at least one signal bearing optical fiber contained in an optical cable. The method includes: a) interrupting the signal bearing optical fiber at a first branch point, obtaining a first optical fiber segment upstream of the branch point and a second optical fiber segment downstream of the branch point; b) providing an optical splitter at the branch point, the optical splitter including an input and two outputs; c) coupling the first optical fiber segment with the input of the optical splitter; d) coupling a first output of the optical splitter with a first user; e) coupling a second output of the optical splitter with a downstream optical fiber segment of an interrupted optical fiber contained in the optical cable; and f) coupling the downstream optical fiber segment with at least one further user at a further branch point downstream the first branch point.

Abstract: The present invention provides an imaging module manufacturing method capable of performing positioning of an imaging element unit and a lens unit with high accuracy and provides an imaging module manufacturing device. In a manufacturing device (200), in a state where a top surface (11a) of a housing (11) of a lens unit (10) is adsorbed to an adsorption surface (75d) of an adsorption head (75a) so as to hold the lens unit (10) on a Z axis and an imaging element unit (20) is held on the Z axis, a Z axis direction position of the imaging element unit (20) with respect to the lens unit (10) is changed, a measurement chart (89) is imaged by the imaging element (27), and a position and an inclination of the imaging element unit (20) with respect to the lens unit (10) are adjusted based on imaging signals obtained by the imaging.

Abstract: A lens assembly includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens and a fifth lens. The first lens is with positive refractive power. The second lens is with negative refractive power. The third lens is with positive refractive power. The fourth lens is a meniscus lens and includes a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side. The fifth lens includes a concave surface facing the image side. The first lens and the third lens are made of the same material and an Abbe number of the first lens is the same as an Abbe number of the third lens. An Abbe number of the first lens, an Abbe number of the third lens and an Abbe number of the fifth lens are greater than an Abbe number of the second lens.

Abstract: A lens module includes first to seventh lenses each having refractive power and sequentially disposed in numerical order from the first lens to the seventh lens starting from an object side of the lens module, wherein each of the first and second lenses has a meniscus shape and an image-side surface that is convex, and the seventh lens has one or more inflection points on an image-side surface thereof.

Abstract: A photographic lens includes, in a sequence from an object to an image plane, a first lens having positive or negative refractive power; a second lens having positive or negative refractive power; a third lens having positive refractive power; a fourth lens having negative refractive power; a fifth lens having positive refractive power; and a sixth lens having negative refractive power. The photographic lens satisfies the following condition: 90°<FOV<160° 0.5<D1/D6<1.0 where FOV is a field of view of the photographic lens, D1 is an effective aperture of the first lens, and D2 is an effective aperture of the sixth lens.

Abstract: A photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element and a sixth lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element has negative refractive power. The third lens element has positive refractive power, wherein both surfaces thereof are aspheric. The fourth lens element has refractive power, wherein both surfaces thereof are aspheric. The fifth lens element has negative refractive power, wherein both surfaces thereof are aspheric. The sixth lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof, wherein both of the two surfaces are aspheric.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of optical lens, and discloses an optical camera lens, which includes: an aperture, a first lens having positive refraction power, a second lens having negative refraction power, a third lens having negative refraction power, a fourth lens having positive refraction power and a fifth lens having negative refraction power, which satisfy following relational expressions: 17<v3/n3<20, 0.88<n1/n3<0.92, 0.04<d5/TTL<0.05, 0.20<d5/d7<0.28. The optical camera lens provided by the present disclosure can satisfy the requirements on low TTL meanwhile balancing requirements on imaging performance.

Abstract: Compact folded camera modules having auto-focus (AF) and optical image stabilization (OIS) capabilities and multi-aperture cameras including such modules. In an embodiment, a folded camera module includes an optical path folding element (OPFE) for folding light from a first optical path with a first optical axis to a second optical path with a second optical axis perpendicular to the first optical axis, an image sensor and a lens module carrying a lens with a symmetry axis parallel to the second optical axis. The lens module can be actuated to move in first and second orthogonal directions in a plane perpendicular to the first optical axis, the movement in the first direction being for auto-focus and the movement in the second direction being for OIS. The OPFE can be actuated to tilt for OIS.

Abstract: In some embodiments of the disclosed subject matter, an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source is provided. The EUV light source comprises: a droplet nozzle array droplet nozzle array comprising multiple nozzles arranged in a ring, the nozzles are configured for sequentially ejecting droplets towards an annular radiation position; a laser source for generating a laser beam, wherein the laser beam is controlled to rotate and sequentially bombard the droplets that reach the annular radiation position; and an integrated rotary structure located between the droplet nozzle array and the laser source, the integrated rotary structure includes: a condenser mirror comprising a first surface and a second surface opposing to the first surface, and a motor driving shaft that is integrally connected with the condenser mirror.

Abstract: A video-confocal microscopy method for creating an image of an optical section (?) of a sample (99), provides, in one aspect of the invention, illuminating the sample (99) with illumination beams (19) concentrated on spots (x,y) arranged in an illumination pattern (18) in an illumination plane (?0) at the optical section (?); translationally parallel moving the pattern (18) of spots (x,y) to a plurality of positions in the illumination plane; it also provides for each position (u,v) of the illumination pattern (18), receiving light (21) returned by the sample (99) by reflection and/or transmission and/or phosphorescence, and detecting raw images (52), each having a light intensity distribution Iu,v(x,y) on said image detector.

Abstract: A switch which reduces the voltage between the photocathode and the first dynode in the activated switching state compared to the deactivated switching state and a control unit which is adapted to move a target spot, which can be illuminated by means of the light source, over a scanning field by means of a deflecting unit. The control unit activates the switch when the target spot enters a given region of the scanning field and deactivates the switch when the target spot exits the region.

Abstract: A method for tracking three-dimensional movement of an object and focusing thereon is provided. Software repeatedly detects three-dimensional locations of one or more objects and image quality by sampling images at many parameter settings as the objects move in three-dimensional environment. The images are ranked occurring to a fitness score and parameter settings for subsequent images to established using a biologically-inspired algorithm.

Abstract: A certain material irregularly expressed in an observation area is effectively observed. An observing apparatus includes a first observing unit performing a time lapse shooting of a predetermined observation area, a first discriminating unit discriminating whether or not a first material is expressed in the observation area based on an image obtained by the first observing unit, and a second observing unit starting a time lapse shooting relating to a part where the first material is expressed at a timing when the first material is expressed in the observation area, in which a shooting frequency of the time lapse shooting by the second observing unit is higher than a shooting frequency of the time lapse shooting by the first observing unit.

Abstract: A display device includes a first support plate and a second support plate. The second support plate has a first refractive index. A pixel region is positioned between the first support plate and the second support plate. A first liquid and a second liquid that is immiscible with the first liquid are disposed in the pixel region. A diffusion layer disposed between the first support plate and the second support plate contacts the second liquid. The diffusion layer includes a first region providing a common electrode associated with the pixel region.

Abstract: Provided are an imaging lens and an Imaging apparatus which includes this imaging lens. The imaging lens consists of, in order from an object side: a front group GF; a diaphragm St; and a rear group GR. The front group GF consists of, in order from the object side: a first lens L1 that is convex toward the object side and has a negative refractive power; a second lens L2 that has a negative refractive power; and a third lens L3 that has a positive refractive power. The rear group GR consists of, in order from the object side: a fourth lens L4 that has a positive refractive power; a fifth lens L5 that has a positive refractive power; a sixth lens L6 that has a negative refractive power; a seventh lens L7 that has a positive refractive power; and an eighth lens L8 that has a negative refractive power.

Abstract: An adaptive optics system includes a spatial light modulator configured to spatially modulate a phase of an optical image incident on a modulation surface including N two-dimensionally arranged regions and a wavefront sensor including a lens array having N two-dimensionally arranged lenses corresponding to the N regions and an optical detection element for detecting a light intensity distribution including K converging spots formed by the lens array and configured to receive the optical image after the modulation from the spatial light modulator, wherein a correspondence relation between the region of the spatial light modulator and the converging spot formed in the wavefront sensor is specified.