Abstract: Disclosed is a method for demonstrating the capability of strengthening scalp and/or preventing dandruff of a personal care product or component thereof, the method comprising selecting a first portion of a solid porous article of non-animal origin, treating the first portion of the article with the personal care product or the component thereof, subjecting the treated first portion to a drying step and mechanically treating the dried first portion.

Abstract: An irradiation optical system 12 irradiates a fluid flowing in a flow passage 2a with one light among a plurality of lights obtained by branching light from a light source 1 and forms the detection area. A detection optical system 13 makes scattered light with a different direction from an optical axis of the irradiation optical system enter a beam splitter 17 among the scattered lights from particles contained in the fluid in this detection area. Meanwhile, a beam expander 16 makes another light among the plurality of lights enter the beam splitter 17 as reference light. A detector 4 receives an interference light, by the scattered light and the reference light, obtained by the beam splitter 17 by light receiving elements and generates a detection signal corresponding to the interference light. A counting unit 6 counts the particles based on this detection signal.

Abstract: Particle detection systems are disclosed. The particle detection system may include a conduit configured to receive particles removed from a component, and at least one sensor positioned adjacent the conduit. The at least one sensor may be configured to detect a particle characteristic for the particles in the conduit removed from the component. The particle detection system may also include a particle analysis system in communication with the at least one sensor. The particle analysis system may be configured to analyze the particle characteristic for the particles in the conduit to determine if the component is substantially free of particles.

Abstract: There is provided a method of measuring a sedimentation parameter of suspensions or precipitants in a fluid medium sample, said method compromising providing at least one micro-cantilever sensor, said micro-cantilever sensor comprising at least two materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion, and having a heater and piezo-resistive sensor integrated therein, pulsing the heater with one or more electrical pulses to induce heat generation in the micro-cantilever, sampling the output of the integrated piezo-resistive sensor to characterize a response of the micro-cantilever during sedimentation in the fluid medium sample, and determining a value of the sedimentation parameter from the characterized response. There is also provided an apparatus arranged to carry out the method.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and devices to measure particle suspension concentrations in the presence of potential interferents. Particle back-scatter readings are taken at light wavelengths that are absorbed by the medium before interacting with surrounding objects. Source-detector spacings are minimized compared to the mean absorbance path length of light, thereby maximizing the range of sensitivity to particle concentration. Discrimination against potentially interfering particles, such as bubbles, is provided by mapping the signal distribution against the central signal value and/or by the use of statistical measures with reduced dependence on outliers. The methods and devices allow accurate particle concentration readings over a wide range of concentration in environments crowded with potentially interfering objects and in the presence of variable concentrations and sizes of potentially interfering particles.

Abstract: A method and a device for calculating a pressure loss of an air cleaner, wherein the air cleaner is disposed upstream of a compressor of a supercharger in an engine provided with a plurality of state quantity sensors, includes the step of calculating an outlet pressure of the compressor by using output values of the state quantity sensors, the step of calculating an inlet pressure of the compressor by using the outlet pressure and a characteristic map of the compressor, wherein the characteristic map shows a relationship between a ratio of the outlet pressure to the inlet pressure and a flow rate of gas flowing in an intake pipe of the engine, and the step of calculating the pressure loss of the air cleaner from the inlet pressure.

Abstract: Systems and methods batch calibrate environmental sensors. Candidate environmental sensors and a high-performance reference sensor are located in an enclosure with a particle excitation system that controls the particle concentration in the enclosure. The calibration process includes multiple phases with different particle concentrations, and the candidate and reference sensors continuously report their particle counts to a calibration server during these phases. Based on the collected data, the calibration server: (i) identifies for removal candidate sensors with outlying behavior through statistical analysis; and (ii) computes calibration values for the particle count estimation algorithms for the remaining candidate sensors that are optimized to minimize the error relative to the reference sensor(s).

Abstract: Disclosure relates to a method and a device for determining the distribution and orientation of platelet-shaped pigment particles over an extended region of an optical effect layer (OEL). The method includes a) taking at least one image, under illumination of said extended region of the optical effect layer with collimated light incident from at least one first direction, of reflected light of said extended region of the optical effect layer from at least one second direction, using a telecentric lens-and-camera assembly having the optical axis of the telecentric lens oriented along said second direction, and b) processing the at least one image of said extended region to extract quantitative particle distribution and orientation information.

Abstract: The device and method relate to microfluidic particle analysis. The device is designed for trapping particles for solution analysis. Exemplary particles include beads and cells. The device has a microfluidics body, and a microfluidics channel formed in the body for receiving particles at an upstream region thereof. The channel has a deformable wall portion that defines a particle-capture region, and is responsive to a change in fluid pressure applied thereto, to selectively vary the particle-flow dimensions of the capture region. In this way, particles having a given size may be selectively retained in the capture region. In one embodiment, the deformable wall portion is expandable in response to a positive fluid pressure applied within the channel. In another embodiment, the deformable wall portion is expandable in response to a negative pressure applied to a cavity communicating with the wall portion, external to the channel.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a pipe through which a multiphase fluid flows, with a transparent window structure formed in the pipe. A collimated light source emits light through the transparent window structure into the pipe having a wavelength at which a component of a desired phase of the multiphase fluid is absorptive. A photodetector is positioned such that the emitted light passes through the multiphase fluid in the pipe to impinge upon the photodetector. The photodetector has an actual dynamic range for collimated light detection. Processing circuitry is configured to continuously adjust a power of the collimated light source dependent upon an output level of the photodetector so as to cause measurement of the emitted light over an effective dynamic range greater than the actual dynamic range, and determine a property of the multiphase fluid as a function of the power of the collimated light source.

Abstract: The instant disclosure provides a gas detection device including a chamber module, a light emitting module and an optical sensing module. The chamber module includes a condensing chamber, a receiving chamber and a sampling chamber. The condensing chamber has a first reflecting structure, a second reflecting structure and a third reflecting structure. The first reflecting structure is disposed between the second reflecting structure and the third reflecting structure. The light emitting module is disposed on the condensing chamber and includes a light emitting unit corresponding to the condensing chamber. The optical sensing module includes an optical sensing unit disposed in the receiving chamber.

Abstract: A method of determining a property of a heterogeneous medium in motion comprising at least two phases is provided. A light beam is made small in relation to a part of the medium for which a property is to be determined and the bandwidth of the measurement signal is sufficiently high for distinguishing time periods for the measurement signal which are related to the part of the medium for which a property is to be determined. By using the measurement signal for determining the property of the part of the medium for which a property is to be determined for time periods for the measurement signal which are related to that part of the medium, and determining the property by a mathematical calculation using the measurement signal corresponding to that part of the medium, the properties of individual parts of the medium can be determined.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (10) comprising a support (14) having a wave guide (42) allowing the propagation of light of at least one wavelength, generating evanescent waves outwards. According to the invention, the device comprises means for receiving a liquid sample, designed to receive the liquid sample upon contact of the wave guide (42) in such a way as to impregnate the wave guide with a portion of the liquid sample, and actuatable means for breaking the contact between the liquid sample and the wave guide (42).

Abstract: Accordingly, an improved system and method is provided with which an automatic analysis of the fuser oil is performed to prevent accidental oil and toner mismatches by the insertion of a photovoltaic sensor and associated logic inline along the tube that delivers the fuser oil to the fuser.

Abstract: Provided is an explosion-proofed photoelectric smoke detector capable of preventing the surrounding gas from taking fire generated by an explosion inside it and of eliminating filling spaces around a light-emitting device and a light-receiving device with resin, thereby checking explosions due to deterioration of the resin, which enables the detector to be used, with the devices exposed to gases in explosion-proof zones. The light emitting/receiving devices are arranged outside of an explosion-proof enclosure having a circuit compartment. They respectively have hollow cylinders A and B, light emitting/receiving elements, and light-guiding members A and B for transmitting emitted light and guiding received light, wherein a gap between the tube wall of each hollow cylinder and each light-guiding member and a length of each member between an opening formed in each cylinder and a light exiting/entering end thereof enable the devices to prevent fire generated inside the detector from leaking out thereof.

Abstract: The discrimination ability of a chemical sensing cross-reactive arrays is enhanced by constructing sensing elements in two dimensions, first in the x-y plane of the substrate, second in the z dimension so that the sensors are vertically stacked on top of one another. Stacking sensing elements on top of one another adds to the discrimination ability by enabling the characteristic measurement of how fast target chemicals are passing through the stack of sensors. The new invention also allows the ability to discriminate components in a sample mixture by separating them using their innate difference in diffusional rates. Multi-sensor response patterns at each z level of sensors and time delay information from the sample passing from one level to the next are used to generate the response vector. The response vector is used to identify individual component samples and components in a mixture sample.

Abstract: A characteristic of a liquid is measured by providing a surface having a monolayer of a voltage sensitive chromophore that is covalently bound to the surface. The liquid is brought into contact with the surface and it is irradiated with actinic radiation to measure a first fluorescence emission spectrum. A solution of the voltage sensitive chromophore dissolved in a sample of the liquid is also irradiated with actinic radiation and a second fluorescence emission spectrum is measured. The first and second fluorescence emission spectra are compared to determine the characteristic of the liquid.

Abstract: A super-resolution observation device includes an illumination optical system that focus a first illuminating light at optical frequency ?1 and a second illuminating light at optical frequency ?2 on a region of an observation object plane; a modulation unit that modulates a property of the first illuminating light heading toward the region at a modulation frequency fm; and an extraction unit that extracts a component at the optical frequency ?1 or ?2 from a light generated in the region according to the first illuminating light and the second illuminating light, the component of which the property changes at a frequency higher than the modulation frequency fm.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting an analyte includes a waveguide configured to receive a narrow-band laser signal; and a sorbent material covering an analyte detection region of the waveguide, wherein the sorbent material is configured to sorb the analyte and bring the analyte to an evanescent field of the waveguide, and wherein Raman scattering is produced by an interaction of the evanescent field and the analyte sorbed in the sorbent material along the analyte detection region of the waveguide, and the waveguide is further configured to collect the Raman scattering along the analyte detection region of the waveguide, wherein the collected Raman scattering indicates a type of the analyte.

Abstract: Disclosed is an integral label-free biosensor capable of analyzing a biomolecule with high sensitivity by integrating a light source, a photodetector, an optical waveguide, and a microcantilever on a substrate, and a method of detecting a bio-antigen by using the same. The integral label-free biosensor according to the present invention may be manufactured with low cost, be easily integrated with a silicon electron device, and detect a biomolecule with high sensitivity by using a label-free method.

Abstract: The pH sensing biofilms include anthocyanin and a cellulose nanostructure or a cellulose nanocomposite. The cellulose nanostructure can include cellulose nanofibrils. The cellulose nanocomposite can include a composite of cellulose nanofibrils and pectin or a composite of cellulose nanofibrils and alginate. The presence of the anthocyanin in the biofilm allows the biofilm to change color in response to pH changes, thereby allowing the biofilm to be used as an active visual indicator of decay.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to the automatic measuring of such qualities of a printed sheet as reflectance excluding specular reflectance, reflectance including specular reflectance, e.g. gloss, transmittance, half-tone coverage, and the like.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for spectroscopic determination of one or more optical properties of a gemstone. An imaging device may include one or more light sources configured to illuminate one or more portions of the gemstone, and one or more photo detectors configured to detect reflected light from the portions of the gemstone in response to the illumination. An analysis module may be communicatively coupled to the imaging device, and configured to analyze the reflected light to determine the optical properties of the portions of the gemstone. The optical properties may include at least one of a clarity, color, fluorescence, birefringence, dichroism, and brilliance of the portions of the gemstone. In some examples, an optical fingerprint of the gemstone may be created based on one or more determined optical characteristics of the portions of the gemstone, where the optical fingerprint may uniquely identify the gemstone.

Abstract: An inspection system that may include an illumination module that may be configured to scan a sample during multiple scan iterations; wherein during each scan iteration the illumination module scans each beam of a plurality of spaced apart beams along a scan line; a mechanical stage that may be configured to move the sample during the multiple scan iterations; a detection module; and a processor; wherein when the inspection system operates in an interlaced mode, the mechanical stage may be configured to move at a first speed thereby preventing a substantial overlap between scan lines obtained during the multiple scan iterations; wherein when the inspection system operates in a non-interlaced mode: the mechanical stage may be configured to move at a second speed that differs from the first speed thereby introducing an overlap between scan lines of different beams that may be obtained during different scan iterations; the detection module may be configured to generate detection signals in response to a detectio

Abstract: An example method of inspecting a part includes applying a penetrant dye to the part, the penetrant dye exhibiting a fluorescent color when subjected to light from a lighting device. A portion of the part is illuminated with light from the lighting device. An image of the portion of the part is automatically recorded with a camera while the portion is illuminated. An uncertainty metric for the image is automatically determined that is indicative of a likelihood that pixels in the image having the fluorescent color represent damage to the part. At least one of the part, lighting device, and camera are automatically adjusted based on the uncertainty metric being within a predefined range. The automatic recording, determining, and adjusting steps are iteratively repeated until the uncertainty metric is greater than the predefined range, or a predefined number of iterations have been performed for the portion of the part.

Abstract: A visual inspection method for a light-emitting device includes: providing a light-emitting device having a substrate and a light-emitting portion, the substrate having a substrate upper surface and a substrate bottom surface, the light-emitting portion being provided on the substrate upper surface and having a light-emitting upper surface, a light-emitting lower surface, and a lateral surface which is provided between the light-emitting lower surface and the light-emitting upper surface and which is surrounded by a light shielding member; placing the light-emitting device on an inspection surface so that the substrate bottom surface is opposite to the inspection surface; supplying power to the light-emitting device so that the light-emitting portion emits light from the light-emitting upper surface; and capturing brightness on the inspection surface surrounding an entire outer periphery of the light-emitting device viewed in the height direction while the light-emitting portion emits light.

Abstract: A method for evaluating a semiconductor wafer includes detecting semiconductor wafer LPDs as an examination sample in two measurement modes, performing size classification of the LPDs, calculating a distance between detection coordinates and a relative angle in the two measurement modes, presetting determination criteria to determine each LPD as a foreign matter or killer defect in accordance with each classified size, detecting semiconductor wafer LPDs as an evaluation target in the two measurement modes, performing size classification of the LPDs as the evaluation target, calculating a distance between detection coordinates and a relative angle of the evaluation target, and classifying the LPDs detected on a surface of the evaluation target into the killer defect and the foreign mater based on a result of the calculation and the determination criteria. The method enables classifying all LPDs from which quantitative size information cannot be provided, into the killer defect and foreign matter.

Abstract: Disclosed are an X-ray transmission inspection apparatus and an inspection method using the same that are capable of preventing over-detection and erroneous detection of foreign matter even when variations in vertical position of the sample occur. The X-ray transmission inspection apparatus includes: an X-ray source (2) irradiating a sample with X-rays; a sample moving device (3) moving the sample S continuously to a predetermined direction while X-rays X are emitted from the X-ray source; a time delay integration sensor (TDI sensor) (4) provided opposed to the X-ray source based on the sample, and detecting the X-rays transmitted through the sample; a distance sensor (5) measuring a distance between the X-ray source and the sample; and a TDI controller (6) controlling the TDI sensor by changing a charge transfer speed of the TDI sensor (4) in real time based on variations in the distance measured by the distance sensor.

Abstract: A structure for discharging an extreme ultraviolet mask (EUV mask) is provided to discharge the EUV mask during the inspection by an electron beam inspection tool. The structure for discharging an EUV mask includes at least one grounding pin to contact conductive areas on the EUV mask, wherein the EUV mask may have further conductive layer on sidewalls or/and bottom. The inspection quality of the EUV mask is enhanced by using the electron beam inspection system because the accumulated charging on the EUU mask is grounded.

Abstract: A method is provided of measuring the mass thickness of a target sample for use in electron microscopy. Reference data are obtained which is representative of the X-rays (28) generated within a reference sample (12) when a particle beam (7) is caused to impinge upon a region (14) of the reference sample (12). The region (14) is of a predetermined thickness of less than 300 nm and has a predetermined composition. The particle beam (7) is caused to impinge upon a region (18) of the target sample (16). The resulting X-rays (29) generated within the target sample (16) are monitored (27) so as to produce monitored data. Output data are then calculated based upon the monitored data and the reference data, the output data including the mass thickness of the region (18) of the target sample (16).

Abstract: A container test system includes a test chamber in which a container may be located for testing, for instance, for assessing insulative properties of a container. In the test chamber, the outside of the container is thermally treated, temperature of the air outside the container is measured, and temperature of a liquid inside the container is measured. A related testing method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A compact, pressure conserving, steam quality and flow rate measurement system is described. Embodiments of the system can include a steam quality measuring device having a converging/diverging nozzle and a conditioning orifice plate. The steam quality measuring device can be adapted to measure flow conditions of a two-phase steam to determine steam quality. The converging/diverging nozzle can be implemented to reduce pressure loss and control flow rate. The conditioning orifice plate can be implemented to reduce flow conditioning pipe lengths and eliminate secondary flow conditioning elements. By placing the two flow elements in series, data from the flow elements can allow for a simultaneous solution of flow equations yielding a measurement for steam quality.

Abstract: A method of analyzing minerals received within a mining shovel bucket includes collecting data associated with ore received in the bucket, where the bucket includes at least one active sensor, where the ore includes one or more mineral, and where the ore is within a field of the active sensor. The method further includes determining a content of the minerals using the data, transmitting information relating to the content of the minerals to a decision support system, and sorting or processing the ore based on an output of the decision support system. Collecting data associated with the ores may include generating source signals, applying the source signals to the active sensor, collecting a response from the active sensor, and comparing the response with a reference or threshold. Other features are disclosed.

Abstract: An ionic conductance measuring instrument comprising a voltage/current test device and a test electrode, in which the test electrode comprises a bulk substrate with four linearly arranged through holes, four Pt wires inserted in the through holes respectively with their upper ends exposed outside of the bulk and their downside ends hidden inside of the bulk; the four axis of the Pt wire is in the same plane and parallel with each other; the gap distance between the mentioned Pt wire and the bulk substrate is 0.1-2 mm, and is filled with ionic conductive polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a system based on a multi-gate field effect transistor for sensing molecules in a gas or liquid sample. The said FET transistor comprises dual gate lateral electrodes (and optionally a back gate electrode) located on the two sides of an active region, and a sensing surface on top of the said active region. Applying voltages to the lateral gate electrodes, creates a conductive channel in the active region, wherein the width and the lateral position of the said channel can be controlled. Enhanced sensing sensitivity is achieved by measuring the channels conductivity at a plurality of positions in the lateral direction. The use of an array of the said FTE for electronic nose is also disclosed.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electrical circuit element, defined as “optoelectronic pixel”, comprises at least one silicon nanowire decorated with optoelectronically active particles and open for contact with a medium for sensing; a metal electrode open for contact with said medium and used for feeding a high-frequency sinusoidal stimulation in impedance measurements and for sensing properties of said medium; implanted source and drain electrodes connected to said silicon nanowire and leaving the gate area and parts of said electrode open for contact with said medium; electrical metal contacts for connecting said pixel to an electrical circuit; and a reference electrode open for contact with said medium for creating a three-electrode-cell system and providing a constant gate potential in the circuit. In addition, some embodiments provide an optoelectronic sensor and wearable-patch sensor based on the array of the optoelectronic pixels, and the readout methods for these sensors.

Abstract: Systems and methods of fast power up for electrochemical sensors are provided. A system can include an electrochemical sensor, and a potentiostat circuit, wherein, upon startup, the potentiostat circuit drives the electrochemical sensor to the electrochemical sensor's normal operating condition at a rate that is not limited by voltage and/or current supply. A method can include a potentiostat circuit driving an electrochemical sensor to the electrochemical sensor's normal operating condition at a rate that is not limited by voltage and/or current supply.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a real time identification method of working/functional fluid products including a specified tagging material and an apparatus which is first capturing and then identifying the tagging material using a concentrator and an optical detector, simultaneously transferring the reading to a smart unit and finally releasing the tagging material.

Abstract: Various embodiments illustrating a multiplexed method for high throughput screening of ions in biological samples within a single capillary when using capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (CE-MS) are illustrated. The method includes sequential injection of multiple sample segments in series within a single capillary, the sample segments being separated by a spacer plug of buffer, and multiplexed analysis of the sample segments simultaneously within a single capillary electrophoresis (CE) run. The method also includes application of voltage to the single capillary subsequent to sequential injection and zonal separation of polar metabolites within each sample segment by CE such that each analyte zone migrates within its characteristic electrophoretic mobility offset in time by the spacer.

Abstract: Systems and methods for multi-layer ultrasonic imaging are provided. One embodiment is an apparatus that includes linear ultrasonic transducers that are each configured to conduct electricity across their length. The apparatus includes a first planar layer that comprises a first set of the transducers arranged in parallel. The apparatus also includes a second planar layer that comprises a second set of the transducers arranged in parallel, and that is oriented such that each transducer of the second set overlaps at least two transducers of the first set. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a third planar layer that comprises a third set of the transducers arranged in parallel, and that is oriented such that each transducer of the third set overlaps at least two transducers of the first set and at least two transducers of the second set.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a damage diagnostic system that uses a damage detection system that obtains propagation intensity distribution data, which is expanded in the two dimensions frequency and propagation time, by converting the output value from an oscillation detection sensor that was obtained when oscillation is performed by an oscillator, and for one mode or two or more modes that are selected from the fundamental mode and higher mode of Lamb waves, obtains certain characteristic values from the data, for example three indices, which are the slope of the mode dispersion of the A1 mode (rate of change of the propagation time with respect to the frequency), the amount of decrease in the propagation time of the A1 mode, and the amount of increase in the propagation time of the S0 and S1 modes, and outputs the measurement results. The measurement results are displayed on a display device.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a fluidic system of a liquid chromatography system is characterized by: (a) drawing a fluid into a syringe pump; (b) configuring a valve so as to fluidically couple the pump to either a fluidic pathway through the fluidic system or to a plug that prevents fluid flow; (c) causing the syringe pump to progressively compress the fluid therein or expel the fluid to the fluidic pathway, while measuring a pressure of the fluid; (d) determining a profile of the variation of the measured pressure; (e) comparing the determined profile to an expected profile that depends upon the fluid; and (f) providing a notification of a sub-optimal operating condition or malfunction if the determined profile varies from the expected profile by greater than a predetermined tolerance.

Abstract: Methods and kits for detection of alkylating agents are described. The present invention discloses methods and kits comprising sensors for the rapid detection of chemical agents (e.g., alkylating agents) at low concentrations. The methods are useful for the detection of alkylating agents such as field fumigants such as methyl bromide or methyl iodide. The detection can advantageously be performed by a change in light absorbance of the sensor moiety using the naked eye.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a monoazo-based dye for acid detection, which changes color upon addition of or exposure to acid and, more specifically, to a dye which changes color within a few seconds upon exposure to a trace amount of a strong acidic material, and a fiber product using the same. The monoazo-based dye for acid detection according to the present invention has an effect of reacting with a trace amount of strong acid to change color, and returning to the original color when the acid is removed. Also, a fiber dyed with the dye of the present invention exhibits high color fastness and thus is not discolored and faded by laundering or sunlight.

Abstract: An air quality sensor assembly including a controller, a switching device in communication with the controller, a power receptacle in communication with the switching device, and at least one air quality sensor in communication with the controller, wherein the at least one air quality sensor is configured to measure an air quality value. A method of operating an air purifying system within an interior space of a structure, the method comprising the steps of: operating the controller to create an air purifying condition, determining whether the air purifying condition is present, operating the switching device in a first state if the air purifying condition is present.

Abstract: A method for fitting a protection tube to a gas sensor includes: a step for engaging tube-end opening jigs which have been inserted into the inside of a protection tube through its one end portion, with this end portion, for maintaining this end portion at an opened state, a step for bringing tube-end holding jigs into contact with this engagement portion from outside for holding the tube through pinching between these jigs, and a step for inserting the sensor into the inside of the tube being held through pinching, wherein the insertion of the sensor into the inside of the tube is continued even after an end portion of the sensor comes into contact with the inner surface of the tube, while the engagement of the tube with the tube-end opening jigs is gradually released, thereby fitting the tube to the sensor.

Abstract: A reaction carrier (14), a measuring device (12) and a measuring method measure a concentration of gaseous/aerosol components of a gas mixture. The reaction carrier (14) has a flow channel (42) defining a reaction chamber (46) with an optically detectable reaction material (48) reacts with at least one component of the gas mixture or with a reaction product of the component. A humidity measuring element (84), of the reaction carrier (14), detects a humidity of the gas mixture flowing through the flow channel (42). The measuring device (12) has a humidity detection unit (85) that reads the humidity measuring element (84). A humidity determining unit (94) determines a humidity based on the detected humidity. The measuring method determines a humidity of the supplied gas mixture in the flow channel (42) and determines a concentration of the component on the basis of the optically detectable reaction and the measured humidity.

Abstract: There are provided methods and devices for sensing hydrogen gas. For example, there is provided a method that includes drawing a sample into a channel. The method includes passing the sample over a collection plate to remove an extraneous gas in the sample, thus yielding a purified sample. The method further includes passing the purified sample on a sensing plate and measuring a concentration of hydrogen in the purified sample using the sensing plate. The measuring can include heating the sensing plate and correlating a change in resistance of the sensing plate with a specified concentration of hydrogen. Furthermore, the method can include regenerating the collection plate following the measuring.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system for nearfield gunshot and explosion detection comprising a hardware device with a differential air pressure sensor, a pressure amplifier that amplifies pressure signals generated by the differential air pressure sensor, a microphone, a microphone amplifier that amplifies audio signals generated by the microphone, and a pulse counter that calculates a total event length. The system includes a digital processor that processes the amplified signals from the differential air pressure sensor and the microphone and a data radio that generates alerts based on input from the differential air pressure sensor and the microphone. The system determines whether a gunshot event or an explosive event has occurred based on a pressure length sensitivity setting, a microphone length sensitivity setting, and a correlation sensitivity setting.

Abstract: A method for determining geochemistry of at least one geological sample with laser-induced breakdown spectral measurements performed on the geological sample in a time variant manner with spectral acquisitions made after each of a plurality of measurement shots, spectral pre-processing performed as necessary, and subsequent analysis is applied to the collected data to determine at least one geochemistry parameter of the sample. The method can provide a rapid method to estimate thermal maturity of a sample, which does not require sample preparation, and which can be non-destructive with respect to portions of the sample. A system for performing the method also is provided.