Abstract: Example apparatus and methods plan and control neuro-modulation of a distributed multi-region network in a brain. A location for a deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode that participates in activating a combination of white matter pathways associated with the network is selected. The location is selected based on a pre-implantation image of the brain and a probabilistic activation model of the network. An initial stimulation parameter for DBS to be applied through the DBS electrode is selected based on a post-implantation image of the brain and the probabilistic activation model of the network. A modified stimulation parameter for DBS being applied through the DBS electrode is selected based on the initial stimulation parameter, a local field potential measured in the distributed multi-region network in response to DBS applied using the initial stimulation parameter, the probabilistic activation model of the distributed multi-region network, and the post-implantation image of the brain.

Abstract: Systems and methods for selecting low-power, effective signal delivery parameters for an implanted pulse generator are disclosed. A representative system includes a signal generator and a computer-readable medium that, for first and second signals, increases and decreases an amplitude of the signal over multiple steps from a baseline amplitude at which the patient has a baseline response. At individual step increases and decreases, the system receives a pain score based on the patient's response. The instructions compare the pain scores for the two signals and determine one of the signals for additional therapy to the patient, based on the pain scores and an expected energy consumption of the signals.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable neuromodulator includes calculating an index for each of a plurality of modulation parameter sets, wherein each modulation parameter set includes a respective plurality of modulation parameters from which the respective index is calculated, serially conveying electrical modulation energy to a patient in accordance with each of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, causing the patient to perceive paresthesia in response to the conveyance of the electrical modulation energy to the tissue in accordance with one of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, identifying the calculated index for that one modulation parameter set as a perception threshold index based on the perceived paresthesia, and storing the identified perception threshold index.

Abstract: An embodiment relates to a method for delivering a vagal stimulation therapy to a vagus nerve, including delivering a neural stimulation signal to non-selectively stimulate both afferent axons and efferent axons in the vagus nerve according to a predetermined schedule for the vagal stimulation therapy, and selecting a value for at least one parameter for the predetermined schedule for the vagal stimulation therapy to control the neural stimulation therapy to avoid physiological habituation to the vagal stimulation therapy. The parameter(s) include at least one parameter selected from the group of parameters consisting of a predetermined therapy duration parameter for a predetermined therapy period, and a predetermined intermittent neural stimulation parameter associated with on/off timing for the intermittent neural stimulation parameter.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing ventricle filling volume are disclosed. In some embodiments, a stimulation circuit may be used to stimulate a patient's heart to reduce ventricle filling volume or even blood pressure. When the heart is stimulated at a consistent rate to reduce blood pressure, the cardiovascular system may over time adapt to the stimulation and revert back to the higher blood pressure. In some embodiments, the stimulation pattern may be configured to be inconsistent such that the adaptation response of the heart is reduced or even prevented. In some embodiments, a stimulation circuit may be used to stimulate a patient's heart to cause at least a portion of an atrial contraction to occur while the atrioventricular valve is closed. Such an atrial contraction may deposit less blood into the corresponding ventricle than when the atrioventricular valve is opened throughout an atrial contraction.

Abstract: An implantable rate responsive pacemaker includes a sensor module configured to produce an activity signal correlated to a metabolic demand of a patient and a posture signal correlated to patient posture. The pacemaker further includes a pulse generator configured to generate and deliver pacing pulses to a patient's heart via a pair of electrodes coupled to the pacemaker. A control module is coupled to the pulse generator and the sensor module and is configured to determine a sensor indicated pacing rate from the activity signal, compare the posture signal to verification criteria for confirming an exercising posture of the patient, and withhold an adjustment of a pacing rate to the sensor indicated pacing rate responsive to the verification criteria not being met.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of a method performed by an implantable medical device to deliver a neural stimulation therapy to a patient, a lower dose of the neural stimulation therapy is delivered to the patient. The dose of the neural stimulation therapy is automatically increased from the lower dose to a higher dose, and the higher dose of the neural stimulation therapy is delivered to the patient. A trigger that is controlled by the patient is detected, and the dose of the neural stimulation therapy is automatically returned from the higher dose back to the lower dose in response to detecting the trigger.

Abstract: An encapsulated filtered feedthrough assembly for an implantable medical device including a ferrule, an electrical insulator coupled to the ferrule, a printed circuit board (PCB), a feedthrough conductor extending through the electrical insulator and the PCB, and a capacitor coupled to the PCB. The encapsulated filtered feedthrough assembly can include a mold defining an opening and located with respect to the printed circuit board such that at least a portion of the capacitor is positioned within the opening. A first non-conductive material can underfill the capacitor and a second non-conductive material can be backfilled into the mold to encapsulate the capacitor.

Abstract: A remote alarm for use with a wearable medical device. The remote alarm is configured to receive alarms, voice messages and prompts issued by the wearable medical device and to repeat those alarms, voice messages and prompts in a manner that can more easily be perceived by a patient wearing the wearable medical device or a bystander. The remote alarm can be configured to receive a communication from the wearable medical device, and in response, to identify one or more messages to be provided to the patient or a bystander. The messages may be provided audibly, visually, tactilely or combinations thereof. The remote alarm may further be configured to take certain actions depending upon the content of the communication, such as sending a telephone message to alert emergency personnel to the identity, location and medical condition of the patient, or sending an email.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia device for personalized treatment and diagnosis using capacitive coupling and without dipole antenna comprising a radiofrequency source, an amplifier, a sensor and a modulation signal input/generator, wherein the radiofrequency source produces a source signal which is modulated by the modulation signal input/generator using the phase information generated by homeostasis of the target to generate a modulated source signal, the modulated source signal is amplified by the amplifier and directed to a target, and the sensor detects the phase information generated by homeostasis of the target to provide a feedback signal, wherein the feedback signal modulates the source signal to generate a personalized modulated signal. This radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia device is designed for personalized treatment and diagnosis of a target such as a patient or a malignant or tumorous area within a patient.

Abstract: In a method for stimulation and treatment of a biological structure of a patient, the biological structure is treated by high power time-varying magnetic field. The treatment is followed by at least a partial muscle contraction. The method may be used in applications for non-invasive aesthetic medicine.

Abstract: A novel method to stimulate electrically active biological cells using visible wavelength light and metallic nanoparticles possessing plasmonic properties is presented herein. Using this technology, prosthetic devices such as cochlear and retinal implants and cardiac pacemakers can be developed to have superior properties as compared to the currently utilized electrical stimulation designs. These properties include improved spatial resolution; less or non-invasive devices; and higher fidelity of transduction. An additional advantage of using visible light wavelengths is the avoidance of unwanted heating of surrounding tissue that occurs with infrared stimulation.

Abstract: Systems for generating a proton beam include an electromagnetic radiation beam (e.g., a laser) that is directed onto an ion-generating target by optics to form the proton beam. At least one processor is configured to control the source of the electromagnetic radiation and the optics to alter the energy, polarization, spatial profile, and/or the temporal profile of the electromagnetic radiation beam, and to adjust the flux and/or energy of the proton beam. In some instances the system may adjust the proton beam energy while holding the proton beam flux substantially constant, or alternatively adjust the proton beam flux while holding the proton beam energy substantially constant. In other instances the system may adjust the proton beam energy while varying the proton beam flux, and/or adjust the proton beam flux while varying the proton beam energy.

Abstract: In a particle beam irradiation apparatus that controls a scanning apparatus so that each irradiation position is irradiated with a particle beam a rescan-count number of times by repeating for the rescan-count number of times the irradiation of all irradiation positions in the irradiation target, the irradiation apparatus includes a calculator that receives either one of a rescan count n or a beam intensity J that is a particle beam dose per unit time, to calculate a maximum value of the other satisfying the following conditional expression (P1) for all irradiation positions to present the maximum value to a user.

Abstract: The invention comprises a beam adjustment method and apparatus used to perform energy adjustments on circulating charged particles in a synchrotron previously accelerated to a starting energy with a traditional accelerator of the synchrotron. The beam adjustment system uses a radio-frequency modulated potential difference applied along a longitudinal path of the circulating charged particles to accelerate or decelerate the circulating charged particles. Optionally, the beam adjustment system phase shifts the applied radio-frequency field to accelerate or decelerate the circulating charged particles while tightening spatial distribution of a grouped bunch of the circulating charged particles. Optionally, the beam adjustment system simultaneously radially focuses the circulating charged particles using two or more gaps with focusing and/or defocusing edges.

Abstract: An irradiation apparatus attached to a rotary gantry includes a middle housing unit and a lower housing unit. Touch sensor apparatuses are attached to a middle housing unit, and touch sensor apparatuses are attached to a lower housing unit. The touch sensor apparatus includes a cover, a pair of cover support apparatuses for attaching the cover to a support member of the middle housing unit, and a sensor unit attached to each cover support apparatus. When the cover comes into contact with a bed and moves toward the support member during rotation of the irradiation apparatus, a link such as a cover support apparatus activates the sensor unit, and a contact signal is output. The touch sensor apparatuses also function in the same manner.

Abstract: A medical instrument (900, 1000) comprising a high intensity focused ultrasound system (911) comprising an ultrasound transducer (102, 104, 202, 204, 302, 407, 08) with an adjustable sonication frequency. The ultrasound transducer comprises capacitive micromachined transducers (102, 104, 202, 204, 302, 407, 508). Execution of machine executable instructions by a processor causes the processor to: receive (700, 800) a treatment plan (924) descriptive of a target zone (908) within a subject (902); determine (702, 802) a traversal distance (926) through the subject to the target zone using the treatment plan, wherein the traversal distance is descriptive of the traversal of ultrasound from the ultrasound transducer to the target zone; determine (704, 804) a sonication frequency (829) using the traversal distance for focusing the sonication volume onto the target zone; and sonicate (706, 806) the target zone using the high intensity focused ultrasound system at the sonication frequency.

Abstract: The invention encompasses combinations of bioactive glass composition and potassium salts that are useful in conjunction with delivery agent such as, for example, toothpastes, mouthwashes, and oral gels. In certain embodiments, the compositions of the invention form a rapid and continuous reaction with body fluids (e.g., saliva) to promote the immediate and long-tem release of Ca and P ions to produce a stable crystalline layer deposited onto and into the dentin tubules for the immediate and long term reduction of dentin hypersensitivity and tooth surface remineralization.

Abstract: A compact ignition system for chemical oxygen generators for possible use in an aircraft. The chemical oxygen generator is configured such that a majority of the ignition system can be accommodated within an interior of the generator body. In some embodiments, the ignition system is positioned within a recess of an upper surface of the core of the generator. Housing a majority of the ignition system within the generator allows the overall oxygen-generating capacity of the generator to be increased without requiring a corresponding increase in the overall length of the generator.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a shell, a fixing arrangement, a belt pulley, a main belt, and a breaking arrangement. The shell comprises a compartment defined therein and a belt outlet thereon. The compartment has an opening facing upward. The fixing arrangement detachably buckles the shell on safety harness. The belt pulley is pivotally arranged in the compartment by an axis and defines a winding room. The main belt is coiled in the winding room and has a first end affixed in the winding room, a second end pulled out from the shell through the belt outlet, and a supporting portion provided between the first end and the second end.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an inner cylinder of an explosion-venting-type aerosol fire extinguishing device, including a cylinder body (3) and a cylinder cover component (4) arranged on one end of the cylinder body (3), and an explosion-venting device arranged on the cylinder body (3). The explosion-venting device includes a friction layer (11), a connecting rod (12), a guiding unit (13), and a limiting device (14). The connecting rod (12) are connected with the cylinder cover component (4). The friction layer (11) is provided between the connecting rod (12) and the cylinder body (3). The friction layer (11) provides a frictional resistance and a buffering force for the connecting rod (12) when the connecting rod (12) is displaced, under the guidance of the guiding unit (13), along a direction that a hot air stream of the cylinder body (3) is jetting towards. The guiding unit (13) is a device capable of providing guidance for the connecting rod (12) when the connecting rod (12) is moving.

Abstract: A fire-extinguishing equipment includes: a fire-extinguishing apparatus which transmits electromagnetic waves in a predetermined output direction and discharges an extinguishing agent; an electromagnetic wave-receiver which is provided in an fire extinguishing object and receives the electromagnetic waves; and a controller which controls the fire-extinguishing apparatus to start to discharge the extinguishing agent when the output direction is set to a direction of the fire extinguishing object and the electromagnetic wave-receiver receives the electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: An apparatus for discharging a fire-extinguishing agent includes a detection mechanism and a triggering mechanism. The detection mechanism includes a temperature responsive element configured to detect the presence of a fire. The triggering mechanism is operatively connected to the detection mechanism and adapted to trigger the discharge of the fire-extinguishing agent from an agent container upon the detection of the presence of a fire by the detection mechanism.

Abstract: A pole vault swing-up rack includes a frame body with upper hooks and a lower push bracket. The rack is designed to hang vertically from a horizontal bar—as a pull-up bar—by the hooks. An athlete hanging from the pull-up bar in an upright vertical position may kick his/her legs and torso up to an inverted vertical position to simulate movement of a pole vault. The athlete's shoulders rest against vertical uprights of the rack to maintain the athlete's shoulders and body in front of a vertical plane as in a pole vault movement. A trainer can use the lower push bracket to assist the athlete in the kicking motion. The parts of the rack that come into contact with the athlete may be covered in foam padding and a rubber coating.

Abstract: An exercise device for use by a user on a support surface comprises a support assembly, an extendable neck, and one or more resilient first resistance assemblies. The support assembly supports the user relative to the support surface. The support assembly includes a support body that is engaged by the user, and a support base that supports the support body, the support base resting on the support surface. The extendable neck is movably coupled to the support assembly. More particularly, the extendable neck is selectively movable relative to the support assembly between a retracted position and an extended position. The one or more resilient first resistance assemblies are secured to the extendable neck.

Abstract: A multi-purpose box training system apparatus that is designed to enable a user to train his or her entire body in an effective and safe manner.

Abstract: A training boot having a half-platform sole, a boot upper disposed on the half-platform sole, and a weight housing disposed on the upper. A receptacle fastening member is disposed on the boot, configured and arranged for attaching a resistance band. The sole has a tread, which is interchangeable. A sensor housing is disposed on or in the boot. A heel strap is attached to the boot. Hooks or rings are attached to the half-platform sole, configured and arranged for attaching a resistance band. A training boot system includes two training boots with a resistance band removably attaching to the two boots.

Abstract: The invention belongs to the technical field of fitness equipment, in particular to the independent suspension vibration damping mechanism of running platform of a treadmill. It solves the problem that the shock effect of the existing treadmill is poor and so on. It includes the chassis and the runway frame. The front end of mentioned runway frame is suspended on the chassis by means of a suspension structure and when the runway frame is subjected to a downward force and forcing the front end of the runway frame to descend, the suspension structure can assist the front end of the runway frame to rise and reset. The independent suspension vibration damping mechanism of running platform of the treadmill has the advantages: simple structure, good stability, good shock absorption effect, providing shock absorption buffer to multiple locations of the treadmill, long span life, and high mechanical strength.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a frame and a resistance mechanism attached to the frame. A crank assembly in mechanical communication with the resistance mechanism, and the crank assembly includes a crank arm and a roller connected to the crank arm. A pedal assembly is movably attached to the crank assembly and movable in a performance of an exercise. The pedal assembly includes a pedal beam and a first tensioned element that spans at least a first portion of an underside of the pedal beam. A second tensioned element spans a second portion of the underside of the pedal beam and the roller is disposed between the first tensioned element and the second tensioned element.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a frame and a resistance mechanism attached to the frame. A crank assembly is in mechanical communication with the resistance mechanism, and the crank assembly includes a crank axle, a crank arm connected to the crank axle, and a roller connected to a distal end of the crank arm. A first pedal assembly is movably attached to the crank assembly and movable in a performance of an exercise. A second pedal assembly is movably attached to the crank assembly and movable in the performance of the exercise. Each of the first pedal assembly and the second pedal assembly include a pedal beam and a first tensioned element spanning at least a portion of an underside of the pedal beam. At least a portion of the resistance mechanism is disposed between the first pedal assembly and the second pedal assembly.

Abstract: An exercise machine includes a frame and a resistance mechanism attached to the frame. A crank assembly is in mechanical communication with the resistance mechanism, and the crank assembly includes a crank arm, a roller connected to the crank arm, and at least one internal load bearing surface integrated into the roller. A pedal assembly is movably attached to the crank assembly and movable in a performance of an exercise. The pedal assembly includes a pedal beam and a tensioned element that spans a first portion of an underside of the pedal beam. The tensioned element guides the roller with at least one internal load bearing surface during the performance of the exercise.

Abstract: An elliptical exercise machine, in one embodiment, includes a first assembly pivotally coupled with a second assembly and at least one assist mechanism. The first assembly includes a first frame member, a rotational resistance mechanism associated with the first frame member, a first foot support member pivotally coupled to a portion of the rotational mechanism and a second foot support member pivotally coupled to another portion of the rotational mechanism. The second assembly includes a second frame member, a first reciprocating arm pivotally coupled with the second frame member, a second reciprocating arm pivotally coupled with the second frame member. In one embodiment, the assist mechanism may include a folding assist mechanism to provide resistance between the assemblies during a folding transition. In another embodiment, the assist mechanism may include a rotational assist mechanism to assist a user in transitioning the elliptical machine to an upright storage position.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus comprising: a foot support, a user interface that includes a visual display, the foot support being movable by the user on the frame back and forth through any one of a plurality of complete, reproducible and different arc segments of a master arcuate path, the foot support being interconnected to a selection device that enables the user to select any one of the plurality of arc segments, one or more detectors adapted to detect one or more of force, energy or power exerted by the user over time on the foot support or distance or velocity of travel of the foot support or resistance assembly during the course of the user's performance of all or a portion of an exercise cycle, the visual display displaying a visually recognizable format of one or more of the force, energy, power, distance, time or velocity.

Abstract: Athletic performance monitoring systems and methods, many of which utilize, in some manner, global positioning satellite (“GPS”) data, provide data and information to athletes and/or to equipment used by athletes during an athletic event. Such systems and methods may provide route information to athletes and/or their trainers, e.g., for pre-event planning, goal setting, and calibration purposes. Such systems and methods optionally may provide real time information to the athlete while the event takes place, e.g., to assist in reaching the pre-set goals. Additionally, data and information collected by such systems and methods may assist in post-event analysis for athletes and their trainers, e.g., to evaluate past performances and to assist in improving future performances.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a method is provided that includes the steps of (1) providing a monitor for determining a level of exercise performance performed by an exerciser and for outputting a signal representative of the performance level; (2) using the monitor to measure a level of exercise performance performed by an exerciser; (3) outputting from the monitor a signal representative of the performance level; (4) providing a video game having a character, the video game inputting and being responsive to the performance level signal output by the monitor, the video game using the performance level signal to control a performance level of the video game character; and (5) while the exerciser is not exercising, controlling a performance level of the video game character based on a performance level signal output by the monitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides group performance monitoring systems and methods. In one exemplary embodiment, a group monitoring device includes a display configured to display, during an athletic activity, a plurality of individual performance metrics relating to a plurality of individuals engaged in the athletic activity, each individual performance metric relating to one of the plurality of individuals; and an input to manipulate the display.

Abstract: In a golf ball having, in order, a core, an envelope layer, an intermediate layer and a cover, the following conditions are satisfied: (I) ball surface hardness>intermediate layer surface hardness>envelope layer surface hardness<core surface hardness, (II) (Shore D hardness at core surface?Shore D hardness at envelope layer surface)?10, (III) (cover thickness?intermediate layer thickness)>0.05 mm, (IV) (intermediate layer thickness?envelope layer thickness)>0.05 mm, and (V) (Cs?C10)/(C10?Cc)>1.0 (where Cs denotes the JIS-C hardness at the core surface, C10 the JIS-C hardness at a position 10 mm from a center of the core, and Cc the JIS-C hardness at the core center). The ball provides an excellent flight performance when struck by the average golfer, a feel that is both soft and solid, and an excellent durability to repeated impact.

Abstract: Golf balls having a multi-layered core made of a foamed composition are provided. The core preferably has a foam inner core (center) and surrounding thermoset or thermoplastic outer core layer. Preferably, a polyurethane foam composition is used to form the foam center. The foam inner core preferably includes a fully-foamed center region and a partially or completely-collapsed foam outer region. The hardness of the fully-foamed region is different than the hardness of the collapsed foam region. Non-foamed thermoset or thermoplastic materials such as polybutadiene rubbers or ethylene acid copolymer ionomer may be used to form the outer core layer. The ball further includes a cover that may be multi-layered. The foam cores have good resiliency.

Abstract: A ball collection device, including a handle; a first tube segment and a second tube segment coupled substantially perpendicularly to the handle; a multi-directional roller ball coupled to the first and second tube segments; a crossbar coupled to the handle adjacent and substantially parallel to the first and second tube segments; a first arm coupled to and extending substantially perpendicular from the first tube segment; a first wing extending from the first arm that is configured to deflect objects downward; a second arm coupled to and extending substantially perpendicular from the second tube segment; a second wing extending from the second arm that is configured to deflect objects downward; and at least one roller rotatably mounted on each of the first and second tube segments and the crossbar.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf clubs with adjustable loft and lie and methods of manufacturing golf clubs with adjustable loft and lie are generally described herein. The invention relates in particular to a golf club head with an adjustment portion that allows a user to change the loft and lie. The separate adjustment portion of the club head can couple the upper hosel to the body at a plurality of positions. An insert part of the adjustment portion has an upper section for receiving the upper hosel portion, a middle section, and a lower section. The sections of the adjustment portion can be coupled together by a fastener so that the sections are rotationally movable.

Abstract: A ball striking device may include a ball striking plate having a front surface configured to strike a ball and a rear surface opposite the front surface. The ball striking device may include a covering element located behind the rear surface. The covering element may be affixed to the rear surface of the ball striking plate with an adhesive member. The adhesive member may include a double-sided tape. Further, a thickened portion of the ball striking plate may be located behind a desired-contact region of the ball striking plate and the covering element may be affixed thereto. The covering element may be a highly-contoured element. The ball striking device may be a golf club head.

Abstract: A golf club head according to this invention is a wood type golf club head including a face portion, a crown portion, and a sole portion. A plurality of grooves are formed in the face portion. The depth of the plurality of grooves is less than 0.025 mm. A film having a thickness not more than the depth is formed on the face portion by a surface treatment.

Abstract: A golf club head including a crown, a sole, a hosel, a face and a flexure. The face is configured to provide varying stiffness while minimizing the change in thickness across the face. The flexure provides compliance during an impact between the golf club head and a golf ball.

Abstract: A hollow golf club head having a face part, a sole part, a side part, a crown part, and a hosel part, comprises one or more of inner ribs that are disposed on at least one of the sole part and the side part and that inwardly project from an inner surface of the one, one or more of outer ribs that are disposed on at least the one of the sole part and the side part and that outwardly project from an outer surface of the one, and one of the inner ribs is arranged between the outer ribs in a toe-to-heel direction.

Abstract: A golf club head with means for adjusting a center of gravity along more than one axis is disclosed herein. The golf club head comprises at least one rectangular weight bar disposed within a recessed region on the sole and adjustable within the recessed region. One end of the weight bar is reversibly fixed to the sole with a connection element, while the other end includes an engagement feature that engages a retention feature at the edge of the recessed region. The retention feature provides multiple locations at the edge of the recessed region to which the engagement feature can be fixed, and when the weight bar is in a configuration desired by a golfer, the weight bar can be reversibly secured to the sole and immobilized within the recessed region by tightening the connection element. The weight bar may also include a slidable weight assembly.

Abstract: A picture with multiple slices is encoded by generating a coded slice representation for each of the slices. A slice flag is set to a first value for the first slice in the picture and corresponding slice flags of the remaining slices are set to a second defined value. A respective slice address is generated for each remaining slice to enable identification of the slice start position within the picture for the slice. A coded picture representation of the picture comprises the coded slice representations, the slice addresses and the slice flags. The slice flags enable differentiation between slices for which slice addresses are required and the slice per picture for which no slice address is needed to identify its slice start position.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an iron type golf club head, including forming an iron type golf club head blank, the iron type golf club head blank having an oversized hosel portion and an oversized body portion, the iron type golf club head blank configured to accommodate a plurality of iron type golf club heads, each iron type golf club head having a unique loft angle; and removing material from said oversized body portion of said iron type golf club head blank.

Abstract: A golf club head includes a club body including a heel portion, a sole portion, a toe portion, a top-line portion, and a face portion and having an ideal strike, wherein said sole portion extends rearwardly from a lower end of said face portion.

Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure relate to a golf club head which includes a wood type golf club head body including a ball striking face portion at a front side thereof, a rear side opposite the front side, a crown portion, and a sole portion. Further, the sole or crown or rear portion of the golf club head body may be configured so that the golf club head body includes a bump portion which protrudes from the sole or crown or rear portion and an indented portion which recedes into the sole or crown or rear portion and creates a recess in the sole or crown or rear portion of the golf club head body. Further, the bump portion and the indented portion may be configured so that a center of gravity of the club head body is nearer to one of the heel edge of the club head body and the toe edge of the club head body.

Abstract: A system for optimizing weight distribution of a golf club, including a weight receiving grip, wherein the weight receiving grip comprises a generally tubular member comprising a shaft bore configured to surround a proximal portion of the shaft, wherein the weight receiving grip comprises a weight retention portion at a proximal end of the weight receiving grip, the weight retention portion configured to engage a weight member; wherein the weight retention portion of the weight receiving grip further comprises an enlarged bore portion proximal the shaft bore, wherein the weight retention portion of the weight receiving grip further comprises a cavity proximal the enlarged bore portion, and wherein the diameter of the cavity is greater than the diameter of the enlarged bore portion and the diameter of the enlarged bore portion is greater than the diameter D1 of the shaft bore.