Abstract: Disclosed herein are lamp covers used to change the appearance of a lamp. The lamp covers may be slid over an existing lamp without contacting a lamp or light. Also disclosed herein are TV covers used to change the appearance of a TV. The TV covers are easily placed on the front of a TV (such as on the frame of a TV) and removed therefrom as desired by a user.

Abstract: An optic can manage light emitted by a light emitting diode. The optic can comprise a backside that faces the light emitting diode and a front side opposite the backside. The front side can be convex. The backside can have a central region that is adjacent the light emitting diode and that is either concave or convex. One or more grooves can extend peripherally about the central region. An injection molding system can produce optics in which the backside comprises the concave central region as well as optics in which the backside comprises the convex central region. The molding system can utilize one molding member shaped according to the front side of the optic. That molding member can be compatible with two other molding members that are shaped according to the different backsides of the optic. Thus, two different optic forms can be produced with three molding members.

Abstract: Devices and methods for uniform illumination of a target surface are disclosed. A device assembly has a light source configured to be coupled to a mounting surface, and at least one reflector. The reflector is configured to be coupled to at least one of the light source or the mounting surface, and interposed between the light source and the mounting surface, the reflector having a reflective surface area and a plurality of curved reflective segments. The reflector is shaped and arranged relative to the light source such that the reflector directly intercepts and reflects a portion of light emitted by the light source to the target surface to thereby cause substantially uniform illumination of the target surface. The target surface has a surface area that is greater than the reflective surface area of the at least one reflector.

Abstract: When a phosphor layer formed of a small-gap phosphor plate is used, color irregularity of illumination light emitted from a light-emitting device is reduced. The light-emitting device (100) which emits laser light (L1) as part of illumination light includes a semiconductor laser (10a to 10c) which emits the laser light (L1), which is visible light, a phosphor layer (1a) formed of a small-gap phosphor plate which emits a fluorescence (L2) upon reception of the laser light (L1) emitted from the semiconductor laser (10a to 10c), and an excitation light distribution control unit (1b) which controls light distribution of the laser light (L1) and guides the laser light (L1) to inside of the phosphor layer (1a). The small-gap phosphor plate is a phosphor plate in which a gap that is present inside has a width equal to or longer than 0 nm and equal to or shorter than one tenths of a wavelength of the laser light (L1).

Abstract: Optical lens and light emitting device designs achieve uniform light distribution without producing a light “hot spot”, with a benefit of reducing the number of light sources needed and overall cost for direct-lit backlight device. The optical lens includes coating portions or structures on the bottom surface thereof, and a backlight device, or other light emitting device, incorporating said lens, to produce a uniform distribution of light at a target surface. The disclosed lens and light emitting device are particularly useful when an extremely wide transfer function of backlight is needed.

Abstract: Lighting applications which are particularly difficult to light because of “non-standard” target area characteristics or the like would benefit from advancements in lighting design. That being said, conventional wisdom in lighting design has reached a point of diminishing returns in terms of beam control. Envisioned is an LED lighting system designed for precision lighting insomuch that—as compared to state-of-the-art LED lighting fixtures—sharpness of cutoff is improved while in at least some cases simultaneously allowing a steeper cutoff without undesirable beam shift. Furthermore, overall beam dimensions can be tailored fixture-to-fixture for an application without replacing an entire optic system or designing an entirely new fixture, and control of intensity distribution is improved (e.g., by avoiding striations at the edge of beam patterns). Said envisioned LED lighting system employs a number of materials not used in conventional LED lighting systems in novel ways to achieve the aforementioned.

Abstract: A zoom optical system and automated luminaire are provided. The zoom optical system includes a light source, a compensator lens group, a variator lens group, and an objective lens group. The light source illuminates an object located in an object plane. The compensator lens group is optically coupled to the object, has a first positive optical power, and moves relative to the object plane. The variator lens group is optically coupled to the compensator lens group, has a negative optical power, and moves relative to the object plane and the compensator group. The objective lens group is optically coupled to the variator lens group, has a second positive optical power, remains in a fixed position relative to the object plane, and projects an image of the object.

Abstract: A modular lighting strip mounting system provides for modular linear and curved lighting solutions. The system can generally comprise a bracket that is designed/configured to hold an LED lighting product and allows a user to mount the bracket with LED product to entertainment stages, platforms, risers, etc. relatively quickly and easily. Several different mounting embodiments are provided allowing lighting strips to be quickly secured to stages as well as to truss structures.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide a light emitting diode (LED) lighting fixture and methods of installing the same. In various embodiments, an LED lighting fixture may comprise: at least one socket comprising a socket opening; at least one LED positioned substantially within the socket opening; at least one shield member positioned adjacent the at least one socket such that the shield substantially encloses the socket opening; at least one decorative light shade; at least one cover comprising a neck portion having an internal surface, the internal surface defining a cover opening. The cover opening is configured to receive there-through at least a portion of a socket and substantially engage the socket. At least a portion of the cover is configured to substantially engage the decorative light shade. Also, at least a portion of the cover is configured to substantially enclose the LED and shield.

Abstract: A light module, comprising: a support comprising at least one first surface called a separating surface and at least one organic light-emitting diode comprising a first light-emitting part, a connecting part or means for attaching the diode to the support and an electrical connector or means for electrically 10 connecting the diode. The means for attaching the diode and the electrical connector or means for electrically connecting the diode are borne by a part of this diode, called a connecting part. Additionally, the separating surface of the support delimits a light-scattering area into which the first light-emitting part of the diode extends, and separates this light-scattering area from a 15 masked area, into which connecting part of the diode extends, such that the connecting part is occulted by the separating surface of the support.

Abstract: A modular illumination assembly provides at least one elongated light emitting diode lamp that joins other light emitting diode lamps in parallel series, through connecting junction boxes. The lamp comprises a shield that at least partially covers the lamp to directionally guide the emanated light in a desired direction. A pair of lamp holders provide circuitry and a switch for operation of the lamp. The lamp holders also comprise an adjustable retention member to fasten the termini of the lamp to restrict lateral slippage by the lamp. The lamp holders also comprise an anchor to receive a cable for hanging the light emitting diode lamp. The junction box forms an elongated ridge, and the lamp holder forms an elongated slot. The ridge and the slot slidably engage to enable detachable attachment between the junction box and the lamp holder, so as to connect multiple lamps in a parallel arrangement.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus has a first longitudinal light source section that includes a first substrate and a second substrate on which a plurality of light sources are arranged in a line in the longitudinal direction, and a second longitudinal light source section that includes a third substrate and a fourth substrate on which a plurality of light sources are arranged in a line in the longitudinal direction. The first longitudinal light source section and the second longitudinal light source section are arranged side by side in the short direction. The plurality of light sources on the first longitudinal light source section and the plurality of light sources on the second longitudinal light source section are displaced from each other in the longitudinal direction of the first longitudinal light source section and the second longitudinal light source section.

Abstract: A portable light holding apparatus comprising a body comprising a light and an attachment arrangement that is non-reliant on the body comprising the light for attachment functioning, wherein the attachment arrangement is usable in a front position mode, and in a reverse position mode, wherein the body comprising the light is adjustable in angle relative to the attachment arrangement.

Abstract: A mixer carriage for an audio, video and/or lighting control console contains a tray body with a tray surface and a coupler for movable coupling to the audio and/or video and/or lighting control console, so that the mixer carriage is moveable relative to a user interface of the audio, video and/or lighting control console. The tray body has at least one lighting device on it for illuminating the tray surface.

Abstract: A light assembly with a light fixture and a rotatable mounting assembly. The mounting assembly includes a base that has a mounting flange with a cradle attached thereto that has an inner race with a curved surface and a plurality of teeth projecting radially inward. A stanchion is mounted adjacent to the cradle and has an axle extending laterally outward therefrom over the cradle. The axle has a center axis that is coaxial with a radial axis of the inner race. A light mount rotatably mounted to the base. The light mount includes a fixture bracket that is attached to the light fixture. The light mount includes a mount frame with an outer race that has a curved surface, and a hub mounted to the axle with an axis that is coaxial with a radial axis of the outer race and the axle axis.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) sensor including a first LED device disposed on a support and configured to emit a radiation, and a second LED device disposed on the support and configured to receive the emitted radiation. A structure is formed on the support, the first LED device, and the second LED device. The structure defines a contoured surface. A material is located adjacently to the contoured surface, wherein the material includes a property adapted to reflect the emitted radiation from the first LED to the second LED. The structure includes an ellipsoid and the contoured surface defines an ellipsoidal surface. First and second foci are defined by the ellipsoid, wherein emitted radiation from the first LED device converges at the first foci and the second foci and is reflected to the second LED device. The device is configured to determine a temperature or a chemical property of an analyte.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a connector device for an illumination apparatus and an illumination apparatus comprising this connector device. The connector device comprises a stationary element for connecting to the illumination apparatus, a first movable element for connecting to a power supply, a second movable element rotatably connected to the stationary element, and a locking element arranged between the stationary element and the second movable element, wherein rotation of the second movable element in a first direction drives the locking element to release locking of the second movable element, and when the second movable element continues to be rotated in the first direction and drives the first movable element to rotate together, rotation of the first movable element enables the locking element to release locking of the first movable element.

Abstract: A lighting device comprising at least one light source (4) adapted for, in operation, emitting light, a heat sink element (3) comprising a first part (31) on which the at least one light source is arranged and a second part (32), the second part comprising a plurality of ribs (341, 342, 343, 344) extending from the first part, and a cover element (2) comprising an outer surface (21) adapted for forming a light exit surface of the lighting device, the cover element (2) comprising a first plurality of grooves (231, 232, 233) comprising a V-shaped cross-section and being provided in the outer surface of the cover element, the cover element being arranged such as to extend over the heat sink element in such a way that the first plurality of grooves extends over the plurality of ribs of the second part of the heat sink element.

Abstract: A lamp assembly adapted to cast shadow-free illumination over an area. Typically, a lamp assembly includes a plurality of light modules that are disposed in a spaced apart relationship over an area. Desirably, the lamp assembly is arranged to aim the light output of each module for overlapping summation on a target footprint. Modules generally each include a LED light source, a collimating lens disposed at a distal end of the mirror, and a tube disposed between the LED and the collimating lens.

Abstract: A recessed LED light fixture without need for a bulky, finned, metal heat sink. The recessed LED light fixture includes a Metal Core Printed Circuit Board (MCPCB) holding an array of LEDs that are arrange at the center thereof, and mounted to the printed circuit board using patterns of electrical and greases used to conduct a current and radiate heat. A mounting bracket holds the entire assembly for the light fixture together while spacing the LED driver and printed circuit board apart for further cooling, and wherein the upper side of the printed circuit board is exposed to the ambient air inside the housing.

Abstract: A gas-free light bulb device has a lamp head, heatsink, a bulb, a glass core column, multiple filament assemblies, and a resilient extending element. The heatsink is mounted on the lamp head and has a mounting slot and a driver circuit board mounted in the mounting slot. The bulb is mounted on the heatsink and has a cavity. The glass core column is mounted in the mounting slot. The filament assemblies are mounted on the glass core column. The resilient extending element is mounted on the glass core and has a resilient rubber sleeve mounted around the glass core column and multiple resilient extending rubber bars connected respectively to the filament assemblies. When the gas-free light bulb device is operated with rising temperature, the resilient rubber sleeve is heated and loosened to slide upward and drive the filament assemblies to contact the bulb to effectively dissipate heat.

Abstract: A lighting system for use with outdoor power equipment, particularly with snowthrowers. The lighting system includes at least one downward-projecting lighting device coupled to the outdoor power equipment. The at least one downward-projecting lighting device may be configured to project light in at least a downward direction toward one or more of the following: a rear operator area, a right-side illumination area, and a left-side illumination area. The lighting system may also include at least one power source coupled to the at least one lighting device to provide electrical power to the at least one lighting device.

Abstract: There is disclosed an illuminated cable comb including a body incorporating at least two openings for removably retaining a corresponding at least two cables in a fixed position relative to the body. The comb further includes a light source within the body, and conductive material within the body capable of transmitting power to the at least one light such that the at least one light illuminates the body when power is supplied.

Abstract: The contemplated system allows users to engage in a recording activity with studio quality light. Because the system is portable and easily deployable, the system can be carried to and quickly set up by the user in any location where the recording will occur. The system includes a lighting instrument that can be installed on the display with the web camera exposed. The lighting instrument includes a light source configuration that can reduce lens flare. The system allows for operation as a dock station when not deployed. The contemplated method allows users to operate the system. The method helps the user achieve the optimal light intensity and angle for the recording area with reduced time and efforts. The method may consider distance, ambient light, location of the subject and other factors in its determination. The method allows users to further adjust the intensity and angle if necessary.

Abstract: A method of heat recovery from bulk solids includes introducing the bulk solids into an inlet of a heat exchanger for indirect heat exchange with water as the bulk solids flow, by gravity, from the inlet to an outlet of the heat exchanger, pumping the water into subcritical heating heat transfer elements within the heat exchanger for indirect heat exchange with the bulk solids to heat the water and thereby provide heated, pressurized water, and flashing off steam from the heated, pressurized water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flexible lance for machining or inspecting a tubesheet of a boiler, having a first strip made of a flexible, metallic material and a second strip made of a flexible, metallic material, wherein the second strip is arranged on the first strip in the longitudinal direction, and wherein at least the second strip has a shaped portion extending in the longitudinal direction for receiving a supply line for a machining or inspection head arranged at the free end of the flexible lance, and wherein the first strip is connected to the second strip such that an open side of the shaped portion is covered by the first strip so as to form a guide channel, and wherein at least one edge region of the flexible lance, extending in the longitudinal direction, is formed only by the first strip or the second strip.

Abstract: A gas burner with multiple rings of flames, suitable for mounting on a top plate of a cooking appliance in particular for household use. The top plate extends substantially in a plate plane. The gas burner includes a central burner having a ring of peripheral flames and at least one annular burner having at least one ring of peripheral flames. The annular burner surrounds the central burner. The gas burner also includes a burner body suitable for attachment to the top plate. The burner body includes at least a first gas inlet communicating with a first gas injector situated facing a first convergent-divergent pipe forming a Venturi tube. The first pipe has an axis substantially parallel to said plate plane. The first pipe extends over at least the greater portion of a transverse extension of the burner body. The first pipe is, at its end opposite to the first gas injector, in communication with a shaft substantially perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe.

Abstract: A modular octagon burner has a plurality of fuel manifold modules. Each of the fuel manifold modules have a mounting flange on each end that angles inwardly to permit the fuel manifold modules to form an octagon when connected together. Inner and outer mixing plates are connected to the fuel manifold modules and to one another to form a combustion region.

Abstract: A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

Abstract: A grate block for a combustion grate, wherein consecutive grate blocks are arranged in a staircase and are designed to rearrange and convey the combustible material during combustion through pushing motions. The grate block includes a block body, an upper wall forming a supporting surface, and an extension parallel to a longitudinal axis L of the body. The supporting surface drops into a pushing surface formed by a front wall, which has at least one air supply opening for supplying air to the combustion grate, which extends at a right angle or slant to the pushing surface. In the lowest region of the front wall, formed as a foot, which lays on the supporting surface of a grate block, is adjacent in the pushing direction. The front resting edge of the pushing surface is arranged in a plane E extending at a right angle to the longitudinal axis L.

Abstract: Device (10) for injecting powders into a furnace pipe (500), comprising a chamber (230) connected to a peripheral pipe (220) and, on the other hand, to the said furnace pipe via the said peripheral pipe (220), which comprises a first part (221) of diameter DP1, and a second part (222) of diameter DP2, having a downstream end (222a) and intended to be in communication with the furnace pipe, and a powder conveying pipe (120) which has a diameter DT and a downstream end (121), characterized in that the second part of the peripheral pipe has a length L?the diameter (DP2) of the second part of the peripheral pipe, and in that the diameter (DT) and the diameter (DP2) are connected by the relationship 0<DP2?DT<½ DT.

Abstract: A method is provided for heating a furnace arranged with a heating zone heated with a burner providing a flame extending in a longitudinal direction and fed with a fuel and a primary oxidant, the burner is operated with a mass relationship between the fed fuel and primary oxidant permitting less than 50% of the fed fuel to be combusted using the primary oxidant, and a respective pair of secondary oxidant lances are provided one either side of the furnace pointing into the heating zone, lancing a secondary oxidant into the heating zone downstream of the burner substantially parallel with a cross plane, such that a temperature is measured downstream of the lances and that each of the lance pairs includes an upstream, low-speed first and a downstream, high-speed second lance, wherein the amount of secondary oxidant supplied via the first lance is regulated to achieve a homogenous lateral temperature profile. A related furnace is also provided.

Abstract: A current discharge probability of a flame sensor is calculated based on the number of drive pulses applied to the flame sensor and the number of discharges determined to have occurred in the flame sensor after receiving the drive pulses. Degradation indices (degradation progress and remaining lifetime) indicating the current degradation state of the flame sensor are calculated based on the calculated current discharge probability of the flame sensor.

Abstract: A turbine injection system for a gas turbine engine includes a first end operable to receive air from a heat exchanger, a second end operable to distribute mixed cooling air to a turbine stage, an opening downstream of said first end and a mixing plenum downstream of said first end and said opening. The opening provides a direct fluid pathway into said turbine injection system.

Abstract: Combustor assemblies and methods for assembling combustor assemblies are provided. For example, a combustor assembly comprises an annular inner liner and an annular outer linear, each extending generally along an axial direction. The outer liner includes an outer flange extending forward from its upstream end. The combustor assembly also comprises a combustor dome extending between an inner liner upstream end and the outer liner upstream end and including an inner flange extending forward from a radially outermost end of the combustor dome. The inner liner, outer liner, and combustor dome define a combustion chamber therebetween, and the combustor dome and a portion of the outer liner together define an annular cavity of the combustion chamber. The inner and outer flanges define an airflow opening therebetween, and a chute member is positioned within the airflow opening to define an air chute for providing a flow of air to the annular cavity.

Abstract: A combination grill and fire pit heating device. The combination heating device having a grilling mode that is easily converted into a fire pit mode by adjustment of an orientation of the device.

Abstract: A fireplace cavity insert provides still and video images appearing to emanate from within the insert.

Abstract: A fireplace with a removable door includes a hemispherically shaped firebox with a flat, sloped front face with an opening therethrough to allow access to the firebox, with a protruding lip extending along the lower edge of the flat front face beneath the opening. A removable glass panel door positioned against the flat front face and supported on the protruding lip covers the front opening. A latching mechanism secures the door against the front face by rotating an extending arm to engage against the interior side of the front face. Alternative embodiments having a mesh screen door, a vent in the firebox, a grate integrated into the firebox, and an eccentrically positioned chimney with a damper are also described.

Abstract: An electric fireplace that is configured to look more realistic, i.e. more like a traditional wood-burning fireplace, includes a grate and an emberbed. The grate has a substantially horizontally-oriented middle section. The emberbed is positioned substantially directly below the middle section of the grate. Additionally, the emberbed is positioned spaced apart from the grate by a bed gap. The bed gap can be between approximately one-half inch and four inches. Additionally, the emberbed can be selectively coupled to the grate.

Abstract: A cooking appliance, in particular a commercial cooking appliance, with a housing, in which a cooking chamber is arranged, which has a cooking chamber opening, which can be opened and closed using a cooking chamber door; with an optical system, which has at least one optical capturing device above the cooking chamber opening; and with a protection against contamination for the optical system, wherein the protection against contamination has a catching surface, which can be moved using a drive unit and which, seen in the capturing direction of the optical system, is arranged in front thereof.

Abstract: A home appliance having a support device configured to prevent the home appliance from falling. A home appliance includes a body having an openable front surface, and a support device having a bracket configured to be coupled to the body, and a foot configured to support the body by being coupled to the bracket, wherein the foot is provided such that a point of support supporting the body by making contact with the ground, is formed in one end portion of the foot.

Abstract: A hob apparatus includes a heating region for placement and heating of a cooking container. A dynamic display unit provides an identification of the heating region in an operating mode, and a control unit selects an identifying property of the identification of the heating region in the operating mode, depending on an operating parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pan support device (10) for a gas burner assembly (16) of a gas cooking hob. The pan support device (10) comprises a support part (12) and a frame part (14). The support part (12) forms an upper part of the pan support device (10), while the frame part (14) forms a lower part of said pan support device (10). The support part (12) is provided for supporting a bottom of a cooking utensil. The frame part (14) is provided for being arranged around the gas burner assembly (16). The support part (12) and the frame part (14) form a single-piece part. The frame part (14) is made of a light metal alloy. The support part (12) is made of a cast metal alloy or a metal matrix composite system. Further, the present invention relates to a gas burner assembly (16) with a pan support device (10). Moreover, the present invention relates to a gas cooking hob.

Abstract: A movable cooking appliance comprises a structure which is adapted to be placed on a kitchen worktop appliance or inside a cooking oven appliance and includes a heating element and releasable connector assembly for making electrical connection with power supply connectors. The heating element is an induction heating element and an electronic driving unit is mounted on the appliance. The releasable connector assembly comprising a plug connector having a plurality of terminals designed in order to provide a disconnection signal to the electronic unit before the power supply connectors are fully extracted.

Abstract: A commercial cooking equipment exhaust hood system includes a hood structure including an inlet opening to an exhaust flow path through the hood. A filter unit is positioned along the exhaust flow path. An electrostatic precipitator unit is downstream of the filter unit. The electrostatic precipitator includes an ionizing section upstream of a collecting section. The ionizing section includes a plurality of ionizing flow paths having side profile patterns that vary in width between at least one wide section and at least one narrow section. The collecting section includes a plurality of collecting flow paths with side profile patterns of substantially uniform width and a repeating undulating side profile pattern. A UV light source may also be provided within the hood, with a controller operatively connected to control the UV light source via a dimmer to enable selective production various UV levels.

Abstract: A smoke exhaust hood apparatus having a heater for cooking food according to the present invention comprises: a suction part for suctioning smoke generated at a cooking part; an exhaust pipe through which the smoke suctioned by the suction part is transferred; and a heater assembly disposed at one side of the outside of one of the exhaust pipe and the suction part, the heater assembly radiating heat from above the cooking part. The apparatus has a heater installed at a lower portion adjacent to the suction part of the smoke exhaust hood apparatus installed above a food, so as to heat the food from above, and thus can assist food cooking or can quickly cook a tasty food.

Abstract: A cooking appliance for cooking food or other items is provided. The cooking appliance may include a main body having a cooking chamber; a fan cover provided on a back surface and forming an accommodation space separated within the cooking chamber, the fan cover having a suction port at a front of the fan cover and at least one exhaust port at a side of the fan cover; a heating element provided in the accommodation space to generate heat; a convection fan that generates an air circulation flow in the cooking chamber; and at least one guide vane, provided between a side surface of the cooking chamber and the at least one exhaust port, that guides a flow of air so that air discharged toward the side surface through the at least one exhaust port flows toward a front of the cooking chamber.

Abstract: Fan for ovens, which comprises a support plate and multiple blades projectingly fixed on the support plate and arranged around the rotation axis of the fan. Each blade is provided with a rear edge fixed to the support plate, with an external edge and with an internal edge placed to connect between the rear edge and the external edge and facing the front side of the fan. The fan also comprises a ring fixed to the blades, positioned in a position substantially intermediate between the internal edge of the blades and the support plate in order to create a non-interference zone.

Abstract: A liquid heating system includes an instantaneous heater (18) having an inlet (20) connected to a reservoir (62). The outlet (22) of the heater is connected to fixtures (72) which use the heated liquid, and is also connected through a return connection (30) to the reservoir. In an idle mode, a pump 40 draws liquid from the reservoir (62), so that the liquid circulates through the heater and back to the reservoir. A controller (52) actuates the heater to heat the liquid to a first setpoint temperature, so that the liquid in the reservoir stabilizes at the first setpoint temperature. In a supply mode, some or all of the heated liquid flows from the outlet to the fixtures (72). Cold liquid is admitted from a supply (60) to the reservoir, and cold liquid desirably also is supplied to the heater inlet along with liquid from the reservoir, so that the heater inlet receives a combination of these.

Abstract: A pump device is proposed for arrangement on a recirculation line of an industrial water system including a feed pump, a check valve and a bypass line for the check valve. The bypass line is arranged in parallel to the check valve and wherein a combination of the check valve and bypass line is arrange in series to the feed pump.