Abstract: Subjects of the invention are: nucleic acid molecule, expression cassette, expression vector, eukaryotic host cell, induction method of RNA interference in eukaryotic host and use of nucleic acid molecule in therapy of diseases induced by expansion of trinucleotide CAG-type repeats. Solution relates to the new concept of treating hereditary human neurological diseases caused by expansion of CAG-type trinucleotide repeats using RNA interference technology.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of gene expression and/or activity, and/or modulate a gene expression pathway. Specifically, the invention relates to double-stranded nucleic acid molecules including small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules that are capable of mediating or that mediate RNA interference (RNAi) against target gene expression.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) targeting an APOC3 gene, and methods of using the dsRNA to inhibit expression of APOC3.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for the modulation of miR-214 for the treatment and/or prevention of fibrosis and fibroproliferative conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antisense oligonucleotides that modulate the expression of and/or function of Atonal homolog 1 (ATOH1), in particular, by targeting natural antisense polynucleotides of Atonal homolog 1 (ATOH1). The invention also relates to the identification of these antisense oligonucleotides and their use in treating diseases and disorders associated with the expression of ATOH1.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions and methods for the inhibition of miR-21 activity. The compositions have certain nucleoside modification patterns that yield potent inhibitors of miR-21 activity. The compositions may be used to inhibit miR-21, and also to treat diseases associated with abnormal expression of miR-21, such as fibrosis and cancer.

Abstract: Molecules are provided for inducing or facilitating exon skipping in forming spliced mRNA products from pre-mRNA molecules in cells. The molecules may be provided directly as oligonucleotides or expression products of vectors that are administered to a subject. High rates of skipping can be achieved. High rates of skipping reduce the severity of a disease like Duchene Muscular Dystrophy so that the disease is more like Becker Muscular Dystrophy. This is a severe reduction in symptom severity and mortality.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for the treatment of Alport Syndrome, using modified oligonucleotides targeted to miR-21. In certain embodiments, a modified oligonucleotide targeted to miR-21 improves kidney function and/or reduces fibrosis in subjects having Alport Syndrome. In certain embodiments, administration of a modified oligonucleotide targeted to miR-21 delays the onset of end-stage renal disease in a subject having Alport Syndrome. In certain embodiments, a modified oligonucleotide targeted to miR-21 delays the need for dialysis or kidney transplant in a subject having Alport Syndrome.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to cancer and particularly to breast cancer including estrogen sensitive, estrogen resistant and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and to methods of diagnosis and prognosis thereof and therapeutic intervention involving replication factor C 40 (RFC40). Methods and assays for evaluating breast cancer are provided. The disclosure also relates to inhibition or modulation of RFC40 in treatment or alleviation of cancer, including breast cancer. RFC40 inhibitors, including siRNAs, miRNAs, and shRNAs, which specifically affect cancer cells, particularly breast cancer cells, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides synthetic RNA aptamers that bind RDX. In various embodiments, the synthetic RNA aptamers may include one or more aptamers selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID 1-12. The synthetic RNA aptamers that bind RDX provide an inexpensive, in situ method for testing for RDX, which may be used for both soil and water samples.

Abstract: Provided herein are Factor V/Factor Va-targeting aptamer compositions and antidote compositions targeting such aptamer compositions. Methods for preventing blood clots using such compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to recombinant Trichoderma host cells producing Aspergillus fumigatus cellulolytic enzyme compositions and methods of producing and using the compositions.

Abstract: A genetic engineered bacteria without or comprising a plurality of important metabolic enzyme related genes is provided. When the by-product or waste of fruit and vegetable is used as the culture medium, a large quantity of succinic acid or lactic acid can be produced via fermentation. A method of producing succinic acid and lactic acid using the genetic engineered bacteria is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of heterologous polypeptides in a recombinant bacterial host cell, wherein the bacterial host cell is rendered unable to deactivate the promoter controlling the expression of the heterologous polypeptide in the absence of an inducer.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for engineering bacteria to produce fucosylated oligosaccharides, and the use thereof in the prevention or treatment of infection.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of plant molecular biology and provides methods for production of high expressing seed-specific and/or seed-preferential promoters and the production of plants with enhanced seed-specific and/or seed-preferential expression of nucleic acids wherein nucleic acid expression enhancing nucleic acids (NEENAs) are functionally linked to the promoters and/or introduced into plants.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a gene having a novel function that can cause an increase or decrease in seed protein content is searched for. A chimeric protein obtained by fusing a transcription factor consisting of a protein comprising an amino acid sequence shown in any of the even-numbered SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 76 and a functional peptide capable of converting an arbitrary transcription factor into a transcriptional repressor or a transcription factor consisting of a protein comprising an amino acid sequence shown in any of the even-numbered SEQ ID NOS: 77 to 84 is expressed in a plant.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the detection of genetic differences among soybeans. More particularly, the invention relates to soybean quantitative trait loci (QTL) for tolerance or sensitivity to HPPD-inhibitor herbicides, such as mesotrione and isoxazole herbicides, to soybean plants possessing these QTLs, which map to a novel chromosomal region, and to genetic markers that are indicative of phenotypes associated with tolerance, improved tolerance, susceptibility, or increased susceptibility. Methods and compositions for use of these markers in genotyping of soybean and selection are also disclosed, as are methods and compositions for use of these markers in selection and use of herbicides for weed control. Also disclosed are isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides relating to such tolerance or sensitivity and methods of introgressing such tolerance into a plant by breeding or transgenically or by a combination thereof. Plant cells, plants, and seeds produced are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of RNA-mediated gene silencing in insect species. The present invention is based, in part, on the inventors' sequencing of genes from eucalyptus invasive species gall wasp pests Leptocybe invasa (Li) and Ophelimus maskelli (Om). In certain aspects, the invention provides Li and Om nucleic acids, derivatives thereof and the use of such nucleic acids and derivatives as gall wasp control agents.

Abstract: The present invention concerns plants, seeds and cells of the genus Diplotaxis having cytoplasmic male sterility, and more particularly plants, seeds and cells of the species Diplotaxis tenuifolia. The cytoplasmic male sterility is preferably that imported from Raphanus sativus, known as Ogura sterility. The invention also concerns methods for obtaining Diplotaxis tenuifolia plants carrying cytoplasmic male sterility, as well as various uses for the cytoplasmic male sterility of the plants of the invention.

Abstract: A method of altering a eukaryotic cell is provided including transfecting the eukaryotic cell with a nucleic acid encoding RNA complementary to genomic DNA of the eukaryotic cell, transfecting the eukaryotic cell with a nucleic acid encoding an enzyme that interacts with the RNA and cleaves the genomic DNA in a site specific manner, wherein the cell expresses the RNA and the enzyme, the RNA binds to complementary genomic DNA and the enzyme cleaves the genomic DNA in a site specific manner.

Abstract: A polynucleotide expression system is provided that is capable of alternative splicing of RNA transcripts of a polynucleotide sequence to be expressed in an organism.

Abstract: The present specification discloses engineered Type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems comprising split-nexus Cas9-associated polynucleotides (sn-casPNs), including systems comprising three split-nexus Cas9-associated polynucleotides (sn1-casPN/sn2-casPN/sn3-casPN) and systems comprising two split-nexus Cas9-associated polynucleotides (sn1-casPN/sn2-casPN). Together with a Cas9 protein, the sn-casPNs facilitate site-specific modifications, including cleavage and mutagenesis, of a target polynucleotide in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the engineered Type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems comprising sn-casPNs are useful in methods of regulating expression of a target nucleic acid. Methods are described herein for the creation of a variety of engineered Type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems comprising two or more sn-casPNs. Polynucleotide sequences, expression cassettes, vectors, compositions, and kits for carrying out a variety of methods are also described.

Abstract: The present specification discloses engineered Type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems comprising split-nexus Cas9-associated polynucleotides (sn-casPNs), including systems comprising three split-nexus Cas9-associated polynucleotides (sn1-casPN/sn2-casPN/sn3-casPN) and systems comprising two split-nexus Cas9-associated polynucleotides (sn1-casPN/sn2-casPN). Together with a Cas9 protein, the sn-casPNs facilitate site-specific modifications, including cleavage and mutagenesis, of a target polynucleotide in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the engineered Type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems comprising sn-casPNs are useful in methods of regulating expression of a target nucleic acid. Methods are described herein for the creation of a variety of engineered Type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems comprising two or more sn-casPNs. Polynucleotide sequences, expression cassettes, vectors, compositions, and kits for carrying out a variety of methods are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are donor molecules comprising single-stranded complementary regions flanking one or more sequences of interest. The donor molecules and/or compositions comprising these molecules can be used in methods for targeted integration of an exogenous sequence into a specified region of interest in the genome of a cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered polynucleotide sequences that form scaffolds and nucleoprotein complexes comprising such engineered polynucleotide sequences that form scaffolds and nucleic acid binding proteins. Nucleic acid sequences encoding the engineered polynucleotide sequences that form scaffolds, as well as expression cassettes, vectors and cells comprising such polynucleotide sequences, are described. A variety of methods for making and using the engineered polynucleotide sequences that form scaffolds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for use with Type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems for increasing Cas9-mediated genome engineering efficiency are disclosed. The methods can be used to decrease the number of off-target nucleic acid double-stranded breaks and/or to enhance homology-directed repair of a cleaved target nucleic acid.

Abstract: A method for producing a dicarboxylic acid is provided. A dicarboxylic acid is produced by culturing a bacterium having a dicarboxylic acid-producing ability, which has been modified so that the expression of one or more of the yeeA gene, ynfM gene, yjjP gene, and yjjB gene is increased, in a medium, and collecting the dicarboxylic acid from the medium.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to bioengineering approaches for producing biofuel and, in particular, to the use of a C1 metabolizing microorganism reactor system for converting C1 substrates, such as methane or methanol, into biomass and subsequently into biofuels, bioplastics, or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in recombinant cells such as yeast or plant cells. Also provided are recombinant cells or plants which produce long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a group of new enzymes which possess desatorase or elongase activity that can be used in methods of synthesizing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: A method comprising a series of selective extraction techniques for the parallel production of biodiesel and isolation of several valuable co-products including an alkenone hydrocarbon mixture of the kerosene/jet fuel range (primarily C10-, C12-, and C17-hydrocarbons) and fucoxanthin, a high-valued carotenoid, from the marine alkenone-producing microalgae Isochrysis.

Abstract: A method for producing biodiesel is provided, which includes providing a recombinant Candida rugosa lipase; reacting the recombinant C. rugosa lipase and a non-edible oil; and isolating the biodiesel from the reacted solution.

Abstract: Engineered polypeptides useful in synthesizing acyl amino acids are provided. Also provided are methods of making acyl amino acids using engineered polypeptides.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to methods and materials for producing simvastatin and related compounds such as huvastatin.

Abstract: A process for the production of carbohydrate cleavage products, characterized by a combination of the measures that a lignocellulosic material is treated with an aqueous solution containing an alcohol, in particular a C1-4-alcohol or a phenol, and having a pH-value of between 11.0 and 14.0 in order to cleave lignocellulose and separate cleavage products from the material, whereby a material enriched with cellulose and hemicellulose is obtained, and the obtained material enriched with cellulose and hemicellulose is treated with at least one carbohydrate-cleaving enzyme in order to obtain the carbohydrate cleavage products.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, microbial, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as food products and amino acids.

Abstract: Cells that can synthesize oligonucleotides in vivo to produce a nucleic acid nanostructure are described. Methods for producing oligonucleotide nanostructures for use in regulating gene expression and altering biological pathways are provided. Methods of performing multiplex automated genome editing (MAGE) are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a procedure for the production of tiacumicin B comprising fermentation of a micro-organism capable of producing tiacumicin B, in particular of the species Dactylosporangium aurantiacum or Actinoplanes deccanensis, in a culture broth containing emulsifiers, such as ethoxylated castor oil, in combination with antifoaming products and vegetable oils.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of testosterone by means of enzymatic hydrolysis of testosterone esters.

Abstract: A process for producing an optically active 2-alkyl-1,1,3-trialkoxycarbonylpropane (2), comprising a step of asymmetric hydrolysis of 2-alkyl-1,1,3-trialokoxycarbonylpropane (1) by using an enzyme capable of selectively hydrolyzing an ester moiety of either one enantiomer of 2-alkyl-1,1,3-trialkoxycarbonylpropane (1), or by using a culture of a microorganism capable of producing the enzyme or a treated object thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and devices for providing accurate measurement of a property of a sample. The method comprises obtaining a plurality of independent measurements of the property. The plurality of values of the property of the sample obtained by the plurality of independent measurements is compared to determine whether one or more of the values is an outlier.

Abstract: Herein is provided a simple, reliable and accurate method for cellular analysis on hematology analyzers. In various aspects, the methods provide separation and/or differentiation between red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) by utilizing a fluorescent dye to selectively stain WBCs such that they emit stronger fluorescence signals. The method provides optimal detection limits on WBCs and RBCs, thereby allowing analysis of samples with sparse cellular concentrations. As few as one reagent may be used to prepare a single dilution for body fluid analysis, in order to simplify the body fluid analysis. Minimal damage to WBCs is attained using the lysis-free approach described in aspects of the disclosure.

Abstract: Provided is a method of measuring blood coagulation time, the method being capable of LA detection easily and with high sensitivity as compared with the method recommended by the ISTH, without being affected by deficiency of blood coagulation factors even in a blood sample of a warfarin taker, a person who suffers from vitamin K deficiency, or a hepatic failure patient. Disclosed is a method of measuring the blood coagulation time to detect lupus anticoagulant, the method including adding a buffer solution composition containing blood coagulation factors to a blood sample before measurement or at the time of measurement of the blood coagulation time, and measuring the blood coagulation time.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among other things, methods of quantitating mRNA capping efficiency, particularly for mRNA synthesized in vitro. In some embodiments, the methods comprise chromatographic methods of quantifying capping efficiency and methylation status of the caps.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for the preparation of RNA libraries for sequencing, gene expression profiling, microarray and other uses and for simplification of the library preparation process. The disclosure provides blocking oligonucleotides which bind to byproduct nucleic acid molecules formed during the ligation of adapters to nucleic acid segments prior to sequencing and inhibit or block amplification of the byproduct nucleic acid molecules in subsequent amplification reactions. Methods for library preparation using blocking oligonucleotides are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nanoscale antenna including a nucleic acid scaffold having a structure selected from the group consisting of a Holliday junction, a star, and a dendrimer; and a plurality of fluorophores attached to the scaffold and configured as a FRET cascade comprising at least three different types of fluorophores, arranged with (a) a plurality of initial donor fluorophores fixed in exterior positions on the structure, (b) a terminal acceptor fluorophore fixed in a central position on the structure, and (c) a plurality of intermediate fluorophores fixed in positions on the scaffold between the initial acceptor fluorophores and the terminal acceptor fluorophores.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the detection and quantification of nucleic acids are provided. In one embodiment, a sample is contacted with a primer complementary to a first region of a target nucleic acid and a probe complementary to a second region of the target nucleic acid downstream of the first region under conditions suitable for hybridization of the target nucleic acid with the primer and the probe. The probe in this embodiment comprises a fluorophore and is attached to a solid support. The hybridized probe is cleaved with a nucleic acid polymerase having exonuclease activity to release the reporter from the solid support. The presence of the target nucleic acid is then detected and optionally quantified by detecting a decrease in signal from the reporter on the solid support.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for diagnosing Avellino corneal dystrophy, and more particularly to a system for diagnosing Avellino corneal dystrophy, in which whether a sample is normal or Avellino corneal dystrophy is determined based on the ratio of the input first PCR amplification value and the second PCR amplification value. The system makes it possible to diagnosis Avellino corneal dystrophy in a simpler and accurate manner without being influenced by the doctor's skill. Particularly, the inventive system makes the overall process systematic, and thus provides accurate diagnosis. In addition, the system can also easily administer a number of test subjects.

Abstract: Digital assay system, including methods, apparatus, and compositions, for assay of one or more targets in a set of partitions containing a generic reporter of target amplification.

Abstract: Provided in the present invention is a washing-free template-ready PCR detection method for RNA. On the basis of retaining the advantages of the original template-ready PCR method, i.e., there being no need to purify and extract the RNA, no need for a reverse transcription reaction, etc., the method of the present invention designs a probe for the restriction enzymes to thereby integrate the enzyme digestion reaction, so as to eliminate the interference of various pollution sources of double-stranded DNA with no need for a washing step.