Abstract: A robotic system includes a bedside system comprising an axial drive mechanism and a rotational drive mechanism. An engagement mechanism engages and disengages a percutaneous device from at least one of the axial drive mechanism and rotational drive mechanism. A remote work station includes a user interface and a control system operatively coupled to the user interface. The control system is configured to communicate a control signal to the engagement mechanism to engage and disengage the percutaneous device from one of the axial drive mechanism and rotational drive mechanism.

Abstract: A surgical instrument, such as an endoscopic or laparoscopic instrument. The surgical instrument may comprise an end effector comprising at least one sensor. The surgical instrument may also comprise an electrically conductive shaft having a distal end connected to the end effector wherein the sensor is electrically insulated from the shaft. The surgical instrument may also comprise a handle connected to a proximate end of the shaft. The handle may comprise a control unit electrically coupled to the shaft such that the shaft radiates signals as an antenna from the control unit to the sensor and receives radiated signals from the sensor. Other components electrically coupled to the shaft may also radiate the signals.

Abstract: Autonomous closed loop control of a flexible tendon-driven continuum manipulator having a sensor at a distal tip is performed by measuring spatial attributes of a sensor at the distal tip and estimating an orientation of a base of an articulating region of the flexible tendon-driven continuum manipulator from a kinematic model and the spatial attributes of the sensor. The manipulator control in a task space uses the estimated orientation, a desired trajectory in the task space, and the position of the sensor at the distal tip. The sensor at the distal tip may be a magnetic sensor, impedance sensor, or optical sensor.

Abstract: A mechanical teleoperated device for remote manipulation is provided that is primarily intended for use in minimally invasive surgery. The device generally comprises a slave unit having a number of slave links interconnected by a plurality of slave joints, an end-effector connected to the distal end of the slave unit, a master unit having a corresponding number of master links interconnected by a plurality of master joints, and a handle connected to the distal end of the master unit for operating the mechanical teleoperated device. The device further comprises mechanical transmission means arranged to kinematically connect the slave unit with the master unit such that the movement applied on each master joint of the master unit is reproduced by the corresponding slave joint of the slave unit.

Abstract: A deployable structure is described including a first and a second robotic system (4, 6; 604, 606), each of which includes: a respective distal element (12;22); at least one respective shape-locking element (14;24); and a respective coupling structure (16;26) operable in a first and a second operating mode. When the coupling structure of the first robotic system operates in the first operating mode, it is elastically deformable and operable so as to move the first robotic system; when the coupling structure of the first robotic system operates in the second operating mode, it forms a guide for the movement of the second robotic system. When the coupling structure of the second robotic system operates in the first operating mode, it is elastically deformable and is operable so as to move the second robotic system; when the coupling structure of the second robotic system operates in the second operating mode, it forms a guide for the movement of the shape-locking element of the first robotic system.

Abstract: An adapter assembly for selectively interconnecting an end effector and a surgical device includes a housing configured to connect to the surgical device, a shaft assembly extending from the housing, a cable drive assembly, and a coupling member. The cable drive assembly includes a cable supported in the housing. The coupling member is secured to the cable and configured to connect to the end effector. The coupling member is movable relative to the shaft assembly in response to movement of the cable.

Abstract: Provided is a manipulator including: a movable part; a drive unit generating power; an elongated flexible long guide member to which the part is attached at one end thereof and the drive unit is attached at the other end thereof; an elongated tension transmission member passing through a lumen in the long guide member and transmitting the power of the drive unit to the part by means of a tension; a tension adjusting mechanism adjusting the tension of the tension transmission member; and a holding unit to which the drive unit is detachably attached. The mechanism includes: a tensioner, provided in a movable manner in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the tension transmission member, that pulls the tension transmission member; and a pressing member, provided in the holding unit, that moves the tensioner in a state in which the drive unit has been attached to the holding unit.

Abstract: Dexterous manipulation devices are provided having an end effector enabling large curvature with a diameter of 1 mm or less that can articulate about an axis in a working space of about or less than 4 mm by 4 mm. Preferred devices are robotically actuated and controlled and can be used for a variety of therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

Abstract: Embodiments of a system and method for preparing a robot for use within a sterile surgical environment are generally described herein. A system may include a sterile robotic drape having a first sterile side and a second non-sterile side opposite the first sterile side, a robot interface embedded in the sterile robotic drape, the robot interface including a first face on the first sterile side and a second face on the second non-sterile side, and a plurality of anchors on the second face of the robot interface.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for performing spinal reconstructive surgery, including measuring spinal length in the Y-axis at the middle column, measuring intervertebral spacing in the Y-axis at the middle column, measuring intervertebral tension applied to the posterior longitudinal ligament, establishing the height of intervertebral spacers along the Y-axis at the middle column based on one or more of such measurements, measuring intervertebral rotation around the Y-axis, and measuring flexion-extension or anterior-posterior rotation around the X-axis.

Abstract: A method of determining fluid pressure inside a conduit. The method includes positioning a conduit in a surgical system. The conduit having an external surface, and the surgical system having a pair of sensors. The conduit is positioned in the surgical system such that the external surface of the conduit applies a force on the pair of sensors when the conduit expands. The method includes a step of generating one or more electrical signals with the pair of sensors. The one or more electrical signals corresponding to the force on the pair of sensors. The method includes a step of determining the fluid pressure inside the conduit by converting the one or more electrical signals into a fluid pressure value through a controller.

Abstract: Provided herein in some embodiments is an instrument including an annular body, a plurality of caliper-tip pairs, and a plurality of through holes. The annular body includes an inner perimeter portion, an outer perimeter portion, and a medial portion in-between the inner perimeter portion and the outer perimeter portion. The plurality of caliper-tip pairs are disposed about the outer perimeter portion of the annular body, wherein each caliper-tip pair of the plurality of caliper-tip pairs has a different fixed caliper-tip spacing. The plurality of through holes are disposed about the medial portion of the annular body in pairs, wherein each pair of through holes of the plurality of through holes has a through-hole spacing matching the fixed caliper-tip spacing of at least one caliper-tip pair of the plurality of caliper-tip pairs.

Abstract: A force sensor includes a substrate, a plurality of sensing elements, a seal, and a cover plate. The substrate includes a proximal surface and a distal surface, with the plurality of sensing elements coupled to the distal surface of the substrate. The seal includes a base wall and a flange extending proximally from the base wall. The flange is positioned against the distal surface of the substrate to define a cavity between the base wall of the seal and the distal surface of the substrate within which the plurality of sensing elements are disposed. The cover plate is positioned over the seal and fixed to the substrate. The cover plate applies a closure force on the seal to inhibit the ingress of fluids into the cavity.

Abstract: A cutting tool is provided with an arcuate cutting blade that preferably engages a guide tool to create a curved resected surface during an arthroplasty procedure. In one embodiment, a depth of the cutting blade is sufficient to permit the simultaneous creation of resected surfaces on two bones that articulate, such as both the femur and the tibia for a given condyle, without the need to reposition the guide or the leg. In another embodiment, a cutting member has a generally rectangular cross-section along a longitudinal axis with a first and second surface having cutting teeth defined thereon and a third and fourth surface adapted to interface with a cutting guide positioned proximate the bone. In this embodiment, the cutting tool can resect the bone in two different directions without reorienting the cutting member.

Abstract: An introducer system for use with a navigation probe. The introducer system has an introducer and a probe retainer configured to selectively connect to the introducer. The probe retainer includes a receiver configured to receive a navigation probe shaft and limit movement of the navigation probe shaft in the lateral direction. A first clamp and a second clamp are connected to the receiver with the receiver located between the first clamp and the second clamp. Each of the first clamp and the second clamp is selectively engageable with respective portions of the introducer sidewall to hold the receiver at a fixed location relative to the introducer. The receiver, the first clamp, and the second clamp are configured to provide a visual path through the probe retainer and into the introducer passage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for identifying a member used in a navigation system. The navigation system can determine the identification of an instrument via an input. The input can be substantially automatic when an instrument is introduced into the navigation system field or assembly.

Abstract: Method and system form a correlated view of human or other animal anatomy using at least one transparent or non-transparent display screen associated with an electronic mobile device. The view relates an optical view with other electromagnetic spectrum images with a non-optical electromagnetic image of selected portions of human or other animal anatomy. At least three visible position markers associate with selected positions of a predetermined portion of human or other animal anatomy. The disclosure forms a correlated view of the predetermined portion of human or other animal anatomy by relating said at least one non-optical electromagnetic image of the at least three visible position markers with a visual image of said at least three visible position markers. The view correlates the size and dimensions of the optical view and non-optical electromagnetic image of the predetermined portion of human or other animal anatomy.

Abstract: Provided among other things is a sampling system for determining an amount or type of contamination a narrow, elongated passageway in a medical device, said sampling system comprising: (a) a fluid supply system that supplies to said passageway a sampling liquid for flowing through said passageway and a gas for flowing through said passageway; and (b) a receiving container that receives liquid from said passageway, wherein said sampling liquid is sterile, wherein said sampling liquid is configured to allow recovery of viable pathogens from the passageway, and wherein said sampling liquid comprises an amount and selection of surfactant effective to enhance the dislodgement of Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria from the narrow passageways.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hand-held surgical device, particularly for use in oral surgery, comprising a rotatable tool (2), a head (4) of said tool (2) having a hollow-cylindrical design, and an active region (5), particularly for machining bones, being arranged at a distal edge (3) of said head (4), characterised in that a protection device (1) is arranged which partially surrounds the distal edge (3) of the tool (2) and in some sections extends in the axial direction beyond said distal edge (3) such that only a circular arc (6) of the distal edge (3) serves as the active region (5).

Abstract: A powder delivery nozzle (12) for a personal care appliance (10) comprises a body (28), guidance tip (38), powder chamber (50), and flexible membrane (56). The body (28) includes an air-liquid channel (30) for delivery of air and/or liquid from a proximal end to a distal end thereof. The guidance tip (38), located at the distal end of the body (28), includes an orifice (40) coupled to the air-liquid channel (30) and is configured to expel a pulse of air and/or liquid. The powder chamber (50) is configured for storing a powder (52) and having an air intake port (42) and a powder outlet port (44). The flexible membrane (56) is disposed between the powder chamber (50) and the air-liquid channel (30). Responsive to delivery of a pulse of air and/or liquid via the air-liquid channel (30), a pulse of pressure is applied to the flexible membrane (56) for actuating a release of powder expelled from the powder chamber (50) via the powder outlet port (44). A method and personal care appliance are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reamer with improved blade for Ni—Ti instruments for endodontic use, said reamer comprising a not active tip (3, 13, 113) and at least one blade (2a, 2b; 12a, 12b, 12c; 112a, 112b) having, at least partially, a substantially spiral development and comprising a crest (4a, 4b; 14a, 14b, 14c; 114a, 114b) where a plurality of undulations (5a, 5b; 15a, 15b, 15c; 115a, 115b) is formed, such that said plurality of undulations (5a, 5b; 15a, 15b, 15c; 115a, 115b) causes a deceleration or an interruption during advancing motion of said reamer when using said reamer for enlarging a channel.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and apparatuses to obtain an image, or a set of images, of a patient's teeth from one or more predetermined viewing angles. These methods and apparatuses may include the use an overlay comprising an outline of teeth for each predetermined viewing angle. The overlay may be used for automatically capturing, focusing and/or illuminating the teeth. Also described herein are methods and apparatuses for using a series of images of the patient's teeth including a set of predetermined views to determine if a patient is a candidate for an orthopedic procedure.

Abstract: An orthodontic bracket assembly includes a mounting plate configured to be coupled to a tooth and a bracket member. The bracket member has a first portion generally extending in a first direction, a second portion generally extending in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a slot defined intermediate the first and second portions. The slot is configured to receive a wire. Additionally, each of the first and second portions includes a curved surface defining an entrance of the slot.

Abstract: The present invention relates to orthodontic brackets designed for use with the deciduous teeth and method for its use. The brackets provide one or more debonding tabs which reduces the potential for damage to the deciduous tooth due to the application of excessive force during the debonding process. The small size of the brackets allow the brackets to fit available crown space on the deciduous teeth. Further the brackets are shaped to minimize mechanical forces applied to the deciduous teeth when engaged with an archwire. The bracket bases are shaped to conform to the morphology of the deciduous tooth crown surface thereby providing an optimal adhesive interface with the deciduous tooth. The deciduous brackets provide proper adhesion to avoid unwanted detachment of the brackets which often occurs when the use of permanent brackets is attempted on the deciduous teeth.

Abstract: Methods of selecting or designing an implant to be used in a patient are provided. A CT scan of a patient's mouth is performed. A 3D CAD model of the patient's mouth is created utilizing data generated by the CT scan. Properties of the patient's mouth are determined based upon CT scan data and assigned to the 3D CAD model. A desired location for an implant is selected. A FEA simulation is performed on the 3D CAD model to choose an implant or to design an implant that optimizes a selected variable.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for implant-bar-supported restoration that includes a superstructure and a plurality of dental bars. At least two of the plurality of dental bars have different shapes or different sizes, and the superstructure is coupled with the plurality of dental bars. Also disclosed is a dental bar including a plurality of separate pieces, wherein: each of the plurality of pieces is shaped and configured to be coupled with a dental implant; each of the plurality of pieces is shaped and configured to be coupled with a superstructure; and each of the plurality of pieces has a different shape or different size.

Abstract: A dental tool for resurfacing thread forms of a dental implant is disclosed. The tool includes a main body having a cylindrical member with a slot. A blade having a head is inserted in the slot to orient the head to protrude from the interior surface of the cylindrical member of the main body. The main body may be rotated into traversing a thread form of the implant. A compression sleeve is inserted over the main body. The compression sleeve has an open position and a closed position to hold the blade in the slot.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a dental cutting zirconia blank having high relative density for preparing a dental restoration. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a dental cutting zirconia blank which consists of a zirconia ceramics used for the cutting with the CAD/CAM system in the dental field, a semi-sinter zirconia blank (pre-sintered body) of which has high relative density, and which can provide a prosthesis device having high aesthetics after sintering.

Abstract: The present application describes a method for designing and manufacturing a denture device for a patient. A method is described for designing a virtual denture and manufacturing a denture device from the virtual denture. An apparatus is prepared having a denture teeth set-up that corresponds to a pre-designed denture teeth design and a denture base that comprises patient specific information. The methods and apparatus described herein reduce the number of visits required to manufacture a denture device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a milling block (1) for producing partial or total prostheses, comprising a prosthesis base (3) to be processed according to the shape of the jaw, on which synthetically moulded teeth (5), preferably a full set of teeth, are provided, a milling block system consisting of a first milling block for the upper set of teeth and a second milling block for the lower set of teeth, and a method for producing partial or total prostheses.

Abstract: A position capturing device for tooth implants in the mouth of a patient, having multiple position capturing units which each comprise an elongated transfer post with a shank, a tooth implant interface and a bore for receiving a tooth implant screw, a carrier unit for connecting the multiple position capturing units together in order to fix the position thereof with respect to one another. The carrier unit comprises at least one carrier element and at least two fixing elements. Each fixing element comprises a fastening element for the pivotable and lockable attachment on the carrier element and a shank-receiving element for the releasable fastening on the shank of the transfer post. The shank-receiving element and the fastening element are connected together so as to be rotatable and the distance between the shank-receiving elements with respect to one another is adjustable.

Abstract: A method of treating a tubular medical device with a biomolecule comprises the steps of: a) providing a polyolefin tubular substrate forming a tubular medical device; b) cleaning the tubular polyolefin substrate; c) exposing the tubular polyolefin substrate to a reactive gas containing at least one of acrylic acid and siloxane and to plasma energy to yield a plasma-deposited coating on at least one surface of the tubular polyolefin substrate; and d) attaching a biomolecule to the polyolefin substrate following formation of the plasma-deposited coating on at least one surface of the tubular polyolefin substrate, and wherein the biomolecule is at least one of an antibacterial agent, antimicrobial agent, anticoagulant, heparin, antithrombotic agent, platelet agent, anti-inflammatory, enzyme, catalyst, hormone, growth factor, drug, vitamin, antibody, antigen, protein, nucleic acid, dye, a DNA segment, an RNA segment, protein, and peptide.

Abstract: A dental cleaning appliance includes a handle and a fluid delivery system. The fluid delivery system includes a nozzle for delivering a burst of working fluid to the teeth of a user. The nozzle moves relative to the handle as the appliance is moved along the teeth of the user. A sensor provides an output which varies with movement of nozzle relative to the handle. A control circuit actuates the delivery of working fluid to the teeth of the user depending on the output from the sensor. The control circuit is configured to adjust a parameter of the delivery to the teeth of the user, such as the volume of working fluid within a delivery, depending on the variation with time of the output from the sensor.

Abstract: A dental instrument comprising a handle removably attached to an instrument head. The handle has at least two fluid lines in fluid communication with at least one aperture in the instrument head, and may be used for aspiration and irrigation. Details of fluid line and aperture arrangements are discussed, as well as instrument heads and attachment mechanisms.

Abstract: Tooth brushing monitoring system is disclosed that includes a toothbrush with sensors and a base station. The sensors record data regarding the quality, quantity and location of brushing and the system can analyze the data to provide feedback on the quality of brushing.

Abstract: A dental cleaning appliance includes a handle and a fluid delivery system. The fluid delivery system includes a nozzle for delivering a burst of working fluid to the teeth of a user. A contact member for engaging the teeth of the user is moveable relative to the nozzle as the appliance is moved along the teeth of the user. A sensor provides an output which varies with movement of contact member relative to the nozzle. A control circuit actuates the delivery of working fluid to the teeth of the user depending on the output from the sensor.

Abstract: A delivery device for delivering a enamel regeneration system to the surfaces of teeth, the 5 delivery device comprising; a strip of an orally acceptable flexible material, having a strip surface capable of being applied to a tooth surface, the strip having the enamel regeneration system deposited upon the strip surface thereof, and/or impregnated into its structure.

Abstract: A delivery system for delivering a enamel regeneration system to the surfaces of teeth the delivery system comprising a delivery device and a separate activator composition, the delivery device comprising; a strip of an orally acceptable flexible material, having a strip surface capable of being applied to a tooth surface, the strip having components of an enamel regeneration system deposited upon the strip surface thereof, and/or impregnated into its structure and the activator system comprising water.

Abstract: A teeth whitening system with an improved tray and manner of application is provided. The teeth whitening tray of the present system comprises a U-shaped tray configured to receive a set of upper and lower dental ridges, or teeth, of a user. When in use, the user inserts the tray into his or her mouth in the appropriate manner, with the upper and lower dental ridges of the user being coated with the appropriate whitening agent. A plurality of LED lights are activated along the interior of the teeth whitening tray. The LED activation in turn activates the whitening agent and effectively whitens the user's teeth. A plurality of ridges is provided on the teeth whitening tray to ensure security of the teeth whitening agent during use, and upper and lower lip platforms are provided on the exterior of the teeth whitening tray to ensure the user's lips and other sensitive areas of the mouth are protected from the whitening agent during use.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to devices for fastening a hernia mesh. The invention provides a surgical fastening device that includes a shaft with a fastener carrier disposed at least partially within the shaft, in which the carrier is configured to accept fasteners of a plurality of different sizes. Different sized fasteners can be preloaded in interchangeable carriers or even mixed together within a carrier in the fastening device. The device can deliver the fasteners to different depths in a patient's tissue.

Abstract: The invention relates to a resorbable multifilament comprising a number of individual resorbable filaments of a first type having a first degradation time and a number of individual resorbable filaments of a second type having a second degradation time, wherein the filaments of the first type and the filaments of the second type are arranged in close relationship to form a composite multifilament having a length and a specific composite cross-section comprising cross-sections of the individual filaments of the first type and second type, wherein the cross-sections of the individual filaments of the first and second type are located at determined relative positions, wherein the relative positions amongst the individual cross-sections of the filaments of the first and second types are invariant over the length of the composite multifilament.

Abstract: An example medical device for treating a body lumen is disclosed. The medical device includes an expandable scaffold including first and second regions, each of the first and second regions include a plurality of interstices located therein. The medical device also includes a covering spanning each of the plurality of interstices of the first region. The second region is free of the covering. A biodegradable gripping material is disposed on an outer surface of the covering. Further, the expandable scaffold is configured to shift from a collapsed state to an expanded state and the second region is configured to contact an inner surface of the body lumen in the expanded state. Additionally, the gripping material is designed to initially prevent migration of the expandable scaffold upon implantation in the body lumen until the second region is secured to the inner surface of the body lumen.

Abstract: Stents formed from dissimilar materials configured to control tissue growth. A stent may be formed from a composite wire helically wound into a stent having a tubular configuration. The composite wire includes a first wire and a second wire coupled together, the first and second wires being formed from dissimilar metals such that a potential difference is formed when the dissimilar metals are exposed to bodily fluids. The potential difference is configured to inhibit cell proliferation and thereby control tissue growth around the stent after implantation. A stent may be formed from a hollow composite wire including an inner member that includes first and second longitudinal strips formed from dissimilar metals. A stent may be formed from a composite wire having a plurality of windows along a length of the composite wire. An insert formed from a dissimilar metal is disposed within each window of the plurality of windows.

Abstract: An implantable containment apparatus for receiving and retaining a plurality of cells for insertion into a patient, such as into a tissue bed, is disclosed. The device includes a chamber having structural spacers therein to maintain an average distance between the first interior surface and the second interior surface of the chamber and to define at least one reservoir space for the placement of cells within the chamber.

Abstract: An example medical device for treating a body lumen is disclosed. The medical device includes an expandable scaffold positionable within a body lumen wherein the body lumen has an inner surface. The medical device also includes a support member extending circumferentially around and attached to an outer surface of the expandable scaffold. The support member is configured to be positioned between the outer surface of the expandable scaffold and the inner surface of the body lumen and at least a portion of the support member is configured to shift relative to the inner surface of the body lumen. Further, shifting the support member shifts the scaffold longitudinally from a first position within the body lumen to a second position within the body lumen with the scaffold in an expanded state to accommodate peristalsis.

Abstract: A temporary diameter reduction constraint arrangement for a stent graft in combination with a stent graft is disclosed. The stent graft has a proximal end and a distal end and comprises a biocompatible graft material tube and a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart self-expanding stents fastened thereto, including at least an end stent and a plurality of intermediate stents. The constraint arrangement comprises: an elongate receiver extending longitudinally within the graft material tube; a first wire extending longitudinally along the graft material tube in a first serpentine pattern; and a second wire extending longitudinally along the graft material tube in a second serpentine pattern, wherein at least one of the first and second wires repeatedly loops over the receiver along a longitudinal length of the stent graft thereby securing the stent graft to the receiver. In one embodiment there is also a plurality of loops of thread to reduce the stent graft.

Abstract: The described invention provides an endovascular device comprising a tube comprising a first end comprising a bifurcation and a second end comprising an opening. The bifurcation at the first end comprises a first branch and a second branch. The opening at the second end comprises a primary opening and a secondary opening. The first branch and the primary opening form a working lumen. The second branch and the secondary opening form a support lumen. The described invention further provides an endovascular device comprising a tube comprising a side-hole, a first segment comprising a primary opening and a second segment. The side-hole and the first segment form a working lumen. The second segment forms a support lumen.

Abstract: A stent/graft assembly includes a tubular graft connected in substantially end-to-end relationship with a generally tubular stent.

Abstract: An instrument for clamping and trimming the bone tendon portion of a graft to a desired size, comprising a pair of elongated handles each having jaws at one end; the handles being hinged together at a pivot point allowing the jaws to open and close in a scissor arrangement, the jaws defining a generally U-shaped trapezoidal receptacle when the jaws are closed about the bone tendon portion of the graft to be trimmed and the jaws comprising respective upper guide surfaces along their upper edges whereby, when a bone tendon portion is positioned in the U-shaped trapezoidal receptacle, the upper guide surfaces function as a guide for a blade of a saw to trim any excess portion of the bone tendon portion protruding above the upper guide surfaces.

Abstract: Devices and methods for securing a graft with respect to bone are provided. One exemplary embodiment of a surgical implant includes a flexible filament body and a suture filament or repair construct that extends through the filament body at multiple locations. The repair construct is formed into one or more coils, which can receive a graft. The flexible filament body can be configured to be actuated between unstressed and anchoring configurations, the latter of which sets a location of the suture filament, and associated graft, in a bone tunnel. More particularly, the flexible filament body can ball up, or become denser, to a size that cannot pass into the bone tunnel in which the suture filament holding the graft is disposed. The present disclosure also provides for feedback units to assist a surgeon in knowing a location of the implant. Further, other exemplary devices and methods are provided.