Abstract: The present invention provides a method of testing a dog to determine the susceptibility of the dog to liver copper accumulation, comprising detecting in a sample the presence or absence in the genome of the dog of one or more polymorphisms selected from: (a) Chr22_3167534 (SEQ ID NO: 144), Chr22_3135144 (SEQ ID NO: 145), Chr20_55461150 (SEQ ID NO: 146), ChrX_120879711 (SEQ ID NO: 147), Chr19_6078084 (SEQ ID NO: 148), Chr15_62625262 (SEQ ID NO: 149), Chr14_39437543 (SEQ ID NO: 150), Chr15_62625024 (SEQ ID NO: 151), Chr3_86838677 (SEQ ID NO: 152), Chr24_4011833 (SEQ ID NO: 153), Chr18_60812198 (SEQ ID NO: 154), Chr10_65209946 (SEQ ID NO: 155), and the CGCCCC repeat at chromosome location 22:3135287; (b) one or more polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium with a said polymorphism (a); and/or (c) Chr32_38904515 (SEQ ID NO: 156), Chr8_4892743 (SEQ ID NO: 157) and Chr8_4880518 (SEQ ID NO: 158).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of determining the susceptibility of a dog to, or the likelihood that a dog is protected from, hip dysplasia. The present invention uses mutations linked to canine hip dysplasia to generate a model predicting disease.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods and compositions for identifying a miRNA profile for a particular condition, such as thyroid nodules or thyroid cancer, and using the profile in the diagnosis of a patient for a condition, such as thyroid nodules or thyroid cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an artificial synthetic cDNA (complementary deoxyribonucleic acid). The said artificial synthetic cDNA encodes a fused protein which is specifically presented in secondary glioblastoma, and the said artificial synthetic cDNA can be used as a biomarker for detecting the secondary glioblastoma. The present invention further provides a method for detecting secondary glioblastoma. According to the above technical solutions, the accuracy in distinguishing the secondary glioblastoma from primary glioblastoma is effectively improved in the present invention.

Abstract: A method for detecting cancer by determining ratios of alternatively spliced Lamin A/C gene mRNAs in tissue samples, especially an increased ratio of Lamin C to Lamin A mRNAs. Therapeutic for subjects having a tumor or cancer characterized by an elevated ratio of Lamin C to Lamin A mRNA or protein.

Abstract: Herein is reported a method for determining methylation of a promoter nucleic acid operably linked to a nucleic acid encoding a polypeptide and thereby determining the long-term productivity of a cell. Also an aspect is a method for selecting a cell for producing a polypeptide by determining the methylation of the promoter nucleic acid operably linked to the structural gene encoding the polypeptide.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for methods, compositions, and kits for multiplex nucleic acid analysis of single cells. The methods, compositions and systems may be used for massively parallel single cell sequencing. The methods, compositions and systems may be used to analyze thousands of cells concurrently. The thousands of cells may comprise a mixed population of cells (e.g., cells of different types or subtypes, different sizes).

Abstract: A method for specifically detecting and optionally for quantifying Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in a sample of an individual is provided. For this purpose, the detection of the presence of the IS900 region in a sample is performed by nucleic acid amplification using specific oligonucleotides. In a further aspect, a test kit for specifically detecting MAP in a sample by amplification methods is also provided. Finally, specific oligonucleotides that are suitable for specifically detecting MAP are described.

Abstract: Methods and systems for sorting hides are provided. In particular, one or more embodiments comprise a tanning control system that enhances the traceability of hides by capturing and utilizing data related to the unloading, tanning, sorting, and packaging of hides. Furthermore, one or more embodiments enable the tanning control system to improve efficiency by sorting hides based, at least in part, on data generated during prior tanning processes. Additionally, one or more embodiments facilitate the tanning control system in customizing the sorting and packaging of hides based, at least in part, on one or more hide characteristics and/or customer specifications.

Abstract: A method of detecting an abnormality in a blast furnace, wherein the abnormality causes clogging of a tuyere unit of the blast furnace, the method including capturing an image of a raceway unit through an in-furnace monitor window disposed at the tuyere unit; and determining that the abnormality has occurred when a brightness of the captured image is lower than or equal to a predetermined brightness threshold and a rate of decrease in the brightness is lower than or equal to a predetermined brightness-decrease-rate threshold.

Abstract: A method for supplying energy to a scrap metal pile (9) in an electric arc furnace (2). Energy is supplied by jets of hot gas in a first phase. Energy is supplied by electric arcs in a second phase after the first phase is completed. Hot gas is supplied via at least six jets. A device (1) for the method has an electric arc furnace (2), one or more blowing devices (6a, 6b, 6c), supply jets of reactant hot air into the chamber (7) of the electric arc furnace (8). The devices have a total of at least six nozzles (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f) with nozzle openings. Fuel conducting devices (8) supply fuel to the jets of reactant hot air.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for treatment of a surface of a metallic material component, the method comprising the steps: electro-spark treating the surface of the metallic component by means of an electro-spark electrode, wherein the metallic material is a basically ferritic, perlitic and/or austenitic steel and the method creates a thin layer with martensitic microstructures at the surface of the metallic material component. Serpentines and quartz can be incorporated by an additional step as well as the surface randomly structured by this.

Abstract: A method for producing a structural and/or safety-related motor vehicle component having at least one hot-formed and press-hardened part constructed from high-strength steel includes the steps of partially heat-treating a region of the motor vehicle component by heating the region to a heat-up temperature in a temperature range between 500° C. and 900° C.; maintaining the heat-up temperature for a duration of a holding time; and cooling down from the heat-up temperature in one or more phases. A body component constructed as a structural and/or safety-related motor vehicle component from a steel sheet blank that has been hot-formed and press-hardened includes joining flanges and/or coupling locations and/or safety-related parts, wherein the joining flanges, coupling locations and/or safety-related parts are partially heat-treated in several steps with the disclosed method.

Abstract: A soft nitrided induction hardened steel part which is excellent in bearing fatigue strength comprised of a predetermined chemical composition wherein a dissolved N concentration from the surface to 0.2 mm depth is 0.05 to 1.50%, a Vicker's hardness from the surface to 0.2 mm depth after tempering at 300° C. is HV 600 or more, and t/r?0.35 when an effective hardened layer depth “t” is 0.5 mm or more and a radius of a breakage risk site or half of the thickness is “r” (mm).

Abstract: A high-strength stainless steel seamless tube or pipe has excellent corrosion resistance, where excellent carbon dioxide gas corrosion resistance in high-temperature environments containing CO2 and Cl? at high temperatures up to 200° C. and excellent sulfide stress cracking resistance and excellent sulfide stress corrosion cracking resistance at corrosive environments further containing H2S are ensured based on a composition of C: 0.05% or less, Si: 0.5% or less, Mn: 0.15% to 1.0%, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Cr: 15.5% to 17.5%, Ni: 3.0% to 6.0%, Mo: 1.5% to 5.0%, Cu: 4.0% or less, W: 0.1% to 2.5%, and N: 0.15% or less such that ?5.9×(7.82+27C-0.91Si+0.21Mn?0.9Cr+Ni-1.1Mo+0.2Cu+11N)?13.0 is satisfied.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high-strength stainless steel pipe includes forming a steel pipe having a predetermined size, the steel having a composition comprising by mass % 0.005 to 0.05% C, 0.05 to 1.0% Si, 0.2 to 1.8% Mn, 0.03% or less P, 0.005% or less S, 14 to 20% Cr, 1.5 to 10% Ni, 1 to 5% Mo, 0.5% or less V, 0.15% or less N, 0.01% or less O, 0.002 to 0.1% Al, and Fe and unavoidable impurities as a balance; applying a quenching treatment two times or more to the steel pipe where the steel pipe is quenched by reheating to a temperature of 750° C. or above and cooling to a temperature of 100° C. or below at a cooling rate equal to or higher than an air-cooling rate; and applying a tempering treatment where the steel pipe is tempered at a temperature of 700° C. or below.

Abstract: Provided is an HPF member having excellent bending characteristics and a hot-dip aluminum plated layer formed on a surface of a base steel sheet. The base steel sheet includes, in terms of wt %, 0.18-0.25% of C, 0.1-0.5% of Si, 0.9-1.5% of Mn, 0.03% or less of P, 0.01% or less of S, 0.01-0.05% of Al, 0.05-0.5% of Cr, 0.01-0.05% of Ti, 0.001-0.005% of B, 0.009% or less of N, the balance Fe and other impurities; a ferrite phase having a thickness within 50 ?m is continuously or discontinuously formed inside a surface portion of the base steel sheet; the fraction of the surface portion occupied by the ferrite phase is 5% or less; and carbide materials having a size of 1 ?m or less are scattered and distributed in the surface portion of the base steel sheet so as to occupy 90% or more of the overall carbide distribution.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for direct smelting metalliferous material is disclosed. The invention concentrates injection of solid feed materials comprising metalliferous material and carbonaceous material into a direct smelting vessel during the course of the process into a relatively small region within a metal layer in a molten bath in the vessel in order to generate a substantial upward movement of molten material and gas from the metal layer into a region in the vessel that is above the molten bath. In particular, the invention injects the solid food materials with sufficient momentum and/or velocity via an opposed pair of lances that are oriented within the vessel and arranged to form overlapping plumes of injected material in the molten bath.

Abstract: A method of leaching a precious metal contained in decopperized anode slime includes, agitating and circulating a slurry at the same time, in carrying out hydrochloric acid oxidation leaching of the precious metal contained in the decopperized anode slime by adding a hydrochloric acid and an oxidant to the slurry of the decopperized anode slime, wherein in the circulating, the slurry is extracted from a lower portion of a tank and supplied again into an upper portion of the tank.

Abstract: A process for extraction of copper from an arsenical copper sulfide concentrate is provided. The process includes atmospheric oxidative leaching of a feed slurry including the arsenical copper sulfide concentrate and an acidic iron sulfate-containing leach solution, in the presence of oxygen, to produce a leach slurry including copper and arsenic dissolved into the leach solution. After dissolving the copper and arsenic, scorodite-containing seed is introduced to the leach slurry to induce precipitation of the arsenic dissolved during the oxidative leaching, as scorodite.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for extracting ultra high purity alumina from wastewater. Wastewater is recycled, filtered, concentrated and pretreated in order to mix with alkali solution and extraction agent PX-17, undergoing 2 times of purification, adding control agent SX-1 and high temperature heat treatment to finally obtain ultra high purity nano-alumina particles which purity reaches as 99.999% and particle size reaches as 20˜200 nm.

Abstract: A method for selectively extracting sedimentogenic strontium and barium from terrigenous elastic sediments to reflect the difference between marine and continental sedimentary environments is disclosed. The method comprises collecting loose sediment, removing visible biogenic clasts, baking the sample and crushing the sample to a grain size no larger than 100-mesh. The method further comprises weighing the sample, reacting the sample in acetic acid or acetic acid-acetate solution, stirring or oscillating the sample at room temperature and normal pressure, separating the solid and liquid after reaction and analyzing strontium and barium in the supernatant. The gained Sr/Ba ratio of the supernatant reflects whether the sediments were deposited in a marine or a continental sedimentary environment.

Abstract: A production method for a titanium alloy member includes preparing a titanium alloy material for sintering as a raw material of a sintered body; nitriding the titanium alloy material for sintering, thereby forming a nitrogen compound layer and/or a nitrogen solid solution layer in a surface layer of the titanium alloy material for sintering and yielding a nitrogen-containing titanium alloy material for sintering; mixing the titanium alloy material for sintering and the nitrogen-containing titanium alloy material for sintering, thereby yielding a titanium alloy material for sintering mixed with nitrogen-containing titanium alloy material; sintering the titanium alloy material for sintering mixed with nitrogen-containing titanium alloy material, thereby bonding the material each other and dispersing nitrogen contained in the nitrogen-containing titanium alloy material for sintering in a condition in which nitrogen is uniformly dispersed into an entire inner portion of the sintered body by solid solution.

Abstract: The ferritic stainless steel foil has a composition containing, by mass %, C: 0.050% or less, Si: 0.20% or less, Mn: 0.20% or less, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, Cr: 10.5% or more and 20.0% or less, Ni: 0.01% or more and 1.00% or less, Al: more than 1.5% and less than 3.0%, Cu: 0.01% or more and 1.00% or less, N: 0.10% or less, and further contains one or more elements selected from Ti: 0.01% or more and 1.00% or less, Zr: 0.01% or more and 0.20% or less, and Hf: 0.01% or more and 0.20% or less, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities. This enables a composite layer of an Al oxide layer and a Cr oxide layer to be formed on the surface of the ferritic stainless steel foil in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere at 800° C. or more.

Abstract: A method for providing a surface finish to a metal part includes both diffusion hardening a metal surface to form a diffusion-hardened layer, and oxidizing the diffusion-hardened layer to create an oxide coating thereon. The diffusion-hardened layer can be harder than an internal region of the metal part and might be ceramic, and the oxide coating can have a color that is different from the metal or ceramic, the color being unachievable only by diffusion hardening or only by oxidizing. The metal can be titanium or titanium alloy, the diffusion hardening can include carburizing or nitriding, and the oxidizing can include electrochemical oxidization. The oxide layer thickness can be controlled via the amount of voltage applied during oxidation, with the oxide coating color being a function of thickness. An enhanced hardness profile can extend to a depth of at least 20 microns below the top of the oxide coating.

Abstract: A deposition apparatus includes deposition sources, a deposition chamber, a mask assembly, and a transfer unit. The mask assembly includes a support member, a shutter member, and a drive member. The support member has a first opening configured to allow the deposition materials to pass through while supporting the base substrate on which the passed-through deposition materials are deposited. The shutter member is accommodated in the support member and has a second opening smaller than the first opening. The drive member is configured to change a position of the second opening with respect to the base substrate in accordance with the movement of the mask assembly.

Abstract: The invention provides a sputter deposition assembly that includes a sputtering chamber, a sputtering target, and a magnet assembly. The magnet assembly includes a two-part magnetic backing plate that includes first and second plate segments, of which at least one is laterally adjustable. Also provided are methods of operating the sputter deposition assembly.

Abstract: For use in a method for producing a transparent conductive film having an ITO transparent electrode layer, a roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus includes at least three deposition chambers adjacent to a deposition roll. While a transparent film substrate is conveyed on the deposition roll, a base conductive layer is formed by sputtering deposition in one or more deposition chambers, and a main conductive layer is formed thereon by successive sputtering deposition in two or more film deposition chambers. The applied power in the deposition chambers where the underlying conductive layer is formed is 5% to 20% of the total of the applied power in each the deposition chamber where the underlying or main conductive layer is formed. In formation of the main conductive layer, the applied power in the deposition chamber where the ITO thin film is first deposited is less than the applied power in the next deposition chamber.

Abstract: The embodiments disclose an apparatus including at least two carbon source deposition tools for emitting electrons, at least two reflective polarity rear button permanent magnets integrated into the carbon source deposition tools for reflecting emitted electrons, and at least two paired polarity Helmholtz coils integrated into the carbon source deposition tools for forming uniform parallel magnetic field lines for confining the emitted electrons to uniformly deposit carbon onto the surfaces of a two-sided media disk.

Abstract: The disclosure describes in some examples a technique that includes the disclosure describes a technique that includes depositing a carbon powder and a resin powder on a surface of a fiber preform, where the fiber preform includes a plurality of fibers and defines interstitial spaces between the plurality of fibers, and vibrating the fiber preform to allow the carbon powder and the resin powder to infiltrate the interstitial spaces between the plurality of fibers of the fiber preform to form an infiltrated preform.

Abstract: A graphene deposition process. The process includes the steps of placing a substrate into a deposition chamber and heating the chamber, generating radio frequency plasma at a location proximate to the substrate while flowing a precursor gas containing carbon through the plasma and over the substrate.

Abstract: A film deposition apparatus includes a vacuum chamber and a turntable provided in the vacuum chamber. A concave portion is formed in a surface of the turntable to accommodate a substrate therein, and a pedestal portion is provided to support a location inside a periphery of the substrate in the concave portion. At least one communication passage is formed in a wall portion of the concave portion to cause a first space around the pedestal portion in the concave portion to be in communication with a second space outside the turntable provided in an end area of the concave portion located opposite to a first center of the turntable when seen from a second center of the concave portion. An exhaust opening is provided to evacuate the vacuum chamber.

Abstract: A silicon nitride film forming method for forming a silicon nitride film on a substrate to be processed, includes forming a silicon nitride film doped with a predetermined amount of titanium by repeating, a predetermined number of times, forming a silicon nitride film by repeating, a first number of times, a process of causing a silicon source gas to be adsorbed onto the substrate and a process of nitriding the adsorbed silicon source gas with plasma of a nitriding gas, and forming a titanium nitride film by repeating, a second number of times, a process of causing a titanium source gas containing chlorine to be adsorbed onto the substrate and a process of nitriding the adsorbed titanium source gas with the plasma of the nitriding gas.

Abstract: An improved protective layer is provided for PECVD graphite boats for receiving wafers and for transporting the wafers in or through PECVD coating systems, in particular in the photovoltaics industry. A more homogeneous antireflection layer on silicon substrates is achieved by virtue of the PECVD boat of graphite being provided with an electrically conductive hard material coating of at least boron carbide (B4C).

Abstract: A method for processing a substrate is provided. According to the method, a process gas is supplied to a surface of a substrate, and then a separation gas is supplied to the surface of the substrate. Moreover, a first plasma processing gas is supplied to the surface of the substrate in a first state in which a distance between the first plasma generation unit and the turntable is set at a first distance, and a second plasma processing gas is supplied to the surface of the substrate in a second state in which a distance between the second plasma generation unit and the turntable is set at a second distance shorter than the first distance. Furthermore, the separation gas is supplied to the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A multi-layer fabric used to fabricate a garment or a protective cover includes a top and bottom textile layer and an air permeable, moisture-vapor-transmissive, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene middle layer. The fabric exhibits an MVTR rating of at least 4000 g/m2/day. The fabric may also include a top layer coating or fiber treatment of a nano-ceramic material designed to increase the durability of the garment/cover and increase the resistance to abrasion and wear while also resisting environmental conditions including exposure to solar radiation, temperature and humidity. Alternatively, the upper layer of the multi-layer fabric may incorporate ceramic coated fibers or ceramic co-extruded fibers, or carbon nanotubes while in another embodiment may also feature a fire resistant application as well as a permanent, highly breathable and highly durable electro-static discharge feature added to the inside of the layer by laying down a carbon based printed pattern on the inside of the layer.

Abstract: A plasma chemical vapor deposition device includes a chamber, a first conductor having an elongated shape, a second conductor having a tubular shape, a high-frequency output device, and a direct-current power supply. A first connecting portion of the first conductor with the high-frequency output device and a second connecting portion of the first conductor with the direct-current power supply are both placed outside the chamber. A distance from one end of the first conductor to the first connecting portion is shorter than a distance from the one end of the first conductor to the second connecting portion. An impedance change portion is provided between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion in the first conductor, the impedance change portion having an impedance different from an impedance between the one end of the first conductor and the first connecting portion.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes a rotary table arranged in a vacuum chamber, a first reaction gas supply unit that supplies a first reaction gas to a surface of the rotary table, a second reaction gas supply unit that is arranged apart from the first reaction gas supply unit and supplies a second reaction gas, which reacts with the first reaction gas, to the surface of the rotary table, and an activated gas supply unit that is arranged apart from the first and second reaction gas supply units. The activated gas supply unit includes a discharge unit that supplies an activated fluorine-containing gas to the surface of the rotary table, a pipe that is arranged upstream of the discharge unit and supplies the fluorine-containing gas to the discharge unit, and at least one hydrogen-containing gas supply unit arranged at the pipe for supplying a hydrogen-containing gas into the pipe.

Abstract: Walls of through-holes and vias of substrates with dielectric material are electroless plated with copper using tin-free ionic silver catalysts. Conductive polymers are first formed on the substrates by treating the substrates with a permanganate solution containing complexing anions followed by applying monomers, oligomers or conductive polymers to the substrate to form a conductive polymer coating on the dielectric of the substrate as well as on the walls of through-holes and vias of the substrate. A tin-free ionic silver catalyst is then applied to the treated substrate. Optionally, the tin-free ionic silver catalyst can include a ligand agent to form a coordination entity with the silver ions of the tin-free catalyst. The silver ions of the tin-free catalyst are reduced by the conductive polymer and then an electroless metal copper bath is applied to the treated substrate to copper plate the dielectric and walls of the through-holes and vias of the substrate.

Abstract: A bypass electrolyzer system provides a system for separating oxygen and hydrogen from water, whereby electrodes are respectively disposed in first and second housings spaced apart by at least one membrane supported by at least one membrane holder. At least one bypass line connects the first and second housings so that during operation, hydrogen can pass to through the bypass line to the oxygen side and then back through the membrane to assist in equalizing pressure across the membrane during operation.

Abstract: Methods and systems for hydrogen production or production of a reduced target molecule are described, wherein a nicotinamide co-factor dependent membrane hydrogenase or a nicotinamide co-factor dependent membrane enzyme presented on a nanolipoprotein adsorbed onto an electrically conductive supporting structure, which can preferably be chemically inert, is contacted with protons or a target molecule to be reduced and nicotinamide cofactors in presence of an electric current and one or more electrically driven redox mediators.

Abstract: An electrolysis device comprising a pot shell (3) and an inner lining (5) defining an opening (16) through which an anode block (15) suspended from an anode support (13, 17) forming an anode assembly (12) moves vertically by means of an anode receiver (25), said anode receiver being placed outside a space defined by the top of said anode block (15), said anode receiver comprising an anode contact surface (27) working in conjunction with the anode support (13, 17) to establish therewith electrical contact and mechanical contact to moving the anode assembly (12) vertically. An anode assembly (12). An electrolytic cell and an electrolysis installation comprising such an anode assembly.

Abstract: A system is provided including an electrolysis cell configured to retain a molten electrolyte bath, the bath including at least one bath component, the electrolysis cell including: a bottom, and a sidewall consisting essentially of the at least one bath component; and a feed material including the least one bath component to the molten electrolyte bath such that the at least one bath component is within 30% of saturation, wherein, via the feed material, the sidewall is stable in the molten electrolyte bath.

Abstract: The present description relates to an anode arrangement for use in an electrolysis production of metals comprising an anode having a hollow body comprising a cavity, the body having at least one gas outlet connected in flow communication with the cavity. A gas inlet is connected in fluid flow communication with the cavity of the anode, the gas inlet being connectable to a source of hydrogen gas for feeding hydrogen gas into the cavity of the anode. The anode arrangement also comprises an electrical connector and a hydrogen chloride (HCl) recuperator surrounding at least a portion of the anode for recovering HCl gas released through the at least one gas outlet at an outer surface of the anode during electrolysis.

Abstract: A mask manufacturing method, including manufacturing a first mold, including forming first patterns having inclined surfaces by patterning a silicon substrate; manufacturing a second mold, including forming second patterns that correspond to the first patterns by coating and curing a hardener on a surface of the first mold in which the first patterns are formed; separating the second mold from the first mold; forming a mask pattern by coating a metal layer on the second mold; and separating the metal layer from the second mold.

Abstract: A coating forming device for forming a metal coating on a surface of a substrate includes: an anode; a power supply; and a solid electrolyte membrane disposed between the anode and the substrate and contains metal ions. The solid electrolyte membrane includes: a contact surface that is a region contacting a coating-forming region where the metal coating is formed; and a concave portion recessed relative to the contact surface such that, when the contact surface contacts the coating-forming region, the solid electrolyte membrane is not in contact with a portion of the surface of the substrate excluding the coating-forming region. The metal ions are reduced to form the metal coating on the coating-forming region by the power supply applying a voltage between the anode and the substrate.

Abstract: A method of producing a locator pin with wear-resistant, corrosion resistant, and electrically insulating coating on selected areas of the surface off a metallic core include depositing a coating on the selected areas. The locator pin may have a single layer of a ceramic coating deposited using plasma electrolytic oxidation or may have a composite coating that includes a layer of vanadium carbide on selected areas of a surface of a locator pin and a layer diamond-like carbon on top of and in contact with the vanadium carbide layer. The vanadium carbide coating may be deposited using a thermal diffusion process and the diamond-like carbon coating may be deposited using a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process. The coating prevents weld splatter from adhering to the coated areas, and prevents the locator pin from acting as a shorting path during welding of parts located by the locator pin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a removable anodizing agent, in particular for local anodic oxidation of metal surfaces, and its use, and a method for anodic oxidation by means of an anodizing agent according to the invention.

Abstract: A method for producing a crystal, according to the present invention, where the lower surface 4B of a seed crystal 4 which is rotatably arranged and made of silicon carbide is brought into contact with a solution 5 of silicon solvent containing carbon in a crucible 6 which is rotatably arranged and the seed crystal 4 is pulled up and a crystal of silicon carbide is grown from the solution 5 on the lower surface 4B of the seed crystal 4, comprising the steps of bringing the lower surface 4B of the seed crystal 4 into contact with the solution 5 in a contact step, rotating the seed crystal 4 in a seed crystal rotation step, rotating the crucible 6 in a crucible rotation step, and stopping rotation of the crucible 6, while the seed crystal 4 is rotated in the state in which the lower surface 4B of the seed crystal 4 is in contact with the solution 5, in a deceleration step.

Abstract: Provided is a method that allows growing a single crystal of silicon carbide on an off-substrate of silicon carbide while suppressing surface roughening. The method for producing a crystal of silicon carbide includes rotating a seed crystal of silicon carbide while bringing the seed crystal into contact with a starting material solution containing silicon and carbon. A crystal growth surface of the seed crystal has an off-angle, and the position of a rotation center of the seed crystal lies downstream of the central position of the seed crystal in a step flow direction that is a formation direction of the off-angle.