Abstract: Detecting threat materials used in explosives is performed by receiving a sample, and selecting an area of interest on the sample suspected of containing a threat material indicative of an explosive. Detection also includes interrogating the area of interest with a Raman laser producing a Raman spectrum, and comparing an amplitude of a first spectral region in the Raman spectrum to a first predetermined threshold. Detection further includes performing a verification, if the determination indicates that the area of interest includes the threat material, by checking the interrogated area of interest for a secondary indicator of the presence of the threat material, by comparing an amplitude of a second spectral region in the Raman spectrum, which is different from the first spectral region in the Raman spectrum, to a second predetermined threshold, and activating an indicator if the verification indicates that the area of interest contains the threat material.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting glycation levels within hemoglobin generates a first correlation matrix using a first light beam at a first wavelength passing through a hemoglobin sample. A second correlation matrix is generated using a second light beam at a second wavelength passing through the hemoglobin sample. The first correlation matrix is multiplied by an inverse of the second correlation matrix to obtain a third matrix. A fourth matrix is generated by taking a singular value decomposition of the third matrix. The fourth matrix comprises a unique biomarker for a level of glycation within the hemoglobin sample. The level of glycation within the hemoglobin sample is determined responsive to the fourth matrix and an indicator identifying the determined level of glycation is output.

Abstract: An analyte detection package includes a chamber, a surface-enhanced luminescence analyte stage within the chamber, and a tunable lens integrated with the package to focus radiation onto the analyte stage.

Abstract: This application provides a dynamic color filter (CF) macroscopic inspection system and method. The dynamic CF macroscopic inspection system includes: a color film coating unit, configured to coat color filters on a CF glass substrate; a color film developing unit, configured to develop the CF glass substrate; a color film baking unit, configured to bake the CF glass substrate; a color film macroscopic inspection unit, configured to inspect a visual macroscopic abnormality of the CF glass substrate; a color film colorimeter unit, configured to perform a chrominance detection on the CF glass substrate; and at least one conveyor belt, including a first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt, connected between the color film coating unit, the color film developing unit, the color film baking unit, the color film macroscopic inspection unit, and the color film colorimeter unit, and configured to transport the CF glass substrate.

Abstract: A device for analysing a product to be analysed which is located in a product space having a probe body arranged in a probe housing and having a peripheral wall, and at least one radiation source and at least one optical receiver. At least one measurement window in the probe body has an entry region and an exit region for measurement radiation. An evaluation unit is also provided. The probe body can be brought into a measurement position, in which at least one part of the probe body in which the measurement window is located penetrates through an opening of the probe housing into the product space for the analysis. In addition, the probe body can be brought into a retracted position, in which the probe body is still located at least partially in the region of the opening of the probe housing and thus covers the opening.

Abstract: In various examples, an installation is provided for optically examining surface regions of objects, in particular of painted vehicle bodies, having a test light apparatus for irradiating an object, which is situated in a test region of the installation, with test light and/or for producing a test pattern on the surface region, wherein the test light apparatus has a light-emitting system having a plurality of light-emitting units for emitting test light into the test region, wherein the light-emitting units have a transparent cover with respect to the test region. An operator apparatus is arranged, as viewed from the test region, behind the transparent cover and is set up such that the operator apparatus can be operated by touching at least one section of the cover or/and by approaching such a section. A light-emitting system for such an installation and to a test light module for assembling such an installation are provided.

Abstract: Examining an object, comprising: receiving potential defects, each associated with a location; performing first clustering of the potential defects to obtain first and second subsets, the clustering performed such that potential defects in the first subset are denser in a physical area than potential defects in the second subset; automatically assigning first validity probabilities to potential defects in the first and second subsets; selecting for review potential defects from the first and second subsets, according to a third policy, and in accordance with a strategy for combining top elements and randomly selected elements from the merged list; receiving indications for potential defects in part of the potential defect lists, subsequent to potential defects being reviewed; updating the policies in accordance with validation or classification of items in the first and second subsets; and repeating said assigning, selecting, receiving and updating with the updated policies, until a stopping criteria is obser

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and apparatus are provided for controlling components of a detection device. The device may detect turbidity of liquid with sensors such as a density sensor and/or nephelometric sensor. A light modulation pattern may reduce or eliminate interference in sensor readings. Readings may be performed during off cycles of an illumination light to reduce interference but to provide improved visibility of a tube. Dark and light sensor readings may be performed with an emitter respectively off or on to account for ambient light in subsequent readings. Readings from the density sensor and/or nephelometric sensor may be used to calculate McFarland values. The device may be zeroed based on an emitter level that results in a sensor reading satisfying a predetermined criterion.

Abstract: The present application provides a floor board unit, a floor board and an IoT home system. The floor board unit includes a floor board body which can switch between a light-transmissive state and a light-tight state, a floor board controller, a light emitting layer and at least one first sensor. The light emitting layer is below the floor board body. An output terminal of the first sensor is electrically coupled to an input terminal of the floor board controller. The light emitting layer is configured to emit incident light towards the floor board body. The floor board controller is configured to control the floor board body to be in the light-transmissive state when the light emitting layer emits the incident light. The first sensor receives reflected light obtained after the incident light is reflected and transmit a signal indicating an intensity of the reflected light to the floor board controller.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for inspecting the back surface of an epitaxial wafer, capable of detecting defects in the back surface of an epitaxial wafer. An epitaxial wafer back surface inspection apparatus has an optical system including an annular fiber optic illuminator and an imaging unit which are placed perpendicular to the back surface of an epitaxial wafer; and a scanning unit operating the optical system in parallel with the back surface to scan the back surface. A light source of the annular fiber optic illuminator is composed of either blue LEDs or red LEDs.

Abstract: An inspection system and method to inspect for defects in molding, contamination, scratches, damage and any form of deformation in intraocular lens comprising three main building blocks; a Top illumination light head that includes a Top lens light head and a Top flat light head; a Dark field illumination light head, a Bright field illumination light head; a Single spot illumination light head; a image acquisition and processing system which captures images of the lens loaded in trays; analyzing the image to detect the various defects; making a conclusion to reject or accept the lens, based on the analyzed image.

Abstract: Provided is an inspection method including: irradiating a sample to be inspected with illuminating light; acquiring a first image of the sample to be inspected, with an auto focuser using the illuminating light reflected from the sample to be inspected; storing autofocus function coordinates acquired with the auto focuser in the acquiring the first image; calculating a two-dimensional polynomial approximation of the autofocus function coordinates; and controlling focusing in acquiring a second image of the sample to be inspected, with the two-dimensional polynomial approximation.

Abstract: An X-ray phase contrast imaging system includes an X-ray source, a detector, a plurality of gratings including a first grating and a second grating, and a grating positional displacement acquisition section configured to obtain a positional displacement of the grating based on a Fourier transform image obtained by Fourier transforming an interference fringe image detected by the detector.

Abstract: The X-ray phase imaging apparatus includes a position switching mechanism for switching a relative position of one or more gratings between a retreated position which is an outside of a detection range on a detection surface of an image signal detector and a detection positon which is an inside of the detection range on the detection surface of the image signal detector and a focal diameter changing unit configured to change a focal diameter of the X-ray source in conjunction with switching of the relative position of the one or more gratings.

Abstract: A method for enhanced interventional imaging for cracks, improving the precision in observing cracks in rock hydraulic fracturing test, benefiting for scientifically understanding regular pattern of development of hydraulically fractured cracks in rocks. The technical solution comprises: hydraulically fracturing the rock with aqueous solutions containing nanoscale interventional contrast-enhanced agent which has a high atomic number; forming hydraulically fractured cracks, wherein the difference in mass attenuation coefficient ?/? of x-ray between the cracks and the rock is improved by the interventional contrast-enhanced agent in the cracks, moreover, the difference in mass energy absorption coefficient ?en/? of x-ray between the cracks and the rock is improved, then the linear attenuation coefficient of the reception of detector is changed, improving the imaging resolution for hydraulically fractured cracks in the rock.

Abstract: A calorimeter head and an associated system are provided. The calorimeter head provides symmetric circumferential laminar flow parallel to the bottom plane of a substrate plate of the calorimeter head. The calorimeter head defines a cavity which employs multiple tangentially arranged inlets for receipt of a flow of coolant from a control unit of the system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a structure of a gas sensor, comprising: a support, having a front side, a back side opposite to the front side, a cell region, and a peripheral region circling the cell region; a cavity, formed on the back side of the support in the cell region; a heater, disposed on the front side of the support covering the cavity; a sensing element, disposed on the heater; and a sealing layer, formed on the back side of the support covering inside the cavity.

Abstract: A control method for gas chemosensors having a sensitive layer, which comprises the steps of: a) measuring the resistivity of the sensitive layer at a particular moment, the sensitive layer being at a particular temperature; b) establishing a temperature profile to be applied to the sensitive layer, based on the resistivity value measured; c) obtaining the average temperature value across the temperature profiles applied to the sensitive layer during a time interval and comparing the average temperature with stored values to determine changes in the gas concentration. The invention also relates to a gas detection system comprising a gas chemosensor connected to control means connected to heating means associated with the sensitive layer, defining a control loop with sigma-delta topology.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to conductive textiles that include a textile component with a plurality of fibers; and metal-organic frameworks associated with the fibers of the textile component in the form of a conductive network. Metal-organic frameworks may have a two-dimensional structure and a crystalline form. Metal-organic frameworks may be conformally coated on the fibers of the textile component. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of sensing an analyte in a sample by exposing the sample to a conductive textile; and detecting the presence or absence of the analyte by detecting a change in a property of the conductive textile, and correlating the change in the property to the presence or absence of the analyte. The analyte in the sample may reversibly associate with the conductive textile. The association may also result in filtration, pre-concentration, and capture of the analyte by the conductive textile.

Abstract: Nanofiber based sensors are described that can be used to detect analytes in biological or non-biological contexts. Each sensor includes at least two nanofiber yarns that are spaced apart from one another so as to avoid electrical (or physical) contact. Each nanofiber yarn of the nanofiber sensor includes a sensing region that is in electrical contact with the rest of the corresponding nanofiber yarn. The sensing regions of the at least two nanofibers are treated with complementary sensing agents so that when the sensing regions (and the corresponding sensing agents) are exposed to the analyte to be detected, an electrical response is detected. This response is then communicated through one or more of the nanofiber yarns for interpretation by a processor.

Abstract: The invention provides a bio-detection device, including a carrier, a plurality of spacers, an electronic circuit, and a package layer, wherein an open platform is formed. The carrier includes a test region and a signal transmission wiring, wherein the test region is configured to carry a fluid under test. The spacers are located on the test region and electrically connected to two different voltage levels to form a capacitor for sensing a capacitance of the fluid. The spacers are connected to the signal transmission wiring. The electronic circuit receives and processes a sensing signal corresponding to the capacitance of the fluid. The package layer covers a portion of the carrier but does not cover the test region. The open platform is formed whereby a user can easily put in the fluid. The open platform has a bottom which includes the test region, and an area of the open platform is defined by the spacers and the package layer.

Abstract: A particulate matter measuring device component includes: a base portion formed of ceramics, the base portion being internally provided with a flow channel through which gas flows; a filter portion formed of porous ceramics, the filter portion being disposed within the flow channel so as to divide the flow channel into a plurality of portions; and a pair of electrodes for formation of electrostatic capacitance, disposed in the base portion so that the filter portion is sandwiched between the pair of electrodes, a wall surface of the flow channel of the base portion being denser than a surface of the filter portion.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a concentration of an analyte in a physiological fluid with a biosensor are presented. Current values are measured during application of voltage pulses across electrodes of the biosensor. Different intermediate analyte concentrations are calculated using different subsets of the measured current values and different scaling factors. A first intermediate analyte concentration has a first level of accuracy across a range of analyte concentrations. A second intermediate analyte concentration has a higher level of accuracy in the low range. A third intermediate analyte concentration has a higher level of accuracy in the high range. The concentration of the analyte is determined as a function of the different intermediate analyte concentrations. The second intermediate analyte concentration, the third intermediate analyte concentration or an average, is selected if the first intermediate analyte concentration is in the low range, the high range or in between, respectively.

Abstract: A sensor element drive circuit is a circuit including a plurality of semiconductor elements formed on a semiconductor substrate for realizing a current control function and a switching function. The current control function is a function of controlling the current flowing between electrodes such that the potential difference between electrodes becomes constant. The switching function is a function for switching between a connected state in which the electrodes are electrically connected to a sensor control apparatus and a cut-off state in which electrical continuity therebetween is broken. When one of an Ip+ terminal, a COM terminal, and a Vs+ terminal is determined to have an anomalous potential, the sensor control apparatus causes the sensor element drive circuit to perform switching from the connected state to the cut-off state, and connects the semiconductor substrate to a negative voltage lower than a ground potential applied to the sensor element drive circuit.

Abstract: Techniques described herein can apply AC signals with different phases to different groups of nanopore cells in a nanopore sensor chip. When a first group of nanopore cells is in a dark period and is not sampled or minimally sampled by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to capture useful data, a second group of nanopore cells is in a bright period during which output signals from the second group of nanopore cells are sampled by the analog-to-digital converter. The reference level setting of the ADC is dynamically changed based on the applied AC signals to fully utilize the dynamic range of the ADC.

Abstract: A method for determining the levels of biomarkers, specifically, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidation products (Ops) in a biological sample such as a plasma ultrafiltrate, is used to determine a patient's risk and/or rate of developing diabetes related nephropathy. The preferred biomarkers to measure include N?-(1-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL), methylglyoxyl-derived hydroimidazolone (MGHI) and N?-carboxymethyllysine (CML). Also provided herein is a method of diabetic care which includes determining a diabetic patient's risk of developing diabetes related kidney disease and adjusting the patient's treatment regimen to include in addition to glucose lowering agents, additional treatments such as medications that modify the renin-angiotensin system, or specialized diets with low levels of AGEs or oxidative products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for observing a magnetic field of a material volume, in particular for determining properties of a workpiece under, in particular, magnetic, mechanical, thermal, and/or electrical excitation of a material volume of the workpiece, wherein the magnetic field of the material volume is sensed as a function of time and of frequency with high frequency resolution.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for inspecting an elongated tube-like object. The apparatus comprises a body (1, 2) for moving along the elongated tube-like object by clamping the object; and a sensor frame (15, 15b, 15c) supporting one or more sensors (20) for measuring a state indication property. One or more one or more body-to-sensor-frame connections (39, 40, 43, 72b, 72c) connect the sensor frame (15, 15b, 15c) to the body (1, 2), wherein the one or more body-to-sensor-frame connections (39, 40, 43, 72b, 72c) are arranged to allow an adjustable relative position between the sensor frame and the body, while the sensor frame can position itself with respect to the tube.

Abstract: A detection system includes a first sensor configured to send a first ultrasonic pulse toward an object in a blowout prevention system. The first ultrasonic pulse has a first parameter. The detection system also includes a second sensor spaced from the first sensor and configured to send a second ultrasonic pulse toward the object. The second ultrasonic pulse has a second parameter that is different from the first parameter of the first ultrasonic pulse. The first parameter and the second parameter are one of an amplitude, a frequency, a duration, an emission time, and an excitation code. The second sensor is further configured to receive the first ultrasonic pulse after the first ultrasonic pulse interacts with the object. The detection system is configured to determine that the first ultrasonic pulse received by the second sensor was sent by the first sensor.

Abstract: Methods are provided for making, processing, and analyzing in situ measurements to indicate presence of thin bedding planes of weakness in a formation. Bedding planes as small as a few inches and smaller are identified using an ultrasonic borehole tool. In one embodiment, detected pseudo-Rayleigh waveforms are processed to determine whether multiple events are detected. If so, lamination and a likely bedding plane of weakness are identified. In another embodiment, a sonic borehole tool is run in conjunction with the ultrasonic borehole tool. Indications of shear and pseudo-shear wave speeds are compared, and where different, a bedding plane of weakness is identified. In another embodiment, a microresistivity imager is run with the ultrasonic borehole tool, and at locations where multiple events are not detected, the image obtained by the imager is inspected to find locations of sharp contrast with adjacent locations to thereby identify bedding planes of weakness.

Abstract: A method for inspecting a condition of an elongated load bearing member of a rope of a hoisting apparatus, such as an elevator includes ultrasound scanning one or more regions of the load bearing member with an ultrasonic scanner. A method for inspecting a condition of a rope of a hoisting apparatus, such as an elevator, which rope includes at least one load bearing member includes inspecting at least one load bearing member of the rope with an ultrasound scanner.

Abstract: Examples of collecting and analyzing acoustic data for condition assessment within a fluid distribution system are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a method for collecting and analyzing acoustic data for condition assessment within a fluid distribution system includes: receiving pipe segment criteria for a pipe segment, the pipe segment including a length of a pipe between a first computing node and a second computing node; determining a prediction of frequency content based on the pipe segment criteria; measuring an actual speed of sound for the pipe segment between the first computing node and the second computing node; and comparing the actual speed of sound and a theoretical speed of sound to calculate a predicted pipe degradation for the pipe segment.

Abstract: A method of determining one physicochemical parameter of a chemical agent in a fluid is provided the method comprising the steps of: providing a pressurized fluid of said chemical agent upstream of a dosing unit in a line; changing the opening condition of said dosing unit at a determinable time to to provide a dosing of said fluid or a change in the dosing of said fluid; determining the time, tp, at which the pressure wave in said line resulting from the pressure drop upon changing the opening condition of said dosing unit is detected at a known distance, d, from said dosing unit; determining the velocity of wave propagation from said time interval tp?to and said known distance, d; and deriving the physicochemical parameter of said chemical agent from said velocity of wave propagation. The invention also pertains to a system for determining the physicochemical parameter of a chemical agent in a fluid, operating according to the same method.

Abstract: Examples of receiving and analyzing data for predicting pipe attenuation within a fluid distribution system are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a method for receiving and analyzing data for predicting pipe attenuation within a fluid distribution system includes: receiving predetermined criteria for a specific pipe-soil combination; calculating attenuation data of the specific pipe-soil combination based on the predetermined criteria; employing the attenuation data to produce a colormap of sound attenuation; and determining a propagating distance for the specific pipe-soil combination based on the colormap and a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A method for checking completeness, in a first step, passes a first object to a measuring station, wherein the measuring station has at least one ultrasonic sensor that is fixed in place, and in a second step, measures the first object using ultrasound, wherein an image of the object is created by an artificial intelligence. In a third step, the artificial intelligence compares the image obtained with a reference image, wherein the reference image is derived from a predetermined, complete object.

Abstract: A significant reduction in extra-column band broadening can be achieved by decoupling the injection system from the main solvent flow line. In addition, by decoupling the injection system from the main solvent flow line, additional components (e.g., filters, valves, etc.) can be introduced into the chromatography system without increasing the negative band broadening effects. Systems and methods herein provide not only for such decoupling but also for filtering precipitates from the system. As a result, a larger volume of sample can be injected into the present systems without compromising separation yield. In addition, an increase the column loading per batch, an increase the overall yield of separations, and greater system efficiency (i.e., less time lost for cleaning and maintenance) can be realized.

Abstract: A sample pre-compression valve for liquid chromatography applications is described. The valve enables a sample pre-compression while the solvent pump continues to conduct solvent to the chromatography column. Furthermore, the sample pre-compression valve includes an INJECT position, a LOAD position and a PUMP PURGE position, in which all connecting grooves of the valve are flushed with liquid. A use of the sample pre-compression valve is described as part of a sampler for liquid chromatography applications.

Abstract: A sample injection method for liquid chromatography is performed with an injection valve having a waste port, two sample loop ports, and two high-pressure ports. One high-pressure port can be connected to a pump and the other high-pressure port can be connected to a chromatography column. A sample loop is connected to one of the sample loop ports on one end and to a pump volume of a sample conveying device on the other end. A section of the sample loop can be separated to facilitate receiving a sample fluid in the sample loop. A control unit controls the injection valve and the sample conveying device. The sample injector allows a sample to be loaded into the sample loop and then pressurized to an operating pressure prior to injecting the sample into the chromatography column. The sample loop may also be isolated from the operating pressure for facilitating depressurization of the loop.

Abstract: Described is a chromatographic column assembly that includes an outer tube comprising a metal, a first conduit disposed within the outer tube, a second conduit disposed within the outer tube, and a first joint located between the first conduit and the second conduit. The outer tube is deformed by a first uniform radial crimp at a longitudinal location along the outer tube that surrounds the first conduit on a first side of the first joint, and a second uniform radial cramp at a longitudinal location along the outer tube that surrounds the second conduit on a second side of the first joint. The first and second uniform radial cramps form a fluid-tight seal between the first conduit and the second conduit and each have a substantially flat base region over which a diameter of the outer tube is reduced for a non-zero longitudinal length.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for tracking all chemicals, including odors, a package is exposed to throughout the shipping process. A device is attached to the package or placed within the package to extract the chemicals that are in the surrounding environment to the device. The device can extract and concentrate volatile, semi-volatile and non-volatile chemicals that the device and the corresponding package are exposed to throughout the shipping process. The extracted chemicals may then be desorbed from the device and analyzed by an analytical instrumentation method.

Abstract: A system, a computer readable storage medium, and a method for automatically siting for air quality monitoring stations includes collecting from air quality monitoring stations air pollution concentration data, collecting from meteorological stations meteorological data, and interpolating, by the at least one or more processors, the air pollution concentration data to provide interpolated air pollution concentration data. The method and system can further cluster the interpolated air pollution concentration data and the meteorological data to provide clustered data and select a candidate site for an air monitoring station using the clustered data. The method and system can further evaluate a relationship of the air pollution concentration data with the meteorological data by weighting the air pollution data with the meteorological data.

Abstract: Methods and systems for endpoint detection of lyophilization processes are provided. A method for detecting an endpoint in a lyophilization process includes monitoring a total pressure of gases within a chamber containing a sample undergoing lyophilization and controlling a mass rate of flow of inert gas delivered to the chamber to replace water vapor removed from the chamber. The method further includes determining that sufficient water has been removed from the chamber based on total pressure and mass flow rate of inert gas being delivered.

Abstract: A method for determining properties of a hydrocarbon containing gas mixture, especially natural gas or biogas, comprising: allowing the gas mixture to flow through a measuring arrangement; determining a pressure- and temperature dependent viscosity measured value, an associated measured value of temperature and an associated pressure measured value of the flowing gas mixture; ascertaining a first value of a first variable, which characterizes the energy content of the flowing gas mixture, based on viscosity measured value, the associated measured value of temperature, and the associated pressure measured value, wherein the first variable characterizing the energy content is the Wobbe index or the calorific value of the flowing gas mixture, wherein the Wobbe index is preferable.

Abstract: Aqueous liquid which has been in contact with a subterranean geological formation, especially a hydrocarbon reservoir, is examined in order to detect or measure viscosifying polymer therein, by flowing a sample of the liquid through a constriction thereby causing extensional flow and alignment of any polymer molecules with the flow, and examining the solution for birefringence of aligned polymer molecules. The amount of birefringence is determined from intensity of light which has passed through the solution relative to intensity of the light source.

Abstract: A biological information measuring apparatus includes a light source that emits emission light with which a portion to be examined is to be irradiated, a photodetector that detects light returning from the portion to be examined, and an optical element that includes at least one lens and that is disposed in an optical path between the light source and the portion to be examined. At least one value selected from the group consisting of a thickness and a refractive index of the at least one lens varies along a first direction extending from a center portion of the at least one lens toward an outer edge portion, and the at least one value is locally minimum at the center portion and locally maximum at a first portion that lies between the center portion and the outer edge portion.

Abstract: Instruments, systems, and methods for measuring optical density of microbiological samples are provided. In particular, optical density instruments providing improved safety, efficiency, comfort, and convenience are provided. Such optical density instruments include a handheld portion and a base station. The optical density instruments may be used in systems and methods for measuring optical density of biological samples.

Abstract: The invention relates, in part, to systems and methods for scoring a sample containing tumor tissue from a cancer patient. The score is representative of a nearness between at least one pair of cells, a first member of the least one pair of cells expressing a first biomarker and a second member of the at least one pair of cells expressing a second biomarker that is different from the first biomarker. The score obtained from these methods can be indicative of a likelihood that a patient may respond positively to immunotherapy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for classifying a tissue sample obtained from mammary carcinoma. The method comprises determining a stiffness value for each of a plurality of points on said tissue sample, resulting in a stiffness distribution, and assigning said sample to a breast cancer subtype and nodal status based on said stiffness distribution.

Abstract: A biological sensing system, comprising a microelectrode array having a plurality of islands that are thermally isolated from each other and are interconnected by flexible nano-scale wires. An embedded complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) instrumentation amplifier and wireless communication circuitry may be operatively connected to the microelectrode array and embedded within input/output pads connected to the wires at the periphery of the array.

Abstract: A system for monitoring cell-substrate impedance of excitable cells and monitoring the beating cycle of cardiomyocytes, the system including: a device for monitoring cell-substrate impedance at 20 millisecond time resolution, the device having one or more wells on a nonconductive substrate, wherein at least one well of the one or more wells comprises an electrode array fabricated on the substrate for measurement of cell-substrate impedance at 20 millisecond time resolution; an impedance analyzer that measures cell-substrate impedance from the at least one well at 20 millisecond time resolution; electronic circuitry that electrically connects the electrode array from the at least one well to the impedance analyzer; and a software program that analyzes the measured cell-substrate impedance.