Abstract: An enrichment apparatus and process for enriching a hydrogen sulfide concentration in an acid gas stream to create a hydrogen sulfide rich stream for feed to a Claus. The enrichment apparatus comprises a hydrocarbon selective separation unit operable to separate the acid gas stream into a hydrocarbon rich stream and a purified acid gas stream, wherein the acid gas stream comprises hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons, a hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit operable to separate the purified acid gas stream to create the hydrogen sulfide rich stream and a hydrogen sulfide lean stream, the hydrogen sulfide rich stream having a concentration of hydrogen sulfide, and the Claus unit operable to recover sulfur from the carbon dioxide lean stream. The enrichment apparatus can include a carbon dioxide selective separation unit in fluid communication with the hydrogen sulfide selective separation unit, operable to separate the hydrogen sulfide rich stream.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the concurrent production of hydrogen and sulphur from a H2S-containing gas stream, with reduced, and preferably zero, emissions. The method comprises the catalytic oxidative cracking of H2S so as to form H2 and S2. Preferably, the oxidation is conducted using oxygen-enriched air, preferably pure oxygen. The process is conducted in a reaction chamber comprising a bifunctional catalyst material, so as to favor both the partial oxidation of H2S and the dissociation thereof.

Abstract: An electrically conductive film including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and having a layered crystal structure: MeCh2??Chemical Formula 1 wherein, Me is Ru, Os, Re, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, or Au, and Ch is sulfur, selenium, tellurium, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for etching graphene using a DNA sample of a predetermined DNA shape. The DNA sample is preferably placed onto a reaction area of a piece of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), and both the DNA sample and HOPG are then preferably placed into a humidity-controlled chamber. Humidity is preferably applied to the HOPG to produce a film of water across the surface of the DNA sample. Electrical voltage is also applied to the HOPG to create potential energy for the etching process. After the etching is completed, the reaction area is typically rinsed with deionized water.

Abstract: Provided is a selective sonication-assisted deposition method of inorganic particles and CHA zeolite membranes grown from seeded uniform layers on substrates using the method and plate-like Si-CHA zeolite particles used for seed layer formation and manufacturing method of the same, in which thin inorganic particles may be selectively deposited on a substrate or on a support, and even a physical interaction between the deposited particles and supports (or substrates) alone allows for obtaining high surface coverage to form a uniform layer, which is critical in reproducible production of membranes of inorganic materials, such as zeolite, by secondary growth.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a novel crystalline molecular sieve designated as SSZ-107, its synthesis using 1,1-diethylpyrrolidinium cations as a structure directing agent, and its use as an adsorbent and/or a catalyst.

Abstract: A process for co-production of ammonia, urea and methanol from natural gas, comprising the steps of (a) producing a synthesis gas by simultaneous feeding natural gas to an autothermal reformer (ATR) and to a steam methane reformer (SMR), the two reformers running in parallel, (b) feeding air to an air separation unit (ASU), where the air is split into oxygen, which is fed to the ATR, and nitrogen, (c) subjecting the synthesis gas from the SMR to a water gas shift, (d) removing the carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas from step (c) and leading it to urea synthesis in a urea synthesis unit, (e) combining the hydrogen-rich gas from step (d) with the nitrogen from step (b), removing catalyst poisons from the gases and leading the gas mixture to ammonia synthesis in an ammonia synthesis unit, (f) optionally removing part of the carbon dioxide from the syngas from the ATR in step (a) and leading it to urea synthesis in a urea synthesis unit and (g) leading the syngas from step (f) to the methanol synthesis unit, w

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a precipitated calcium carbonate product. The process comprises the steps of preparing slaking quick lime to obtain slaked lime; and subjecting the slaked lime, without agitation, without prior cooling in a heat exchanger, and in the absence of any additives, to carbonation with carbon dioxide gas to produce PCC. The newly prepared product develops better performance thanks to improved resistance during processing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for preparing ultrafine titanium carbonitride powder under a relatively low temperature condition that obviates a grinding process. This method includes the steps of: a mixing step for contacting titanium dioxide (TiO2), calcium (Ca) and carbon (C) under an inert atmosphere, a synthesis step for reacting the resultant mixture by heating at a temperature of about 600-1500° C. or lower under a nitrogen atmosphere; and a washing step for removing calcium oxide by washing this mixture.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing low effective density TiO2 includes providing a template having a surface. The template surface is coated with a titanium-containing compound that can be reduced to TiO2 at high temperature. The template is removed, thereby forming porous TiO2 particles. The effective density of the porous TiO2 particles is less than 4.

Abstract: Proposed is a process for separating a leach residue from which a hematite-containing material that can be used as a raw material for ironmaking can be obtained, and provided is a production process of hematite for ironmaking from the leach residue. The process for producing hematite for ironmaking using, as a raw material, the leach residue in a slurry state obtained from a hydrometallurgical plant for nickel oxide ore utilizing a high pressure acid leach process comprises in sequence: a first step of separating the leach residue in a slurry state into an overflow and an underflow using a wet cyclone; a second step of separating the overflow into a strong magnetic component and a weak magnetic component using a strong-magnetic-field magnetic separator utilizing magnetic force; and a third step of sintering the separated strong magnetic component at a temperature of 1150 to 1350° C. to form a sintered body.

Abstract: The present invention provides a positive electrode composition for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, wherein the composition includes a lithium-transition metal composite oxide represented by the following compositional formula: LiaNi1-x-yCoxM1yM2zMo?Nb?O2 wherein 1.00?a?1.50, 0.00?x?0.50, 0.00?y?0.50, 0.000?z?0.020, 0.002???0.020, 0.002???0.020, and 0.00?x+y?0.70, M1 represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn and Al, and M2 represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, Mg, Ta, and V, and a boron compound including at least boron and oxygen.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to desalination systems are described herein. According to some embodiments, the desalination systems are transiently operated and/or configured to facilitate transient operation. In some embodiments, a liquid stream comprising water and at least one dissolved salt is circulated through a fluidic circuit comprising a desalination system. In some embodiments, a portion of the desalination system (e.g., a humidifier) is configured to remove at least a portion of the water from the liquid stream to produce a concentrated brine stream enriched in the dissolved salt. In certain cases, the concentrated brine stream is recirculated through the fluidic circuit until the concentrated brine stream reaches a relatively high density (e.g., at least about 10 pounds per gallon) and/or a relatively high salinity (e.g., a total dissolved salt concentration of at least about 25 wt %).

Abstract: Herein are described compositions useful in the purification of hydrocarbon-contaminated liquids (e.g., oil-contaminated water), methods of their manufacture, and methods of their use. In one instance, the composition can include a porous agricultural substrate selected from the group consisting of walnut shell, pecan shell, apricot pit, peach pit, corn cob, and a mixture thereof; the porous agricultural substrate having an external surface and pores, wherein the external surface is hydrophilic; and an organo-amine carried within the pores of the porous agricultural substrate. These compositions are utilized as regenerable filter media in place of, for example, ground walnut media.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the decontamination of contaminated liquid, as well as a reactor for implementing a decontamination method. The method comprises a step of mixing the contaminated liquid under stirring with at least one persulphate ion with the exception of ammonium persulphate, and at least iron, an iron atom or an iron ion in its ferrous or ferric form at a concentration between 50 ?M and 600 ?M, preferably between 100 ?M and 400 ?M, a second step in which the mixture obtained is subjected for a sufficient time to at least one UV/visible irradiation having a narrow wavelength spectrum comprised between 153 nm and 560 nm.

Abstract: A method of removing at least one single ring aromatic hydrocarbon from a hydrocarbon contaminated fluid. The method includes contacting the hydrocarbon contaminated fluid with carbon nanotubes to adsorb the at least one single ring aromatic hydrocarbon while exposing the hydrocarbon contaminated fluid and the carbon nanotubes to UV irradiation from at least one UV light source, preferably a UV light emitting diode (LED), with a wavelength of about 315-415 nm, preferably about 365 nm, to form a treated fluid having a reduced concentration of the at least one single ring aromatic hydrocarbon relative to the hydrocarbon contaminated fluid.

Abstract: An oily water separator for removing oil from oil-containing water, including a vessel, a filtration membrane unit and a discharge mechanism, the filtration membrane unit containing a filtration membrane module and a returning mechanism, the filtration membrane module for performing filtration in the state of allowing the module to be immersed into the oil-containing water, the filtration membrane module having an elongated filtration membrane with an opening portion, the opening portion of the filtration membrane being fixed to one end of the filtration membrane module, the opening portion of the filtration membrane being communicatively connected to the returning mechanism, and the returning mechanism being extended along the filtration membrane toward an end on a side opposite to an end portion having the opening portion thereof, the returning mechanism being communicatively connected with the discharge mechanism.

Abstract: Systems and methods for electrochemical separation are provided. An electrochemical separation device may include at least one cell pair wound around an electrode to from a bundle having a racetrack configuration.

Abstract: A method and system for treatment of flow-back and produced water from a hydrocarbon well in which fracturing operations are carried out using a phase separation and creating of positive charge in the water.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aeration lateral system designated to be site specific for new septic disposal areas or retro fitting to existing septic disposal areas to break up the biological clogging slug mat at the interface of the wastewater and imported sand or native soil fill under or adjacent to disposal areas of a typical septic system. The lateral system provides uniform or other site specific distribution of fluids about the bio-mat of a wastewater disposal area, with lateral spacing and hole spacing varying based on the type of disposal area being utilized. The lateral system can also be utilized to provide continuous low volume air supply system to a wastewater disposal area or peat filter module. The air lateral installation includes methods to minimize airflow disturbance of the soil and methods to prevent air leakage.

Abstract: A mobile processing system is disclosed for the removal of radioactive contaminants from nuclear process waste water. The system is fully scalable, modular, and portable allowing the system to be fully customizable according the site-specific remediation requirements. It is designed to be both transported and operated from standard sized intermodal containers or custom designed enclosures for increased mobility between sites and on-site, further increasing the speed and ease with which the system may be deployed. Additionally, the system is completely modular wherein the various different modules perform different forms or stages of waste water remediation and may be connected in parallel and/or in series. Depending on the needs of the particular site, one or more different processes may be used. In some embodiments, one or more of the same modules may be used in the same operation.

Abstract: A device for the gravity-bending of a glass sheet, includes a longitudinal roughing mold including two longitudinal roughing supports, and a finishing frame including two lateral finishing supports and two longitudinal finishing supports, the supports forming shaping rails. The distance between middles of the longitudinal finishing supports is shorter than that between middles of the lateral finishing supports. The roughing mold and finishing frame are movable vertically relative to each other during bending to switch from a rough-bending to a final-bending configuration. In the rough-bending configuration, the shaping rails of the longitudinal roughing supports are higher up than those of the longitudinal finishing support. In the final-bending configuration, the shaping rails of the longitudinal finishing supports are higher up than those of the longitudinal roughing supports.

Abstract: A non-stoichiometric glass composition having greater than or equal to about 50 mol. % to less than or equal to about 95 mol. % GeX2; greater than or equal to about 0.5 mol. % to less than or equal to about 35 mol. % Ga2X3, In2X3, or a combination thereof; and greater than or equal to about 0.5 mol. % to less than or equal to about 40 mol. % RX. R can be an alkaline earth metal. X can be present in a non-stoichiometric amount and can be selected from Se, Te, S, and combinations thereof. A method for making a non-stoichiometric glass including forming a GaGeX precursor material, grinding the precursor material, loading the ground precursor material with an alkaline earth metal component, and forming an alkaline earth metal GaGeX glass.

Abstract: A method of forming a coating that includes depositing a multicomponent glass layer on a polymer substrate and depositing a heat absorbing layer on the multicomponent glass layer. Inducing spinodal decomposition of the multicomponent glass layer by annealing the heat absorbing layer, and etching at least one of a phase separated component of the multicomponent glass layer. The spinodal decomposition may be achieved through a pulse thermal or electromagnetic assisted annealing process. The coating may then be used as a hydrophilic surface, or may be fluorinated using conventional methods to produce the superhydrophobic coating.

Abstract: A single layered smart window may include a substrate; and a single layered coating formed on the substrate, wherein the coating includes a composite of a vanadium oxide and a low reflective material. The single layered smart window has high visible light transmittance and is capable of blocking infrared ray as a temperature is increased.

Abstract: A coated glass pane comprising at least the following layers in sequence: a glass substrate; a lower anti-reflection layer; a silver-based functional layer; and at least one further anti-reflection layer; wherein the further anti-reflection layer comprises at least the following layers in sequence: at least one barrier layer; at least one absorbing layer based on tungsten nitride; and at least one dielectric layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to O/W wax dispersions based on water, an emulsifier and a wax phase containing predominantly aliphatic hydrocarbons and polar compounds having chain lengths of at least 18 carbon atoms, and also plaster compositions comprising the O/W wax dispersion, and the use of the O/W wax dispersion.

Abstract: Modified molasses are used as dispersants for mineral suspensions, the modified molasses being obtained by means of a method comprising the steps: a) inversion of molasses and/or provision of inverted molasses; b) reaction of the inverted molasses with alkalis.

Abstract: A mullite-containing sintered body according to the present invention contains mullite and at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and sialon. It is preferable that the mullite-containing sintered body have a thermal expansion coefficient of less than 4.3 ppm/° C. at 40° C. to 400° C., an open porosity of 0.5% or less, and an average grain size of 1.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: A composition for applying to a honeycomb body includes a refractory filler, an organic binder, an inorganic binder, and a liquid vehicle, wherein the refractory filler, the particle size distribution of the refractory filler, the organic binder, and the inorganic binder are selected such that, when the composition is applied to plug a plurality of channels of the honeycomb body, the plug depth variability is reduced.

Abstract: A multi-functional material composition comprising a zirconia host and containing a luminescent lanthanide oxide additive, in particular dysprosia (Dy2O3), wherein the lanthanide oxide additive is effective both in stabilizing the zirconia and providing for luminescent temperature sensing, and a method of determining a remaining useful life-time for the luminescent material composition from the proportion of a monoclinic phase (m) in the material composition.

Abstract: A process for producing a ceramic material including providing an aqueous solution comprising at least one transition metal ion and one or more further transition metal ion and/or one or more additional ion; adding to the aqueous solution a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium hydroxide comprising at least one alkyl group containing about 8 or more carbon atoms to form a combined aqueous solution; mixing the combined aqueous solution to form a gel; transferring the formed gel to a furnace; and heating the formed gel to a temperature sufficient for a time sufficient to calcine the gel to form a solid ceramic material. The process in accordance with the present invention provides an improved ceramic material, in some embodiments of which is suitable for use in the cathode material of a lithium ion battery.

Abstract: A method of making a fiber tow coating is provided. The method includes providing a fiber tow selected from the group consisting of carbon and silicon; and applying an oxide-based fiber interface coating onto the fiber tow using directed vapor deposition or other like deposition method.

Abstract: A ceramic honeycomb filter comprising a ceramic honeycomb structure having pluralities of flow paths partitioned by porous cordierite cell walls, and plugs formed in predetermined flow paths of the ceramic honeycomb structure; the plugs being formed by ceramic particles and an amorphous oxide matrix existing between the ceramic particles; in a cross section of the plugs, an area ratio A1 of the amorphous oxide matrix in a longitudinal range of ?×t from one end, and an area ratio A2 of the amorphous oxide matrix in a longitudinal range of ?×t from the other end meeting the relation of ½?A1/A2?2, wherein t represents the length of the plug in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plug.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous aggregate, comprising Al2O3, SiO2 and optionally Fe2O3, having a d50 of equivalent pore diameter between 1 ?m or more and 50 ?m or below and a total porosity between 20% and 60%, for use in the formation of monolithic refractories. Also part of the invention is a method of formation for said aggregates, their use in the formation of monolithic refractories and monolithic refractories comprising such aggregates.

Abstract: A method of fertilizing a plant comprises applying to a plant an effective amount of a composition comprising a product of a salicylic acid, a potassium polyphosphite, a potassium phosphite, and a potassium phosphate. The composition may be prepared by reacting salicylic acid, ammonium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and/or potassium carbonate, phosphoric acid, and phosphorous acid.

Abstract: A process for preserving the initial fermentable potential of an organic substrate over time is presented. The method comprises a) determining the moisture content (HM) of the organic substrate, b) comparing the determined moisture content (HM) to a predefined moisture level (HD), c) storing only the organic substrate of which the moisture content (HM) determined in step a) corresponds to the predefined moisture content (HD), d) when a fermentable potential cannot be determined based on the moisture content (HM) alone during steps a) and c), taking measurements of the methanogenic potential of the biomass, e) comparing the measurements of the methanogenic potential of the biomass obtained during step c) to that of step a), and f) adapting the storage conditions to keep the moisture content (HM) of the organic substrate collected at a value that of the predefined moisture content (HD).

Abstract: A device is described for producing humus, in particular a composter, having a compost container (1) forming a jacket, which is closed on top using a cover (2), wherein the cover (2) forms a rainwater collecting basin (3), with which at least one drain (5) opening into the composter interior (4) is associated. To achieve advantageous climate conditions in the composter container, it is proposed that the drain (5) open into a collection container (6) associated with the jacket.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fertilizer composition comprising a cannabidiol (CBD Oil), and/or a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC Oil) and/or hemp oil derivatives in combination with a superabsorbent polymer(s) (SAP's). The present invention also relates to methods of using and manufacturing said fertilizers.

Abstract: A method of: reacting a dihydroxybenzene with bromine to form a bromodihydroxybenzene; reacting the bromodihydroxybenzene with trifluoromethanesulfonyl chloride or trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride to form a bromotrifluoromethanesulfonatobenzene; and reacting the bromotrifluoromethanesulfonatobenzene with phenylacetylene to form a phenylethynylbenzene.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods for converting gas condensate into a product stream comprising propylene comprise feeding gas condensate at a top region of a downflow high severity fluidized catalytic cracking reactor (HSFCC), where the gas condensate comprises: at least 50% by weight paraffins, and less than 0.1% by weight olefins. The method further comprises feeding catalyst to the top region of the downflow HSFCC reactor in an amount characterized by a catalyst to gas condensate weight ratio of about 5:1 to about 40:1, where the catalyst comprises nano-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst having an average particle diameter from 0.01 to 0.2 ?m, a Si/Al molar ratio from 20 to 40, and a surface area of at least 20 cm2/g. The method further comprises cracking the gas condensate in the presence of the catalyst at a reaction temperature of about 500° C. to about 700° C. to produce the product stream comprising propylene.

Abstract: Methods for scavenging carbon disulfide (“CS2”) from hydrocarbon streams using treatment compositions comprising at least one CS2 scavenger and at least one phase transfer catalyst therein. The CS2 scavenger may comprise at least one polyamine with the general formula: H2N—(R1—NH)x—R2—(NH—R3)y—NH2 wherein R1, R2, R3 may be the same or different H, aryl or C1-C4 alkyl; and x and y may be integers from 0 to 10. A hydrocarbon product with a reduced concentration of CS2 therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 1.2-dichloroethane from ethylene and chlorine via low temperature direct chlorination of ethylene in the presence of a catalyst under conditions in which the synthesized 1.2-dichloroethane is condensed out, however, the ethylene and the chlorine are gaseous, in a reactor (3), wherein the stoichiometric ratio of ethylene to chlorine is adjusted in the reactor (3) such that there is an excess of ethylene. The invention further relates to a device for synthesizing 1.2-dichloroethane from ethylene and chlorine via low temperature direct chlorination of ethylene in the presence of a catalyst under conditions in which the synthesized 1.2-dichloroethane is condensed out, however, the ethylene and the chlorine are gaseous, in a reactor (3), wherein the stoichiometric ratio of ethylene to chlorine is adjustable in the reactor (3) such that there is an excess of ethylene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of saturated fluorohydrocarbons. The subject matter thereof is more particularly the production of 1-chloro-2,2-difluoroethane from 1,1,2-trichloroethane and/or 1,2-dichloroethylene. A process for producing 1-chloro-2,2-difluoroethane from 1,1,2-trichloroethane and/or 1,2-dichloroethylene including (i) at least one step during which the 1,1,2-trichloroethane and/or the 1,2-dichloroethylene reacts or react with hydrofluoric acid in the gas phase, optionally in the presence of an oxidizing agent, in the presence or in the absence of a fluorination catalyst, to give a stream including 1-chloro-2,2-difluoroethane, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid and at least one C compound(s) chosen from 1-chloro-2-fluoroethylenes (cis and trans), 1,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethane and, optionally, unreacted 1,1,2-trichloroethane and/or 1,2-dichloroethylene.

Abstract: Methods for the manufacture of 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane from 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane and chlorine are disclosed. Improved methods are provided for the manufacture of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene from 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane. Methods are also disclosed for the manufacture of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene from 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane and chlorine and for the manufacture of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene from carbon tetrachloride, ethylene, and chlorine.

Abstract: Lanthanide fluorinated alkoxide derivatives can be synthesized from the alcoholysis reaction of the lanthanide bis-trimethylsilyl amide and an excess amount of hexafluoro iso-propanol. Nanoparticles can be formed from the lanthanide fluorinated alkoxide derivatives by a solvothermal or solution precipitation process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of chemical processes and, more particularly, it concerns valuable new chemical intermediates of formula (IV) for producing perfuming ingredients.

Abstract: Composition, methods of synthesizing trans-arachidin-3; and, methods of use as a dietary supplement, food additive, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and antioxidant. The methods of production entail organic syntheses using primary alkylamines or primary hydroxyalkyl amines, or carboxy amines (amino acids) with natural carboxylic acids (acetic acid) as catalysts to react isovaleraldehye with trans-resveratrol. The synthesis is carried out in organic solvent, which is composed of an azeotropic mixture comprising toluene with pyridine, n-butanol, n-propanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, or other alcohols that form an azeotrope with toluene. The final product is purified and analyzed for the amount of trans-arachidin-3, such as via HPLC, IR, column chromatography, and high-performance counter-current chromatography.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a method of producing dimethyl ether (DME) comprising introducing one or more feed streams comprising methane and carbon dioxide into a reformer to generate synthesis gas; and converting synthesis gas to DME in one step. In some cases, the reformer comprises a Ni catalyst. In some cases, the reformer is a pressurized fluidized bed dry reforming reactor. In some cases, the reformer comprises a hydrogen membrane. The hydrogen membrane removes hydrogen contained in the synthesis gas and shifts reforming reactions toward completion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ethers of 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexanes, to the preparation of such ethers and also to the use of such ethers as fragrances and as formulation auxiliaries in fragrance-comprising preparations.