Abstract: A closure system (10) for the front end (11) of a horse rug (12) which holds together the sides (13, 14) of the horse rug (12) over the chest of a horse (indicated by reference numeral 15). The closure system (10) consists of a pair of opposed straps (16, 17), each strap (16, 17) being fixed to a respective side (13, 14) of the rug (12) at the front end (11) thereof, and a connector (18) to which each strap (16, 17) is attachable, the connector (18) being of a shape such that, in use, when the sides (13, 14) of the front end (11) of the rug (12) are brought together and the straps (16, 17) are attached to the connector (18), the connector (18) sits snugly against the horse's chest (at 15), which minimises the possibility of the closure becoming snagged by any obstacles.

Abstract: A spinnagle pet toy is taught which comprises at least three equally displace appendages projecting out from a central hub. The pet toy appendages may include weighted ends to facilitate angular rotation of the pet toy. The pet toy weighted ends may include cavities, but all preferably weighted equally.

Abstract: A handle assembly for a leash system includes an outer housing that defines a handle interior and an inner housing that is positioned within the handle interior. The leash system includes a tether. The outer housing can be substantially spherical. The inner housing selectively moves between unlocked and locked positions. When in the locked position, the inner housing inhibits movement of the tether relative to the handle assembly in a first direction but not in a second direction that is substantially opposite the first direction. The inner housing can be biased towards one of the unlocked and the locked position. The inner housing includes a tether engager that selectively engages the tether. The handle assembly includes an inner housing mover that is connected to the inner housing so that the inner housing mover moves the inner housing between the unlocked and the locked position.

Abstract: A pet chest strap with a mount includes a chest strap body and a hardware holder fixed and locked to the chest strap body. The hardware holder has a locking assembly and a connecting terminal child-and-mother seat; the chest strap body includes a flexible printed circuit component with plural LED luminous bodies attached onto the flexible printed circuit component and packaged with a resin; the LED luminous bodies are connected to the connecting terminal child-and-mother seat of the hardware holder through the flexible printed circuit component. The invention has the features of powerful function, simple structure, and reasonable design and uses a hardware holder to achieve the effect of combining different hardware components to improve the environmental adaptability of the product, so as to meet the using requirements for different occasions and environments.

Abstract: A pet collar with a latch mount includes a collar body in a ring shape and a hardware holder fixed and locked to the collar body. The hardware holder has a latching assembly and a connecting terminal child-and-mother seat; the collar body includes a flexible printed circuit component; the flexible printed circuit component has plural waterproof LED luminous bodies packaged by resin; the waterproof LED luminous body is connected to the connecting terminal child-and-mother seat of the hardware holder through the flexible printed circuit component. The invention has the features of powerful function, simple structure, and reasonable design and uses a hardware holder to achieve the effect of combining different hardware components to improve the environmental adaptability of the product, so as to meet the using requirements for different occasions and environments.

Abstract: A platform bird feeder is provided including a base platform with a seed tray, a baffle and a center pole having a bottom end connected the tray, the baffle being tiltably and adjustably mounted to the pole above the base. Preferably, the seed tray has a seed protecting grate to hinder squirrels from accessing the seed in the tray. The height of the baffle above the seed tray may be adjusted up and down to allow the user to increase and decrease the seed access space, respectively, between the baffle and the tray. When the baffle is at a desired height, it is secured in place by an adjustable securing mechanism that, while holding the baffle at the desired height, allows the baffle to tilt or wobble when sufficient weight is placed on one side of the baffle.

Abstract: An enclosure capable of supporting one or more phyla of living plants and organisms includes various panels that form the enclosure along with at one front door panel movable to provide access to the interior of the enclosure. A water inlet port is arranged in the top assembly. A drainage system is located on the bottom of the enclosure includes a sloped drainage panel, a sump, and a drain tube. The enclosure further includes an air circulation and ventilation system having the upper vent screen and a lower vent screen separable by a circulation distance that generates a chimney effect within the enclosure. The enclosure may also include a microfauna trough on top of the drainage panel.

Abstract: The present invention features a knock-in mouse comprising a mutation in an endogenous CRBN locus and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A fishing lure is provided with a lure body and a hook. The lure body includes a hook eye. The hook is coupled to the hook eye with a coupling ring. The hook includes a first hook and a second hook that are tied together with an expansible tie. Each of the first hook and the second hook has substantially a J-shape and has at least an upper end swingably engaged with the coupling ring.

Abstract: A guide member for a fishing line including an alumina ceramic including Ti and Al, a content of Ti being not less than 0.5 mass % in terms of TiO2, a content of Al being not less than 92 mass % in terms of Al2O3, and a main phase of the alumina ceramic being alumina crystals, wherein a content ratio of aluminas crystal with an aspect ratio of not less than 2 within the alumina crystals is not less than 15%.

Abstract: A fishing reel includes a regulating member, an operating lever, a first plate and a second plate. The operating lever includes a first through hole penetrated by the regulating member. The first plate includes a second through hole penetrated by the regulating member. The first plate is attached to one of the regulating member and the operating lever so as to be rotatable unitarily therewith. The second plate includes a third through hole penetrated by the regulating member. The second plate is attached to the other of the regulating member and the operating lever so as to be rotatable unitarily therewith. Additionally, the first plate includes a plurality of engaging recesses on a surface thereof opposed to the second plate. Moreover, the second plate includes three or more engaging protrusions, which are engaged with the engaging recesses, on a surface thereof opposed to the first plate.

Abstract: A slip sinker includes an elongated inner tubular weighted mass having a conical end for ease of threading a fishing line. Annularly disposed about the elongated inner tubular weighted mass is a casing shell that provides a level of buoyancy and which has a generally bulged, symmetrical, and cylindrical or oblong shape. The casing shell is a durable, buoyant, low-density element. The slip sinker has a shape and density which causes the sinker to be slow to sink, to land softly, to make less noise, and to avoid digging into bottom substrates. The disclosed slip sinker: does not easily tangle in weeds or other bottom substrates; starts to ascend immediately upon the line being tugged or reeled, such as to avoid dragging across the bottom of the body of water and/or catching on obstacles; and improves ease of casting, such as by allowing for improved control and farther casts.

Abstract: A system and method for retaining and storing selected items is disclosed. The system may include a first hub, a second hub, a gap between the first and second hubs, and first and second flanges formed of an elastomeric material. The first flange may connect to the first hub and extend away therefrom and into the gap. Similarly, the second flange may connect to the second hub and extend away therefrom and into the gap. An item to be stored may be inserted into the gap between the first and second hubs. This inserting may deflect the first and second flanges. The resilience of the first and second flanges may hold the item in place within the gap.

Abstract: A fishing line wheel provided with a fishing signal device, the fishing signal device comprises an electronic control portion, an alarm switch portion, and an alarm starting portion. The alarm starting portion comprises a mute ring lining (21), a mute ring (22), a reaction bird piece (23), a bird piece reset seat (24), and a reset seat spring (25). The reaction bird piece is a long body and comprises a mounting hole (231), a limiting hole (232), a mute ring clamping protrusion (233), and a spring catch (234). The mounting hole is a kidney-shaped hole. The mute ring clamping protrusion and the spring catch are located at two ends of the reaction bird piece respectively. The limiting hole is located between the mounting hole and the spring catch. In addition, a reset seat arc-shaped groove is formed in one side of the bird piece reset seat, and a spring placement hole is formed in the other side of the bird piece reset seat.

Abstract: A handheld lighting apparatus is disclosed having a top housing coupled to a first light source and an electrical grid configured to distribute a quantity of electricity to an object that contacts adjacent portions of the grid. The top housing is slidably mounted to a bottom housing having a cavity therein, the cavity being configured to receive the electrical grid assembly therein. The first light source emits light ranging from about 400 nm to about 720 nm in a first mode and light ranging from about 315 nm to about 400 nm in a second mode. A second light source is disposed about the bottom housing configured to propagate light in a direction that is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the lighting apparatus.

Abstract: A method for exterminating a target on a host using ultraviolet (UVC) light. The method includes providing a device configured for emitting UVC light for exterminating the target, selecting a host type from a plurality of host types for the target to be exterminated from, and selecting a target type from a plurality of target types for the target to be exterminated. The method further includes assigning an intensity and an exposure time of UVC light to exterminate the target, wherein the intensity and the exposure time are based at least in part on the host type selected and the target type selected, and wherein the intensity and exposure time together define an extermination program. The method further includes controlling the device to emit UVC light to exterminate the target according to the extermination program.

Abstract: An insecticide device including a frame; a first electrically conductor element and a second electrically conductor element associated with said frame and reciprocally positioned so as to define between them a region of space; a power voltage generator circuit, to which are connected the first electrically conductor element and the second electrically conductor element, predisposed to generate in said region of space an electric field of intensity able to kill the insects that cross it. The first electrically conductor element and the second electrically conductor element include at least one respective portion made of electrically conductive polymer material.

Abstract: A spray nozzle system includes a nozzle body and an adaptor coupled to the nozzle body. The adaptor has a first region and a second region angled at a non-zero angle relative to the first region. The spray nozzle system also includes a nozzle cap coupled to the second region of the adaptor. The nozzle cap includes a nozzle outlet to spray a liquid.

Abstract: The Anti-bird Perch Attachment for Signs (ABPAS) is a device designed to be attached to signs, of any width and length, which provide a platform for bird spikes to be attached to deter birds from perching on the sign. The ABPAS (claim) is a galvanized piece of sheet metal (18 inch×2.5 inch) bent at 90 degree angle to allow a platform for the attachment of bird spikes. The technical field is the deterrence of birds from public areas and airfields by restricting perching areas on signs to reduce bird populations (technical problem). The solution of the bird problem is to deter birds from perching on signs. The use of the invention is to attach the ABPAS to signs to deter birds from the designated area(s).

Abstract: A decoy retrieval system includes a decoy that is selectively thrown into a body of water thereby facilitating the decoy to float on the water. A retrieval unit is provided and the retrieval unit is selectively thrown into the body of water. The retrieval unit is comprised of a buoyant material to float on the water. Moreover, the retrieval unit is coupled to a retrieval line to be drawn out of the water. The retrieval unit has a plurality of hooks thereon to selectively engage the decoy. In this way the decoy may be retrieved from the water without requiring a user to enter the water.

Abstract: A cryogenic storage bag for preserving various biological specimens at low temperatures for sustained periods. The storage bag comprises a plurality of storage compartments and a plurality of frangible tabs. At least two of the plurality of frangible tabs connect each of the plurality of storage compartments to an adjacent storage compartment. Each of the plurality of frangible tabs includes at least one notch and a narrowest portion located equidistant from at least two adjacent storage compartments. The at least one notch connects to walls of the at least two adjacent storage compartments utilizing a joining portion of each of the plurality of frangible tabs. The plurality of frangible tabs enables separation of the plurality of storage compartments from one another at cryogenic temperatures while retaining an effective hermetic integrity to each of the plurality of storage compartments.

Abstract: A solid material adapted to kill bacteria in planktonic, spore and biofilm states is lethal toward a wide spectrum of gram positive and gram negative bacteria as well as other microbes. The solid material includes a significant amount of one or more surfactants entrained in a crosslinked polymeric network.

Abstract: The present application relates to a nanoparticle compositions and methods for targeted delivery of a bioactive agent to a plant. In one embodiment, the nanoparticle composition includes a coronatine-coated nanoparticle formulated to deliver one or more bioactive agent through plant stomata. A variety of bioactive agents may be included in the nanoparticles, including one or more bactericides, fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, miticides, nemanticides, molluscicides, herbicides, plant nutrients, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are microcapsules as core-shell-particles, including a polymeric shell, a method of making them, a dispersion of those microcapsules in a liquid medium and use thereof. The microcapsules include a core that contains a hydrophobic component.

Abstract: The invention discloses a fungicide preparation, which includes an extract and/or isolate of Galena Africana; and mono-propylene glycol as a solvent and/or SAS as surfactant and/or polysuganate as a mild anionic surfactant. The extract and/or isolate may be KB05. The preparation may include mono-propylene glycol as a solvent for KBO5 and if kept anhydrous, the KBO5 remains stable in the mixture. The mixture may act as a low hazard stable source of KBO5 that can be mixed with the desired anionic surfactant and water to make formulations suitable for various applications. The preparation may include SAS as surfactant for producing stable solutions/micro emulsions of KBO5 in combination with propylene glycol.

Abstract: Composition containing at least one substance that is not water-soluble and is solubilised in a sophorolipid, and at least water, and use thereof for cleaning hard surfaces and laundry, for killing plants, for combating insect pests, for combating fungus and mould proliferation, for combating gastropods, for combating moss, algae and lichen proliferation, for the cosmetics industry and for skin and hair care.

Abstract: A copolymer comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene units and vinylidene fluoride units, and methods of making the same. A method of preventing biofouling on an article of manufacture, comprising applying such copolymer to the article of manufacture. A process of preparing a surface having a surface energy of between about 20 and about 30 mJ/m2, comprising applying such a copolymer to a support. A method of preventing accumulation of ice on an article of manufacture, comprising applying such a copolymer to an article of manufacture. A method of preparing a polymer, comprising a step of adding trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene/vinylidene fluoride copolymer as a polymer processing additive/aid to said polymer.

Abstract: Wiping compositions are disclosed well suited for destroying various different microorganism very quickly. The wiping composition contains a tertiary alkyl amine biocide in combination with one or more other components. The wiping composition, for instance, may contain a pH adjustor, chelating agent, one or more surfactants, and water as a liquid carrier. In one embodiment, the composition can be formulated to contain various organic solvents that increase efficacy against mycobacteria. The wiping composition is particularly well suited to being impregnated into a disposable wipe.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel antimicrobial means which is effective against various types of fungi including pathogenic true fungi and phytopathogenic filamentous fungi. An antimicrobial agent against fungi according to the present invention comprises, as an effective ingredient, cyanoacrylate polymer particles having an average particle diameter of less than 1000 nm, which particles contain at least one selected from the group consisting of amino acids, amino acid derivatives, oligomers and polymers thereof, saccharides and polysorbates, and contain no antimicrobial active ingredient effective against the fungi. The antimicrobial agent is particularly useful as a control agent against plant diseases caused by filamentous fungi.

Abstract: Food processing equipment, food contact surfaces, and non-food contact surfaces are sanitized or disinfected using an acid-anionic surfactant solution that has efficacy in hard water, is non-corrosive, and is stable at elevated temperatures. The sanitizing/disinfecting solution is prepared as a highly concentrated liquid and diluted to end use concentrations prior to application to food processing equipment or food or non-food contact surfaces. Efficacy in hard water is important for sanitizers and disinfectants that are diluted by the end user using potentially hard water. Stability at elevated temperatures is important for long-term storage and transportation. The diluted sanitizing/disinfecting solution exhibits strong antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria even when diluted in hard water. The sanitizing/disinfecting solution exhibits low toxicity to humans and the environment since it is prepared from low toxicity ingredients that are readily biodegradable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for modifying an agricultural crop comprising treating the agricultural crop with a composition comprising a xyloglucan endotransglycosylase and (a) a polymeric xyloglucan and a functionalized xyloglucan oligomer comprising a chemical group; (b) a polymeric xyloglucan functionalized with a chemical group and a functionalized xyloglucan oligomer comprising a chemical group; (c) a polymeric xyloglucan functionalized with a chemical group and a xyloglucan oligomer; (d) a polymeric xyloglucan, and a xyloglucan oligomer; (e) a polymeric xyloglucan functionalized with a chemical group; (f) a polymeric xyloglucan; (g) a functionalized xyloglucan oligomer comprising a chemical group; or (h) a xyloglucan oligomer, or (a-h) without a xyloglucan endotransglycosylase, in a medium under conditions leading to a modified agricultural crop possessing an improved property compared to the unmodified agricultural crop.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel oxadiazoles of the formula I, or the N-oxides and/or their agriculturally useful salts and to their use for controlling phytopathogenic fungi, or to a method for combating phytopathogenic harmful fungi, which process comprises treating the fungi or the materials, plants, the soil or seeds to be protected against fungal attack, with an effective amount of at least one compound of the formula I, or an N-oxide, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof; the present invention also relates to agrochemical compositions comprising at least one such compound of the formula I and to agrochemical compositions further comprising seeds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel oxadiazoles of the formula I, or the N-oxides and/or their agriculturally useful salts and to their use for controlling phytopathogenic fungi, or to a method for combating phytopathogenic harmful fungi, which process comprises treating the fungi or the materials, plants, the soil or seeds to be protected against fungal attack, with an effective amount of at least one compound of the formula I, or an N-oxide, or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof; the present invention also relates to mixtures comprising at least one such compound of the formula I and at least one further pesticidally active substance selected from the group consisting of herbicides, safeners, fungicides, insecticides, and plant growth regulators; and to agrochemical compositions comprising at least one such compound of the formula I and to agrochemical compositions further comprising seeds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to herbicidal compositions comprising an isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine and at least one further compound selected from herbicidally active compounds and, if desired, safeners. The present invention also relates to the use of such a composition for controlling unwanted vegetation and to a method for controlling unwanted vegetation, which comprises allowing a composition to act on plants, their seeds and/or their habitat.

Abstract: Provided is a pyribencarb aqueous suspension agrochemical composition which contains an adjuvant for reinforcing the efficacy of pyribencarb, and which is capable of preventing a pharmaceutical preparation from becoming highly viscous or solidified and capable of providing a sufficient controlling effect with a small amount of pyribencarb. The aqueous suspension agrochemical composition includes: pyribencarb which is an agrochemically active component; an adjuvant for pyribencarb, which is one or more compounds selected from polyoxyalkylene siloxanes, polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymers, and polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers; a nonionic-anionic surfactant which is a polyoxyalkylene aryl ether sulfuric acid salt and/or a polyoxyalkylene aryl ether phosphoric acid salt; and water.

Abstract: A safener containing herbicidal oil dispersion. An oil dispersion is described containing a base oil, an herbicide composition including a comprising flucarbazone sodium and/or fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, an herbicidal safener comprising cloquintocet-mexyl, and a carrier comprising an alkyl benzoate. The dispersion demonstrates enhanced dilution, and high and low temperature stability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved ophthalmic solutions that employ select B vitamins; pyridoxine and its salts; and thiamine and its salts in order to more effectively preserve solutions and to reduce the degree to which cationic preservatives will deposit on contact lenses. Ophthalmic solutions are here understood to include contact lens treatment solutions, such as cleaners, soaking solutions, conditioning solutions and lens storage solutions, as well as wetting solutions and in-eye solutions for treatment of eye conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition including a polymer nanoparticle and at least one agricultural active compound incorporated with the nanoparticle, wherein the nanoparticle are less than 100 nm in diameter, and the polymer includes a polyelectrolyte.

Abstract: A quaternary ammonium sulfonamide compound of formula (I): wherein R=(II), C1-C3 linear or branched alkyl, R1 and R2 are the same or different and selected from C1 to C18 linear or branched alkyl, R3 and R4 are the same or different and selected from C1 to C4 linear or branched alkyl, CF3, OR5 where R5 is C1 to C8 linear or branched alkyl or polyethylene oxide, l is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, m is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17, n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18, wherein the aryl groups of R may be substituted or unsubstituted, X=halogen, and Y=(III) wherein R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are the same or different and selected from C1 to C6 linear or branched alkyl and the benzophenone is selected from the group consisting of substituted benzophenone and unsubstituted benzophenone, process for preparing the compound and antimicrobial surface coating compositions of the compound.

Abstract: A method of making an antimicrobial poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/silver nanocomposite comprising PMMA and silver nanoparticles. The method includes reacting at least one silver salt with a methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer in at least one organic solvent free of water and in the presence of at least one organic free radical initiator to polymerize the MMA monomer to form the PMMA by free radical polymerization while reducing in-situ the silver salt to form the silver nanoparticles, wherein the silver nanoparticles have an average particle size of 35-60 nm, and wherein the PMMA forms a matrix that encloses the silver nanoparticles.

Abstract: A composition comprising a silica-based nanobead having its surface functionalized by a moiety selected from moieties that are reactive to and combine with a fouling layer on a material surface.

Abstract: Nematode dispersal is one of the key features for success as a biocontrol agent. Currently, commercially available nematodes do not disperse sufficiently when they are applied to a field. Since the insect target is mobile, nematodes need to be actively moving and seeking an insect host. We developed a pheromone extract from nematode growth medium that disperses nematodes. This extract was unstable in liquid form. We have found that the extract can be dried to retain activity during storage or shipment. Exposing nematodes to pheromone extract before they are applied to a field activates them to disperse and seek a new host. This exposure needs to be at least 20 min. When nematodes are actively seeking a new host this increases nematode insect encounter and increases insect mortality leading to increased effectiveness of insect nematodes as biological control agents.

Abstract: A biocide composition that provides an organic and food grade biocide to serve as an insecticide, moldicide and fungicide. The biocide composition consists of honey; acetylsalicylic acid; polysaccharide; guar gum; bee propolis; decylglucoside; and water. The crystallization of the honey is central to the effectiveness of the biocide composition. The biocide composition is safe, 100% organic, environmentally friendly, and pesticide free. Thus, the biocide composition enables a process of keeping infestations under control without the use of dangerous chemicals. The composition is formulated through generally known analytical chemistry that includes a series of mixing, heating, crystallization, dilutions, and finally liquefying into a usable form for dispersion. The biocide composition kills rapidly and leaves a protective barrier behind when applied in a mist to the walls and surfaces of the plant.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to press systems and methods for forming pliable material, such as dough, into a specifically-designed shape for allowing hand-stretching of the pliable material after pressed by the press system. In some examples, the press system may be manually operated, automatically or hydraulically assisted, and/or mechanically assisted. The press assembly of the press systems disclosed herein may include a press mold having a contoured or multifaceted shape designed to form a finished dough, such as a pizza crust, having a thicker central portion, a relatively thinned intermediate portion, and a thicker edge portion at a perimeter of the pizza crust.

Abstract: A food product is coated by applying a first coating to an exterior of the food product with a first depositor. Next, the food product is located in a dough proofer. Then, a second coating is applied to the exterior of the food product with a second depositor. Afterwards, the food product is baked in an oven. Optionally, prior to applying the first coating, a tacking agent is applied to the exterior of the food product with a third depositor. In a preferred embodiment, multiple coatings of a combination sugar and cinnamon are applied to filled dough products.

Abstract: A crisp meat chip and method and system for making such a meat chip, the meat chip having rippled opposed surfaces, the method including creating a meat log, cooking the meat log, cooling the cooked meat log degrees Fahrenheit, deep chilling the meat log, slicing the meat log into rippled meat slices, drying the meat slices using an air impingement oven and cooling the dried meat slices.

Abstract: Improved methods for treating agricultural commodities with ozone are disclosed. The methods include treating the commodity with humid ozone to effectively treat the commodity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing dairy products with the addition of essential oils. The products obtained have features that improve the defense of the human organism. For the preparation of the products, milk is pasteurized, culture is added and the product is fermented appropriately. Thereafter, it is strained, as required, and the selected essential oils are added. If the product to be obtained is cheese, then curing of the product is effected as required. In an alternative embodiment of the method, the essential oils may be added in the starting material, immediately after milk pasteurization.

Abstract: A method for forming a modified micellar casein concentrate includes providing a volume of skim milk. The method further includes performing a first filtration process on the volume of skim milk to form a micellar casein concentrate. The method includes mixing carbon dioxide with at least a portion of the micellar casein concentrate to solubilize one or more components of the micellar casein concentrate. The method includes performing an additional filtration process on the mixture of carbon dioxide and micellar casein concentrate to remove at least a portion of the one or more solubilized components of the micellar casein concentrate to form a modified micellar casein concentrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a liquid dairy concentrate, the method comprising: mixing cream and micro-filtered milk to form a liquid dairy ingredient, wherein the liquid dairy ingredient has a fat content of at least 30 wt % and a fat to protein ratio of from 5:1 to 15:1 by weight; concentrating the liquid dairy ingredient by ultrafiltration and, optionally, diafiltration to obtain a concentrated liquid dairy ingredient as a retentate; adding sucrose and/or trisodium citrate to form a modified retentate; adding one or more further ingredients to the modified retentate to form a liquid dairy concentrate; cooling the liquid dairy concentrate to at most 8° C.; filling the cooled liquid dairy concentrate into a beverage container; and sealing and retorting the liquid dairy concentrate in the beverage container.