Abstract: In a scheme for analyzing low magnification defect images and determining whether or not a defect detection method using cell comparison is applicable, if a defect detection method using cell comparison cannot be applied and the proportion transitioning to a defect detection method using die comparison increases, throughput may decrease even more than starting out with defect detection by a defect detection method using die comparison. The purpose of present invention is to carry out high precision defect detection with a stable throughput. In the present invention, the defect detection processing mode applied for detecting defects from the defect image is determined using a reference image, and defects are detected from the defect image by the defect detection processing mode that has been determined.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method of detecting the presence of a foreign substance, such as ice, in an air-flow path within an operating jet engine by providing one or more electromagnetic sensors that are tuned to receive electromagnetic waves at one or more frequencies generated by the operating jet engine that change upon the presence of the foreign substance. In at least one embodiment, the waves can be transmitted to the electromagnetic sensor through an electromagnetically transparent window in a wall of the jet engine. In at least another embodiment, the electromagnetic sensor can be coupled with a connector that penetrates an operating chamber in the jet engine to measure the electromagnetic parameters of one or more components from within the chamber of the jet engine. In some embodiments, the amount of ice or other foreign substances can be measured or estimated.

Abstract: A method for imaging an object is presented. The method includes acquiring a first projection image of the object using a source and a detector, positioning a scatter rejecting aperture plate between the object and the detector, and acquiring a second projection image of the object with the scatter rejecting aperture plate disposed between the object and the detector. A scatter image of the object is generated based on the first projection image and the second projection image, and stored for subsequent imaging. A volumetric CT system for imaging an object is also presented. The system is configured to acquire a plurality of projection images of the object from a plurality of plurality of projection angles.

Abstract: An ion beam analysis method to quantitatively measure the presence of fluorinated compounds in aqueous samples. The method is a quick, cost effective, nondestructive and quantitative, screen for the presence of fluorinated compounds in solution. The present invention includes a novel method of using an ion beam analysis method (such as PIGE) in air (ex vacuo) to unambiguously easily, quickly, accurately, precisely and cost effectively identify the presence of fluorinated compounds (such as PFASs) that have been extracted from aqueous solutions. The present invention may be used with a wide variety of aqueous solutions, including environmental groundwater samples, with little processing.

Abstract: A sensor assembly has a substrate with a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, at least one analyte sensor positioned on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the substrate, and at least one electrical contact positioned on the substrate in electrical communication with a corresponding one of the at least one analyte sensor. The substrate is configured to define a tube having an interior surface, and an exterior surface. At least a portion of the first surface of the substrate defines the interior surface of the tube, and the at least one analyte sensor is disposed on at least one of the interior surface and the exterior surface of the tube.

Abstract: In some examples, a pathogen detection sensor includes an electrical circuit changeable from a first impedance state to a second impedance state in response to a change in the presence of pathogens (e.g., in response to pathogen growth). A substrate of a vascular access includes at least a part of the pathogen detection sensor, such as, for example, part of the electrical circuit. In this way, the pathogen detection sensor may be positionable proximate to a vascular access site in order to detect the presence of pathogens at or near a vascular access site of a patient.

Abstract: A non-destructive testing system includes a test article interface and a reference article interface. The test article interface includes a connector to couple to a metal component of an article under test (AUT) and a connector to couple to a carbon fiber composite component of the AUT. The reference article interface includes a connector to couple to a metal component of a reference article (REF) and a connector to couple to a carbon fiber composite component of the REF. The system also includes sensors to generate signals based on voltage and current thermoelectrically induced between the test article interface and the reference article interface, where the current and the voltage are based on a temperature difference between the AUT and the REF. The system also includes a processor to generate, based on the signals, an output indicating whether the AUT is expected to pass a lightning strike test.

Abstract: A biosensor using a DNA-based conductive nanowire and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed, and more particularly, a biosensor using a DNA-based conductive nanowire, which includes a DNA-based conductive nanowire formed by coating with conductive nanoparticles having spontaneous positive charges and a protein detection receptor coupled to the DNA-based conductive nanowire by electrostatic attraction to determine diseases at high sensitivity, and a method for manufacturing the same. A method for manufacturing a biosensor using a DNA-based conductive nanowire includes a DNA alignment process of selectively aligning DNA on a substrate, a DNA-based conductive nanowire manufacturing process in which conductive nanoparticles charged by positive charges are coupled to the aligned DNA to manufacture the DNA-based conductive nanowire having spontaneous positive charges, and a protein detection receptor fixing process of fixing a receptor for detecting proteins to the DNA-based conductive nanowire.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting moisture comprising a substrate, a pattern made on the substrate using a nanoparticle conductive ink, and having at least two conductive terminals to the pattern. The sensor may further include an electronic device to monitor the impedance at the terminals, and can provide representative audio or visual output; or may transmit the measured impedance or the corresponding representative status over wired or wireless interface to other electronic devices. The interfaced electronic devices may further transmit all the received data to data servers for additional processing and Internet services.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, there is provided an odor sensor including at least two sensor elements each having a substance adsorbing membrane for adsorbing one or more odor substances included in air; and an electrical signal conversion unit for measuring the electrical characteristics of the substance adsorbing membrane after adsorption of the substance, in which the substance adsorbing membrane has a main skeleton containing an electroconductive polymer and contains a dopant for modifying the main skeleton of the electroconductive polymer, and the at least two sensor elements are respectively provided with substance adsorbing membranes having different proportions of the main skeleton and the dopant. Also provided is an odor measurement system using the sensor.

Abstract: A proximity switch and moisture sensing assembly includes a vehicle window and a proximity switch including a proximity sensor located on the window and providing an activation field. The proximity switch and moisture sensing assembly also includes control circuitry monitoring a signal responsive to the activation field, determining a switch activation based on the signal, and determining a moisture value based upon the signal. A conductive shield may be disposed between the proximity sensors and the outside environment to reduce the effects of moisture on the outer side of the window.

Abstract: The electrochemical sensor according to the present invention can precisely measure the current value of serotonin by preventing a decrease in sensitivity due to the background in the blood and thus can effectively diagnose allergy.

Abstract: A nanopore cell may include a well having a working electrode at a bottom of the well. The well may be formed within a dielectric layer, where the sidewalls of the well may be formed of the dielectric or other materials coating the walls of the dielectric layer. Various materials having different hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity can be used to provide desired properties of the cell. The nanopore in the nanopore cell can be inserted in a membrane formed over the well. Various techniques can be used for providing a desired shape and other properties e.g., of materials and processes for forming the well.

Abstract: An oxygen sensor comprises a housing defining an interior space, a sensing electrode, a reference electrode, a counter electrode, a separator retaining an electrolyte, and a chamber within the housing. The retained electrolyte provides ionically conductive pathways between each of the sensing electrode, the reference electrode, and the counter electrode within the housing, and the chamber contains the sensing electrode. The chamber comprises an opening, and the separator extends into the chamber and substantially fills the opening.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gas sensor includes a step of preparing an assembly including a sensor element, a metal cylindrical body through which the sensor element penetrates in an axial direction, and a protection cover that is attached to the cylindrical body and that covers one end side of the sensor element. The method also includes steps of arranging a coil in a periphery of at least a portion of the cylindrical body at the same side as the other end of the sensor element with respect to the protection cover to avoid the protection cover of the assembly, induction heating the portion of the cylindrical body where the coil is arranged in the periphery by applying current to the coil, and hence removing oil adhering to the portion.

Abstract: An electrochemical H2S sensor comprises a housing, an electrolyte disposed within the housing, and a plurality of electrodes in contact with the electrolyte within the housing. The plurality of electrodes comprise a porous working electrode that comprises a first surface that is hydrophobic and a second surface that is treated with a surfactant. The first surface is exposed to an ambient gas, and the second surface treated with the surfactant is in contact with the electrolyte.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor includes a ceramic substrate, a capillary disposed through the ceramic substrate, a plurality of electrodes disposed on a first surface of the ceramic substrate, an electrolyte disposed over at least a portion of each electrode of the plurality of electrodes, a coating disposed over the plurality of electrodes and the electrolyte, and control and detection circuitry coupled to the substrate. The coating sealingly couples to the substrate over the plurality of electrodes and the electrolyte, and the plurality of electrodes are electrically coupled to the control and detection circuitry.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) sensor includes an anode and a cathode with a polymer electrolyte disposed therebetween. The anode and cathode are configured with asymmetric catalyst loadings, such that the catalyst loading on the cathode is lower than that of the anode. Accordingly, due to the reduction of the amount of catalyst utilized, the cost of fabricating the sensor is substantially reduced.

Abstract: The present disclosure outlines a device having a multi-channel potentiostat circuit and a microcontroller for controlling the multi-channel potentiostat circuit. The multi-channel potentiostat circuit includes a counter electrode, a reference electrode, and a first switch between the counter electrode and the reference electrode. The multi-channel potentiostat circuit also includes a plurality of measurement circuits coupled to respective second switches. The microcontroller can configured to provide a first signal to the multi-channel potentiostat circuit to control the first switch, wherein a state of the first switch changes an operating mode of the multi-channel potentiostat circuit. The microcontroller is also configured to provide a second signal to the multi-channel potentiostat circuit to control at least one of the second switches to couple at least one of the plurality of measurement circuits to a working electrode.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, an ion sensor chip, which is connected to an inspection apparatus provided with a connection section having a plurality of connection terminals, comprises an ion sensor configured to measure an activity of an ion of a category corresponding to a composition of an ion sensitive membrane, and an identification information supply section configured to supply identification information corresponding to an inspection object ion of the ion sensor to the inspection apparatus.

Abstract: A temperature compensation method for a gas sensor module using a change of heater current, may include deriving an output voltage equation of the gas sensor module from a cell reaction equation of an electrolyte and deriving the output voltage equation to an equation for a fluctuation temperature which varies depending on a sensor temperature and an unknown type compensation coefficient; deriving the fluctuation temperature to heater current indicating a current value of a heater formed in the gas sensor module and deriving the output voltage equation by the heater current and the compensation coefficient; and measuring output voltage depending on current of heaters at two or more points to determine the compensation coefficient of the output voltage equation, and the output voltage is configured to be compensated with the change of the heater current measured by the gas sensor module regardless of an external temperature.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device can be used for quantitative mechanical testing of materials within a controlled (chemical and temperature) environment, with the ability for electrochemical control to the specimen, that is coupled with a complimentary in-situ characterization technique.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of separating and collecting ions of a predetermined ion mobility from a gaseous mixture of ions of different ion mobilities using a differential mobility analyser apparatus, wherein the differential mobility analyser apparatus comprises an ion-separation chamber having: (a) a sample gas flow inlet; (b) a focusing chamber, an opening at one end of which serves as the sample gas flow inlet through which sample gas can flow into the ion-separation chamber; (c) a sheath gas inlet connected or connectable to a supply of sheath gas; (d) a sheath gas outlet; (e) an ion outlet through which the ions of predetermined ion mobility can be collected; and (f) two or more electrodes arranged to provide an ion-separating electric field across the ion-separation chamber; wherein the focusing chamber is oriented at an angle of from 30° to 90° relative to a direction of flow of the sheath gas along the ion-separation chamber; and wherein a focusing zone is provided in the focusing chamber,

Abstract: Magneto-impedance (MI) sensors employing current confinement and exchange bias layer(s) for increased MI sensitivity are disclosed. MI sensors may be used as biosensors to detect biological materials. The sensing by the MI devices is based on a giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect, which is very sensitive to a magnetic field. The GMI effect is a change in impedance of a magnetic material resulting from a change in skin depth of the magnetic material as a function of an external direct current (DC) magnetic field applied to the magnetic material and an alternating current (AC) current flowing through the magnetic material (or adjacent conductive materials). Thus, this change in impedance resulting from a magnetic stray field generated by magnetic nanoparticles can be detected in lower concentrations and measured to determine the amount of magnetic nanoparticles present, and thus the target analyte of interest.

Abstract: A technique facilitates examination of a tubing string which may comprise coiled tubing or other types of pipe. The technique involves evaluation of defect severity as it relates to tubing fatigue life reduction. A sensor may be positioned to monitor a pipe for a magnetic flux leakage signal indicating a defect in the pipe. The sensor outputs data on the magnetic flux leakage signal to a data processing system. The sensor data is used by the data processing system to identify the defect type via computer modeling, e.g. by utilizing a benchmark defect library, and to determine its relationship with respect to pipe fatigue life.

Abstract: A system for non-destructively evaluating components fabricated by additive manufacturing processes that includes a sensor array embedded within an electromagnetic field concentrating material or matrix, and that includes a plurality of individual elements arranged in a predetermined pattern for allowing substantially uniform coverage of an area of an electrically conductive component to be evaluated; wherein each element in the plurality of elements further includes at least one coil that acts as an exciter coil for generating an alternating electromagnetic field when activated, or a receiver coil for measuring a change in impedance of the at least one coil, or as both an exciter coil and a receiver coil; wherein the alternating electromagnetic field induces eddy currents in the component to be evaluated; and wherein the individual elements in the sensor array are excited in a predetermined sequence during a single pass of the sensor array over the area of a component to be evaluated.

Abstract: Disclosed is an assembly for detecting the presence of a gas in a liquid contained or circulating in a conduit including an element for supporting the conduit and a sensor allowing the transmission and reception of acoustic or light waves. The sensor is arranged on the support of the conduit facing the one and the same side of the conduit and the support element includes a waveguide capable of routing the wave transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor to the receiver of the sensor.

Abstract: A gas detection element includes a crystal oscillator and a gas adsorption film formed on the crystal oscillator. The gas adsorption film has a thickness that causes the detection element to have a crystal impedance of no more than 10 times the crystal impedance of the crystal oscillator on which the gas adsorption film is not formed. A resonance frequency variation of the gas detection element due to humidity variation can be kept within a certain range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (01) for examining a test material (02) via acoustic spectroscopy, comprising a measuring distance (37) which is formed from a reference material (38) and the test material (02), the acoustic material parameters of the reference material (38) being known for different frequencies, and the length (xR) of the reference material (38) being known, and the length (xM) of the test material (02) being known, and comprising an ultrasonic transmission device (39) for transmitting an ultrasonic transmission signal (42) having an initial amplitude (A0) through the measuring distance (37), and comprising a first ultrasonic reception device (41) for receiving the transmitted ultrasonic reception signal (44) after said signal (44) has passed through the measuring distance (37), and comprising a second ultrasonic reception device (40) for receiving the ultrasonic receiving signal (45) reflected on the boundary surface (43) between the test material (02) and the reference material (38) after

Abstract: A system includes an ultrasound measurement probe. The ultrasound measurement probe includes a lower portion. The lower portion includes a delay block, an array of ultrasound transducers coupled to the delay block, and a first circuit board. The first circuit board further includes a first plurality of pins coupled to the array of ultrasound transducers. The ultrasound measurement probe also includes an upper portion removably coupled to the lower portion. The upper portion includes a second circuit board. The second circuit board further includes a second plurality of pins configured to couple with the first plurality of pins when the upper portion is removably coupled to the lower portion.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a sensor adhesion state determination system includes a plurality of sensors, a calculator, and a determiner. Each of the plurality of sensors detects elastic waves. The calculator calculates peak frequencies of the elastic waves on the basis of the elastic waves detected by the plurality of sensors. The determiner determines the adhesion state of each of the sensors by comparing the peak frequencies with information serving as a determination reference.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a position location system includes a plurality of sensors, a time measurement unit, an angle calculation unit, and a position location unit. The plurality of sensors are arranged at a predetermined sensor interval. The time measurement unit measures a difference in time at which elastic waves arrive at the plurality of sensors. The angle calculation unit calculates an incident angle at which the elastic waves are incident on the plurality of sensors on the basis of the time difference. The position locator locates a source of the elastic waves on the basis of the incident angle. The predetermined sensor interval is a distance determined on the basis of a sound velocity of elastic waves propagating in a structure in which the plurality of sensors are arranged and a frequency characteristic of the sensor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assessing a calibration of a multi-axis ultrasonic scanner, the method comprising: providing a calibration verification tool (100), comprising a plurality of mutually oblique plates (110-140) defining surfaces at predefined angles with respect to one another; providing a digital model of the tool; registering, by the ultrasonic scanner, the tool (100) within the reference frame; controlling the ultrasonic scanner to measure a plate (110-140) to determine a reference signal; measuring each plate (110-140); using the reference signal and the plate measurements, determining an orientation of the ultrasonic scanner when each plate was measured; and, using the determined orientations, verifying whether or not the ultrasonic scanner calibration.

Abstract: A photoacoustic apparatus including: a probe including a light source and a receiving unit receiving an acoustic wave generated from an object, which has been irradiated with light from the light source; a temperature information acquiring unit acquiring a temperature of the photoacoustic probe; and a controlling unit controlling irradiation of light by the light source in accordance with the temperature.

Abstract: A method for determining dimethyl disulphide proceeds by carrying out a chromatographic separation of an analyte containing at least dimethyl disulphide and methanesulphonic acid, and determining the dimethyl disulphide by pulsed amperometric detection.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to systems and methods for completing processes on a gas detector device using near-field communication between the gas detector device and an NFC tag. The NFC tag may communicate instructions or information to the gas detector device. The NFC tag may be located on or near a gas testing system, comprising gas deliver tube(s), gas tank(s), as well as other elements. In some embodiments, the gas detector device may comprise a single button to simplify interactions with the user.

Abstract: A biological gas detection device acquires a reference output value that is an output value outputted from a semiconductor gas sensor in a reference air sample, the semiconductor gas sensor having sensitivity to an interfering gas and a target gas contained in a biological gas, acquires a target gas concentration that is a concentration of the target gas measured based on a first output value, the first output value being outputted from the semiconductor gas sensor during measurement of the biological gas, corrects the target gas concentration based on a second output value and the reference output value, the second output value being outputted from the semiconductor gas sensor in an air sample prior to measurement of the biological gas; and outputs information according to the corrected target gas concentration.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial olfactory sensing system capable of sniffing out various odors highly sensitively. The artificial olfactory sensing system includes: plural sensor cells on a lipid membrane of each of which olfactory receptors have developed; and plural ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) that correspondingly exist to the sensor cells on a one-on-one basis. A response signal showing that each of the olfactory receptors of each of the sensor cells has recognized an odor molecule is converted into an electric signal by an ISFET corresponding to each of the sensor cells.

Abstract: A method of processing signals comprising: obtaining an electrical signal from one or more plant specimens; and processing said obtained electrical signal to generate plant data; wherein the plant data is data indicative of a characteristic of said one or more plant specimens, wherein said characteristic comprises at least one of: a measure of the health of said one or more plant specimens, a measure of the vitality of said one or more plant specimens, and a reaction to environmental changes of said one or more plant specimens.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are presented for monitoring a concentration of a specific halogen in a body of water such as a spa or bathing unit for example. The apparatus comprises a housing in which is positioned an optical absorption analyzer for making first and second measurement of transmission of ultraviolet light from a light source emitting light at a specific wavelength. The second and first measurements are taken respectively before and after the ultraviolet light has travelled through a sample of water and are used to derive a concentration of the specific halogen. The derived concentration may then be communicated to a user using a display device and/or may be used to control operational components of a bathing unit for adjusting the concentration of halogen in the water.

Abstract: Methods and systems suitable for producing agricultural prescriptions and/or measuring or monitoring parameters that are used in the production of the prescriptions. According to one aspect, such a method includes obtaining and recording a series of aerial thermal images of a field over a period of time, and analyzing the series of aerial thermal images to determine nutrient mineralization rates for the field.

Abstract: In a method for determining the low-temperature properties of a paraffin-containing fuel, the fuel is conducted from a storage chamber through a measuring cell provided with a sieve, the measuring cell is cooled by means of a cooling device, the temperature of the fuel in the measuring cell is measured, and a fluid pressure representing the flow resistance occurring on the sieve is measured, and the temperature occurring at a defined fluid pressure set point is determined and output as a result of the method, wherein, for the pressure measurement, a defined sample amount of the fuel is abruptly delivered from the storage chamber in order to obtain a pressure pulse.

Abstract: Various embodiments of sensing devices are provided for determining water cut measurements of a fluid flowing through a fluid passageway. In some embodiments, the sensing device can include one or more pressure and/or temperature sensor probe assemblies configured to measure a pressure and/or temperature of the fluid, and a probe assembly configured to measure a water cut of the fluid.

Abstract: A method of predicting deformation of a resin molded article includes: a step of acquiring resin temperature distribution data at the time of forming the resin molded article; a step of creating crystallinity distribution data, corresponding to the resin temperature distribution data, based on a first correlation between a temperature and crystallinity of the resin molded article, which is obtained using an actually measured crystallinity of the resin molded article; a step of creating mechanical property value distribution data, corresponding to the crystallinity distribution data, based on a second correlation between the crystallinity and the mechanical property value of the resin molded article, which is obtained from the actually measured crystallinity and the mechanical property value of the resin molded article; and a step of predicting the deformation of the resin molded article using the resin temperature distribution data and the mechanical property value distribution data.

Abstract: A sensing chip attached to a bandage monitors the healing process of a wound by detecting growth factors, thrombin and fibrinogen. The complementary metal-oxide semiconductor includes a functionalized working electrode, functionalized counter electrode and functionalized reference electrode. The healing progress is stimulated by generating oxygen in the wound.

Abstract: A method of analyzing molecules using a nanopore array including a plurality of cells included on a chip is disclosed. Nanopores are caused to be formed in at least a portion of the plurality of the cells. A first physical measurement of the nanopores is evaluated. It is determined whether to cause the molecules to interact with the nanopores. At least a portion of the nanopores is caused to interact with the molecules. A second physical measurement of the nanopores that indicates a property of the molecules is evaluated. It is determined whether to cause the nanopores to be reformed so that the cells may be reused to interact with additional molecules.

Abstract: A microfluidic chamber, including: an internal compartment sized and shaped for culturing cells; an external compartment surrounding at least part of the internal compartment, sized and shaped for culturing cells; at least one flow path connecting the internal compartment and the external compartment, sized and shaped to allow penetration of cell extensions from the internal compartment into the external compartment, wherein the internal compartment, the external compartment and the at least one flow path are formed on a base layer of the microfluidic chamber; at least one micro-pattern in the base layer of said microfluidic chamber shaped and sized to align cells cultured in the microfluidic chamber relative to each other.

Abstract: Provided are methods for determining the level of microglial activation in the brain of a subject by measuring blood Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Prostaglandin F2?, or both, and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) concentrations in a sample obtained from a subject, wherein the ratio of [PGE2]/[CRP], [PGF2?]/[CRP], or both, is indicative of the level of microglial activation in the brain of the subject.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for providing original data that can be used for subsequently determining the function of an organ of a living organism or for subsequently diagnosing a disease or a severity of a disease of an organ of a living organism. This method is characterized by several steps, one of which is administering a marker substance to a living organism by inhalation, wherein the marker substance has a vapor pressure above 0.01 mmHg at 37° C. In other method steps, the concentration of this marker substance in exhaled air is determined at at least two different time points. Then, a difference in marker substance concentration is calculated.

Abstract: A system and method of trailing a wounded animal includes sensing a chemical component of mammalian blood and other bodily fluids in the air using a sensing device. The sensing device comprises a housing configured to be held in a hand of a person trailing the wounded animal. An audible and/or visual indication is provided based on the sensed chemical component.