Abstract: Parallel laser light beams are irradiated from different positions into a telescope. Beams of laser light are incident on a secondary minor attitude detection minor from different locations. Laser light detectors detect each beam of laser light reflected by the secondary minor attitude detection minor. A first attitude calculator determines an amount of attitude variation of a secondary minor based on a result detected by the laser light detectors. The laser light detectors detect each beam of the laser light reflected by the primary minor and the secondary minor after entering the telescope. A second attitude calculator determines an amount of attitude variation of the primary minor based on a result detected by the laser light detectors and the result detected by the laser light detectors.

Abstract: An inner surface shape measurement device for measuring a shape of an inner surface of a test target, and includes a light source, an optical system which converts light emitted by the light source into a disc-shaped light beam to cause the light beam to be emitted toward an inner surface of the test target, a photography unit which captures an image of a state in which the light beam is projected on the inner surface of the test target, and a wiring which supplies power for driving the light source. The optical system, the light source and the photography unit are disposed in this order along a same axis line, and the wiring extends from the light source toward the photography unit.

Abstract: A system (10) for analyzing an object (11) includes a light source (12) producing multiple light components, each of different wavelength and a respective amplitude, phase and polarization. An optical element (13) directs the light components on to the object to create known 2D patterns at different image planes displaced from the optical element by distances that are known functions of the wavelength of the light component. A 2D imager (20) images the 2D patterns and produces a plurality of full view 2D wavelength dependent patterns each corresponding to a known distance from the optical element and each having variable image contrast dependent on displacement of a surface of the object from the image plane, maximal image contrast being achieved when the surface of the object and image plane are coincident. A processing unit (25) determines the object surface based on the variable image contrast of each image.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device includes a semiconductor substrate, an array of optical emitters arranged on the substrate in a two-dimensional pattern, a projection lens and a diffractive optical element (DOE). The projection lens is mounted on the semiconductor substrate and is configured to collect and focus light emitted by the optical emitters so as to project optical beams containing a light pattern corresponding to the two-dimensional pattern of the optical emitters on the substrate. The DOE is mounted on the substrate and is configured to produce and project multiple overlapping replicas of the pattern.

Abstract: A shape measurement apparatus includes: a holder for holding a measuring object having a spherical measurement surface; a sensor configured to emit light onto the measurement surface to perform non-contact measurement of a distance between the sensor and the measurement surface and output a measured value; a rotation mechanism for rotating the sensor around a first axis; a sensor movement mechanism for moving the sensor along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis so as to be movable across an intersection of the second axis with the first axis; a holder movement mechanism for moving the holder along a vertical direction and on a plane orthogonal to vertical direction; and a control device configured to: calculate the shape of the measurement surface based on the measured value; calculate a spherical center of the measurement surface; and cause the holder movement mechanism to match the spherical center with the intersection.

Abstract: An X-ray inspection apparatus includes a 3D processing unit that performs 3D imaging of a first area in an inspection area, a 2D processing unit that performs 2D imaging of a second area in the inspection area, an extraction unit that extracts 3D information for a first inspection target from a 3D image of the first area, and 2D information for a second inspection target from a 2D image of the second area, a 3D information estimation unit that estimates 3D information for the second inspection target using the extracted 3D information for the first inspection target, and an inspection unit that inspects the second inspection target using the 2D information for the second inspection target and the estimated 3D information for the second inspection target.

Abstract: A headlamp aiming tool includes a linear member and four legs. The first and second legs are used to measure the distance between the headlamps of a vehicle and the height of the headlamps relative to the ground or floor. The tool may also be mounted on the vehicle via the first and second legs and a fastener connected with the third leg arranged between first and second legs. A laser device is connected with the fourth leg and aligned with a centerline of the vehicle to direct a laser beam against a screen in front of the vehicle to indicate the vehicle centerline on the screen. The headlamp light and spacing measurements are used to provide headlamp center points on the screen and to determine the horizontal and vertical offset of the low beam light which is used to adjust the aim of the headlamps.

Abstract: A surface roughness measurement device that in one embodiment includes main and auxiliary emitting fibers, multiple collecting fibers, an optical housing, main and auxiliary reflective mirrors, and an external circuit. The optical housing includes the fibers and defines an aperture for optically contacting a surface of an object. The main reflective mirror is arranged in the optical housing, for reflecting light emitted from the main emitting fiber to a detecting point of the aperture and reflected light by the object to the collecting fibers. The auxiliary reflective mirror is arranged in the optical housing, for reflecting light emitted from the auxiliary emitting fiber to the detecting point. The external circuit is for generating a laser beam to the main and auxiliary emitting fibers, collecting the reflected light from the collecting fibers, and calculating the surface roughness of the object based on the collected reflected light.

Abstract: A medium texture detection device includes: a radiation optical system that radiates non-coherent light to a sheet-shaped medium which is being transported; and a light reception optical system that receives diffused/reflected light of the non-coherent light from the medium. A surface of the medium has a basic structure for making a change in an intensity of the diffused/reflected light according to a position of the medium in a transport direction of the medium. A visual field of the light reception optical system is set to be equal to or greater than 1/10 times and equal to or less than 4 times of a size of the basic structure.

Abstract: A method of generating a path for processing a physical profile of a part with a tool is provided. The physical profile has a shape. The method comprises identifying a processing location on the physical profile of the part. The processing location is within an inspection region. The method also comprises identifying an inspection-region location based on the processing location. An inspection region is geometrically associated with the inspection-region location. The method additionally comprises identifying a processing location on the physical profile of the part. The processing location is within the inspection region. The method also comprises generating at least a portion of the path based on the processing location and the processing location.

Abstract: An abnormality estimation apparatus for estimating an abnormality in a belt of a belt conveyor includes a displacement part that is displaced in accordance with tension or a change of the tension of the belt when the displacement part is caused to abut against the belt to receive the tension of the belt, an elastic body that is elastically deformed in accordance with displacement of the displacement part, a heat flow sensor that detects a heat flow occurring due to elastic deformation of the elastic body, and an abnormality estimation part that estimates whether there is an abnormality in the belt based on a detection result by the heat flow sensor.

Abstract: A sensing device for obtaining geometric referenced multi-spectral image data of a RoI in relative movement with respect to the device, the sensing device having: a first and second 2D sensor element, the device obtaining subsequent multi-spectral images during the relative motion of the Rol thus providing distinct spectral information for parts of a Rol using the first element; and providing, using the second element, an image of the Rol for generating geometric referencing information to be coupled to the distinct spectral information; each element capturing a sequence of frames at a respective frame rate. The first frame rate is higher than the second frame rate. The device generates intermediate geometric referencing information to be coupled to frames of the first sequence of frames for which no synchronous frame from the second sequence of frames is available, derived from temporally similar frames from the second sequence of frames.

Abstract: Reflector arrangement for position determination and/or marking of target points, in particular for industrial or geodetic surveying, having a retroreflector for position determination for the reflector arrangement using parallel, in particular coaxial, beam reflection, and a sensor arrangement. According to the invention, the sensor arrangement has a lens and a sensor which is sensitive with respect to at least one wavelength range, with a reception direction that is orthogonal to the detection surface thereof, wherein the lens and the sensor are rigidly connected such that it is possible using the sensor to determine a location, which is incidence-angle-dependent with respect to the reception direction, of an illumination cross section defined by the lens on the detection surface.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a building profile including a pair of support legs, a cross member for removably fastening to the pair of support legs and from which a line can extend; a marker stand for engaging with the line, wherein the marker stand includes a point position marker for marking a position on the ground, a support for supporting the point position marker and an upright indicator for indicating whether the point position marker is in an upright position.

Abstract: A building surveying device comprising a base, an upper part supported on the base such that it can rotate about a rotation axis, a sighting unit with a laser source designed for emitting a laser beam, and a laser light detector and an evaluation and control unit. The building surveying device has a plumb point finding functionality which, after being triggered, runs automatically, at least in part, and in the course of which the alignment of the sighting unit is changed under automatic control by the evaluation and control unit with the aid of the first and/or the second rotary drive and as a function of a known, defined first spatial point in such a way that precisely one such second spatial point lying on an object surface is approached and marked by the laser beam, which lies on a vertical plumb line containing the first spatial point.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for enhancing a navigation solution of a device within a platform (such as for example person, vehicle or vessel), wherein the mobility of the device may be constrained or unconstrained within the platform, and wherein the device can be tilted to any orientation including vertical or near vertical orientations, while still providing a seamless navigation solution. This method can enhance navigation solutions utilizing measurements from sensors (such as, for example, accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, etc.), whether in the presence or in the absence of absolute navigational information (such as, for example, GNSS or WiFi positioning).

Abstract: The various technologies presented herein relate to determining a location of an individual, or an object, when a GPS may be unavailable/occluded. Readings from a plurality of sensors on a mobile device can be generating a plurality of data (e.g., speed, motion, temperature, biometric, etc.) which can be combined to generate a probability of a user of the mobile device being at a particular location, or not. Sensor readings can be weighted to enable sensors having a large effect on a degree of confidence of the probability of the user being determined to be at a location being given priority (e.g., battery priority) versus those sensors which have lesser effect on the degree of confidence. With the user determined to be at a location, information, a notification, an instruction, etc., can be presented to the user, via the mobile device.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a system and method for receiving a plurality of signals generated by a plurality of sensors adapted to detect physical movement of a mobile device with respect to a plurality of coordinate axes. A time at which at least one of the received signals is digitized is delayed to provide an output of digitized versions of the received plurality of signals synchronized with respect to a common point in time.

Abstract: An aerial vehicle is navigated using vision-aided navigation that classifies regions of acquired still image frames as featureless or feature-rich, and thereby avoids expending time and computational resources attempting to extract and match false features from the featureless regions. The classification may be performed by computing a texture metric as by testing widths of peaks of the autocorrelation function of a region against a threshold, which may be an adaptive threshold, or by using a model that has been trained using a machine learning method applied to a training dataset comprising training images of featureless regions and feature-rich regions. Such machine learning method can use a support vector machine. The resultant matched feature observations can be data-fused with other sensor data to correct a navigation solution based on GPS and/or IMU data.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for combining sensor data to measure vehicle movement. Embodiments may collect vehicle and driving data using sensors of a mobile device of a user, such as a location determination sensor and a movement determination sensor. In some embodiments, the data from the sensors may be combined to more accurately estimate vehicle movement, such as vehicle acceleration.

Abstract: A navigation method comprises receiving data modeling an environment, finding an optimal path to a goal in the environment, and reporting the optimal path to a navigation system. An autonomous vehicle comprises a path-finding system configured to receive data modeling an environment to be traversed and to find an optimal path to a goal. The vehicle further comprises a navigation system configured to receive the optimal path and to formulate drive data for driving the vehicle along the optimal path. The vehicle further comprises a drive system configured to receive the drive data and to drive the vehicle along the optimal path. A navigation device comprises a path-finding system configured to receive data modeling an environment and to find an optimal path to a goal. The navigation device further comprises a display configured to receive the optimal path and to represent the optimal path in a human-readable format.

Abstract: A commodity layout database (101) retains commodity arrangement information in which a plurality of kinds of commodity identification information for identifying a plurality of commodities arranged indoors and indoor arrangement positions of the plurality of commodities are associated with each other. A photographing unit (201) photographs the periphery of an indoor. A commodity specifying unit (103) analyzes a photographed image and specifies commodity identification information included in the photographed image. A guidance information creating unit (104) specifies an indoor arrangement position of a registered commodity registered in advance by the user on the basis of the specified commodity identification information, the commodity arrangement information, and registered commodity identification information for identifying the registered commodity, and creates guidance information for guiding the user to the specified arrangement position of the registered commodity.

Abstract: A method of following a transfer orbit or a phase of orbital placement of a continuous-thrust space vehicle comprises the following steps: a) tracking at least one GNSS signal and using it to determine at least one pseudorange between the space vehicle and one or more GNSS satellites transmitting the signal; b) using an estimation model to jointly estimate a set of state parameters of the space vehicle comprising a plurality of position parameters, a plurality of velocity parameters and at least one thrust error parameter characterizing a discrepancy between an actual thrust force of the space vehicle and a nominal thrust force by taking the pseudorange or pseudoranges as input datum of the estimation model. An apparatus for the implementation of such a method is also provided.

Abstract: An approach is provided for determining trajectory paths of a road network. A location platform determines at least one first waypoint and at least one second waypoint of at least one road structure. The at least one first waypoint represents at least one entry point to the at least one road structure, and wherein the at least one second waypoint represents at least one exit point from the at least one road structure. The location platform causes, at least in part, a designation of at least one location trace spanning the at least one first waypoint and the at least one second waypoint as at least one baseline path. The location platform then causes, at least in part, a classification of one or more other location traces with respect to the at least one baseline path.

Abstract: An interactive dynamic cloud navigation system includes: a server, including a database, wherein the database stores a map, a management account and a plurality of accounts; a plurality of navigation terminal and a plurality of users; and a map operator which logs in the management account on the server to manage the database. The navigation terminal includes a data collection module, a data storage module, a data transmission module, and an input and output module, wherein: the data collection module is for collecting data; the data transmission module is for transmitting the data between the navigation terminal and the server; and the input and output module is for receiving an input of the user and outputting the data stored in the navigation terminal to the user. The server records a geographic position of each user and a time, and stores the geographic position and the time into the database.

Abstract: Personalizing travel route planning based on past actual user travel behavior and reasons that the user deviated from planned routings. The route planning algorithm is revised based on analysis of user input related to a deviation from a planned routing. If a new trip in the planning stage entails considerations similar to those that caused the user's deviation on a previous trip, then the revised route planning algorithm can take these considerations into account when planning the route for the new trip. Changes in route planning may apply when the user: (i) plans to make a trip similar to a previous trip when the deviation occurred; (ii) plans to make a different trip, but the trip entails considerations that lead to the deviation on the prior trip; (iii) is using the same vehicle as for the previous trip with the deviation; and/or (iv) is using a different vehicle.

Abstract: A computer system configured to use train telematics data to reduce risk of accidents via a mobile device traveling within a vehicle may be provided. The mobile device may be configured to (1) receive train telematics data associated with a train that includes GPS location, speed, route, heading, acceleration, and/or track data; (2) determine when, or a time period of when, the train will pass through, be passing through, or be within a predetermined distance of a railroad crossing based upon the train telematics data; (3) determine an alternate route for the vehicle to take to avoid waiting at the railroad crossing; and (4) cause display of the alternate route on a display of the mobile device or a vehicle navigation system to allow the train to pass and to avoid train-vehicle collisions. Insurance discounts may be generated based upon the risk mitigation or prevention functionality.

Abstract: A method for routing a vehicle includes determining, based on aggregated drive data from a plurality of sources, route costs for a plurality of potential driving routes for a vehicle based on reliability of an automated driving feature or driver assistance feature. The method includes selecting a route of the one or more potential driving routes based on the route costs. The method includes providing information about the route to a driver, automated driving system, or driver assistance system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a vehicle controller which includes an identification unit that identifies an operation state of a traffic signal existing on a route up to a destination; a setting unit that sets an automated drive mode section on the route based on the operation state of the traffic signal identified by the identification unit, the automated drive mode section being a section where an automated drive mode of controlling acceleration, deceleration, or steering is permitted during travelling of a vehicle; and a travel control unit that controls the travelling of the vehicle in the automated drive mode in the automated drive mode section set by the setting unit.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for selectively learning and displaying information for a coasting guidance system. The system includes an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to determine a stop event location where a coasting guidance instruction is displayed. The system includes a memory configured to store one or more stop event locations. The system includes a display configured to display the stored one or more stop event locations on a map. The display is configured to receive an indication of a coasting guidance area on the map. The display is configured to identify a portion of the stored one or more stop event locations within the coasting guidance area. The display is configured to selectively display the portion of the one or more stop event locations on the map such that a stop event location outside of the coasting guidance area is absent from the map.

Abstract: Driving assistance systems, methods, and programs for a vehicle, acquire a travel history of a vehicle, acquire a guidance target point at which a guidance target event has occurred based on the travel history, and acquire a tendency of a driving operation of a driver of the vehicle based on the travel history. The systems, methods, and programs determine whether to provide guidance on the guidance target point based on the tendency of the driving operation, and provide guidance relating to the guidance target point for which it is determined to provide the guidance.

Abstract: A vehicle and a method of controlling the vehicle are provided. The vehicle includes an image capture unit that is configured to acquire image information by imaging a forward view of the vehicle and an imaging device controller that is configured to determine whether a traffic sign that indicates speed limit information of a road is recognized abnormally based on the acquired image information. A navigation controller is configured to display either speed limit information stored in an imaging device database or speed limit information of the road stored in a map database in response to determining that the traffic sign is recognized abnormally.

Abstract: The present disclosure is applicable to the field of information technologies, and provides a route information displaying method and apparatus. The method includes: creating a three-dimensional coordinate system, and loading an electronic map in the XY plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system; acquiring, by using a satellite positioning system, a real-time location of a mobile terminal and a real-time speed, of the mobile terminal, corresponding to the real-time location; and drawing both a moving route and a speed curve of the mobile terminal in the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the acquired real-time location and real-time speed, where the real-time location of the mobile terminal is represented in the XY plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the real-time speed of the mobile terminal is represented on the Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system.

Abstract: An application processes user input with respect to a geographic map to generate annotations associated with locations on that geographic map. Such annotations can include user entered characters and graphics, including curves and lines. The application distinguishes between user inputs that are annotations and user inputs that indicate a request for a route between two locations. In response to user input with respect to a geographic map, the application determines whether the user input is a request for a route. When performing such comparisons, the application uses locations and road segments that are presented at a zoom level corresponding the zoom level applied at the time the user input for the annotation was received. After determining that a user input corresponds to a request for a route, the application generates data describing a route. The application can present a plurality of candidate routes to the user for selection.

Abstract: Techniques of displaying a map view (200) for navigation of a vehicle are described. The map view includes graphical representation of predictive traffic information (220-1, 220-2, 220-3) respectively at an estimated time of passing of a corresponding road segment (210).

Abstract: A set of instructions implements an application programming interface (API) for providing navigation data from a portable device to a head unit of a vehicle. When invoked by a companion application executing on the portable device, the API is configured to obtain navigation data for navigating a user between a source and a destination, where the portable device receives the navigation data from a navigation server via a long-range communication link. The API is further configured to provide the navigation data to the companion application for transmission to the head unit via a short-range communication link.

Abstract: A device to be connected to first electrical power wiring and for displaying electrical power usage information of at least one first electrical load connected to the first electrical power wiring, the device including terminals to electrically connect to the first electrical power wiring of a building, a controller to receive information representing at least a current to the at least one first electrical load, determine first electrical power usage information of the at least one first electrical load using the received information, a user interface to display the determined first electrical power usage information of the at least one first electrical load, and a communications interface to transmit the determined first electrical power usage information to at least one second electrical device for display, and receive determined second electrical power usage information of at least one second electrical load from the at least one second electrical device for display.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic sensor attached to a mobile device detects a magnetic field generated from a magnet attached to an object. A magnetic sensor data processing module generates magnetic sensor data based on the magnetic field, where the magnetic sensor data represents a current position of the magnet of the object. An action processing module processes the magnetic sensor data to determine a movement of the object with respect to the mobile device, while the mobile device remains in a relatively steady location and identifies a predetermined action based on the movement of the object. The predetermined action is then performed within the mobile device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electromagnetic induction sensor that is used with a position indicator and includes coils for electromagnetic coupling with the position indicator. The electromagnetic induction sensor includes: a sensor board main body that includes an insulating substrate and a surface sheet attached to a side of a first surface of the insulating substrate, on which side a position is indicated by the position indicator; at least part of conductors forming the coils being formed on a second surface of the insulating substrate opposite from the first surface; and an overlay member that includes a magnetic powder material layer and is adhered to the side of the second surface of the sensor board main body.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention include an absolute capacitive rotary encoder comprising a first disk, which is rotatable relative a second disk, and a first sensor ring and a second sensor ring. The first and the second sensor ring each have a multiplicity of first coupling electrodes and second coupling electrodes capacitively coupling to one another. The first coupling electrodes of a respective sensor ring have different coupling signal phases. The first sensor ring and the second sensor ring are matched to one another in such a way that an angle is determinable absolutely.

Abstract: Described herein is an improved displacement transducer, a closed loop control system incorporating the same, and an improved method of manufacturing of manufacturing a displacement transducer. The improved transducer has several advantages, including improved manufacturability; improved fluid flow within the sensor and reduced cavitation as a result; and the enablement of closed loop control for assisted manual or fully automatic displacement.

Abstract: An electrical process control sensor assembly 10 for sensing a process or machine parameter, the assembly 10 including a sensor body 12 and a head 14, the body 12 defining a body interior 20. The assembly includes a sensing device 22 at least partially located in the body interior 20. The head 14 defines a head interior 24 which communicates with the body interior 20. The assembly 10 includes a connector arrangement 26 located in the head interior 24. The assembly 10 includes internal communicating members 28 extending between the sensing device 22 and the connector arrangement 26, the connector arrangement 26 connecting, in an installed condition, the internal communicating members 28 to external communicating members 30 to permit electrical communication therebetween. The head 14 defines a port 34 through which the external connecting members 30 are located in the installed condition.

Abstract: A pointer is rotational relative to a dial plate. The pointer includes a body, a needle and a counterweight. The needle extends radially outward from the body. The counterweight is a separate component from the body and is affixed to the body. The counterweight is located on an opposite side of the body from the needle.

Abstract: An integrated sensor device including a first die, housing a sensor element to detect a quantity external to the sensor device and transduce the external quantity into an electrical sensing signal; a second die mechanically coupled to the first die so that the first and second dies are stacked on one another along one and the same axis; and at least one heater of a resistive type integrated in the first die and/or in the second die, having a first conduction terminal and a second conduction terminal configured to couple respective first and second conduction terminals of a signal generator for causing an electric current to flow, in use, between the first and second conduction terminals of the heater and generate heat by the Joule effect. It is possible to carry out calibration in temperature of the sensor element.

Abstract: A fluid flow meter includes a flow meter body with a central flow passage and flow restriction opening defined therein. Fluid pressure is measured at the flow restriction opening and compared to fluid pressure measured at an upstream point. An annular flow region is defined within the flow meter body radially between the flow restriction opening and a pressure detection port.

Abstract: An airflow sensor for a heat sink has a substantially flat base portion and a deformable upper portion electrically coupled to the base portion that contacts a conductive strip. As airflow increases, the deformable upper portion deforms and moves away from the source of airflow, which moves the point of contact between the deformable upper portion and the conductive strip farther away from the source of the airflow. The difference in the point of contact is measured, and is used to characterize the airflow sensor for different airflows. Data from the airflow sensor can then be logged during system operation. When needed, the data from the airflow sensor can be read from the log and converted to airflow using the airflow sensor characterization data. In this manner the airflow through a heat sink may be dynamically measured, allowing analysis and correlation between system events and airflow through the heat sink.

Abstract: A device for metering granular or powered product having a meter housing, an auger housing positioned within the meter housing, the auger housing having an inlet opening for receiving the granular or powdered product, a rotatable spiral brush mounted within the auger housing, a first discharge outlet near one end of the auger housing for discharging granular or powdered product, and another opening near another end of the auger housing for discharging granular or powdered product not discharged through the first discharge opening. A method for metering granular or powdered product is also provided.

Abstract: An immersion detector having a thermoresistive detector with at least two temperature probes. The immersion device has a capacitive detector having a capacitor, a cap surrounding said temperature probes and the capacitor, said cap having orifices putting said temperature probes and the capacitor into fluid flow communication with an external medium (EXT) surrounding said immersion detector.

Abstract: A waveguide arrangement may include a tank defining a chamber for holding a liquid; and a pulsed waveguide (PWG) disposed at least partially within the chamber, the PWG comprising: an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder being grounded. The waveguide may also include an electrically conductive coil wrapped around the inner cylinder, wherein the pulsed waveguide is arranged to generate a first delay between a first initial pulse and a first reflected pulse when an upper surface of the liquid is at a first level, and to generate a second delay between a second initial pulse and a second reflected pulse when the upper surface of the liquid is a second level.

Abstract: A weight-measuring system for measuring a weight amount of one or more items loaded into a bed of a vehicle is provided. The weight amount can be used to determine whether a weight limit has been exceeded and whether some additional action should be taken. In addition, one type of weight-measuring system is operable under varied conditions, such as rapid weight fluctuations, and is capable of measuring a weight amount when the bed is in various positions (e.g., transporting mode or ground-level, loading mode).