Abstract: A turbocharger for an internal combustion engine includes a center housing and a bore defined by the center housing. The bore has a primary annular groove and a secondary annular groove configured to receive a fluid. A journal bearing is disposed within the bore proximate to a proximate end of the shaft such that the journal bearing, together with the rotating shaft, feeds fluid to the primary and secondary annular grooves. The shaft is further coupled to a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel. The shaft has a longitudinal axis and is supported by the journal bearing for rotation within the bore about the axis. The primary and secondary annular grooves are each in fluid communication with a drain gallery.

Abstract: An intake/outlet pipe optimization method for a rotary engine, comprising the steps of: (A) providing a rotary engine; (B) providing a simulation software package, to perform a series of simulations for the rotary engine according to different combinations of a pipe length, a pipe diameter, a pipe shape and a pipe angle, to determine an optimal combination of the pipe length, the pipe diameter, the pipe shape, and pipe angle, to obtain an optimal power output for the rotary engine; and (C) performing tests for the rotary engine, by utilizing the optimal combination of the pipe length, the pipe diameter, the pipe shape, and pipe angle obtained in step (B), to obtain a test optimized power output for the rotary engine.

Abstract: A homogeneous charge compression ignition free-piston linear generator is disclosed. The linear generator includes a housing having cylinders at opposite ends. A double-ended piston assembly is to move linearly in the housing to convert kinetic energy of the piston assembly into electrical energy, and to enable conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy of the piston assembly. Sensors measure one or more states of the cylinders and/or piston assembly, and a controller controls the linear generator based on the sensor data.

Abstract: A gear drive mechanism is provided with a gear drive pin provided at the second gear, a first movable member and second movable member configured to be able to move to the gear drive pin side, a first guide groove formed at the first movable member and engaged with the gear drive pin when making the eccentric member rotate toward a low compression ratio position, and a second guide groove formed at the second movable member and engaging with the gear drive pin when making the eccentric member rotate toward the high compression ratio position and wherein the mechanism makes the gear drive pin moving relative to a counterweight move along the first guide groove and the second guide groove so as to make the second gear rotate.

Abstract: According to known methods, biomass is broken down under the action of water vapour via a carbon monoxide-hydrogen mixture (called synthesis gas) as an intermediate stage into hydrogen and carbon dioxide instead of being combusted directly to generate energy. Carbon dioxide is stored/sequestered and the hydrogen is used to generate energy. The transfer of bio-activity can also be effected within the same process by breaking down a mixture of biomass and fossil fuel (e.g. wood and coal) into carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The hydrogen is then reacted with half of the formed carbon dioxide to form methane and the remaining carbon dioxide is stored. The stored carbon dioxide and generated methane respectively comprise one half each of biological and fossil carbon. If the bio-activity of the stored biocarbon dioxide is transferred to the fossil carbon in methane, a corresponding mixture of wood and coal produces 100% biomethane. Here, too, up to 100% biomethane can be obtained from coal-wood mixtures.

Abstract: A system for providing auxiliary power in an aircraft. A propulsion core comprises a compressor, a combustor, a turbine, and a shaft. An accessory unit comprises an accessory combustor, an accessory turbine, and an accessory shaft. A tank is configured to hold high pressure air and operably connected to the accessory unit. An electric generator comprises an electrical output and a mechanical input, with the mechanical input operably connected to the accessory shaft and the electrical output operably connected to an electric motor operably connected to the shaft. The electrical output is operably connected to an auxiliary power consuming device in the aircraft.

Abstract: A device for temporary storage of gas and heat includes a plurality of compressors for compressing a gas, a plurality of compression stages connected in series, each compression stage including one of the plurality of compressors and a gas flow path connected downstream of the one of the plurality of compressors, at least one pressure vessel connected downstream of a last compression stage of the plurality of compression stages in the series for storing the gas compressed by the plurality of compressors, and a heat accumulator arrangement including a plurality of heat accumulators connected in a heat accumulator sequence for storing the heat generated by the compression of the gas, the gas flow path of each compression stage passing through the heat accumulators in succession in the heat accumulator sequence.

Abstract: A compressed air energy storage system is described, including a compressor fluidly coupled to a compressed air reservoir and an expansion train including at least a first turbine. The system further includes an electric machine aggregate configured: for converting electric power into mechanical power and driving the compressor therewith during the energy storing mode; and for converting mechanical power produced by the expansion train into electric power during the power production mode. A combustor is configured for receiving fuel and compressed air and producing combustion gas, and for supplying the combustion gas to the first turbine.

Abstract: An outlet tube arrangement for an aircraft nacelle may comprise a vent tube defining a vent tube outlet, the vent tube outlet configured to be flush with an outer surface of the aircraft nacelle, and an inner tube disposed within the vent tube, the inner tube configured to increase momentum of fluid flowing through the inner tube to urge the fluid to separate from the inner tube without wetting the aircraft nacelle upon exiting from the vent tube, wherein the inner tube comprises an inner tube inlet comprising an inlet cross-sectional area and an inner tube outlet comprising an outlet cross-sectional area, the inlet cross-sectional area being less than a cross-sectional area of the vent tube at the inner tube inlet, the inlet cross-sectional area being greater than the outlet cross-sectional area, and the inner tube outlet being flush with the vent tube outlet.

Abstract: An aircraft engine includes a rotating structure and a casing circumferentially surrounding the rotating structure. The aircraft engine further includes an acoustic panel for noise reduction circumferentially surrounding the rotating structure. The acoustic panel is disposed proximal the casing. Furthermore, the acoustic panel includes a plurality of acoustic panel members. In addition, the acoustic panel is secured to the casing by at least one securement mechanism such that the acoustic panel is substantially circumferentially fixed relative to the casing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flutter damper, including an acoustic liner having a perforated radial inner face sheet and a radial outer back sheet, the acoustic liner being configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range that is greater than a frequency range associated with fan flutter, a chamber secured to the radial outer back sheet, the chamber being in fluid communication with the acoustic liner, and the chamber being configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range that is associated with one or more fan flutter modes, and at least one stiffening structure connected to a top surface of the chamber that tunes the top surface out of the frequency range associated with one or more fan flutter modes.

Abstract: A flutter damper is disclosed, which includes a chamber configured to fluidly communicate with a gas flow, the chamber being filled with an open celled foam bulk damper, and wherein the chamber is configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range that is associated with one or more fan flutter modes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flutter damper, including an acoustic liner configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range that is greater than a frequency range associated with fan flutter, a chamber, and a piezoelectric element disposed within a first surface of the chamber, and the chamber being configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range that is associated with one or more fan flutter modes, and wherein the piezoelectric element is operatively connected to an electronic engine control.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas turbine engine including a fan, a nacelle including a flutter damper forward of the fan, the flutter damper including an acoustic liner having a perforated radial inner face sheet and a radial outer back sheet, the acoustic liner configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range that is greater than a frequency range associated with fan flutter, a chamber secured to the radial outer back sheet, the chamber in fluid communication with the acoustic liner, and the chamber configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range associated with fan flutter modes, and the engine includes (i) the nacelle and a core cowl forming a convergent-divergent fan exit nozzle; (ii) a variable area fan nozzle capable of being in an opened and closed, the opened position having a larger fan exit area than the closed position; and/or (iii) the fan being shrouded.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flutter damper including a first plurality of chambers configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range that is associated with a first fan flutter mode, the first plurality of chambers in fluid communication with a flow surface, and a second plurality of chambers configured for peak acoustical energy absorption at a frequency range that is associated with a second fan flutter mode, the second plurality of chambers in fluid communication with the flow surface, and wherein the first plurality of chambers and second plurality of chambers are disposed in a grid pattern.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a gas turbine engine defining a radial direction, a circumferential direction, an axial centerline along a longitudinal direction. The gas turbine engine defines an upstream end and a downstream end along the longitudinal direction and includes a turbine frame defined around the axial centerline. The turbine frame includes a first bearing surface, a second bearing surface, and a third bearing surface. The first bearing surface corresponds to a first turbine rotor, the second bearing surface corresponds to a second turbine rotor, and the third bearing surface corresponds to a third turbine rotor, and each turbine rotor is independently rotatable.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a main compressor. A tap is fluidly connected downstream of the main compressor. A heat exchanger is fluidly connected downstream of the tap. An auxiliary compressor unit is fluidly connected downstream of the heat exchanger. The auxiliary compressor unit is configured to compress air cooled by the heat exchanger with an overall auxiliary compressor unit pressure ratio between 1.1 and 6.0. An intercooling system for a gas turbine engine is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a plurality of rotating components housed within a compressor section and a turbine section. A tap connects to the compressor section. A heat exchanger connects downstream of the tap. A cooling compressor connects downstream of the heat exchanger, and the cooling compressor connects to deliver air to at least one of the rotating components. A core housing has an outer peripheral surface and a fan housing defines an inner peripheral surface. At least one bifurcation duct extends between the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface. The heat exchanger is disposed within the at least one bifurcation duct.

Abstract: A method for delivering fuel to a combustor of a gas turbine engine includes: injecting fuel into a conduit of a fuel manifold; directing the fuel through a continuous first portion of the conduit; directing the fluid from the first portion into an inflexion of the conduit being a single exit of the first portion; directing the fuel from the inflexion into a second portion of the conduit in serial flow communication with the first portion; and carrying the fuel in the second portion in a direction different from that of the fuel in the first portion. As the fuel flows through the second portion of the conduit, the fuel exits from the second portion of the conduit into a plurality of fuel injection nozzles in exclusive fluid flow communication with the second portion for ejection into a combustor of the gas turbine engine.

Abstract: A gas-circulation system for conditioning a disk of an aircraft may comprise a first takeoff port configured to extract a combusted gas and a second takeoff port configured to extract an uncombusted gas. A first valve may comprise an inlet in fluid communication with the first and second takeoff ports and an outlet of the first valve in fluid communication with the disk.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more processor-executable instructions wherein the one or more instructions when executed by a processor of a controller, cause acts to be performed is provided. The acts to be performed include controlling a fuel split to a combustor of a gas turbine utilizing automatic tuning and switching control of the fuel split to the combustor of the gas turbine to utilizing an adjusted fixed fuel split schedule instead of automatic tuning. The adjusted fixed fuel split schedule includes a fixed fuel split schedule adjusted via a biasing value, and the biasing value is based on both the fixed fuel split schedule and an automatic tuning based fuel split.

Abstract: A spool and sleeve assembly for a metering valve comprises a spool body defining a center axis, and a sleeve body having a bore that receives the spool body. The sleeve body includes at least one metering window open to the bore and is moveable between a metering position to control flow through the metering window and a shutoff position where flow is prevented from exiting an outlet end of the bore. A seal assembly reacts between the spool body and the sleeve body to provide at least a first sealing interface and a second sealing interface axially spaced from the first sealing interface when the spool body is in the shutoff position. A metering valve for a fuel system is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for closed loop control of a gas turbine. An example apparatus includes a frequency band splitter to separate a combustion pulsation signal into a plurality of frequency bands. The example apparatus includes a plurality of subcontrollers, each subcontroller corresponding to one of the frequency bands. Each subcontroller is to be activated at an amplitude threshold associated with the normal operating set point of the frequency band and to generate a correction value while the corresponding frequency band is operating beyond the amplitude threshold. The example apparatus includes a net correction output calculator to aggregate the correction values to generate an aggregated correction value.

Abstract: A propulsion control system for a vehicle includes a driver pedal, a driver pedal position sensor that outputs a driver pedal position signal that indicates a position of the driver pedal, a memory that stores a first pedal map, and a processor that generates a torque request based upon the driver pedal position signal and the first pedal map. The first pedal map correlates a value of the driver pedal position signal to the torque request for a propulsion system in the vehicle and a first portion of the first pedal map near a traction limit has a first slope that defines the rate of change of the torque request to be less than the rate of change of the pedal position.

Abstract: A vehicle monitoring system for turning off an idling engine comprises a vehicle speed sensor configured to detect a lack of motion, or “stationary status” of a vehicle and emit a parameter correlated to the motion status of the vehicle, a transmission status detector configured to detect a transmission status of the vehicle, an alerting device capable of warning other drivers of a stationary status of the vehicle and a control device. The control device is coupled to the vehicle speed sensor, the transmission status detector and the alerting device, wherein the vehicle speed sensor and the transmission status detector send a signal to the control device and the control device operates in a manner dependent on the motion status of the vehicle and the transmission status of the vehicle.

Abstract: An engine device (21) including: an intake manifold (67) configured to supply air into a cylinder (77), an exhaust manifold (44) configured to output exhaust gas from the cylinder; a gas injector (98) which mixes a gaseous fuel with the air supplied from the intake manifold; and a main fuel injection valve (79) configured to inject a liquid fuel into the cylinder for combustion. At the time of switching the operation mode from one to another between a gas mode and a diesel mode, a supply amount of a first fuel to be supplied in a post-switching operation mode is increased to a switching threshold value through an increase control which monotonously increases the supply amount, and then is controlled by a speed-governing control based on the engine rotation number. The switching threshold value is set based on the engine rotation number or the engine load.

Abstract: To provide a controller and a control method for an internal combustion engine capable of learning the individual difference and the aging change of the flow characteristic of the EGR valve, by a method which is hardly influenced by the individual difference and the aging change of the internal combustion engine body, and improving the estimation accuracy of the flow rate of recirculation exhaust gas. The controller for an internal combustion engine calculates an oxygen concentration detecting EGR rate Regr based on the inner-manifold oxygen concentration; calculates an oxygen concentration detecting recirculation flow rate based on the oxygen concentration detecting EGR rate and the intake air flow rate, and calculates a learning value of the opening area of EGR valve; and calculates a flow rate of recirculation exhaust gas for control based on the learned opening area.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for operating an internal combustion engine equipped with a turbocharger and an exhaust gas recirculation pipe fluidly connecting an exhaust gas line to an air intake duct upstream of a compressor of the turbocharger. A value of a parameter indicative of a temperature of a portion of the exhaust gas recirculation pipe is determined. Exhaust gas recirculation via the exhaust gas recirculation pipe is prevented when the determined value is lower than a predetermined threshold value thereof. The air intake duct portion of compressed air exiting from the compressor is recirculated via the portion of the exhaust gas recirculation pipe.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an intake passage of the internal combustion engine, an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, an EGR passage connecting the intake passage and the exhaust passage. The internal combustion engine further includes a throttle valve provided downstream of a connected part to the EGR passage in the intake passage, and configured to control a quantity of intake air flowing into the internal combustion engine, and an intake throttle valve provided upstream of the connected part to the EGR passage in the intake passage. A control device controls the internal combustion engine, in which device an opening degree of the intake throttle valve is determined on the basis of an intake air quantity.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine includes a throttle valve actuator and circuitry. The circuitry is configured to calculate, based on a target intake air amount, a target recirculated amount of recirculated exhaust gas that is recirculated to an intake passage through an exhaust gas recirculation device, calculate a corrected target recirculated amount based on the target recirculated amount and an exhaust gas recirculated amount change delay in a change in a recirculated amount of the recirculated exhaust gas, calculate a target intake pressure based on the target intake air amount and the corrected target recirculated amount, calculate a target opening degree of the throttle valve based on the target intake air amount and the target intake pressure, and control the throttle valve actuator to drive the throttle valve such that an opening degree of the throttle valve is to be equal to the target opening degree.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses include an apparatus including an aftertreatment system control circuit structured to receive a signal indicative of an exhaust gas characteristic from a sensor, determine an aftertreatment system characteristic based on the exhaust gas characteristic, determine an acceptable input value responsive to the aftertreatment system characteristic, and control at least one of a fuel system actuator and an air handling actuator to achieve or substantially achieve the acceptable input value.

Abstract: A vehicle control device for a vehicle including an engine that is a power source of the vehicle, and a heating unit that heats a coolant of the engine includes a water temperature determination part that determines whether or not a temperature of the coolant is lower than a predetermined value, and a heating control part that performs an operation limitation to stop an output of the heating unit or to limit the output of the heating unit to a predetermined upper limit value or lower, when the water temperature determination part determines that the temperature of the coolant is lower than the predetermined value.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling fuel injection via a port fuel injector. At low load conditions, a lift pump coupled to a port injector may be deactivated, allowing fuel rail pressure to drop to fuel vapor pressure. Fuel may be delivered to engine cylinders while fuel rail pressure remains at fuel vapor pressure, with the lift pump still deactivated, for a duration until the accumulated amount of fuel delivered via port injection exceeds a threshold. Thereafter, the lift pump may be reactivated, allowing the fuel pump to be maintained disabled for longer periods of time, and providing fuel economy benefits.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for adjusting operation of fuel injectors of an internal combustion engine to reduce injector ticking noise during direct injection fuel rail pressure release. The method includes first reducing a significant part of the direct injection fuel rail pressure via a mechanical high pressure pump relief valve and only if further pressure relief is required then intermittently activating the direct injector to inject in small amount of fuel. Due to the reduced frequency of activation and small pulse-widths, the impact force transmitted from injectors to cylinder head is small thereby reducing the objectionable ticking noise.

Abstract: An ECU includes an injection controller that performs a partial lift injection in which a fuel injection valve is drivingly opened by an injection pulse by which a lift amount of a valve body of the fuel injection valve does not reach a full lift position, a first calculation section that calculates a first parameter correlated with an amount of induced electromotive force generated by a magnetic flux change during movement of the valve body to a closed position after OFF of the injection pulse of the partial lift injection, a second calculation section that calculates, based on a time-series change of the induced electromotive force after OFF of the injection pulse of the partial lift injection, a second parameter correlated with a voltage inflection point generated with reaching of the valve body to the closed position, and a correction section that corrects a time length of the injection pulse based on the first parameter and the second parameter.

Abstract: A tool and a method of forming an engine using the tool are provided. The tool includes an insert and at least one die. The insert is formed by forming an interbore passage between first and second siamesed cylinder liners, casting a lost core, and then casting a metal shell. The insert is positioned into a die of the tool and the engine block is cast. The lost core material may then be removed to provide the cooling jacket. The engine includes a cylinder block with a cooling jacket circumferentially surrounding first and second siamesed cylinder liners intersecting a closed deck face. The cooling jacket has first and second widths in first and second axial sections, respectively. An interbore region of the first and second cylinder liners defines first and second interbore cooling passages spaced apart from the deck face and parallel to one another.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a cam carrier insert coupled to a cylinder head of an engine. In one example, a system may comprise: a cylinder head with a cam bearing tower; a cam carrier insert positioned in the cylinder head; and a camshaft, the camshaft directly supported by the cam bearing tower and directly supported by the cam carrier insert. By mounting a first portion of the cam shaft to the cam bearing tower and a second portion of the cam shaft on the cam carrier insert, the system may operate deactivatable and non-deactivatable intake or exhaust valves of one or more engine cylinders in the engine. In this way, packaging of engine components within the cylinder head may be improved while promoting better engine performance.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for sealing variable area fan nozzles of jet engines are disclosed. An apparatus in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure includes a frame and a seal to be coupled to the frame. The seal to enclose petals of a variable area fan nozzle to substantially prevent airflow between the petals.

Abstract: A thrust reverser for reversing a thrust of a turbofan engine of an aircraft. The reverser includes a pivot door, a cascade component, and an actuation system. The door is moveable between lowered and raised positions in which a side outlet is, respectively, covered and uncovered. The cascade includes turning vanes, and is moveable between forward and rearward positions in which the cascade is positioned, respectively, not over and over the side outlet. The actuation system deploys the reverser by simultaneously moving the door to the raised position and moving the cascade to the rearward position over the side outlet, and stows the reverser by simultaneously moving the cascade to the forward position and moving the door to the lowered position. When the door is raised and the cascade is over the side outlet, airflow through the side outlet is directed at least partially forward to provide reverse thrust.

Abstract: A system for supplying power to a portable battery pack including a battery enclosed by a wearable and replaceable pouch or skin using at least one solar panel is disclosed, wherein the pouch or skin can be provided in different colors and/or patterns. Further, the pouch or skin can be MOLLE-compatible. The battery comprises a battery element housed between a battery cover and a back plate, wherein the battery element, battery cover, and back plate have a slight curvature or contour. Further, the battery comprises flexible leads.

Abstract: A method of controlling the pressure (PGC) and a mixture ratio of a rocket engine from a pressure setpoint (PGCc) and from a mixture ratio setpoint (RMc), the method comprising regulation delivering control signals for two control valves (VR1, VR2) of said engine, the regulation using a pressure feedback loop. The method further comprises determining an estimated value for the mixture ratio (RMe) used by said regulation, the estimated value for the mixture ratio being obtained by a model that delivers mixture ratio values as estimated from at least one of the two control valve control signals and/or from the measured pressure. The invention also provides a control device.

Abstract: An engine includes: a piston including a cavity; a cylinder head configured so as to form a combustion chamber having a pent roof shape; a fuel injection valve configured to inject fuel in a period from a second half of a compression stroke until a first half of an expansion stroke; and a spark plug arranged at a position corresponding to an upper side of the cavity. Injection openings which are arranged in a circumferential direction surrounding a longitudinal axis of the valve and through each of which the fuel is injected in a direction inclined relative to the longitudinal axis by a predetermined angle is formed such that when a height of a ceiling of the combustion chamber at a position corresponding to an edge end portion of the cavity in an injection direction of the injection opening is large, the injection angle of the injection opening is large.

Abstract: A method for an engine employing an after-treatment (AT) system with an AT device for treating an engine exhaust gas includes detecting an actual concentration of a pollutant in the exhaust gas upstream of the AT device. The method additionally includes treating the exhaust gas via the AT device and directing the treated gas to an exhaust gas passage. The method also includes recirculating a portion of the treated exhaust gas from the exhaust gas passage to the engine's intake passage and determining efficiency of the AT device, after recirculating the portion of the treated exhaust gas, using the detected actual pollutant concentration. Furthermore, the method includes maintaining operation of the AT system when the determined AT device efficiency is at or above a predetermined value and activating a sensory signal indicative of the AT device having malfunctioned when the determined AT device efficiency is below the predetermined value.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas discharge port to discharge a main flow of exhaust gas passing through an exhaust-gas purifying device is provided at a position which is offset, on one side, from a center axis of the purifying-device body, and an EGR-gas takeout port is provided at a position which is offset, on an opposite side to the exhaust-gas discharge port, from the center axis of the purifying-device body.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas recirculation system for recirculating exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine into an intake region of the internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas recirculation system includes the following components: at least one exhaust gas cooler through which a first flow path for recirculating exhaust gas extends, having at least one first cooling stage and at least one additional cooling stage, at least one flap arrangement by which the at least one additional cooling stage can be connected, a bypass line through which a second flow path for recirculating exhaust gas extends and by which the exhaust gas cooler can be bypassed during the recirculation of exhaust gas, and an EGR valve having at least three possible positions.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation arrangement is provided for a power system, the power system including an internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas system and an intake system including an inlet air compressor, the exhaust gas recirculation arrangement including a first exhaust gas recirculation path and a second exhaust gas recirculation path for recirculating exhaust gas from the exhaust gas system to the intake system. The first and second exhaust gas recirculation paths are adapted to recirculate exhaust gas to the same side of the inlet air compressor, in an intended direction of flow of inlet air in the power system, wherein the exhaust gas recirculation arrangement includes a flow controller, preferably the flow controller includes a valve connected to the second exhaust gas recirculation path, for controlling the flow volume through at least one of the first and second exhaust gas recirculation paths.

Abstract: A body of a seal ring is in an annular shape and includes an abutment joint at a location in the circumferential direction. The opposite ends of the body forming the abutment joint include an overlapping part where one end and the other end of the body overlap each other. The overlapping part includes a step cut joint that forms an overlap in the radial direction and a lap joint that forms an overlap in the plate thickness direction. Facing faces that face each other in the plate thickness direction in the lap joint are planes extending from an inner peripheral circular arc of the seal ring up to an outer peripheral circular arc of the seal ring.

Abstract: An intake device of an engine includes an air cleaner and an air flow sensor. The air cleaner includes an air filter, a cleaner case which forms a primary side space above the air filter and a secondary side space below the air filter, an inlet duct, and an outlet duct. The air flow sensor is fixed to the outlet duct. The cleaner case has a first side wall on which the inlet duct is mounted, and a second side wall which opposedly faces the first side wall. The air filter has a folded shape like bellows, and is held in the cleaner case. The second side wall has a deflecting portion which deflects air introduced from the inlet duct into a flow directed in an obliquely upward direction.

Abstract: A silencing device includes an intake air pipe, a silencer, and a heater. The intake air pipe communicates with a supercharging device configured to supercharge intake air to be sucked into an engine. The intake air pipe is configured to introduce the intake air into the supercharging device. The silencer is disposed in the intake air pipe, and configured to silence air flow noise. The heater is disposed in the intake air pipe, and configured to heat the intake air introduced through the intake air pipe.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a high-pressure fuel pump having a pump piston which, during operation, moves in translation between a pressure chamber and a leakage chamber. The leakage chamber has a leakage collecting region and an equalizing region. A low-pressure damper having a bellows-shaped corrugated damper plate is arranged in the equalizing region.