Abstract: Each side piece 40 of a tire 2 includes a rim protector 42. A bob profile representing a contour of the rim protector 42 includes a first circular arc extending outward from a top PT of the rim protector 42, and a second circular arc extending inward from the top PT. A center of the first circular arc is located inward of the bob profile, and a center of the second circular arc is located outward of the bob profile. The side piece 40 includes a side apex 22, and the side apex 22 intersects a normal line LT that is normal to a carcass 12 and passes through the top PT.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a cable bead for a pneumatic tire which constitutes a bead part of a pneumatic tire, improves rubber permeability by restricting a ratio between a diameter of a cable and a pitch of an outer wire, and improves durability of a pneumatic tire by improving rubber adhesive properties through cobalt coating on a surface of the outer wire, and a pneumatic tire having the same, and the cable bead for a pneumatic tire is characterized in that the diameter D of the cable and a pitch P of the outer wire 20 satisfy a relationship formula, P/D=25 to 45, and further characterized in that the surface of the outer wire 20 is coated with cobalt after wire drawing.

Abstract: Provided is a tire with reduced cavity noise, the tire including an inner liner; an adhesive layer applied on the inner side of the inner liner; and a sound absorbing material layer attached to the adhesive layer. The tire with reduced cavity noise is stable and does not cause detachment of the sound absorbing material even in the circumstances of heat generation and deformation during driving.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tire with reduced cavity noise including an adhesive agent layer applied to an inside an inner liner, and a sound absorber layer attached to the adhesive agent layer, wherein the adhesive agent layer includes polyether containing an alkoxysilane substituent group in a main chain, rather than, at an end. The tire with reduced cavity noise is stable without causing separation of a sound absorber even heating and deformation during driving.

Abstract: A communication device mounting position determination system and apparatus are provided configured to limit where a device can be installed in a vehicle. An ECU transmits an LF signal from an LF antenna to sensor units. The sensor units receive and detect the signal strength. The sensor units transmit a UHF signal to the ECU having information including the signal strength of the LF signal. The ECU detects the signal strength of the UHF signals. For example, on the basis of the signal strength of the LF signal, the ECU makes a determination as to which of the wheels is the transmission source of the UHF signal, with respect to the left-right direction of the body of the vehicle. Further, on the basis of the signal strength of the UHF signal received by the ECU, the ECU makes the determination with respect to the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

Abstract: A system includes sensor modules, each associated with a wheel on a vehicle, and a receiver unit. Each sensor module calculates a rotation period associated with the wheel during turn mode vehicular motion and determines rotation direction of the associated wheel during straight vehicular motion. A data packet that includes a unique identifier for the sensor module, the rotation period, and the rotation direction are transmitted from each sensor module for receipt at the receiver unit. The receiver unit determines the steered wheels and non-steered wheels based on the rotation period, and the receiver unit can determine which wheels are on the right side or the left side of the vehicle based on the rotation direction. Knowledge of the steered and non-steered wheels and the rotation direction of the wheels, enables the receiver unit to assign locations of the sensor modules, and hence positions of the wheels of the vehicle.

Abstract: A hitch step assembly comprises a first shot component injection molded from a first polymer compound with a high flexural modulus and a second shot component injection molded from a second polymer compound having a relatively low Shore D hardness but high elastic compression. A post and a step body core are molded from the first polymer compound. A shell of the step body is molded from the second polymer compound and is overmolded on the step body core. The shell forms a compression zone that provides some protection against rear impacts. The hitch step assembly exhibits satisfactory resistance to torsion around the hitch receiver axis and deflection, even when a width of the step body exceeds 10.7 inches and the weight of a large man is placed on the top surface of the hitch step near its end.

Abstract: A motor vehicle wheel suspension having a wheel carrier connected to the vehicle body or frame. The suspension having a lower transverse link. The wheel carrier connected to the lower transverse carrier at two connection locations. A first connection location on a first side wall of the wheel carrier and second connection location on a second side wall of the wheel carrier. The first connection location including a connector connected to both the lower transverse and the wheel carrier. The second connection location including a connection between the wheel carrier and the lower transverse link.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a link arm for connecting a first unsuspended mass to a second suspended mass, and its manufacturing method. The invention applies in particular to a suspension system for a motor vehicle, wherein the arm is able to equip a wheel suspension by having triangular housings to receive a stub axle of the wheel and two connecting links to the chassis of the vehicle. This arm (1) comprises housings (14, 15, 16) to receive a first linkage joint (14a) to the first mass, and at least a second linkage joint (15, 16) to the second mass, and comprises: a stiffening portion (2) which comprises a first thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix composite material reinforced with fibers and which comprises a peripheral rim (8) of the arm, and an anti-buckling portion (3) interposed in the stiffening portion and extending from the rim over substantially the entire arm.

Abstract: A wheel suspension for the rear axle of a vehicle has a wheel carrier for fastening a rear wheel. A link system including at least two links is fastened on the wheel carrier to enable fastening on a vehicle body of the vehicle. The wheel carrier has a link portion for direct or indirect mounting on the vehicle body of the vehicle.

Abstract: A wheel carrier for a motor vehicle, with a base element carrying a wheel bearing, at least one bearing point for a detachable connection to a link provided with a link connection region, as well as at least one bearing point for a detachable connection to a link connection region provided at a link. The first link connection region and the second connection region are designed as separate components and the first link connection region and the second connection region are detachably connected by a fastener to the base element.

Abstract: A spring isolator assembly may include an outer shell with a spring track, an inner wall, and an outer wall for receiving a coil of a spring. The spring track may be disposed between the inner wall and the outer wall. The assembly may also include an insert disposed within the outer shell and includes an angled portion disposed between an inner portion and an outer portion. The insert may include a plurality of holes configured to receive the outer shell. The outer shell may include an inner ring disposed adjacent to the inner wall. The outer shell may include at least one spline configured about the inner diameter of the inner ring. The spring isolator may include at least one spline. The outer shell may include an alignment guide.

Abstract: An air management system and method are provided. The system includes a compressor and a reservoir tank coupled to the compressor. A manifold block has a plurality of valves and is coupled to the reservoir tank and the compressor for controlling air flow. At least one pressure sensor is coupled to the manifold block. The compressor includes a boost valve for selectively directly connecting the reservoir tank and an air inlet of the compressor. An electronic control unit is coupled to the valves, compressor, and the at least one pressure sensor and is configured to provide pressurized air from the reservoir tank to the air inlet, determine a pressure difference between the manifold block and the boost valve, and retain pressure in the manifold block in response to the pressure difference being less than a predetermined amount to reduce startup torque of the compressor without exhausting the manifold block.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for measuring height in a vehicle by determining a distance between a vehicle chassis and a vehicle axle or parts connected thereto. In the method, a first device (12) with a first transmitter (13) and a first receiver (14) and a second device (15) with a second transmitter (16) and a second receiver (17) interact. In particular, the first transmitter (13) produces an electromagnetic field, and the second receiver (17) detects the electromagnetic field. The second device (15) with the second transmitter (16) produces a signal from the detected field and transmits the signal, which correlates with the distance from the first transmitter (13) to the second receiver (17). The first device (12) with the first receiver (14) receives the signal. A system, an electronically controlled pneumatic suspension, an electronic control unit, and a vehicle are also disclosed.

Abstract: A damping force control apparatus for a suspension is applied to a damper whose damping force can be set based on a damping force control value and controls the damping force control value. The damper is attached to a support portion with a buffer member interposed between the support portion of a vehicle body and a cylinder of the damper. The apparatus includes: a displacement related quantity estimation device estimating relative displacement of a vehicle wheel and a relative speed of the vehicle wheel with respect to the vehicle body as estimated relative displacement and an estimated relative speed; and a damping force control value calculation device determining the damping force control value so as to suppress vibration of the vehicle body based on state variables provided from the vehicle body and the estimated relative speed.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a ride height sensing system that includes an encoded electromagnetic source as an input unit for a Hall Effect sensors and the signal from the electromagnet is encoded to enable the rejection of ambient magnetic field. In various embodiments, the ride height sensing system includes a self-calibration system including at least one Hall effect sensor mounted at a fixed distance and orientation with respect to the electromagnetic source to provide for continuous calibration of the system. In one embodiment, the enhanced ride height sensing system includes at least two inertial measurement units, such as accelerometers mounted to each of the body frame of the vehicle and the axle frame of the vehicle. This enables the system to optimize power usage by more accurately and efficiently measuring the ride height at high frequency rates with relatively lower power consumption.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration unit (30) configured to refrigerate a cargo space (26) of a vehicle in which a perishable product is stored during transport is provided including a compressor (42) having an electric compressor drive motor (58) disposed therein for operating the compressor (42). A heat rejection heat exchanger (44) and a heat absorption heat exchanger (48) are fluidly coupled to the compressor (42). At least one fan assembly (50, 54) has at least one fan that is configured to provide an air flow over at least one of the heat rejection heat exchanger (44) and the heat absorption heat exchanger (48). The transport refrigeration unit (30) is configured to operate in a first mode and a second mode. At least one onboard power source (70) is configured to produce sufficient power to operate the compressor drive motor (58) and the at least one fan (50, 54) in the first mode.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a body panel coupled to a vehicle frame and having an outer surface and an inner surface, a thermal structure disposed proximate the inner surface of the body panel, wherein the thermal structure includes at least one of a heat-emitting portion and a heat-absorbing portion, wherein the thermal structure is in communication with the outer surface of the body panel to define an ambient temperature portion and a differential temperature portion, and wherein the differential portion is in communication with the thermal structure and cooperates with the thermal structure to generate a predetermined pattern. A controller having at least one of a humidity sensor and a temperature sensor is in communication with the outer surface of the body panel, wherein the controller operates the thermal structure according to data delivered to the controller from at least one of the humidity and temperature sensors.

Abstract: A battery cooling system for a vehicle may include an air conditioning device including a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and a first expansion valve connected through a refrigerant line and circulating a refrigerant to cool the internal of the vehicle; a cooler including an electric device radiator and a first water pump connected with a cooling line and circulating coolant to cool a motor and an electric device; a battery module in which the coolant circulated therein through an operation of a second water pump provided on a battery cooling line, connected with the cooling line through the battery cooling line; and a chiller connected with the refrigerant line through a connection line, provided on the battery cooling line, and controlling a temperature of the coolant by heat-exchanging the coolant and the refrigerant selectively introduced thereinto.

Abstract: An apparatus for a vehicle includes a cooling fan installed in an engine compartment of the vehicle. A fan motor is connected with the cooling fan to drive the cooling fan. A state detector is configured to detect state data, and a controller is configured to control the cooling fan based on the state data when an intake temperature is within a predetermined range, to determine whether the state data satisfies a decision reference condition, and to lock the fan motor according to a change rate of air conditioner refrigerant pressure during a measurement time when the state data satisfies the decision reference condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides an air conditioning system for a vehicle, which includes an evaporator mounted in a cold air passageway and a condenser mounted in a warm air passageway inside an air-conditioning case to perform cooling and heating, and protecting means for surrounding a plurality of electronic units mounted on the outer surfaces of the air-conditioning case and blowers, thereby preventing breakdowns and malfunctions by preventing foreign matters or water from entering into the electronic units.

Abstract: A vehicle heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system can reduce a load applied to a vehicle powertrain during certain conditions. The system can include a fixed compressor operable between an ON state and in an OFF state. Systems and methods can determine whether an engine water temperature meets a forced HVAC recirculation intake threshold. Responsive to determining that the engine water temperature meets the forced HVAC recirculation intake threshold, it can be determined if the engine water temperature meets a high water temperature threshold. Responsive to determining that the engine water temperature meets the high water temperature threshold, it can be determined if an ambient temperature meets an ambient temperature threshold. Responsive to determining that the ambient temperature does not meet the ambient temperature threshold, the compressor can be operated according to an AC cut cycle.

Abstract: A vehicle heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system can reduce a load applied to a vehicle powertrain during certain conditions. The system can include a fixed compressor operable between an ON state and in an OFF state. Systems and methods can determine whether an engine water temperature meets a forced HVAC recirculation intake threshold. Responsive to determining that the engine water temperature meets the forced HVAC recirculation intake threshold, it can be determined if the engine water temperature meets a high water temperature threshold. Responsive to determining that the engine water temperature meets the high water temperature threshold, it can be determined if a vehicle pitch meets a vehicle pitch threshold. Responsive to determining that the vehicle pitch does not meet the vehicle pitch threshold, the compressor can be operated according to an AC cut cycle.

Abstract: A panel, having at least: at least one first panel havinan outer face and an inner face, at least one transparent, electrically-conductive coating, which is arranged on the outer face and/or on the inner face of the first panel, and at least one region having at least one outer de-coated structure and one inner de-coated structure, the transparent, electrically-conductive coating being located between the outer de-coated structure and the inner de-coated structure and inside the inner de-coated structure.

Abstract: A clamp for removably coupling an accessory to a frame of a vehicle. The clamp includes a device portion configured for coupling with the accessory and a vehicle portion configured for coupling with both the device portion and the frame of the vehicle.

Abstract: L.I.V is a hard plastic automobile visor fully equipped with built in camera 12 MP, f/1.8, 28 mm, phase detection autofocus, OIS, quad-LED (dual tone) flash video 2160p@30 fps, 1080p@30/60/120 fps, 720p@240 fps, Live feed , Blu-Tooth, 10 in HD Plasma screen , LED LIGHTS , WITH CLEAR HARD PLASTIC ID AND INSURANCE INFO DISPLAY HOLDER.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product for shielding an operator of a vehicle from light, including determining a position of a light source based on the location of the vehicle and the current date and time. A line of sight between the light source and the eyes of the operator is determined, where the line of sight goes through a windshield of the vehicle that includes a plurality of pixels. One or more pixels in the line of sight are identified; and, one or more physical properties of the pixel(s) in the line of sight are modified.

Abstract: A vehicle door includes a door inner, a beam having a first end and a second end spaced from each other along a longitudinal axis, and a bracket. The bracket is fixed to the door inner and the beam, with the bracket between the door inner and the first end of the beam. The beam includes a cutout extending along the longitudinal axis to the first end.

Abstract: A supplemental load transfer system for a vehicle includes a vehicle kick-up cross-member and a door trim panel configured to attach to a vehicle door member. The door trim panel includes a pusher disposed to transfer an impact load to the kick-up cross-member. The pusher may be configured as a matrix formed by a plurality of columns and substantially orthogonal connecting ribs to define a plurality of receivers. One or more of the receivers may be at least partially filled with a load-transferring substrate. The one or more receivers may be disposed at a bottom portion of the pusher. One or more columns of the plurality of columns may be oriented whereby an impact-receiving end and an impact-transmitting end of the pusher define different surface areas.

Abstract: A vehicle impact absorption structure includes a door trim and an impact absorption member located on as outer side of the door trim in a vehicle width direction. The impact absorption member includes a base plate arranged to face the door trim, a plurality of legs extending from the base plate toward the door trim, and a plate-shaped rigid wall extending from the base plate toward the door trim. Each of the legs is bent between a distal end of the rigid wall and the base plate.

Abstract: An adjustable-length handle assembly for a vehicle includes a retractor and a flexible web disposed to deploy from and retract into the retractor. A gripping portion is disposed at a distal end of the flexible web. The assembly may further include a flexible web guide roller having a brake mechanism, to allow adjusting the handle assembly to a desired position.

Abstract: A vehicle door for a motor vehicle, including a support structure, an inner shell fixed to the support structure, and an outer panelling fixed to the inner shell. The inner shell is formed and connected to the support structure in such a way that it is a load-bearing component, thereby increasing the overall rigidity of the vehicle door.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vehicle back door structure that has: a rear window that is inclined toward a vehicle lower side while heading toward a vehicle rear side; a back door main body that is joined to a reverse surface side of a rear end portion of the rear window, and that is provided so as to extend from the rear end portion of the rear window toward the vehicle rear side; a rear spoiler that is provided at an upper side in a vertical direction of the back door main body; a sealing member that is provided at a mating portion of the rear end portion of the rear window and a front end portion of the rear spoiler, and that seals between the rear end portion of the rear window and the back door main body; and a lip portion that is formed at the sealing member, and extends from the reverse surface side of the rear end portion of the rear window and contacts a reverse surface side of the front end portion of the rear spoiler, and that has, at least one place thereof in a vehicle transverse direction, s

Abstract: The invention includes a Convertible Soft Top Roof Unit, constructed of Tri-Max™ waterproof woven polyester fabric, comprising a Single Opening or Double Opening or other amount of desired openings, that transforms the roof panels into open or closed mode by opening or closing the zippered roll up panel/s without having to remove the entire roof unit.

Abstract: A truck cover system with a rail defining a cover slot that couples to a cover that extends over a bed of a truck. A clamp system couples the rail to a truck wall. The clamp system includes a first clamp frame that couples to the truck wall, and the first clamp frame includes first and second ends with respective first and second sets of teeth. The first set of teeth engages rail teeth on the rail, and a second clamp frame couples to the rail and to the first clamp frame to secure the rail to the truck. The second clamp frame includes third and fourth ends with respective third and fourth sets of teeth. The third set of teeth couples to the truck wall and the fourth set of teeth couples to the second set of teeth of the first clamp frame.

Abstract: A truck cover system that includes a rail that couples to a truck. The rail includes a rail body with a cover slot that couples to a cover and a wall that extends away from the rail body with alignment indicia. A latch system couples to the rail. The latch system includes a latch housing that includes a tongue aperture. A tongue moves axially within the tongue aperture. A tongue fastener couples to the tongue to secure the tongue to the latch housing. A spring surrounds a portion of the tongue fastener and axially biases the tongue into engagement with the rail. A latch positioner couples to the rail and to the latch housing to enable rotation of the latch housing while the alignment indicia facilitates alignment of the latch positioner on the rail.

Abstract: A drive assembly mounted on a pivot arm for a cover system having a cover supported on an axle for the cover to be wound and unwound, the drive assembly including a housing, a drive motor including a hypoid pinion gear in meshed engagement with a hypoid ring gear, a transfer gear engaged to the hypoid ring gear for rotation therewith, an output gear in meshed engagement with the transfer gear, and an output shaft engaged to the output gear for rotation therewith, the output shaft engaged to the axle to transmit rotation from the drive assembly to the axle. The hypoid ring gear, the transfer gear and the output gear are sized and arranged so that the output gear overlaps the hypoid ring gear, and so that the hypoid pinion gear and the output gear are on the same side of the hypoid ring gear and laterally overlap each other.

Abstract: Method of functioning the retractable hard top system for convertible vehicles which implies splitting the ceiling in the middle (through the longitudinal axis of the vehicle), moving the rear window with the frame-like area around it on top of the trunk lid, opening the upper areas of the rear wings and folding compactly the remaining components of the roof inside the lateral areas of the trunk. This method significantly increases the usable volume of the luggage compartment and offers an easier access to the items carried in the trunk. Also, this method requires a less complex operation system which leads to less expensive manufacturing and maintenance costs.

Abstract: A trim structure of a vehicle includes a deck cover constituting a vehicle interior upper portion at a vehicle rear side. The trim structure is provided between a seat and the deck cover and at an upper end of a door main body. The deck cover includes: left and right cover side portions opposed to each other; a rear window opening opening at a vehicle rear side of the seat; and a rear window configured to be openable and closable. The trim structure includes a straightening trim body located between a lower portion of a front end of one of the cover side portions and the seat and projecting to the upper end of the door main body. The straightening trim body is formed so as to straighten traveling wind to the rear window opening in an open state, the traveling wind flowing into a vehicle interior.

Abstract: Provided is a laminated glass display for a vehicle, in which the wiring harness between a display part and a vehicle body is not exposed. The display part is resistant to environmental factors such as moisture. To this end, the laminated glass display for a vehicle includes a plurality of adhesive films sequentially located between an upper laminated glass and a lower laminated glass having a recess in an end adjacent to a vehicle body panel; a display part located between the adhesive films; a dampener facing the upper laminated glass and located in the recess; and a molding disposed between the dampener and the vehicle body panel.

Abstract: In an outer slide type sunroof unit, a first seal member is mounted to a side edge of a molded part provided on an outer peripheral edge of a fixed rear panel; a second seal member is mounted to a rear edge of the molded part and has a lateral end facing forward at a position offset outward relative to a rear end of the first seal member; and a third seal member is provided on an outboard side of the first seal member. The third seal member includes a first portion for resiliently contacting an inner edge of a roof opening and a second portion that resiliently contacts the first seal member and cooperates with the first seal member to define a passage for a stay supporting a slidable front panel, a rear end of the first portion being bonded to the lateral end of the second seal member.

Abstract: A hail-resistant cover for a vehicle is provided which may include a plurality of cover panels, each cover panel including a cover panel sleeve and an impact resistant cover panel insert. The cover panels may be affixed to each other by flexible cover panel joints which allow the cover panels to fold over onto the adjacent cover panels. The cover may also include anchors for anchoring the cover to the top of the vehicle. In some embodiments, the cover panels are removably affixed to the adjacent cover panels.

Abstract: A hybrid transmission device includes six planetary gear sets mechanically-operatively connected to an internal combustion engine and two motor/generators adapted to selectively transmit mechanical power to an output member through selective application of eight caliper brake systems. Each planetary gear set has a sun gear and a ring gear, each of which meshingly engage a plurality of planet gears. The first and second motor/generators are coaxially aligned with each other as well as six planetary gear sets. The sun gear in the first planetary gear set is connected to the first motor/generator. The sun gear in the second planetary gear set is connected to the second motor/generator. Various driving modes are provided by changing the states of the caliper brake systems and the operating modes of the engine and the first and second motor/generators.

Abstract: A power train apparatus may include an engine including a crankshaft and an engine block, a motor housing connected to the engine block and of which a housing opening is formed, a rotor portion connected to the crankshaft through the housing opening, of which a magnet is connected to a first side thereof and the rotor portion to which a balance portion is formed for compensating for imbalance rotational energy transmitted from the crankshaft; a stator portion disposed between the rotor portion and the motor housing and connected to the motor housing and a transmission connected to the engine block.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-track passenger motor vehicle, in particular a hybrid vehicle, comprising a generating set, which has at least one generator that can be driven by a reciprocating piston engine, a battery and at least one electric motor. The reciprocating piston engine, the generator and the electric motor, which can be mechanically coupled to at least one driving wheel of the vehicle, are connected in series in order to drive the vehicle. The generating set, consisting of the reciprocating piston engine and the generator, has a depth extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and a width extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the width being a maximum 750 mm, especially a maximum 700 mm, in particular a maximum 660 mm, in particular a maximum 640 mm, and the depth being a maximum 310 mm, especially a maximum 280 mm, in particular a maximum 260 mm, and in particular a maximum 250 mm.

Abstract: A power train may include an engine having a crankshaft and an engine block, a motor housing connected to the engine block and of which a housing hole is formed, a rotor portion connected to the crankshaft through the housing hole and of which a magnet is connected to a first side thereof, a stator portion disposed between the rotor portion and the motor housing, connected to the motor housing and including a coil corresponding to the rotor portion, a transmission connected to the engine block and a clutch selectively transmitting rotation of the rotor portion to the transmission.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for a hybrid electric vehicle includes an input unit having three input shafts disposed with several input gears, a torque converting unit including a planetary gear set having rotational elements connected with the input shafts, and a shifting output unit for shifting torques received from the input shafts and outputting the shifted torque.

Abstract: A drivetrain for a hybrid vehicle comprising an electric machine and a double clutch device (which has an input side assigned to a drive unit, a first clutch arrangement assigned to a first transmission input shaft of a transmission for selective torque transmission between the drive unit and the first transmission input shaft, and a second clutch arrangement assigned to a second transmission input shaft of the transmission for selective torque transmission between the drive unit and the second transmission input shaft, wherein the first clutch arrangement has a first clutch input side which interacts with the electric machine, and the second clutch arrangement has a second clutch input side, wherein the first clutch input side of the first clutch arrangement is connected to the input side of the double clutch device via a freewheel or to the second clutch input side of the second clutch arrangement.

Abstract: An in-wheel motor system can drive an in-wheel motor stably, and also allows power feeding from the road surface, even when transmission and reception coils are misaligned. An in-wheel motor system (1) includes a power transmitter (100) that utilizes a resonance phenomenon using a magnetic field. The power transmitter (100) transmits power (P) wirelessly from the vehicle body to an in-wheel motor (10) mounted in a wheel. The in-wheel motor system (1) may also include a communication interface (110) that communicates between the vehicle body and the wheel, and the communication interface (110) may transmit a control signal (CTL) for driving the in-wheel motor.

Abstract: An exhaust device for a saddle-type vehicle having a pipe section with respect to a vehicle body and housing a catalyzer therein, and a muffler connected to a rear end of the pipe section includes an upstream oxygen sensor positioned upstream of the catalyzer and a downstream oxygen sensor positioned downstream of the catalyzer. The downstream oxygen sensor is disposed in either a position overlapping a main stand for supporting a motorcycle as viewed from below the vehicle body when the main stand is stored, or a position overlapping a stand receiver for abutting against the main stand as viewed from below the vehicle body when the main stand is stored. The pipe section includes a larger-diameter portion having an increased diameter for housing the catalyzer therein.